CN114865983B - Three-phase alternating current speed regulation system for multiplexing excitation winding - Google Patents
Three-phase alternating current speed regulation system for multiplexing excitation winding Download PDFInfo
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- CN114865983B CN114865983B CN202210620479.3A CN202210620479A CN114865983B CN 114865983 B CN114865983 B CN 114865983B CN 202210620479 A CN202210620479 A CN 202210620479A CN 114865983 B CN114865983 B CN 114865983B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/08—Reluctance motors
- H02P25/098—Arrangements for reducing torque ripple
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/05—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation specially adapted for damping motor oscillations, e.g. for reducing hunting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
Abstract
The application discloses a three-phase alternating current speed regulating system with a multiplexing excitation winding, which relates to the field of three-phase AC-AC power converters and motor control, wherein a sinusoidal double salient pole motor is used in the three-phase alternating current speed regulating system, so that the three-phase alternating current speed regulating system has the advantages of simple structure and high reliability, is low in torque pulsation and can be controlled by adopting a mature vector control method; the harmonic injection exciting circuit can inject third harmonic current into the input voltage selector of the input voltage selector to keep the input current sinusoidal while exciting the motor and adjusting the exciting current to realize the wide rotating speed range operation of the motor. The speed regulating system does not need to arrange an additional excitation power supply for the electrically excited motor, and does not need additional harmonic injection inductance when the third harmonic is injected into the matrix converter, so that the volume and the weight of the system are greatly reduced, and the power density is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of motor control, in particular to a three-phase alternating-current speed regulating system for a multiplexing excitation winding.
Background
In a three-phase ac speed control system, the inverters that have been widely used at present are mainly a back-to-back voltage type PWM inverter and a back-to-back current type PWM inverter. The back-to-back voltage type/current type double PWM converter decouples the rectification stage and the inverter stage through the bus capacitor or inductor, and a control algorithm is mature. However, the bus capacitor or inductor of the dual PWM converter significantly increases the weight and volume of the system, and the lifetime of the electrolytic capacitor is greatly shortened under some special circumstances (such as high temperature). The matrix converter is a direct AC-AC power converter without a large-capacity energy storage element, and has the advantages of bidirectional energy flow and sinusoidal input and output. Conventional matrix converters are generally two types, direct Matrix Converters (DMC) and Indirect Matrix Converters (IMC), but require PWM modulation of both voltage and current, complex control algorithms, and require clamping circuits. Therefore, a third harmonic injection matrix converter (3 TSMC) has been proposed by researchers, and the 3TSMC has advantages that the rectifying stages (input voltage selectors) are all low frequency switches, there is almost no switching loss, and sinusoidal input current is obtained by injecting current to the power supply side through a harmonic injection circuit. On the occasion that energy is not needed to flow in two directions, a diode can be used for replacing a full-control device in the rectifier bridge, and therefore the system cost and the control complexity are further reduced. The harmonic injection inductance of 3TSMC increases the volume and weight of the system to some extent.
In the aspect of motors, asynchronous motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors and electrically excited synchronous motors are widely applied to three-phase alternating current speed regulation systems. As the vector control technology is mature, the three motors have good speed regulation performance. The asynchronous motor has low efficiency and low power factor at low speed; the permanent magnet synchronous motor has high power/torque density, but the rare earth permanent magnet material has higher cost and can also have the problem of demagnetization in severe environment. Therefore, the electrically excited motor is still one of important development directions, the electrically excited synchronous motor is mostly used in a large-scale system, but the electrically excited motor needs a three-phase controllable rectifier to provide exciting current for an exciting winding, and the exciting winding on a rotor needs to be led out through a slip ring, so that the wide application of the electrically excited motor is limited. The double salient pole motor is a novel structure motor provided on the basis of the traditional reluctance motor, the motor is characterized in that a set of excitation winding is added on a stator of a switched reluctance motor, so that the motor is closer to a brushless direct current motor. The structure is simple, and the application prospect is good. However, the doubly salient motor, as one of the reluctance motors, has the inherent defect that the torque ripple is large and an additional excitation power supply is required, and the defects become the biggest obstacles for the application of the doubly salient motor in the fields of high-performance driving and servo.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems and technical needs, the present applicant proposes a three-phase ac speed regulation system with a multiplexing excitation winding, and the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:
a three-phase AC speed regulation system for multiplex excitation windingIn the system, the input end of an input voltage selector is connected with a three-phase alternating current power supply through a filter circuit, and the input voltage selector outputs u through a first output end x Output u through the second output terminal y Output u through the third output terminal z And u is and u x >u y >u z ；
The positive and negative poles of a bus of the three-phase bridge inverter are respectively connected with the first output end and the third output end of the input voltage selector, and the middle points of three-phase bridge arms of the three-phase bridge inverter are respectively connected with three-phase armature windings of the sinusoidal electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor;
the positive and negative poles of the bus of the harmonic injection excitation circuit are respectively connected with the first output end and the third output end of the input voltage selector, and the middle points of the two bridge arms of the harmonic injection excitation circuit are respectively injected into the switching tube S through the harmonic yp 、S yn The middle points of two bridge arms of the harmonic injection excitation circuit are also respectively connected with two ends of an excitation winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly salient motor;
the control circuit is connected with and controls the harmonic injection excitation circuit to inject third harmonic current into the input voltage selector so as to obtain sine-wave-shaped input current and provide excitation current for an excitation winding of the sine-shaped electrically-excited doubly-salient motor.
