CN114868483B - Construction method for improving and repairing garden planting soil - Google Patents
Construction method for improving and repairing garden planting soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114868483B CN114868483B CN202210602704.0A CN202210602704A CN114868483B CN 114868483 B CN114868483 B CN 114868483B CN 202210602704 A CN202210602704 A CN 202210602704A CN 114868483 B CN114868483 B CN 114868483B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 235000011437 Amygdalus communis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 235000020224 almond Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000144725 Amygdalus communis Species 0.000 claims description 84
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical group CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 29
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000220304 Prunus dulcis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000018633 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009827 Prunus armeniaca Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000001889 Acid-Base Imbalance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a construction method for improving and repairing garden planting soil, which belongs to the field of garden repair and comprises the following steps: excavating soil on the upper layer of a soil area to be repaired, and mixing the excavated soil with an improver to obtain pre-improved soil; mixing and stirring the pre-improved soil and water to obtain improved soil slurry; pouring the improved soil slurry back to the soil area to be repaired, and ploughing the soil to finish construction; the preparation method of the modifier comprises the following steps: adding maltodextrin-agar slurry into a polar organic solvent, stirring and mixing, adding almond shell carbon, heating, dispersing at high speed, centrifuging and separating to obtain maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres, soaking the maltodextrin-agar microspheres into a soil enzyme preparation, taking out to obtain enzyme modified microspheres, adding the enzyme modified microspheres into attapulgite, mixing, sieving, and drying the residues to obtain the modifier. The application has the advantage of improving the improvement and restoration effect of planting soil.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of garden restoration, in particular to a construction method for improving and restoring garden planting soil.
Background
The improvement and repair of gardens is one of basic processes of garden design and construction, and the concept of gardens is continuously popularized nowadays, more and more places are used for constructing gardens, and due to pollution of construction places, various problems of garden improvement and repair, such as heavy metal problems, acid-base imbalance problems, low fertility problems and the like of planting soil in construction places, are faced in garden construction.
The heavy metal problem is the most frequently encountered problem during garden construction, and excessive heavy metals such as Cd, pb and Cr in soil can influence the survival rate and the growth condition of flowers and plants and trees, and then influence the landscape of gardens, and in addition, the heavy metal problem can also lead to ecological system unbalance of gardens, has restricted the sustainable development of gardens, can also produce adverse effect to resident or the passer-by that gets into gardens, and consequently improvement and restoration are very critical to garden planting soil.
One of the repairing construction modes of the heavy metal in the soil is to add biochar, and the biochar is utilized to interact with the heavy metal in the soil to play a role in fixing the heavy metal, so that the connection between the heavy metal and soil particles is reduced; however, in the actual construction process, excessive biochar is added in the early stage of the restoration, the composition of the soil is influenced, the planting effect is influenced, and the effect of fixing heavy metals is not obvious due to the fact that the excessive biochar is added, so that the restoration effect on the soil is still to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the improvement and restoration effect of planting soil, the application provides a construction method for improving and restoring garden planting soil.
The application provides a construction method for improving and repairing garden planting soil, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a construction method for improving and repairing garden planting soil comprises the following steps:
excavating soil on the upper layer of a soil area to be repaired, and mixing the excavated soil with an improver to obtain pre-improved soil;
mixing and stirring the pre-improved soil and water according to the weight ratio of 1 (0.15-0.25) to obtain improved soil slurry;
pouring the improved soil slurry back to the soil area to be repaired, and ploughing the improved soil slurry and the soil together to finish construction;
the preparation method of the modifier comprises the following steps: adding maltodextrin-agar slurry into a polar organic solvent, stirring and mixing, adding almond shell carbon, heating to 50-70 ℃, dispersing at high speed for 20-50 min at 10000-20000 r/min, centrifuging and separating to obtain maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres, soaking the maltodextrin-agar microspheres into a soil enzyme preparation, taking out to obtain enzyme modified microspheres, adding the enzyme modified microspheres into attapulgite, mixing, sieving, and drying the residues to obtain the modifier.
