CN114868581A - Forest tending and felling residue treatment method - Google Patents
Forest tending and felling residue treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114868581A CN114868581A CN202210552182.8A CN202210552182A CN114868581A CN 114868581 A CN114868581 A CN 114868581A CN 202210552182 A CN202210552182 A CN 202210552182A CN 114868581 A CN114868581 A CN 114868581A
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a forest tending and felling remainder processing method, and relates to the technical field of forest tending. A forest tending and felling residue processing method comprises the following steps: collecting and crushing residues obtained after forest tending and felling, and intensively storing; spraying water, fire retardant and degrading agent to the crushed residue, spreading in forest land, and coating film. By spraying the degradation agent, the decomposition efficiency of the residues can be improved, and the effects of improving soil, enhancing soil fertility and promoting nutrient circulation of the forest land are achieved; the residues are retained in a flat-laid mode, so that the soil permeability can be effectively improved, the water and soil loss can be prevented, meanwhile, the nutrient circulation can be promoted through decomposition, the soil fertility of the forest area can be improved, and the production and development of the forest can be promoted; the whole method is simple in flow, the flammability of the residues can be effectively reduced, the decomposition efficiency of the residues is improved, the forest maintenance effect can be improved, the economic cost of residue treatment can be saved, and the practical value is high.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of forest tending, in particular to a method for processing forest tending and felling residues.
Background
The forest tending and harvesting is a technical measure for periodically and repeatedly cutting off part of forest trees of an immature forest during the period from the closing of the forest stand to the main cutting, creating better growth environmental conditions for the reserved forest trees and simultaneously obtaining part of used materials. Also called intermediate harvesting, called intermediate harvesting for short. And (3) forest culture measures for periodically harvesting part of trees from the canopy closure of the young forest to the stage one before the main felling of the mature forest. Also called tending intermediate cutting and intermediate harvesting, which is called intermediate cutting for short. The method mainly aims to ensure the dominant status of target tree species and excellent trees, improve the quality of forest stands, improve the quality, shorten the period, enhance the protection effect and better exert the economic, ecological and social benefits of forests. Therefore, a large amount of medium and small diameter wood can be provided, so that the method is also a means for intermediate utilization. Tending and harvesting have double meanings, and the method is not only a measure for cultivating the forest, but also a means for obtaining partial wood. But the emphasis is on forest cultivation. Different types of forests and different periods of tending and felling have different purposes and tasks.
In the process of tending and felling in the forest, a large amount of residues such as barks, roots, leaves and the like can be generated, if the residues are not processed in time, the resource waste can be caused, and the potential safety hazard can be easily brought.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a forest tending and felling remainder processing method, which can effectively process remnants, reduce the flammability of the remnants, improve the degradation efficiency of the remnants, and improve the resource utilization rate while reducing the potential safety hazard.
The technical problem to be solved by the application is solved by adopting the following technical scheme.
The embodiment of the application provides a forest tending and felling remainder processing method, which comprises the following steps:
collecting and crushing residues obtained after forest tending and felling, and intensively storing;
spraying water, fire retardant and degrading agent to the crushed residue, spreading in forest land, and coating film.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the particle size of the pulverized residue is 0.1 to 0.8 cm.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, water is sprayed to a moisture content of 30-60%.
Further, in some embodiments herein, the flame retardant is a BL flame retardant in a concentration of 10 to 30 wt%.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the degradation agent includes an EM bacterial agent, wood vinegar, and urea.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the EM microbial inoculum is diluted 500-fold and 1000-fold.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the volume ratio of the EM inoculum to the remainder is (500- > 700): 1.
further, in some embodiments of the present application, the wood vinegar solution is diluted 400-fold and 800-fold.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the urea spray concentration is 5-8kg/m 3 。
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the membrane is provided with a plurality of through holes.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
in view of the above, the embodiment of the application provides a method for processing forest tending and felling residues, which comprises the following steps:
collecting and crushing residues obtained after forest tending and felling, and intensively storing;
spraying water, fire retardant and degrading agent to the crushed residue, spreading in forest land, and coating film.
