CN114868755A - 一种含氟氯虫双酰胺的杀虫组合物及其用途 - Google Patents
一种含氟氯虫双酰胺的杀虫组合物及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114868755A CN114868755A CN202210656778.2A CN202210656778A CN114868755A CN 114868755 A CN114868755 A CN 114868755A CN 202210656778 A CN202210656778 A CN 202210656778A CN 114868755 A CN114868755 A CN 114868755A
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于农药杀虫技术领域,公开了一种氟氯虫双酰胺的杀虫组合物,所述的杀虫组合物包含活性成分氟氯虫双酰胺和式I所示的化合物,所述的氟氯虫双酰胺与式I化合物的质量比为1:50~45:1。本发明的杀虫组合物或其制剂扩大了杀虫谱,提高了速效性和持效性,对作物、非靶标生物、环境友好,能够延缓害虫抗药性的产生,降低用药量,提高作物品质。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药杀虫技术领域,具体涉及一种含氟氯虫双酰胺的杀虫组合物及其用途。
背景技术
氟氯虫双酰胺属于苯甲酰胺类杀虫剂,能高效激活昆虫鱼尼丁(肌肉)受体进而过度释放细胞内钙库中的钙离子,导致昆虫瘫痪死亡。对鳞翅目害虫的幼虫活性高,杀虫谱广,持效性好。结构式如下:
式I化合物化学名称为4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-(三氟甲基)-4H-1,2-噁唑-3-基]-N-[甲氧基亚氨基甲基]-2-甲基苯甲酰胺,分子式为C20H16Cl2F3N3O3,式I化合物由日产化学工业株式会社开发的一种新型的具有杀虫活性的异恶唑啉类外消旋化合物,其具备创新作用机理,属于谷氨酸门控氯离子通道(LGCC)干扰剂,主要作用于昆虫的γ-氨基丁酸门控氯离子通道。国际杀虫剂抗性委员会(IRAC)将其归为第30类。主要用于蔬菜和茶等作物,对防治鳞翅目虫害有特效,可同时防治蜱螨目、缨翅目、双翅目害虫。其结构式如下:
近年来,由于大面积、频繁使用化学药剂,部分杀虫剂产品对害虫的防效越来越低,长期使用含有单一活性成分的杀虫剂用于害虫防治会带来不同程度的危害,如害虫抗药性的产生,环境污染等。对不同活性成分进行合理的复配,可以起到扩大杀虫谱,延缓持效时间,减少用药量从而降低用药成本,减少环境污染的作用。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中单一杀虫剂长期使用容易产生抗性,降低防治害虫的效果,增加使用量对环境污染等问题,本公开提供一种含氟氯虫双酰胺的杀虫组合物及其用途。
进一步地,所述的式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺的质量比为1:50、1:45、1:35、1:30、1:15、1:3、1:2、1:1、2:1、3:1、5:1、15:1、35:1、50:1;
进一步地,所述的式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺的质量比为1:30~35:1;
进一步地,所述的式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺的质量比为1:30、1:15、1:3、1:2、1:1、2:1、3:1、5:1、15:1、35:1;
进一步地,所述的式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺的质量比为1:15~15:1;
进一步地,所述的式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺的质量比为1:15、1:3、1:2、1:1、2:1、3:1、5:1、15:1;
进一步地,以所述杀虫组合物的总重量为100wt%计,所述活性成分A与活性成分B在杀虫组合物中的含量之和为0.1~95wt%;
进一步地,所述杀虫组合物还包括辅助剂,所述辅助剂选自润湿剂、分散剂、乳化剂、增稠剂、崩解剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、溶剂、防腐剂、稳定剂、增效剂和载体中的一种或多种;
进一步地,所述的润湿剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、拉开粉BX、润湿渗透剂F、皂角粉、蚕沙或无患子粉中的一种或多种组成的混合物;
进一步地,所述的分散剂选自聚羧酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物硫酸盐、烷基苯磺酸钙、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚或甘油脂肪酸酯聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种组成的混合物;