By adopting the technical scheme, the upper soil is pre-improved to obtain the improved soil slurry, so that the mixture of the modifier and more soil to be repaired is facilitated, and the effect of improving and repairing the soil is improved more comprehensively.
The maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres are coated with almond shell carbon, and the almond shell carbon has the advantages of high porosity and large specific surface area, contains various mineral substances and active organic functional groups, has good adsorption and complexation effects on heavy metals in soil, and improves the condition of the heavy metals in the soil; in addition, the almond shell carbon is wrapped by the wall material formed by maltodextrin-agar, so that the almond shell carbon is not in direct contact with soil, but gradually releases almond shell powder in the process of degrading the maltodextrin-agar in the soil, the situation that the addition amount of biochar is too large in the initial stage of soil improvement and restoration is avoided, and the almond shell powder is dispersed in the soil, so that the improvement and restoration effect of planting soil is improved, and excessive almond shell powder is not required to be added, so that the soil is continuously and effectively improved and restored.
The soil enzyme preparation can be used as a biological chelating agent to chelate and fix heavy metals in soil, and is sprayed on the surface of maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres, so that soil enzyme can permeate into maltodextrin-agar wall materials, and the soil enzyme is dispersed in the soil by taking the maltodextrin-agar wall materials as carriers, so that the dispersibility is improved, and the stable existence of the soil enzyme is facilitated.
The attapulgite is adhered to the surfaces of the enzyme modified microspheres, so that the viscosity between the enzyme modified microspheres is reduced, the mutual dispersion of the enzyme modified microspheres is promoted, the attapulgite has good adsorption and ion exchange properties, and has good repairing and improving effects on soil.
Optionally, the weight ratio of the modifier to the excavated soil is 1 (1100-3300).
Optionally, the weight ratio of the maltodextrin-agar slurry to the almond shell charcoal is 100 (30-50).
Optionally, the preparation method of the maltodextrin-agar slurry comprises the following steps: the maltodextrin, the agar, the emulsifying agent and the water are stirred and mixed at 75-90 ℃ to obtain the maltodextrin-agar slurry, wherein the weight ratio of the maltodextrin to the agar to the emulsifying agent to the water is (25-40): 60-70): 15-25): 100.
By adopting the technical scheme, the colloidal slurry taking maltodextrin and agar as main bodies is formed, and the slurry has good encapsulation property, so that the maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres can be formed conveniently.
Optionally, the preparation method of the almond shell charcoal comprises the following steps: cutting almond shell, stirring in ethanol for 15-30 min, filtering to obtain almond shell filter, drying, heating to 450-480 deg.c in oxygen-isolating mode, maintaining for 1-2 hr, cooling and grinding to obtain almond shell charcoal.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ethanol removes the impurities such as fat and the like in the almond shell, and the almond shell can be pyrolyzed and the pyrolysis degree can be controlled by oxygen-isolated heating at 450-480 ℃, so that the almond shell carbon has better heavy metal adsorption performance.
Optionally, the preparation method of the almond shell charcoal comprises the following steps: cutting almond shells, stirring in ethanol for 15-30 min, filtering to obtain almond shell filter bodies, drying, then heating to 160-180 ℃ in an oxygen-isolated mode, preserving heat for 20-30 min, cooling, mixing nano silicon dioxide powder with the heated almond shell filter bodies, grinding, heating to 410-430 ℃ in an oxygen-isolated mode, preserving heat for 1-2 h, and cooling to obtain almond shell carbon, wherein the weight ratio of the almond shells to the nano silicon dioxide powder is 1 (0.12-0.21).
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, combine with nano silicon dioxide powder when apricot kernel shell pyrolysis, improve the adsorption performance of apricot kernel shell charcoal to richen the heavy metal kind of absorption, improve the improvement effect to soil.
Optionally, the preparation method of the soil enzyme preparation comprises the following steps: mixing soil enzyme with water to obtain a soil enzyme preparation, wherein the soil enzyme is urease or catalase, and the weight ratio of the soil enzyme to the water is (1.5-2): 1000.