The further technical scheme is that the harmonic injection excitation circuit comprises an asymmetric H bridge and two harmonic injection switching tubes S yp 、S yn The first bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge comprises a voltage control switch tube S kp And a diode D kp The second bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge comprises a voltage control switch tube S kn And a diode D kn Voltage controlled switching tube S kp Collector electrode of (2) and diode D kn The cathodes of the two asymmetric H-bridges are connected with the positive electrode of a bus of the asymmetric H-bridge and a voltage control switch tube S kp Emitter-connected diode D kp Cathode of (2), diode D kn Anode of the switch is connected with a voltage control switch tube S kn Collector of (2), voltage control switch tube S kn Emitter and diode D kp The anodes of the two-way positive-negative-pole bridge are connected with the negative pole of the bus of the asymmetric H bridge;the positive pole of the bus of the asymmetric H bridge is connected with the first output end of the input voltage selector, and the negative pole of the bus of the asymmetric H bridge is connected with the third output end of the input voltage selector;
midpoint connection harmonic injection switching tube S of first bridge arm of asymmetric H bridge yn Of the emitter, harmonic injection switching tube S yn The collector of the asymmetric H-bridge is connected with the second output end of the input voltage selector, and the midpoint of the second bridge arm of the asymmetric H-bridge is connected with the harmonic injection switching tube S yp Collector of (2), harmonic injection switching tube S yp The emitter of the input voltage selector is connected with the second output end of the input voltage selector;
the midpoint of the first bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is also connected with the current input end of the excitation winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly-salient motor, and the midpoint of the second bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is also connected with the current output end of the excitation winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly-salient motor.
The further technical scheme is that a harmonic injection switching tube in the harmonic injection excitation circuit is a switching tube with back pressure cut-off capability.
The further technical scheme is that a harmonic injection switching tube in the harmonic injection excitation circuit does not have back-pressure cut-off capacity, and then the middle point of a first bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is connected with a harmonic injection switching tube S yn Of the emitter, harmonic injection switching tube S yn Collector of the diode is connected with a reverse voltage cut-off diode D yn Negative electrode of (D), reverse voltage cut-off diode D yn The anode of the input voltage selector is connected with the second output end of the input voltage selector; the midpoint of the second bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is connected with a reverse voltage cut-off diode D yp Anode of (D), reverse voltage cut-off diode D yp The cathode of the switch is connected with a harmonic injection switch tube S yp Collector of (2), harmonic injection switching tube S yp Is connected to the second output terminal of the input voltage selector.
The further technical scheme is that in one switching period:
control circuit for controlling harmonic injection switch tube S yp Conducting and harmonic injection switch tube S yn Turning off the third harmonic current with positive polarity injected into the input voltage selector, and injecting the harmonic into the switching tube S yp The duty ratio corresponding to the conduction duration of (a) is the ratio of the absolute value of the third harmonic current to the excitation current;
control circuit controls harmonic injection switch tube S yp Switch tube S with turn-off and harmonic injection yn Conducting to inject negative third harmonic current into the input voltage selector, and injecting harmonic into the switch tube S yn The duty ratio corresponding to the on-time of (b) is a ratio of an absolute value of the third harmonic current to the exciting current.
The further technical proposal is that when the harmonic wave is injected into the switch tube S yp Conducting and harmonic injection switch tube S yn When the switch is turned off, the switch tube S is controlled kp Is conducted to adjust the voltage across the excitation winding of a sinusoidal electrically excited doubly salient motor so that the harmonic is injected into the switching tube S yp In the conduction time period, the average value of the voltages at two ends of an excitation winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly salient motor is 0;
when harmonic wave is injected into the switch tube S yp Switch tube S with turn-off and harmonic injection yn When conducting, the switch tube S is controlled kn Is conducted to adjust the voltage across the excitation winding of a sinusoidal electrically excited doubly salient motor so that the harmonic is injected into the switching tube S yn And in the conduction time period, the average value of the voltages at two ends of an excitation winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly salient motor is 0.