进一步地,所述的乳化剂选自烷基苯磺酸钙、OP系列磷酸酯(壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯)、苯基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、苯乙烯聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵盐、烷基联苯醚二磺酸镁盐、三乙醇胺盐、苄基二甲基酚聚氧乙基醚、烷基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙基醚、苯乙基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙基醚、苯乙基酚聚氧乙基聚丙烯基醚、环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物、OP系列(壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚)、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚、烷基芳基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚、山梨醇酐单硬脂酸、失水山梨醇脂酸酯聚氧乙烯醚或脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或者多种组成的混合物;
进一步地,所述的增稠剂选自黄原胶、聚乙烯醇、膨润土、羧甲基纤维素或硅酸镁铝中的一种或多种组成的混合物;
进一步地,所述的崩解剂选自膨润土、尿素、硫酸铵、氯化铝、低取代羟丙基纤维素、乳糖、柠檬酸、丁二酸或碳酸氢钠中的一种或多种组成的混合物;
进一步地,所述的防冻剂选自乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇或尿素中的一种或多种组成的混合物;
进一步地,所述的消泡剂选自硅油、硅酮类化合物、C10~C20饱和脂肪酸类化合物或C8~C10脂肪醇类化合物中的一种或多种组成的混合物;
进一步地,所述的溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、环己酮、丁醚、二甲苯、二甲基亚砜、甲醇、乙二醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、三甲基环己酮、N-辛基吡咯烷酮、甲苯、乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、异丙胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二乙二醇、乙二醇甲醚、乙酸乙酯或乙腈中的一种或多种组成的混合物;
进一步地,所述的稳定剂选自环氧大豆油、环氧氯丙烷、BHT、乙酸乙酯、磷酸三苯酯的一种或多种组成的混合物;
进一步地,所述的渗透剂选自渗透剂JFC、渗透剂T、氮酮或有机硅中的一种或多种组成的混合物;
进一步地,所述的载体为溶剂或填料中的一种、二种或三种,水优选去离子水;
进一步地,所述的填料选自高岭土、硅藻土、膨润土、凹凸棒土、白炭黑、淀粉或轻质碳酸钙中的一种或多种组成的混合物;
上述物质均可通过市售获得;
本杀虫组合物,可以按照需要制备成农业上允许的任意一种制剂剂型;
进一步地,所述的制剂剂型为固体制剂、液体制剂或种子处理制剂;
进一步地,所述的固体制剂为直接使用固体制剂、可分散固体制剂或可溶固体制剂;
更进一步地,所述的直接使用固体制剂为粉剂、颗粒剂、球剂、片剂或条剂;
所述的可分散固体制剂为可湿性粉剂、油分散粉剂、乳粉剂、水分散粒剂、乳粒剂或水分散片剂;
所述的可溶固体制剂为可溶粉剂、可溶片剂或可溶粒剂;
进一步地,所述的液体制剂为溶液制剂、分散液体制剂、乳液制剂、悬浮制剂或多相制剂;
更进一步地,所述的溶液制剂为可溶液剂、可溶胶剂、油剂或展膜油剂;
所述的分散液体制剂为乳油、乳胶、可分散液剂或膏剂;
所述的乳液制剂为水乳剂、油乳剂、微乳剂或脂剂;
所述的悬浮制剂为悬浮剂、微囊悬浮剂、油悬浮剂或可分散油悬浮剂;
所述的多相制剂为悬乳剂、微囊悬浮-悬浮剂、微囊悬浮-水乳剂或微囊悬浮-悬乳剂;
进一步地,所述的种子处理制剂包括种子处理固体制剂或种子处理液体制剂;
更进一步地,所述的种子处理固体制剂为种子处理干粉剂或种子处理可分散粉剂;
所述的种子处理液体制剂为种子处理液剂、种子处理乳剂和/或种子处理悬浮剂;
进一步地,所述的液体制剂为悬浮剂和/或水乳剂,所述的固体制剂为可湿性粉剂和/或水分散粒剂;
本发明还公开了如上所述的杀虫组合物和/或制剂用于预防或控制农业、林业、园艺害虫的用途。