By adopting the technical scheme, the urease and the catalase both have the effect of complexing heavy metals, so that the concentration of the heavy metals is reduced, and the soil restoration is realized.
Optionally, the preparation method of the soil enzyme preparation comprises the following steps: mixing soil enzyme, carob gum and water to obtain a soil enzyme preparation, wherein the soil enzyme is urease or catalase, and the weight ratio of the soil enzyme to the carob gum to the water is (1.5-2) (8-10) 1000.
By adopting the technical scheme, the carob gum plays a role in thickening a soil enzyme preparation, improves the adhesive force of the soil enzyme in the enzyme improvement microsphere, and can promote the soil enzyme to enter maltodextrin-agar wall materials, and improves the restoration effect of the soil enzyme on the soil.
Optionally, the depth of the soil of the excavated upper layer is 5-15 cm.
Optionally, the polar organic solvent is acetonitrile.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method comprises the steps of pre-improving upper soil to obtain improved soil slurry, and mixing the modifier with more soil to be repaired, so that the effect of improving and repairing the soil is improved more comprehensively; the maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres are coated with almond shell carbon, and the almond shell carbon has good adsorption and complexation effects on heavy metals in soil, so that the condition of the heavy metals in the soil is improved; in addition, the almond shell carbon is wrapped by the wall material formed by maltodextrin-agar, so that the almond shell carbon is not in direct contact with soil, but gradually releases almond shell powder in the process of degrading the maltodextrin-agar in the soil, the situation that the addition amount of biochar is too large in the initial stage of soil improvement and restoration is avoided, and the soil is continuously and effectively improved and restored; the soil enzyme preparation is sprayed on the surface of the maltodextrin-agar coated microsphere, so that the soil enzyme can permeate into the maltodextrin-agar wall material, and the stable existence of the soil enzyme is facilitated; the attapulgite is attached to the surfaces of the enzyme modified microspheres, so that the viscosity among the enzyme modified microspheres is reduced, the mutual dispersion of the enzyme modified microspheres is promoted, and the soil modification and restoration effect is further improved.
2. The nano silicon dioxide powder is added into the almond shell carbon, and the carob bean gum is added into the soil enzyme preparation, so that the modified purification effect on the heavy metals in the Pd, as and Cr soil is more obvious.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below in connection with examples and comparative examples.
Preparation example
Preparation example 1
The preparation method of the maltodextrin-agar slurry comprises the following steps:
2.5kg of maltodextrin, 6kg of agar, 1.5kg of emulsifying agent and 10kg of water are weighed, wherein the emulsifying agent is Tween 80.
Adding maltodextrin, agar, emulsifying agent and water into a stirring kettle, heating the stirring kettle to 75 ℃, stirring and mixing for 30min, and obtaining the maltodextrin-agar slurry after stirring.
Preparation example 2
The preparation method of the maltodextrin-agar slurry comprises the following steps:
weighing maltodextrin 4kg, agar 7kg, emulsifier 2.5kg and water 10kg, wherein the emulsifier is Tween 80.
Adding maltodextrin, agar, emulsifying agent and water into a stirring kettle, heating the stirring kettle to 90 ℃, stirring and mixing for 30min, and obtaining the maltodextrin-agar slurry after stirring.
Preparation example 3
The preparation method of the almond shell charcoal comprises the following steps:
1kg of almond hull and 6kg of ethanol are weighed.
Cutting almond shell, stirring in ethanol for 15min, filtering to obtain almond shell filter, drying in a 50 ℃ oven for 1h, placing the almond shell filter into a high temperature furnace, heating to 450 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, preserving heat for 2h, naturally cooling to room temperature, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain almond shell charcoal.
Preparation example 4
The preparation method of the almond shell charcoal comprises the following steps:
1kg of almond hull and 6kg of ethanol are weighed.
Cutting almond shell, stirring in ethanol for 30min, filtering to obtain almond shell filter, drying in a 50 ℃ oven for 1h, placing the almond shell filter into a high temperature furnace, heating to 480 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, preserving heat for 1h, naturally cooling to room temperature, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain almond shell charcoal.