The method for treating the forest tending and felling residues comprises the steps of firstly collecting various residues such as barks, roots, leaves, shrubs, branches and tips and the like generated in the forest tending and felling process, and then crushing the residues; the residue can be decomposed more quickly by crushing, and the release of nutrients of the subsequent residue is promoted, so that the soil fertility is improved, and the resource utilization rate is improved. Collecting the crushed residues, and spraying water, a flame retardant and a degrading agent to the residues; the residues such as branches and leaves are mostly inflammable substances, and by spraying water and a flame retardant, the flammability of the residues can be effectively reduced, and the residues are prevented from being burnt and ignited due to other factors in the subsequent tiling and decomposition process, so that the potential safety hazard is reduced, and the occurrence of accidents is avoided; and by spraying the degradation agent, the decomposition efficiency of the residues can be improved, the residues can be decomposed more quickly and nutrients can be released, so that the effects of improving soil, enhancing soil fertility and promoting nutrient circulation of the forest land are achieved, and the production and economic benefits are good. And finally, the remainder is paved on a forest land and is subjected to film covering treatment, the remainder is reserved in a tiled mode, the soil permeability can be effectively improved, water and soil loss is prevented, meanwhile, the nutrient circulation can be promoted through decomposition, the soil fertility of a forest area is improved, and the production and development of forest trees are promoted. The method is simple in process, can effectively reduce the flammability of the residues, improves the decomposition efficiency of the residues, can improve the forest maintenance effect, can save the economic cost of residue treatment, and has high practical value.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
The embodiment of the application provides a forest tending and felling remainder processing method, which comprises the following steps:
collecting and crushing residues obtained after forest tending and felling, and intensively storing;
spraying water, fire retardant and degrading agent to the crushed residue, spreading in forest land, and coating film.
In the above embodiment, firstly, various residues such as barks, roots, leaves, shrubs, branches and tips generated in the forest tending and cutting process are collected, and then the residues are crushed; the residue can be decomposed more quickly by crushing, and the release of nutrients of the subsequent residue is promoted, so that the soil fertility is improved, and the resource utilization rate is improved. Collecting the crushed residues, and spraying water, a flame retardant and a degrading agent to the residues; the residues such as branches and leaves are mostly inflammable substances, and by spraying water and a flame retardant, the flammability of the residues can be effectively reduced, and the residues are prevented from being burnt and ignited due to other factors in the subsequent tiling and decomposition process, so that the potential safety hazard is reduced, and the occurrence of accidents is avoided; and by spraying the degradation agent, the decomposition efficiency of the residues can be improved, the residues can be decomposed more quickly and nutrients can be released, so that the effects of improving soil, enhancing soil fertility and promoting nutrient circulation of the forest land are achieved, and the production and economic benefits are good. And finally, the remainder is paved on a forest land and is subjected to film covering treatment, the remainder is reserved in a tiled mode, the soil permeability can be effectively improved, water and soil loss is prevented, meanwhile, the nutrient circulation can be promoted through decomposition, the soil fertility of a forest area is improved, and the production and development of forest trees are promoted. The method is simple in process, can effectively reduce the flammability of the residues, improves the decomposition efficiency of the residues, can improve the forest maintenance effect, can save the economic cost of residue treatment, and has high practical value.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the particle size of the pulverized residue is 0.1 to 0.8 cm.
In the embodiment, the remains are crushed, and the particle size of the crushed particles of the remains is controlled, so that the contact area between the remains and the external soil can be effectively increased, and the decomposition of the remains is facilitated, the release of nutrients of the remains is promoted, the return of the nutrients is promoted, the soil fertility is improved, the growth condition of forest trees is improved, and the survival and growth of young forests are facilitated. Meanwhile, the phenomenon that the residues are bonded due to undersize particles after being crushed and are unfavorable for residue decomposition can be avoided.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, water is sprayed to a moisture content of 30-60%.
In the embodiment, the water is sprayed until the water content is 30-60%, so that the residues can be kept moist, the flammability of the residues can be reduced, the decomposition of the residues can be promoted, and the soil environment of the forest area can be improved.