进一步地,所述害虫为鞘翅目(Coleoptera)、缨翅目(Thysanoptera)、鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)、半翅目(Hemiptera)、双翅目(Diptera)害虫;
更进一步地,所述的害虫为鳞翅目害虫;
进一步地,所述的鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)害虫,包括但不限于,菜蛾(Plutellaxylostella)、小菜蛾(diamondback moth)、Polychrosis viteana(葡萄卷叶蛾(grapeberry moth))、桔果巢蛾(Prays endocarpa)、油橄榄巢蛾(Prays oleae)(油橄榄蛾(olivemoth))、Pseudaletia属种(Pseudaletia spp.)(夜蛾)、Pseudaletia unipunctata(夜盗蛾(armyworm))、大豆夜蛾(Pseudoplusia includes)(大豆尺蠖(soybean looper))、尺蠖(Rachiplusia nu)、三化螟(Scirpophaga incertulas)、蛀茎夜蛾属种(Sesamia spp.)(螟蛾(stemborers))、稻蛀茎夜蛾(Sesamia inferens)(pink rice stem borer)、粉茎螟(Sesamia nonagrioides)、铜斑褐刺蛾(Setora nitens)、麦蛾(Sitotroga cerealella)(Angoumois grain moth)、葡萄长须卷蛾(Sparganothis pilleriana)、灰翅夜蛾属种(Spodoptera spp.)(夜盗蛾)、甜菜夜蛾(Spodoptera exigua)(甜菜夜盗蛾(beetarmyworm))、草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera fugiperda)(秋夜盗蛾(fall armyworm))、褐带卷蛾属种(Adoxophyes spp.)、棉褐带卷蛾(Adoxophyes orana)、地虎属种(Agrotis spp.)(切根虫)、小地蚕(Agrotis ipsilon)(黑切根虫(black cutworm))、棉叶波纹夜蛾(Alabamaargillacea)、Amorbia cuneana、Amyelosis transitella(脐橙螟(navel orangeworm))、桃条麦蛾(Anarsia lineatella)(桃枝麦蛾(peach twig borer))、黄麻桥夜蛾(Anomissabulifera)(jute looper)、果树卷叶蛾(Archi psargyrospila)(fruittreeleafroller)、玫瑰卷叶蛾(Archips rosana)(rose leaf roller)、卷蛾属种(Argyrotaenia spp.)(tortricid moths)、桔带卷蛾(Argyrotaenia citrana)、Autographa gamma、Bonagota cranaodes、籼弄蝶(Borbo cinnara)、细蛾属种(Caloptiliaspp.)(潜叶虫(leaf miners))、Ca pua reticulana、桃蛀果蛾(Carposina niponensis)(peach fruit moth)、禾草螟属种(Chilo spp.)、芒果横线尾夜蛾(Chlumetiatransversa)(mango shoot borer)、玫瑰色卷蛾(Choristoneura rosaceana)(蔷薇斜条卷叶蛾(obliquebanded leafroller))、夜蛾属种(Chrysodeixis spp.)、稻纵卷叶野螟(Cnaphalocerus medinalis)(grass leafroller)、豆粉蝶属种(Colias spp.)、荔枝爻纹细蛾(Conpomorpha cramerella)、芳香木蠹蛾(Cossus cossus)、草螟属种(Crambus spp.)(草地螟(Sod webworms))、李小食心虫(Cydiafunebrana)(梅果蛾(plum fruit moth))、梨小食心虫(Cydia molesta)(东方果蛾(oriental fruit moth))、Cydia nignicana(豌豆蛾(pea moth))、苹果小卷蛾(Cydia pomonella)、Darna diducta、绢野螟属种(Diaphaniaspp.)(螟虫(stem borers))、螟属种(Diatraea spp.)(stalk borers)、小蔗螟(Diatraeasaccharalis)(甘蔗螟(sugarcane borer))、西南玉米杆草螟(Diatraea graniosella)(西南玉米螟(southwester corn borer))、金刚钻属种(Earias spp.)