CN113755183A - Soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113755183A CN113755183A CN202111161035.XA CN202111161035A CN113755183A CN 113755183 A CN113755183 A CN 113755183A CN 202111161035 A CN202111161035 A CN 202111161035A CN 113755183 A CN113755183 A CN 113755183A
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- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001326934 Triarrhena Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002364 soil amendment Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+) Chemical compound [Cd+2] WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004355 nitrogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004729 solvothermal method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007420 reactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
- C09K17/48—Organic compounds mixed with inorganic active ingredients, e.g. polymerisation catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the soil conditioner comprises a carrier and a ferric iron compound loaded on the carrier; the carrier is biomass charcoal; the ferric iron compound is distributed on the surface layer of the biomass charcoal. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing agricultural and forestry wastes and a soluble ferric iron compound in a container, and uniformly stirring water to prepare mixed slurry; (2) heating the mixed slurry to 160-280 ℃, and reacting for 2-24 hours to obtain an intermediate product; (3) and cleaning the intermediate product and drying to obtain the soil conditioner. When the soil conditioner is used for soil, the soil conditioner can effectively adsorb heavy metal elements in the soil, has high efficiency of reducing the heavy metals, and has simple preparation process, mild reaction condition and low production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil pollution treatment, in particular to a soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Cadmium is the most common and highly toxic heavy metal pollution element in soil, and poses great threat to grain safety and even human health. The cadmium pollution problem is aggravated by environmental and human factors, so that the cadmium content in the soil is continuously accumulated, and the health of human beings and animals is influenced through a food chain. Soil is a basic environmental element constituting an ecosystem, and is an important material basis for human survival and development. At present, cadmium pollution in soil is a ubiquitous environmental problem in China, and the sustainable utilization of soil resources and the safe planting of grains are seriously threatened.
At the present stage, with the progress of research, a remediation strategy for the heavy metal cadmium pollution of the paddy field soil is summarized and concluded according to the relevant physicochemical properties of the heavy metal cadmium in the soil, namely, the heavy metal is transferred or passivated, so that the mobility of the effective heavy metal in the soil is reduced, and the damage to the ecological environment and crops is reduced. In general, researchers have classified the means of remediating heavy metal pollution into four categories, physical means, chemical means, biological means, and ecological means, based on various principles and characteristics.
The method of resetting the soil plowing method in the physical means requires a great deal of engineering effort and huge capital investment, and meanwhile, the method has the risks of damaging the soil structure and transferring soil pollution, and is easy to cause the soil fertility to be reduced, so the method is only suitable for repairing small and seriously polluted fields. The electric restoration has complex actual environment, the method is time-consuming and expensive, and the parameters are uncontrollable and cannot be applied. Among chemical methods, the passivation method, the organic matter method and the mineral method can easily cause the reactivation of the solidified heavy metal substances due to the changes of the pH value, the oxidation-reduction potential and the organic matter content of soil. The chemical leaching disadvantages include: the method has the advantages that the metal removal performance in the soil with larger viscosity and low permeability is poor, the natural extractant obtaining way is few, the price of the high-efficiency extractant is difficult to bear, the residue of the chemical reagent easily causes the change of the physical and chemical properties of the soil, even pollutes deep soil and underground water, and threatens the ecological environment safety of farmland soil. Because the plant has limited heavy metal storage amount and long restoration period, most plants can only fix a single pollutant, and the restoration efficiency is low, the method is only suitable for restoring slightly and moderately polluted soil.
In conclusion of the repairing method, several repairing methods mainly adopted aiming at the heavy metal cadmium pollution of the paddy field soil have limitations, and a more perfect soil repairing method still needs to be explored in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems of the limitation of the existing soil heavy metal treatment method, low efficiency of heavy metal treatment by the soil conditioner and complex preparation process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a soil conditioner comprising a carrier and a ferric iron compound supported on the carrier; the carrier is biomass charcoal; the ferric iron compound is distributed on the surface layer and inside the biomass charcoal.