Further, in some embodiments herein, the flame retardant is a BL flame retardant in a concentration of 10 to 30 wt%.
In the embodiment, the BL flame retardant is a specific nitrogen-phosphorus water-based flame retardant, has the advantages of environmental protection, no toxicity, good flame retardance and smoke suppression, good permeability, low cost and the like, and has the principle that the combustion performance of wood is inhibited by changing the thermal decomposition process of the wood through different chemical components so as to prevent the combustion of the wood and the propagation of flame, thereby achieving the effect of delaying or inhibiting the combustion of the wood. Besides, the BL flame retardant also contains some fertilizer effective components, can promote the growth and development of plants to a certain extent while playing a flame retardant effect, is environment-friendly, and cannot damage the ecological environment. Meanwhile, the BL flame retardant is used, so that the flammability of forest tending and felling residues can be effectively reduced, and the forest tending and felling residue reducing agent is safer and more effective to use and is green and environment-friendly.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned degradation agent includes an EM inoculant, pyroligneous acid, and urea.
In the above embodiment, the EM bacterium is a microbial preparation compounded by a plurality of microorganisms mainly including photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes, which can effectively promote the decomposition of the residue; the wood vinegar which is widely applied to soil improvement is added, and urea is added to serve as a nitrogen source, so that the decomposition of residues can be further promoted, the soil fertility can be improved, the growth of forest trees can be promoted, and the wood vinegar is safe, environment-friendly and more beneficial to use. The microbial inoculum is widely applied to compost, the enzymatic activity can be improved, the decomposition of the residues is promoted, in the process, a nitrogen source is an important factor capable of influencing the number population of microorganisms, and the residues can be effectively promoted to be decomposed by the microorganisms by adding a proper amount of urea as the nitrogen source and matching with an EM microbial inoculum; the wood vinegar is an acidic liquid with complex components, can be used as a soil bactericide, a plant growth promoter and an odor scavenger, and can provide a suitable working environment for an EM microbial inoculum by matching with urea, so that the activity of microorganisms is improved, and the decomposition efficiency is further enhanced; meanwhile, the wood vinegar and the urea can provide nutrition and enhance soil fertility, so that growth and development of the forest are promoted, and the forest tending is facilitated. It should be noted that, when the above degradation agent is added, the wood vinegar and urea are added, and then the EM microbial inoculum is added, so as to better decompose the remainder by microorganisms.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the EM microbial inoculum is diluted 500-fold and 1000-fold.
In the embodiment, the EM microbial inoculum is diluted, so that the EM microbial inoculum can better exert the effect, the residue decomposition efficiency is favorably further improved, the nutrient circulation of forest regions is promoted, and the forest tending is favorably carried out.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the volume ratio of the EM inoculum to the remainder is (500- > 700): 1.
in the embodiment, the addition amount of the EM microbial inoculum is controlled, so that the EM microbial inoculum can exert the effect, the decomposition efficiency of the remainder is further improved by matching with other medicaments, the treatment cost of the remainder is controlled, and the use is facilitated.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the wood vinegar solution is diluted 400-fold and 800-fold.
In the embodiment, the wood vinegar can better exert the effect by diluting the wood vinegar, and when being matched with other medicaments, the wood vinegar can promote the decomposition of residues, improve the soil quality of forest regions, enhance the soil fertility and promote the growth of forest trees.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the urea spray concentration is 5-8kg/m 3 The spraying concentration of the wood vinegar liquid is 150- 3 。
In the above examples, the amount of the active ingredient is adjusted to 5-8kg/m 3 The spraying concentration of the spraying agent is that the spraying agent is used as a nitrogen source and is 150-300ml/m 3 The spraying concentration of the wood vinegar liquid can promote the decomposition of the remainder by the microorganism and can also supplement the soil fertility, thereby further promoting the growth of the forest and being more beneficial to the forestThe forest fostering is carried out, and the survival rate of young forests is improved.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the membrane is provided with a plurality of through holes.