(棉铃虫)、埃及金刚钻(Earias insulata)(埃及棉铃虫)、翠纹金刚钻(Earias vitella)(rough northernbollworm)、Ecdytopopha aurantianum、南美玉米苗斑螟(Elasmopalpus lignosellus)(小玉米茎蛀虫(lesser cornstalk borer))、粉斑螟属种(Ephestia spp.)(flour moths)、粉斑螟(Ephestia cautella)(almond moth)、烟草粉斑螟(Ephestia elutella)(烟草蛾(tobbaco moth))、地中海粉螟(Ephestia kuehniella)(地中海粉蛾(Mediterraneanflour moth))、Epimeces属种(Epimeces spp.)、夜小卷蛾(Epinotia aporema)、香蕉弄蝶(Erionota thrax)(banana skipper)、女贞细卷蛾(Eupoecilia ambiguella)、Euxoaauxiliaris(原切根虫(army cutworm))、Feltia属种(Feltia spp.)、角剑夜蛾属种(Gortyna spp.)(螟蛾(stemborers))、东方蛀果蛾(Grapholita molesta)(东方果蛾(oriental fruit moth))、三纹螟蛾(Hedylepta indicate)、豆卷叶螟(bean leafwebber)、青虫属种(Helicoverpa s p p.)(夜蛾)、棉铃虫(Helicover paarmigera)、谷实夜蛾(Helicoverpa zea)、实夜蛾属种(Heliothis spp.)(夜蛾)、烟芽夜蛾(Heliothisvirescens)、烟草芽虫(tobacco budworm)、菜心野螟(Hellula undalis)(cabbagewebworm)、Indarbela属种(Indarbela spp.)、根茎天牛(root borers)、番茄蠹蛾(Keiferia lycopersicella)、(番茄蛲虫(tomato pinworm)、茄白翅野螟(Leucinodesorbonalis)(eggplant fruit borer)、旋纹潜蛾(Leucoptera malifoliella)、细蛾属种(Lithocollectis spp.)、葡萄小卷叶蛾(Lobesia botrana)(葡萄果实蛾(grape fruitmoth))、Loxagrotis属种(Loxagrotis spp.)(夜蛾)、Loxagrotis albicosta(西部豆类切根虫(western bean cutworm))、舞毒蛾(Lymantria dispar)(吉普赛蛾(gypsy moth))、桃潜蛾(Lyonetia clerkella)(金纹细蛾(apple leaf miner))、Mahasena corbetti(油棕榈袋蛾(oil palm bagworm))、天幕毛虫属种(Malacosoma spp.)(tent caterpillars)、甜菜夜蛾(Mamestra brassicae)(cabbage armyworm)、豆荚野螟(Maruca testulalis)、袋蛾(Metisa plana)、Mythimna unipuncta(true armyworm)、Neoleucinodes elegantalis(小番茄螟(small tomato borer))、三点水螟(Nymphula depunctalis)(稻纵卷叶螟(ricecaseworm))、冬尺蠖(Operophthera brumata)(冬蛾(winter moth))、玉米螟(Ostrinianubilalis)(欧洲玉米螟(European corn borer))、Pandemis cerasana、普通葡萄卷叶蛾(common currant tortrix)、苹褐卷蛾(Pandemis heparana)(brown apple tortrix)、非洲达摩凤蝶(Papilio demodocus)、红铃麦蛾(Pectinophora gossypiella)(红铃虫(pinkbollworm))、Peridroma属种(Peridroma spp.)(切根虫)、杂色地老虎(Peridroma saucia)(杂色切根虫(variegated cutworm))、咖啡潜叶蛾(Perileucoptera coffeella)(白咖啡潜叶蛾(white coffee leafminer))、马铃薯块茎蛾(Phthorimaea operculella)(potatotuber moth)、柑桔叶潜蛾(Phyllocnisitis citrella)、细蛾属种(Phyllonorycter spp.)(潜叶蛾)、菜粉蝶(Pieris rapae)(进口菜青虫(imported cabbageworm))、苜蓿绿夜蛾(Plathypena scabra)、印度谷斑蛾(Plodia interpunctella)(印度谷螟(Indian mealmoth))、南部灰翅夜蛾(Spodoptera oridania)(南方夜盗蛾(southern armyworm))、兴透翅蛾属种(Synanthedon spp.)(root borers)、Thecla basilides、Thermisiagemmatalis、衣蛾(Tineola bisselliella)(负袋夜蛾(webbing clothes moth))、粉斑夜蛾(Trichoplusia ni)(菜青虫)、番茄斑潜蝇(Tuta absoluta)、巢蛾属种(Yponomeutaspp.)、咖啡豹蠹蛾(Zeuzera coffeae)(红枝虫(red branch borer))、和梨豹蠹蛾(Zeuzera pyrina)(豹蠹蛾(leopard moth)。