Preparation example 5
The preparation method of the almond shell charcoal comprises the following steps:
1kg of almond shell, 0.12kg of nano silicon dioxide powder and 6kg of ethanol are weighed, wherein the average particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 80nm.
Cutting almond shell, stirring in ethanol for 15min, filtering to obtain almond shell filter, drying in a 50 ℃ oven for 1h, mixing the almond shell filter with nano silicon dioxide powder, grinding, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, placing the sieved material in a high-temperature furnace, heating to 160 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, preserving heat for 20min, heating to 410 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain almond shell charcoal.
Preparation example 6
The preparation method of the almond shell charcoal comprises the following steps:
1kg of almond shell, 0.12kg of nano silicon dioxide powder and 6kg of ethanol are weighed, wherein the average particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 80nm.
Cutting almond shells, stirring in ethanol for 15min, filtering to obtain almond shell filter bodies, drying in a 50 ℃ oven for 1h, placing the almond shell filter bodies in a high-temperature furnace, heating to 160 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, preserving heat for 20min, naturally cooling to room temperature, mixing nano silicon dioxide powder with the heated almond shell filter bodies, grinding, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, heating the sieving materials to 410 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, preserving heat for 2h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain almond shell charcoal.
Preparation example 7
The preparation method of the almond shell charcoal comprises the following steps:
1kg of almond shell, 0.21kg of nano silicon dioxide powder and 6kg of ethanol are weighed, wherein the average particle size of the nano silicon dioxide is 80nm.
Cutting almond shells, stirring in ethanol for 15min, filtering to obtain almond shell filter bodies, drying in a 50 ℃ oven for 1h, placing the almond shell filter bodies in a high-temperature furnace, heating to 180 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, preserving heat for 30min, naturally cooling to room temperature, mixing nano silicon dioxide powder with the heated almond shell filter bodies, grinding, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, heating the sieving materials to 430 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, preserving heat for 1h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain almond shell charcoal.
Preparation example 8
The preparation method of the soil enzyme preparation comprises the following steps:
15g of soil enzyme and 1kg of water are weighed, wherein the soil enzyme is catalase, and the enzyme activity is 100000U/g.
Mixing the soil enzyme with water to obtain the soil enzyme preparation.
Preparation example 9
The preparation method of the soil enzyme preparation comprises the following steps:
20g of soil enzyme and 1kg of water are weighed, wherein the soil enzyme is catalase, and the enzyme activity is 100000U/g.
Mixing the soil enzyme with water to obtain the soil enzyme preparation.
Preparation example 10
The preparation method of the soil enzyme preparation comprises the following steps:
20g of soil enzyme, 80g of carob gum and 1kg of water are weighed, wherein the soil enzyme is catalase, and the enzyme activity is 100000U/g.
Mixing the soil enzyme, the carob gum and water to obtain the soil enzyme preparation.
PREPARATION EXAMPLE 11
The preparation method of the soil enzyme preparation comprises the following steps:
20g of soil enzyme, 100g of carob gum and 1kg of water are weighed, wherein the soil enzyme is catalase, and the enzyme activity is 100000U/g.
Mixing the soil enzyme, the carob gum and water to obtain the soil enzyme preparation.
Comparative preparation example 1
The preparation method of the straw charcoal comprises the following steps:
1kg of straw and 6kg of ethanol are weighed.
Cutting straw, stirring in ethanol for 15min, filtering to obtain straw filter, drying in a 50 ℃ oven for 1h, placing the straw filter in a high temperature furnace, heating to 450 ℃ under nitrogen atmosphere, preserving heat for 2h, naturally cooling to room temperature, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain straw carbon.
Examples
Example 1
The preparation method of the modifier comprises the following steps:
1kg of maltodextrin-agar slurry prepared in preparation example 1, 2.5kg of acetonitrile and 300g of almond shell charcoal prepared in preparation example 3 were weighed.