In the above-mentioned embodiment, through laying the membrane that has a plurality of through-holes, when can guaranteeing that remainder and various medicaments that add can normally carry out the material exchange with the external world, more be favorable to the inside decomposition of rotting of remainder, also can completely cut off outside risk factor to a certain extent simultaneously, reduce the potential safety hazard.
The features and properties of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for processing forest tending and felling residues, which comprises the following steps:
collecting residues obtained after forest tending and felling, crushing the residues into particles with the particle size of 0.1cm, and collecting the particles in a centralized manner;
spraying water to the crushed remainder until the water content is 40%, spraying a BL flame retardant with the concentration of 12 wt%, spraying a degradation agent, paving the mixture on a forest land, and performing film covering treatment; wherein the degradation agent comprises an EM microbial inoculum with the dilution multiple of 800 times, pyroligneous liquor with the dilution multiple of 800 times and urea, and the volume ratio of the EM microbial inoculum to the remainder is 550: 1, the spraying concentration of the urea is 5kg/m 3 The spraying concentration of the wood vinegar liquid is 200ml/m 3 。
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for processing forest tending and felling residues, which comprises the following steps:
collecting residues obtained after forest tending and felling, crushing the residues into particles with the particle size of 0.3cm, and collecting the particles in a centralized manner;
spraying water to the crushed residues until the water content is 40%, spraying a BL flame retardant with the concentration of 15 wt%, spraying a degradation agent, paving the films on forest lands, and performing film covering treatment; wherein the degradation agent comprises an EM microbial inoculum with the dilution multiple of 600 times, pyroligneous liquor with the dilution multiple of 500 times and urea, and the volume ratio of the EM microbial inoculum to the remainder is 500: 1, the spraying concentration of the urea is 5.5kg/m 3 The spraying concentration of the wood vinegar liquid is150ml/m 3 。
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for processing forest tending and felling residues, which comprises the following steps:
collecting residues obtained after forest tending and felling, crushing the residues into particles with the particle size of 0.5cm, and collecting the particles in a centralized manner;
spraying water to the crushed residues until the water content is 45%, spraying a BL flame retardant with the concentration of 20 wt%, spraying a degradation agent, paving the films on forest lands, and performing film covering treatment; wherein the degradation agent comprises an EM microbial inoculum with the dilution multiple of 800 times, pyroligneous liquor with the dilution multiple of 600 times and urea, and the volume ratio of the EM microbial inoculum to the remainder is 550: 1, the spraying concentration of the urea is 6kg/m 3 The spraying concentration of the wood vinegar liquid is 220ml/m 3 。
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for processing forest tending and felling residues, which comprises the following steps:
collecting residues obtained after forest tending and felling, crushing the residues into particles with the particle size of 0.8cm, and collecting the particles in a centralized manner;
spraying water to the crushed residues until the water content is 55%, spraying a BL flame retardant with the concentration of 30 wt%, spraying a degradation agent, paving the residues on a forest land, and performing film covering treatment; wherein the degradation agent comprises an EM microbial inoculum with the dilution multiple of 1000 times, pyroligneous liquor with the dilution multiple of 600 times and urea, and the volume ratio of the EM microbial inoculum to the remainder is 700: 1, the spraying concentration of the urea is 6.5kg/m 3 The spraying concentration of the wood vinegar liquid is 180ml/m 3 。
Example 5
The embodiment provides a method for processing forest tending and felling residues, which comprises the following steps:
collecting residues obtained after forest tending and felling, crushing the residues into particles with the particle size of 0.6cm, and collecting the particles in a centralized manner;
spraying water to the crushed residues until the water content is 60%, spraying a BL flame retardant with the concentration of 20 wt%, spraying a degradation agent, paving the films on forest lands, and performing film covering treatment; wherein the degradation agent comprises EM microbial inoculum with the dilution multiple of 700 times and dilution multiple500 times of pyroligneous liquor and urea, wherein the volume ratio of the EM microbial inoculum to the remainder is 600: 1, the spraying concentration of the urea is 6kg/m 3 The spraying concentration of the wood vinegar liquid is 300ml/m 3 。