更进一步地所述的鳞翅目害虫为甜菜夜蛾和/或水稻二化螟;
进一步地,将所述杀虫组合物和/或制剂以有效剂量施于需要控制的害虫或其生长的介质上。
有益效果:本发明提供的一种含氟氯虫双酰胺的杀虫组合物,根据两种药剂的不同作用机理,寻求最合适的配比对害虫进行防治,与传统药剂相比具有以下优点:
1)本发明的杀虫组合物由两种作用机制不同的有效成分组成,混配后具有明显的协同增效作用,提高了防治效果,同时也有利于克服和延缓害虫抗药性的产生;
2)高效、低毒、低残留、速效性好、持效期长、对环境友好;
3)两种药剂具有相容性,增效作用显著,减少了单一杀虫剂的用药剂量,节省了农药使用成本,提高了农产品的产量和品质。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细描述,但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。
制剂制备例:
制备例1:36%式I化合物·氟氯虫双酰胺可湿性粉剂(1:5)
按重量百分比计,式I化合物6%、氟氯虫双酰胺30%、木质素磺酸钠7%、分散剂NNO 3%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠2%、白炭黑3%、高岭土补足余量。
制备方法:按配方比例将活性成分以及分散剂、润湿剂和填料混合,在搅拌釜中均匀搅拌,经气流粉碎机进行多次粉碎混合均匀,即可制成本发明组合物的可湿性粉剂。
制备例2:32%式I化合物·氟氯虫双酰胺水分散粒剂(1:3)
按重量百分比计,式I化合物8%、氟氯虫双酰胺24%、萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物8%、拉开粉BX 3%、木质素磺酸钠4%、高岭土补足余量。
制备方法:按实施例配方比例,将活性成分加入载体中,并在其中加入表面活性剂和其他功能性助剂,混合,经气流粉碎后加10~25%的水,然后经捏合、造粒、干燥、筛分制得水分散粒剂。
制备例3:40%式I化合物·氟氯虫双酰胺水分散粒剂(1:3)
按重量百分比计,式I化合物10%、氟氯虫双酰胺30%、萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物8%、聚羧酸钠盐4%,木质素磺酸钠4%、有机硅消泡剂0.5%、高岭土补足余量。
制备方法:按配方比例,将活性成分、表面活性剂和其他功能性助剂依次置于反应釜中,加水混合均匀,经高速剪切,湿法砂磨,最后喷雾干燥、筛分制得水分散粒剂。
制备例4:12%式I化合物·氟氯虫双酰胺水乳剂(2:1)
按重量百分比计,式I化合物8%、氟氯虫双酰胺4%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚6%、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯盐1%、环己酮12%、黄原胶0.25%、乙二醇5%、山梨酸0.2%、去离子水补足余量。
制备方法:按配方比例将活性成分与溶剂、乳化剂、助溶剂加在一起,使溶解成均匀的油相;将部分水,抗冻剂及其他的农药助剂混合在一起成均匀的水相;在反应釜中高速搅拌的同时将油相加入水相,缓缓加水直至达到转相点,开启剪切机进行高速剪切,并加入剩余的水,剪切约半小时,形成水包油型的水乳剂。
制备例5:10%式I化合物·氟氯虫双酰胺水乳剂(1:1)
按重量百分比计,式I化合物5%、氟氯虫双酰胺5%、苯乙酮18%、异构醇聚氧乙烯醚8%、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯2%、黄原胶0.2%、丙三醇5%、苯甲酸钠0.1%、去离子水补足余量。
制备方法:同制备例4。
制备例6:24%式I化合物·氟氯虫双酰胺悬浮剂(1:2)
按重量百分比计,式I化合物8%、氟氯虫双酰胺16%、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚3%、苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯盐4%、烷基芳基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚2%、木质素磺酸钠3%、乙二醇5%、硅酸镁铝1%、黄原胶0.4%,山梨酸钠2%,硅油0.5%、去离子水补足余量。