The further technical scheme is that in a switching period, after the injection of the third harmonic current is finished, the control circuit controls the harmonic injection switching tube S yp Harmonic injection switching tube S yn Are all turned off and control the switch tube S by controlling the voltage kp And a voltage controlled switching tube S kn The on-state of the motor is adjusted to adjust the exciting current tracking exciting current set value of the exciting winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly salient motor.
The further technical scheme is that in a steady state, the given value of the exciting current is greater than the maximum value of the third harmonic current; in the dynamic process, the given value of the exciting current is the rated maximum value or the rated minimum value.
The further technical scheme is that in a steady state, the control circuit obtains reference given values of exciting currents under different control targets according to a vector control method, and if the maximum reference given value is larger than the current exciting current given value, the exciting current given value is updated to be the reference given value.
The further technical scheme is that the third harmonic current injected by the harmonic injection excitation circuit to the input voltage selector is as follows:
wherein, P m For input power, P, of sinusoidal electrically-excited doubly-salient machines f Power, U, consumed for the excitation winding of a sinusoidal electrically excited doubly salient machine N Is the magnitude of the phase voltage of the three-phase ac power source, and theta is the phase angle of the phase voltage of the three-phase ac power source.
The beneficial technical effect of this application is:
the application discloses a three-phase alternating-current speed regulating system with a multiplex excitation winding, which is realized based on a third harmonic injection matrix converter and an electro-excitation sinusoidal doubly salient motor, wherein the sinusoidal doubly salient motor inherits the advantages of simple structure and high reliability of the traditional doubly salient motor, has low torque pulsation and can be controlled by adopting a mature vector control method; the harmonic injection exciting circuit can inject third harmonic current into the input voltage selector while realizing the wide rotating speed range operation of the motor by exciting and adjusting the exciting current of the motor, so that the input current keeps sine, an additional exciting power supply is not needed, and the third harmonic injection matrix converter does not need additional harmonic injection inductance, thereby not only improving the integration level of the system, reducing the volume and the weight, but also improving the power density of the system to a greater extent.
In addition, the switching tube in the input voltage selector is a low-frequency switch, and the switching frequency of the low-frequency switch is twice of the frequency of the phase voltage, so that the input voltage selector has almost no switching loss, and the whole system has low switching loss and high reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a three-phase AC governor system in one embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a harmonic injection excitation circuit in one embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a harmonic injection excitation circuit in another embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing variations of the excitation current and the third harmonic current injected to the input side with respect to the phase angle θ.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a current simulated waveform of field current over time during the entire operation of a sinusoidal electrically excited doubly salient machine in one example.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a simulated waveform of motor speed over time during the entire operation of a sinusoidal electrically excited doubly salient motor in one example.
FIG. 7 shows three-phase current i of a three-phase AC power supply sa 、i sb 、i sc And (3) a schematic diagram of a current simulation waveform over time.
FIG. 8 is a current i of a three-phase armature winding u 、i v 、i w The current simulation waveform schematic diagram with time.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The application discloses three-phase AC speed control system of multiplexing excitation winding please refer to FIG. 1, and in this three-phase AC speed control system, the input of input voltage selector passes through filter circuit and connects three-phase AC power supply, and filter circuit and input voltage selector can all adopt current circuit structure to realize, and this application is not repeated its structure. Three-phase voltage u of input voltage selector to three-phase AC power supply a 、u b 、u c The voltage of the largest phase is connected to the first output terminal x as u x Outputting the minimum voltage of one phase to a third output terminal z as u z Outputting the remaining one-phase voltage to a second output terminal y as u y Output, therefore u x >u y >u z . The switching tubes in the input voltage selector are all low-frequency switches,the switching frequency thereof is twice the frequency of the phase voltage of the three-phase ac power supply, and therefore there is almost no switching loss in the input voltage selector.
The positive and negative poles of a bus of the three-phase bridge inverter are respectively connected with the first output end x and the third output end z of the input voltage selector, and the middle points of three-phase bridge arms of the three-phase bridge inverter are respectively connected with three-phase armature windings U, V and W of the sinusoidal electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor.
The positive and negative poles of the bus of the harmonic injection excitation circuit are respectively connected with the first output end x and the third output end z of the input voltage selector, and the middle points of the two bridge arms of the harmonic injection excitation circuit are respectively injected into the switching tube S through the harmonic yp 、S yn And the middle points of the two bridge arms of the harmonic injection excitation circuit are also respectively connected with two ends of an excitation winding F of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly salient motor.