The design idea of the technical scheme is as follows: according to the invention, the biochar is used as a carrier, and the abundant pore structure and the oxygen and nitrogen functional groups reserved in the pore structure are utilized to adsorb cationic heavy metal components in soil; meanwhile, the ferric iron compound loaded on the surface of the biomass charcoal is utilized to perform oxidation-reduction reaction with other iron-philic inorganic or organic pollutants in soil, so that the content of heavy metal (particularly cadmium) in the soil is effectively reduced, and the reaction of the ferric iron compound with the heavy metal can be assisted by the existence of the porous biomass charcoal carrier, so that the efficiency of reducing the heavy metal of the whole material is effectively improved.
As a further preferable mode of the above technical solution, the ferric iron compound is one or a combination of several of ferric nitrate, ferric sulfate and ferric chloride. The ferric iron compounds are low in price and easy to obtain, and can meet the relevant requirements of oxidation-reduction reaction with other iron-philic inorganic or organic pollutants in soil.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the mass ratio of the biomass charcoal to the ferric iron compound is (9-99): 1.
based on the same technical concept, the invention also provides a preparation method of the soil conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing agricultural and forestry wastes and a soluble ferric iron compound in a container, and uniformly stirring water to prepare mixed slurry;
(2) heating the mixed slurry to 160-280 ℃, and reacting for 2-24 hours to obtain an intermediate product;
(3) and cleaning and drying the intermediate product to obtain the soil conditioner.
The technical scheme has the design idea that the soil conditioner is prepared by a solvothermal method, the reaction condition is mild, and oxygen and nitrogen functional groups in the biomass material can be effectively reserved, so that the cationic heavy metal components in the soil can be effectively adsorbed.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the mass ratio of the agricultural and forestry waste to the soluble ferric iron compound is (7-9): (0.1 to 3).
As a further preferred aspect of the above technical solution, the forestry and agricultural residues are one or a combination of several of rice hulls, rice straw, sorghum straw, oil tea hulls, corn cobs, barks, peanut shells, oil tea leaves, ramie stalks, reed stalks and triarrhena sacchariflora stalks. The agricultural and forestry wastes are low in cost and easy to obtain, and have good porosity after carbonization.
As a further preferred mode of the technical proposal, the agricultural and forestry waste is in a powder shape with the particle size of less than 2 mm. After research, the inventor finds that the agricultural and forestry waste below the size increases the reaction area during the preparation of the biomass charcoal, improves the distribution effect of iron-based substances in the biomass charcoal, and is beneficial to the improvement of the heavy metal capacity and efficiency of the soil conditioner.
As a further preferable mode of the above technical solution, the soluble ferric compound is one or a combination of several of ferric nitrate, ferric sulfate and ferric chloride.
As a further preferable mode of the above-mentioned means, the purity of the soluble ferric iron compound is 95% or more. The purity of the soluble ferric compound is limited to avoid the influence of other miscellaneous elements on the content of the iron.