制备方法:按配方比例,将活性成分、表面活性剂和其他功能性助剂依次置于反应釜中,加水混合均匀,经高速剪切,湿法砂磨,最后匀质过滤即得悬浮剂。
制备例7:32%式I化合物·氟氯虫双酰胺悬浮剂(1:15)
按重量百分比计,式I化合物2%、氟氯虫双酰胺30%、萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物5%、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯2%、十二烷基硫酸钠3%、硅酸镁铝1%、黄原胶0.2%、丙二醇5%、苯并异噻唑啉酮0.1%、硅油0.5%、去离子水补足余量。
制备方法:同制备例6。
室内生测试验
实施例1:式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺复配对甜菜夜蛾室内生测试验
试验依据:试验参考NY/T 1154.14-2008《农药室内生物测定试验准则杀虫剂第14部分:浸叶法》;NY/T 1154.7-2006《农药室内生物测定试验准则杀虫剂第7部分:混配的联合作用测定》。
试验靶标:甜菜夜蛾(Spodoptera exigua Hübner),选择生理状态一致的二龄试虫,饲养条件:(25±2)℃,相对湿度70%左右,光周期L:D=16h:8h。
试验药剂:95%氟氯虫双酰胺、92%式I化合物原药,以上药剂均由海利尔药业集团研发中心提供。
药剂配制:分别配制单剂母液,并根据混配目的、药剂活性设计合适的配比,各单剂及每组配比混剂按照等比的方法配置5个系列质量浓度。
药剂处理:将新鲜的甘蓝叶片剪成直径为6cm的叶碟,将叶碟浸于待测液中,10s后取出晾干置于含有保湿滤纸的培养皿中,接入试虫,每个重复20头。每个处理4次重复,并设不含药剂(含所有有机溶剂和乳化剂)的处理作为空白对照。
饲养和观察:将处理的试虫置于(25±2)℃,相对湿度70%左右,光周期L:D=16h:8h的条件下饲养和观察。
检查:处理后48h检查试虫的死亡情况,分别记录总虫数和死虫数。
数据统计和分析:
根据调查数据,计算各处理的校正死亡率。按公式(1)和(2)计算,计算结果均保留到小数点后两位:
式中:
P——死亡率,单位为百分数(%);
K——死亡虫数,单位为头;
N——处理总虫数,单位为头。
式中:
P1——校正死亡率,单位为百分数(%);
Pt——处理死亡率,单位为百分数(%);
P0——空白对照死亡率,单位为百分数(%)。
若对照死亡率<5%,无需校正;对照死亡率在5%~20%之间,应按照公式(2)进行校正;对照死亡率>20%,试验需重做。
用DPS软件进行分析,求出毒力回归线、LC50值及相关系数,评价供试药剂对生物试材的活性。
混剂的共毒系数(CTC值)按式(3)、式(4)、式(5)计算:
式中:
ATI——混剂实测毒力指数;
S——标准杀虫剂的LC50,单位为毫克每升(mg/L);
M——混剂的LC50,单位为毫克每升(mg/L)。
TTI=TIA*PA+TIB*PB...........(4)
式中:
TTI——混剂理论毒力指数;
TIA——A药剂毒力指数;
PA——A药剂在混剂中的百分含量,单位为百分率(%);
TIB——B药剂毒力指数;
PB——B药剂在混剂中的百分含量,单位为百分率(%)。
式中:
CTC——共毒系数;
ATI——混剂实测毒力指数;
TTI——混剂理论毒力指数。
复配的共毒系数CTC≥120表现为增效作用;CTC≤80表现为拮抗作用;80<CTC<120表现为相加作用。室内生测试验结果见下表:
表1式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺复配对甜菜夜蛾室内生测试验结果
由表1室内对甜菜夜蛾的生测试验结果显示,式I化合物对甜菜夜蛾具有较好的活性,其LC50为0.0995mg·L-1。式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺的质量比在1:50~15:1的范围时,其共毒系数大于120,联合作用表现为增效作用;式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺的质量比在1:35~3:1的范围内,其共毒系数大于130,增效作用明显。式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺的质量比为1:3,其共毒系数最大,为167.872。
实施例2:式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺复配对水稻二化螟室内生测试验
试验依据:试验参考NY/T 1154.10-2008《农药室内生物测定试验准则杀虫剂第10部分:人工饲料混药法》;NY/T 1154.7-2006《农药室内生物测定试验准则杀虫剂第7部分:混配的联合作用测定》。
试验靶标:水稻二化螟(Chilo suppressalis Walker),选择室内饲养、生理状态一致的二龄试虫。
试验药剂:95%氟氯虫双酰胺、92%式I化合物原药,以上药剂均由海利尔药业集团研发中心提供。