Adding maltodextrin-agar slurry into acetonitrile, stirring and mixing, adding almond shell carbon, heating to 50 ℃, dispersing at high speed for 20min at 10000r/min, centrifuging and separating to obtain maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres, washing the maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres with water, soaking the maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres in the soil enzyme preparation prepared in preparation example 8 for 30min, taking out the microspheres to obtain enzyme modified microspheres, adding the enzyme modified microspheres into attapulgite with the average particle size of 0.07mm, enabling the attapulgite to cover the enzyme modified microspheres, mixing for 2min, enabling the surface of the enzyme modified microspheres to be attached with the attapulgite, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, and drying the sieve residues in an oven at 50 ℃ for 1h to obtain the modifier.
The construction method for improving and repairing the garden planting soil comprises the following steps:
defining a soil area to be repaired, excavating the soil on the uppermost layer of the area, wherein the excavation depth of the soil is 5cm, collecting 110kg of excavated soil, and mixing the excavated soil with 0.1kg of modifier to obtain pre-modified soil;
mixing and stirring the pre-improved soil and 16.5kg of water to obtain improved soil slurry;
and pouring the improved soil slurry back to the soil area to be repaired, and ploughing the soil to finish the construction.
Example 2
The preparation method of the modifier comprises the following steps:
1kg of maltodextrin-agar slurry prepared in preparation example 2, 2.5kg of acetonitrile and 500g of almond shell charcoal prepared in preparation example 4 are weighed.
Adding maltodextrin-agar slurry into acetonitrile, stirring and mixing, adding almond shell carbon, heating to 70 ℃, dispersing at a high speed for 50min at 20000r/min, centrifuging and separating to obtain maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres, washing the maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres with water, soaking the maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres in the soil enzyme preparation prepared in preparation example 9 for 30min, taking out the microspheres to obtain enzyme modified microspheres, adding the enzyme modified microspheres into attapulgite with an average particle size of 0.07mm, covering the enzyme modified microspheres with the attapulgite, mixing for 2min, enabling the surface of the enzyme modified microspheres to be attached with the attapulgite, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, and drying the sieve residues in an oven at 50 ℃ for 1h to obtain the modifier.
The construction method for improving and repairing the garden planting soil comprises the following steps:
defining a soil area to be repaired, excavating the soil on the uppermost layer of the area, wherein the excavation depth of the soil is 15cm, collecting 330kg of excavated soil, and mixing the excavated soil with 0.1kg of modifier to obtain pre-modified soil;
mixing and stirring the pre-improved soil and 82.5kg of water to obtain improved soil slurry;
and pouring the improved soil slurry back to the soil area to be repaired, and ploughing the soil to finish the construction.
Example 3
The preparation method of the modifier comprises the following steps:
1kg of maltodextrin-agar slurry prepared in preparation example 1, 2.5kg of acetonitrile and 300g of almond shell charcoal prepared in preparation example 3 were weighed.
Adding maltodextrin-agar slurry into acetonitrile, stirring and mixing, adding almond shell carbon, heating to 50 ℃, dispersing at high speed for 20min at 10000r/min, centrifuging and separating to obtain maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres, washing the maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres with water, soaking the maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres in the soil enzyme preparation prepared in preparation example 8 for 30min, taking out the microspheres to obtain enzyme modified microspheres, adding the enzyme modified microspheres into attapulgite with the average particle size of 0.07mm, enabling the attapulgite to cover the enzyme modified microspheres, mixing for 2min, enabling the surface of the enzyme modified microspheres to be attached with the attapulgite, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, and drying the sieve residues in an oven at 50 ℃ for 1h to obtain the modifier.
The construction method for improving and repairing the garden planting soil comprises the following steps:
defining a soil area to be repaired, excavating the soil on the uppermost layer of the area, wherein the excavation depth of the soil is 10cm, collecting 220kg of excavated soil, and mixing the excavated soil with 0.1kg of modifier to obtain pre-modified soil;
mixing and stirring the pre-improved soil and 44kg of water to obtain improved soil slurry;
and pouring the improved soil slurry back to the soil area to be repaired, and ploughing the soil to finish the construction.