Based on the same technical concept, the invention also provides an application of the soil conditioner of the technical scheme or the soil conditioner prepared by the preparation method of the technical scheme, which comprises the following specific operations: the soil conditioner is added into soil according to a certain proportion, and the soil conditioner is uniformly mixed with 0-20 cm of surface soil through ploughing and is used for adsorbing heavy metal elements in the soil.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, 0-6 kg of soil conditioner is added to each square of soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the soil conditioner adopts the cadmium reduction agent mainly made of ferric iron compound to perform oxidation-reduction reaction with heavy metals such as cadmium in soil, and utilizes abundant pore structures in the biochar prepared by a solvothermal method, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of reducing the heavy metals of the material;
(2) the preparation method of the soil conditioner mainly relates to dehydration reaction, and the reaction conditions are mild, so that oxygen and nitrogen functional groups in the biomass material can be effectively reserved, and cationic heavy metal components in soil can be effectively adsorbed; and the solvent of the solvent thermal reaction is water, so that the water content of the raw materials is not strictly required during preparation, and the raw materials do not need to be pretreated, so that a large amount of time and economic cost are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the distribution of iron in the soil conditioner of example 1;
FIG. 2 is an electron microscopic image of the soil conditioner of example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
the soil conditioner of the embodiment comprises biomass charcoal and ferric nitrate loaded on the biomass charcoal, the distribution state of iron element in the soil conditioner is shown in fig. 1, and it can be seen that ferric ions are uniformly distributed on the surface and inside of the biomass charcoal after treatment; wherein the mass ratio of the biomass charcoal to the ferric nitrate is 99: 1; the biomass charcoal is obtained by carbonizing rice hulls and rice straws serving as raw materials. The electron micrograph of the soil conditioner of this example is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen from this figure that ferric nitrate is supported on the biomass charcoal.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) pulverizing rice hulls and rice straws by a pulverizer, sieving by a 2mm sieve, uniformly mixing the pulverized rice hulls and rice straws with ferric nitrate with the purity of 95% in a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle lining, adding deionized water, and stirring to prepare mixed slurry, wherein the water content of the mixed slurry is 80%;
(2) heating the reaction kettle filled with the mixed slurry to 180 ℃, preserving heat for 14 hours, and reacting to obtain an intermediate product;
(3) and (4) washing the intermediate product for multiple times by using water, and drying to obtain the soil conditioner.
The soil conditioner material of the embodiment is taken, 250ppm of cadmium standard solution is added into a 50mL conical flask with a cover to be stirred and processed for 2 hours, centrifugal filtration is carried out, an inductively coupled plasma spectrum generator is used for testing, and the test result shows that the content of cadmium ions in the cadmium standard solution is reduced to 78.94ppm after the cadmium standard solution is processed for 2 hours. From the data, the soil conditioner of the embodiment can generate a degradation effect after being treated for 2 hours, has a certain rapid degradation effect, and can degrade heavy metal cadmium more thoroughly and effectively due to longer treatment time in practical use.
Example 2:
the shape of the soil conditioner in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and the soil conditioner is composed of biomass carbon and ferric sulfate loaded on the biomass carbon, wherein the mass ratio of the biomass carbon to the ferric sulfate is 98: 2; the biomass charcoal is obtained by carbonizing oil tea shells and oil tea leaves serving as raw materials.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) pulverizing oil tea shells and oil tea leaves by a pulverizing machine, sieving by a 2mm sieve, uniformly mixing the pulverized oil tea shells and oil tea leaves with 95% ferric sulfate in a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle lining, adding deionized water, and stirring to prepare mixed slurry, wherein the water content of the mixed slurry is 80%;
(2) heating the reaction kettle filled with the mixed slurry to 230 ℃, and preserving heat for 8 hours to obtain an intermediate product;
(3) and (4) washing the intermediate product for multiple times by using water, and drying to obtain the soil conditioner.
The soil conditioner material of the embodiment is taken, 250ppm of cadmium standard solution is added into a 50mL conical flask with a cover to be stirred and processed for 2 hours, centrifugal filtration is carried out, an inductively coupled plasma spectrum generator is used for testing, and the test result shows that the content of cadmium ions in the cadmium standard solution is reduced to 78.85ppm after the cadmium standard solution is processed for 2 hours.
Example 3:
the soil conditioner of the embodiment comprises biomass charcoal and ferric chloride loaded on the biomass charcoal, wherein the mass ratio of the biomass charcoal to the ferric chloride is 96: 4; the biomass charcoal is obtained by carbonizing ramie stalks, reed stalks and triarrhena sacchariflora stalks as raw materials.
The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) pulverizing ramie stalks, reed stalks and triarrhena sacchariflora stalks into powder by a powder making machine, sieving the powder by a sieve of 2mm, uniformly mixing the pulverized ramie stalks, reed stalks and triarrhena sacchariflora stalks with ferric chloride with the purity of 95 percent in a lining of a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, adding deionized water, and stirring to prepare mixed slurry, wherein the water content of the mixed slurry is 80 percent;
(2) heating the reaction kettle filled with the mixed slurry to 280 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours, and reacting to obtain an intermediate product;
(3) and (4) washing the intermediate product for multiple times by using water, and drying to obtain the soil conditioner.