Example 6
The embodiment provides a method for processing forest tending and felling residues, which comprises the following steps:
collecting residues obtained after forest tending and felling, crushing the residues into particles with the particle size of 0.5cm, and collecting the particles in a centralized manner;
spraying water to the crushed residues until the water content is 45%, spraying a BL flame retardant with the concentration of 15 wt%, spraying a degradation agent, paving the films on forest lands, and performing film covering treatment; wherein the degradation agent comprises an EM microbial inoculum with the dilution multiple of 800 times, pyroligneous liquor with the dilution multiple of 500 times and urea, and the volume ratio of the EM microbial inoculum to the remainder is 700: 1, the spraying concentration of the urea is 5kg/m 3 The spraying concentration of the wood vinegar liquid is 200ml/m 3 。
Example 7
The embodiment provides a method for processing forest tending and felling residues, which comprises the following steps:
collecting residues obtained after forest tending and felling, crushing the residues into particles with the particle size of 0.5cm, and collecting the particles in a centralized manner;
spraying water to the crushed residues until the water content is 55%, spraying a BL flame retardant with the concentration of 20 wt%, spraying a degradation agent, paving the films on forest lands, and performing film covering treatment; wherein the degradation agent comprises EM microbial inoculum with the dilution multiple of 500 times, pyroligneous liquor with the dilution multiple of 700 times and urea, and the volume ratio of the EM microbial inoculum to the remainder is 600: 1, the spraying concentration of the urea is 6kg/m 3 The spraying concentration of the wood vinegar liquid is 250ml/m 3 。
Example 8
The embodiment provides a method for processing forest tending and felling residues, which comprises the following steps:
collecting residues obtained after forest tending and felling, crushing the residues into particles with the particle size of 0.8cm, and collecting the particles in a centralized manner;
spraying water to the pulverized residue until the water content is 50% and the spraying concentration is 15 wt%BL fire retardant, spraying degradation agent, spreading on forest land, and film covering; wherein the degradation agent comprises an EM microbial inoculum with the dilution multiple of 600 times, pyroligneous liquor with the dilution multiple of 400 times and urea, and the volume ratio of the EM microbial inoculum to the remainder is 600: 1, the spraying concentration of the urea is 6.8kg/m 3 The spraying concentration of the wood vinegar liquid is 180ml/m 3 。
Example 9
The embodiment provides a method for processing forest tending and felling residues, which comprises the following steps:
collecting residues obtained after forest tending and felling, crushing the residues into particles with the particle size of 0.2cm, and collecting the particles in a centralized manner;
spraying water to the crushed residues until the water content is 60%, spraying a BL flame retardant with the concentration of 25 wt%, spraying a degradation agent, paving the films on forest lands, and performing film covering treatment; wherein the degradation agent comprises an EM microbial inoculum with the dilution multiple of 800 times, pyroligneous liquor with the dilution multiple of 500 times and urea, and the volume ratio of the EM microbial inoculum to the remainder is 600: 1, the spraying concentration of the urea is 7kg/m 3 The spraying concentration of the wood vinegar liquid is 300ml/m 3 。
Example 10
The embodiment provides a method for processing forest tending and felling residues, which comprises the following steps:
collecting residues obtained after forest tending and felling, crushing the residues into particles with the particle size of 0.5cm, and collecting the particles in a centralized manner;
spraying water to the crushed residues until the water content is 60%, spraying a BL flame retardant with the concentration of 20 wt%, spraying a degradation agent, paving the films on forest lands, and performing film covering treatment; wherein the degradation agent comprises an EM microbial inoculum with the dilution multiple of 700 times, pyroligneous liquor with the dilution multiple of 500 times and urea, and the volume ratio of the EM microbial inoculum to the remainder is 600: 1, the spraying concentration of the urea is 5kg/m 3 The spraying concentration of the wood vinegar liquid is 150ml/m 3 。
Comparative example 1
The difference compared to example 7 is that no wood vinegar was added.
Comparative example 2
The difference compared to example 7 is that no urea is added.
Comparative example 3
The difference compared to example 7 is that no wood vinegar and urea were added.