Examples 4 to 8
Examples 4 to 8 differ from example 3 in the sources of the preparation of the ingredients of the modifiers as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The difference between the comparative example and the example 3 is that the modifier of the comparative example is maltodextrin-agar microsphere, and the preparation method of the modifier is as follows:
1kg of maltodextrin-agar slurry prepared in preparation example 1 and 2.5kg of acetonitrile were weighed.
Adding maltodextrin-agar slurry into acetonitrile, stirring and mixing, heating to 50 ℃, dispersing at high speed for 20min at 10000r/min, centrifuging and separating to obtain maltodextrin-agar microspheres, washing the maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres with water, and drying to obtain the modifier.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 3 in that this comparative example does not produce almond shell charcoal, and in the preparation method of the modifier, the almond shell charcoal of preparation example 3 is replaced with the straw charcoal of comparative preparation example 1.
Comparative example 3
The difference between this comparative example and example 3 is that this comparative example does not produce almond shell charcoal, and in the preparation method of the modifier, almond shell charcoal is not added.
Comparative example 4
The difference between this comparative example and example 3 is that maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres were not prepared and that in the preparation method of the modifier, equal amounts of almond shell charcoal were used instead of maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres.
Comparative example 5
The present comparative example is different from example 3 in that the present comparative example does not prepare a soil enzyme preparation, and in the preparation method of the conditioner, maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres are not soaked with the soil enzyme preparation.
Comparative example 6
The difference between this comparative example and example 3 is that in the preparation method of the modifier, attapulgite is not used to mix with the enzyme modified microspheres, and the enzyme modified microspheres are used as the modifier.
Performance test
Before the construction of each example and comparative example, soil samples were selected from the soil areas to be repaired, and the heavy metal (Pd, cd, as, cr) content of the soil samples was measured, and the measurement results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
After the construction of each example and comparative example is completed for 45 days, selecting a soil sample in the restored soil area, measuring the content of heavy metal (Pd, cd, as, cr) in the soil sample, and calculating the heavy metal purification rate, wherein the purification rate calculation formula is as follows: (heavy metal initial content-heavy metal repair content)/heavy metal initial content×100%, and the measurement results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
The heavy metal content determination method is performed by referring to DB 37/T1305-2009 Rapid determination method for digestion of heavy metals in soil.
TABLE 2
TABLE 3 Table 3
From tables 2 and 3, comparing example 3 with comparative example 1, it is found that soil can be improved and restored by using the modifier of example 3, which has a remarkable purifying effect on the heavy metal of Pd, cd, as, cr, and the almond shell carbon as biochar is added in a smaller amount at the initial stage of restoration, and the influence on soil is smaller, thereby achieving soil improvement and restoration.
Comparing example 3 with comparative example 2, it is known that on the premise of adopting the maltodextrin-agar wall material coated biochar, the additional soil enzyme preparation and the attapulgite attached on the microsphere surface, the modified restoration effect of the almond shell charcoal as biochar is better than that of straw charcoal as biochar, and the Pd, cd, as, cr content in the restored soil is more obviously reduced.
Comparing example 3 with comparative examples 3-6, it is seen that the effects of almond shell charcoal, maltodextrin-agar wall material, soil enzyme preparation and attapulgite in the present application are mutually promoted, and co-act and well reduce heavy metal content.
Comparing examples 4-6 with example 3, it is known that the effect of purifying As and Cr is improved by adding nano silicon dioxide powder, the purification rate of As and Cr is higher, thus improving the soil improvement and restoration effect, and the time of adding nano silicon dioxide powder needs to be after the almond shell filter is preheated at 160-180 ℃, thus the improvement and restoration effect of the prepared almond shell carbon is better.
Comparing examples 7-8 with example 6, it is known that the effect of purifying Pd, as and Cr of the prepared soil enzyme preparation is improved by adding carob bean gum, and the improvement of Pd purification rate is more obvious, thereby further improving the improvement and restoration effect of the modifier on soil.