Comparative example 1:
the mixing ratio of the ferric iron compound of the soil conditioner of this comparative example was substantially the same as the preparation method of examples 1, 2, and 3, except that this comparative example did not employ the solvothermal method: when the soil conditioner of the comparative example is prepared, 2mm of agricultural and forestry waste is pyrolyzed for 5 hours in an atmosphere furnace through oxygen limitation at 500 ℃, a ferric iron compound is added, 40mL of deionized water is added, the mixture is stirred for 6 hours, and then the mixture is placed in an oven at 80 ℃ and dried to constant weight. Taking the soil conditioner material of the comparative example, adding 250ppm of cadmium standard solution into a 50mL conical flask with a cover, stirring for 2h, carrying out centrifugal filtration, and testing by using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer, wherein the test result shows that the content of cadmium ions in the cadmium standard solution is reduced to 95.13ppm after the treatment for 2 h.
Comparative example 2:
the mixing proportion of the ferric iron compound of the soil conditioner of the comparative example is basically the same as that of the preparation methods of the examples 1, 2 and 3, except that the ferric iron compound is not added in the preparation process of the comparative example, the soil conditioner material of the comparative example is taken, 250ppm of cadmium standard solution is added into a 50mL conical flask with a cover to be stirred for 2 hours, the mixture is centrifugally filtered and tested by an inductively coupled plasma spectrum generator, and the test result shows that the cadmium ion content in the cadmium standard solution is still over 100ppm after the treatment for 2 hours.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Modifications and variations that may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A soil conditioner, characterized by comprising a carrier and a ferric iron compound supported on the carrier; the carrier is biomass charcoal; the ferric iron compound is distributed in the biomass charcoal and on the surface layer.
2. The soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein said ferric compound is one or a combination of ferric nitrate, ferric sulfate and ferric chloride.
3. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the biomass charcoal to the ferric iron compound is (9-99): 1.
4. a method of preparing a soil amendment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing agricultural and forestry wastes and a soluble ferric iron compound in a container, adding water, and uniformly stirring to prepare mixed slurry;
(2) heating the mixed slurry to 160-280 ℃, and reacting for 2-24 hours to obtain an intermediate product;
(3) and cleaning and drying the intermediate product to obtain the soil conditioner.
5. A preparation method of a soil conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that the mass ratio of the agricultural and forestry waste to the soluble ferric iron compound is (7-9): (0.1 to 3).
6. A method of producing a soil amendment according to claim 4, wherein the forestry and agricultural residues are one or more of rice hulls, rice straw, sorghum straw, oil tea hulls, corn cobs, bark, peanut hulls, oil tea leaves, ramie stalks, reed stalks, and triarrhena stalks.
7. A method of making a soil amendment according to claim 4, wherein the agricultural or forestry waste is in the form of a powder having a particle size of less than 2 mm.
8. A method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 4, characterized in that the soluble ferric compound is one or a combination of ferric nitrate, ferric sulfate and ferric chloride, and the purity of the soluble ferric compound is greater than or equal to 95%.
9. Use of a soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or a soil conditioner obtainable by a process according to any one of claims 4 to 8, in particular by: the soil conditioner is added into soil according to a certain proportion, and the soil conditioner is uniformly mixed with 0-20 cm of surface soil through ploughing and is used for adsorbing heavy metal elements in the soil.
10. The use of a soil conditioner according to claim 9, wherein 0 to 6kg of soil conditioner is added per square soil.
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| CN114558417A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-31 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for reducing emission of greenhouse gas in rice field |
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| CN112263994A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-26 | 东北大学 | Modified biochar and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112410047A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-26 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Iron-carrying sludge biochar and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20211207 |