Test examples
Collecting residues such as branches, fallen leaves, roots and barks generated by garden tending and cutting, dividing the residues into 4 groups, wherein 10g of the residues in each group are crushed and sprayed with medicaments to be treated according to the methods in the embodiment 7 and the comparative examples 1-3 respectively, taking the residues as a test group and a control group 1-3, repeatedly treating each group for 3 times, and respectively filling the residues into decomposition bags; placing the decomposition bag containing the treated residue in garden, recovering the decomposition bag after 5 months, and collecting the residue according to formula V ═ M 0 -M)/M 0 X 100% calculating the decomposition rate of the residue, wherein M 0 The original mass is 10g, M is the residual mass in the subsequently collected decomposition bag, and V is the decomposition rate. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
According to results, the decomposition efficiency of the residue is highest by simultaneously adding the EM microbial inoculum, the wood vinegar and the urea; the decomposition efficiency of only adding the urea and the EM microbial inoculum is higher than that of only adding the EM microbial inoculum and the pyroligneous liquor, and the decomposition efficiency of only adding the EM microbial inoculum is the worst. Therefore, the EM microbial inoculum, the wood vinegar and the urea are added simultaneously and are matched with each other, so that the best residue decomposition effect can be obtained.
In summary, according to the method for processing the forest tending and felling residues provided by the embodiment of the application, firstly, various residues such as barks, roots, leaves, shrubs, branches and tips and the like generated in the forest tending and felling process are collected, and then the residues are crushed; the residue can be decomposed more quickly by crushing, and the release of nutrients of the subsequent residue is promoted, so that the soil fertility is improved, and the resource utilization rate is improved. Collecting the crushed residues, and spraying water, a flame retardant and a degrading agent to the residues; the residues such as branches and leaves are mostly inflammable substances, and by spraying water and a flame retardant, the flammability of the residues can be effectively reduced, and the residues are prevented from being burnt and ignited due to other factors in the subsequent tiling and decomposition process, so that the potential safety hazard is reduced, and the occurrence of accidents is avoided; and by spraying the degradation agent, the decomposition efficiency of the residues can be improved, the residues can be decomposed more quickly and nutrients can be released, so that the effects of improving soil, enhancing soil fertility and promoting nutrient circulation of the forest land are achieved, and the production and economic benefits are good. And finally, the remainder is paved on a forest land and is subjected to film covering treatment, the remainder is reserved in a tiled mode, the soil permeability can be effectively improved, water and soil loss is prevented, meanwhile, the nutrient circulation can be promoted through decomposition, the soil fertility of a forest area is improved, and the production and development of forest trees are promoted. The method is simple in process, can effectively reduce the flammability of the residues, improves the decomposition efficiency of the residues, can improve the forest maintenance effect, can save the economic cost of residue treatment, and has high practical value.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A forest tending and felling remainder processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting and crushing residues obtained after forest tending and felling, and intensively storing;
spraying water, fire retardant and degrading agent to the crushed residue, spreading in forest land, and coating film.
2. The method for treating the forest tending and felling residues according to claim 1, wherein the grain size of the crushed residues is 0.1-0.8 cm.
3. The method for treating the forest tending and felling residues according to claim 1, wherein water is sprayed until the water content is 30-60%.
4. The method for treating the forest tending and harvesting residues according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is a BL flame retardant, and the concentration of the BL flame retardant is 10-30 wt%.
5. The method for treating forest tending and felling residues according to claim 1, wherein the degradation agent comprises EM fungicide, pyroligneous liquor and urea.
6. The method for treating the forest tending and felling remainder as claimed in claim 5, wherein the EM fungicide is diluted by 500-fold and 1000-fold.
7. The method for treating the forest tending and felling remainder as claimed in claim 5, wherein the volume ratio of the EM microbial inoculum to the remainder is (500- > 700): 1.
8. the method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the wood vinegar solution is diluted by 400-800 times.
9. The method for treating the forest tending and felling residues according to claim 5, wherein the urea spraying concentration is 5-8kg/m 3 The spraying concentration of the wood vinegar liquid is 150- 3 。
10. The method for treating forest tending and harvesting residues according to claim 1, wherein the film is provided with a plurality of through holes.
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