Claims (6)
1. A construction method for improving and repairing garden planting soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
excavating soil on the upper layer of a soil area to be repaired, and mixing the excavated soil with an improver to obtain pre-improved soil;
mixing and stirring the pre-improved soil and water according to the weight ratio of 1 (0.15-0.25) to obtain improved soil slurry;
pouring the improved soil slurry back to the soil area to be repaired, and ploughing the improved soil slurry and the soil together to finish construction;
the preparation method of the modifier comprises the following steps: adding maltodextrin-agar slurry into a polar organic solvent, stirring and mixing, adding almond shell carbon, heating to 50-70 ℃, dispersing at high speed for 20-50 min at 10000-20000 r/min, centrifuging and separating to obtain maltodextrin-agar coated microspheres, soaking the maltodextrin-agar microspheres into a soil enzyme preparation, taking out to obtain enzyme modified microspheres, adding the enzyme modified microspheres into attapulgite, mixing, sieving, and drying the residues to obtain a modifier; wherein, the preparation method of the almond shell charcoal comprises the following steps: cutting almond shells, stirring in ethanol for 15-30 min, filtering to obtain almond shell filter bodies, drying, then heating to 160-180 ℃ in an oxygen-isolated mode, preserving heat for 20-30 min, cooling, mixing nano silicon dioxide powder with the heated almond shell filter bodies, grinding, heating to 410-430 ℃ in an oxygen-isolated mode, preserving heat for 1-2 h, and cooling to obtain almond shell carbon, wherein the weight ratio of the almond shells to the nano silicon dioxide powder is 1 (0.12-0.21);
the preparation method of the soil enzyme preparation comprises the following steps: mixing soil enzyme, carob gum and water to obtain a soil enzyme preparation, wherein the soil enzyme is urease or catalase, and the weight ratio of the soil enzyme to the carob gum to the water is (1.5-2) (8-10) 1000.
2. The construction method for improving and repairing garden planting soil according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the modifier to the excavated soil is 1 (1100-3300).
3. The construction method for improving and repairing garden planting soil according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the maltodextrin-agar slurry to the almond shell carbon is 100 (30-50).
4. The construction method for improving and repairing garden planting soil according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the maltodextrin-agar slurry comprises the following steps: the maltodextrin, the agar, the emulsifying agent and the water are stirred and mixed at 75-90 ℃ to obtain the maltodextrin-agar slurry, wherein the weight ratio of the maltodextrin to the agar to the emulsifying agent to the water is (25-40): 60-70): 15-25): 100.
5. The construction method for improving and repairing garden planting soil according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the depth of the soil at the excavated upper layer is 5-15 cm.
6. The construction method for improving and repairing garden planting soil according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the polar organic solvent is acetonitrile.
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| CN107652977A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-02 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of preparation method of soil conditioner |
| CN108840770A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-20 | 界首市红旭农业发展有限公司 | A kind of arid area pepper planting soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN110463395A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-19 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of soil of greenbelt modification method suitable for the Northwest city built environment |
| AU2020102841A4 (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2020-12-17 | Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Binhai, Tianjin) | A soil improvement methods for saline-alkaline land |
| CN112521217A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-03-19 | 东莞市枫华园林工程有限公司 | Garden soil improvement process |
| CN113519230A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-10-22 | 南充市农业科学院 | Method for improving soil by utilizing straw organic fertilizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107652977A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-02 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of preparation method of soil conditioner |
| CN108840770A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-20 | 界首市红旭农业发展有限公司 | A kind of arid area pepper planting soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN110463395A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-19 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of soil of greenbelt modification method suitable for the Northwest city built environment |
| AU2020102841A4 (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2020-12-17 | Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Binhai, Tianjin) | A soil improvement methods for saline-alkaline land |
| CN112521217A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-03-19 | 东莞市枫华园林工程有限公司 | Garden soil improvement process |
| CN113519230A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-10-22 | 南充市农业科学院 | Method for improving soil by utilizing straw organic fertilizer |
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