药剂配制:分别配制单剂母液,并根据混配目的、药剂活性设计合适的配比,各单剂及每组配比混剂按照等比的方法配置5个系列质量浓度。
药剂处理:将等量稀释好的药液均匀混入已经制作好的人工饲料中,趁热分别倒入12孔板冷却备用,每孔接入1头试虫,每个处理重复4次,每个重复20头试虫,并设不含药剂(含有机溶剂)的处理作空白对照。
饲养与观察:处理后的试虫置于温度为(25±1)℃、相对湿度为60%~80%、光周期为L:D=(16:8)h的条件下饲养和观察。
检查:处理后48h检查试虫死亡情况,分别记录总虫数和死虫数。
数据统计和分析:
根据调查数据,计算各处理的校正死亡率。按公式(1)和(2)计算,计算结果均保留到小数点后两位:
式中:
P——死亡率,单位为百分数(%);
K——死亡虫数,单位为头;
N——处理总虫数,单位为头。
式中:
P1——校正死亡率,单位为百分数(%);
Pt——处理死亡率,单位为百分数(%);
P0——空白对照死亡率,单位为百分数(%)。
若对照死亡率<5%,无需校正;对照死亡率在5%~20%之间,应按照公式(2)进行校正;对照死亡率>20%,试验需重做。
用DPS软件进行分析,求出毒力回归线、LC50值及相关系数,评价供试药剂对生物试材的活性。
混剂的共毒系数(CTC值)按式(3)、式(4)、式(5)计算:
式中:
ATI——混剂实测毒力指数;
S——标准杀虫剂的LC50,单位为毫克每升(mg/L);
M——混剂的LC50,单位为毫克每升(mg/L)。
TTI=TIA*PA+TIB*PB...........(4)
式中:
TTI——混剂理论毒力指数;
TIA——A药剂毒力指数;
PA——A药剂在混剂中的百分含量,单位为百分率(%);
TIB——B药剂毒力指数;
PB——B药剂在混剂中的百分含量,单位为百分率(%)。
式中:
CTC——共毒系数;
ATI——混剂实测毒力指数;
TTI——混剂理论毒力指数。
复配的共毒系数CTC≥120表现为增效作用;CTC≤80表现为拮抗作用;80<CTC<120表现为相加作用。
室内生测试验结果见下表:
表2式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺复配对水稻二化螟室内生测试验结果
由表2试验结果可以看出,氟氯虫双酰胺与式I化合物均对水稻二化螟具有较好的活性,LC50分别为1.0044mg·L-1、1.7871mg·L-1。式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺的质量比在1:30~35:1的范围时,其共毒系数大于120,联合作用表现为增效作用;式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺的质量比在1:15~5:1的范围内,其共毒系数大于130,增效作用明显。式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺的质量比为1:1,其共毒系数最大,为175.950。
田间药效试验
实施例3:式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺复配对甜菜夜蛾田间药效试验
试验依据:试验参照GB/T 17980.13-2000《农药田间药效试验准则(一)杀虫剂防治十字花科蔬菜的鳞翅目幼虫》。
试验靶标:甜菜夜蛾(Spodoptera exigua Hübner)。
试验作物:甘蓝(惠丰3号)。
试验地点:山东省肥城市新城镇甘蓝田,试验地土壤为砂壤土,土壤肥力中等。所有试验小区的栽培条件均匀一致且与符合当地的农业栽培实践。
试验小区:试验小区面积30m2,每个处理重复4次。
施药时间:试验于2019年9月23日进行施药,此时甘蓝长势良好,正处于莲座期,试验共施药1次。采用工农-16型背负式喷雾器进行施药,每亩用药量为45L,喷雾时使甘蓝叶片均匀受药。施药期间正值甜菜夜蛾危害期,害虫危害程度相对一致。
调查方法:每小区对角线5点取样,每点调查4株,每小区总计调查20株,施药前调查虫口基数,施药后3d、10d调查每小区20株甘蓝上的活虫数,调查整个植株,计算虫口减退率和防治效果。
药效计算方法:
田间药效试验结果见下表:
表3式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺复配对甜菜夜蛾田间药效试验结果
从表3可以看出,本发明的式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺复配制剂对甘蓝甜菜夜蛾具有较好的防治效果,12%式I化合物·氟氯虫双酰胺水乳剂(2:1)、36%式I化合物·氟氯虫双酰胺可湿性粉剂(1:5)、32%式I化合物·氟氯虫双酰胺水分散粒剂(1:3)处理组在药后3d的防治效果均超过79.51%,表现出良好的速效性;药后10d,式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺在质量比为1:3时,防治效果最好,达到97.33%。
安全性调查:试验期间通过不定期观察显示,所有试验药剂未对甘蓝生长有不良影响,未发现对其他非靶标生物有影响。
实施例4:式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺复配对水稻二化螟田间药效试验
试验依据:试验参照GB/T 17980.1-2000《农药田间药效试验准则(一)杀虫剂防治水稻鳞翅目钻蛀性害虫》。
试验靶标:水稻二化螟(Chilo suppressalis Walker)。
试验作物:水稻。
试验地点:湖北省黄冈市黄州区沙子岗村水稻田,试验地水肥及栽培条件均匀一致,试验地为中壤土,试验期间田间保持浅水层。
施药时间:试验于2021年7月下旬进行施药1次,采用工农-16型背负式喷雾器对水稻进行整株均匀喷雾施药。施药当天及药后3d内无降雨,每亩施药量为30L。
调查方法:试验于药后10d、20d进行调查。采用平行跳跃式取样,每小区5点取样,每点调查5丛,每小区调查25丛水稻。调查统计枯心率,计算防治效果。
药效计算方法:
田间药效试验结果见下表:
表4式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺复配对水稻二化螟田间药效试验结果
由表4田间药效试验结果显示,药后10d,各复配制剂处理防效均在87%以上,枯心率较低。在降低用药量的情况下,各个复配制剂处理组防效均优于单剂。
安全性调查:经过长期观察,在试验过程中各个处理组均未发现水稻叶色、株高等生理指标有明显差异,表明各个试验处理药剂对水稻安全。
综上所述,通过室内毒力测定和田间药效试验,可以看出本发明的杀虫组合物对靶标害虫有很好的防治效果,且对作物安全,防效显著,在延缓抗药性的产生、延长持效性方面均优于单剂,能够有效降低成本,减少药剂残留。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的,因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (10)
2.根据权利要求1所述的杀虫组合物,其特征在于,所述的式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺的质量比为1:30~35:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的杀虫组合物,其特征在于,所述的式I化合物与氟氯虫双酰胺的质量比为1:15~15:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的杀虫组合物,其特征在于,以所述杀虫组合物的总重量为100wt%计,所述氟氯虫双酰胺和式I所示的化合物在杀虫组合物中的含量之和为0.1~95wt%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的杀虫组合物,其特征在于,所述杀虫组合物还包括辅助剂,所述辅助剂选自润湿剂、分散剂、乳化剂、增稠剂、崩解剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、溶剂、防腐剂、稳定剂、增效剂和载体中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的杀虫组合物,其特征在于,所述杀虫组合物能够制备农业上可接受的任意一种制剂剂型,所述的制剂剂型为固体制剂、液体制剂和/或种子处理制剂;
所述的固体制剂包括粉剂、颗粒剂、球剂、片剂、条剂、可湿性粉剂、油分散粉剂、乳粉剂、水分散粒剂、乳粒剂、水分散片剂、可溶粉剂、可溶片剂或可溶粒剂;
所述的液体制剂包括可溶液剂、可溶胶剂、油剂、展膜油剂、乳油、乳胶、可分散液剂、膏剂、水乳剂、油乳剂、微乳剂、脂剂悬浮剂、微囊悬浮剂、油悬浮剂、可分散油悬浮剂、悬乳剂、微囊悬浮-悬浮剂、微囊悬浮-水乳剂或微囊悬浮-悬乳剂;
所述的种子处理制剂包括种子处理干粉剂、种子处理可分散粉剂、种子处理液剂、种子处理乳剂或种子处理悬浮剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的杀虫组合物,其特征在于,所述的制剂剂型为液体制剂和/或固体制剂,所述的液体制剂为悬浮剂和/或水乳剂,所述的固体制剂为可湿性粉剂和/或水分散粒剂。
8.如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的杀虫组合物和/或制剂用于预防或控制农业、林业、园艺害虫的用途。
9.如权利要求8所述的用途,其特征在于,所述害虫为鞘翅目(Coleoptera)、缨翅目(Thysanoptera)、鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)、半翅目(Hemiptera)、双翅目(Diptera)害虫;
优选的,所述的害虫为鳞翅目害虫,所述的鳞翅目害虫为甜菜夜蛾和/或水稻二化螟。
10.如权利要求8所述的用途,其特征在于,所述杀虫组合物和/或制剂以有效剂量施于需要控制的害虫或其生长的介质上。
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