Referring to the circuit diagram of the harmonic injection exciting circuit shown in fig. 2, the harmonic injection exciting circuit includes an asymmetric H-bridge and two harmonic injection switching tubes S yp 、S yn . The first bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge comprises a voltage control switch tube S kp And a diode D kp The second bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge comprises a voltage control switch tube S kn And a diode D kn Voltage controlled switching tube S kp Collector electrode of (2) and diode D kn Are connected to the positive pole of the bus of the asymmetric H-bridge and to the first output terminal x of the input voltage selector. Voltage control switch tube S kp Emitter-connected diode D kp Cathode of (2), diode D kn Anode of the switch tube S is connected with a voltage control switch tube S kn The collector electrode of (1). Voltage control switch tube S kn Emitter and diode D kp Are connected to the negative pole of the bus bar of the asymmetric H-bridge for connection to the third output terminal z of the input voltage selector. Voltage control switch tube S kp And S kn Are connected with anti-parallel diodes respectively.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a harmonic injection switching tube S in a harmonic injection excitation circuit yp And S yn To have a back pressure cut-offAnd the switching tube of the capacity is realized by using RB-IGBT, for example. Then the midpoint of the first bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is connected with the harmonic injection switching tube S yn Of the emitter, harmonic injection switching tube S yn The collector of the asymmetric H-bridge is connected with the second output end of the input voltage selector, and the midpoint of the second bridge arm of the asymmetric H-bridge is connected with the harmonic injection switching tube S yp Collector of (2), harmonic injection switching tube S yp Is connected to the second output terminal of the input voltage selector.
In another embodiment, the harmonic injection switching tube in the harmonic injection excitation circuit does not have back-voltage cutoff capability, such as implemented using a common IGBT or MOSFET. Then, as shown in fig. 3, the midpoint of the first leg of the asymmetric H-bridge is connected with the harmonic injection switching tube S yn Of the emitter, harmonic injection switching tube S yn Collector of the diode is connected with a reverse voltage cut-off diode D yn Negative electrode, reverse voltage cut-off diode D yn Is connected to the second output terminal of the input voltage selector. The midpoint of the second bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is connected with a reverse voltage cut-off diode D yp Anode of (D), reverse voltage cut-off diode D yp The cathode of the switch is connected with a harmonic injection switch tube S yp Collector of (2), harmonic injection switching tube S yp Is connected to the second output terminal of the input voltage selector.
The midpoint of the first bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is also connected with the current input end of the excitation winding F of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly-salient motor, and the midpoint of the second bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is also connected with the current output end of the excitation winding F of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly-salient motor. I in FIGS. 1 and 2 f The arrow direction of (b) indicates the current direction of the excitation current of the excitation winding F.
The sinusoidal electric excitation doubly-salient motor is used in the three-phase alternating-current speed regulation system, and on the basis of the traditional square wave doubly-salient motor, the counter electromotive force of the motor is close to a sine wave through rotor oblique poles, pole arc coefficients and other methods. The self-inductance of the excitation winding F of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly salient motor does not change along with the change of the position of the rotor, the self-inductance of the three-phase armature windings U, V and W is approximately unchanged, and the mutual inductance between the three-phase armature windings U, V and W and the excitation winding F is related to the position of the rotor and changes along with the sine of the electric angle of the rotor. The sinusoidal electric excitation doubly salient motor not only inherits the advantages of simple structure and high reliability of the traditional doubly salient motor, but also has low torque pulsation, and can adopt a mature vector control method.
The three-phase ac speed regulation system of the present application further includes a control circuit, the control circuit is used for controlling the conduction state of each switching tube in other circuits, and the control circuit is not shown in fig. 1. In the working process, the control circuit collects the position signal of the sinusoidal electro-magnetic doubly salient motor and combines the bus voltage of the three-phase bridge inverter, namely u of the first output end x x U to the third output terminal z z And the voltage between the phase windings is subjected to closed-loop control on phase winding currents of the three-phase armature windings U, V and W through a three-phase bridge inverter according to a traditional vector control method, and the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly salient motor output torque is controlled according to instructions.
The control circuit is connected with and controls the harmonic injection excitation circuit to inject third harmonic current into the input voltage selector so as to obtain sine-wave-shaped input current and provide excitation current for an excitation winding of the sine-wave-shaped electrically-excited doubly salient motor.
The third harmonic current injected by the harmonic injection excitation circuit to the input voltage selector is as follows:
wherein, P m For input power, P, of sinusoidal electrically-excited doubly-salient machines f Power, U, consumed for the excitation winding of a sinusoidal electrically excited doubly salient machine N Is the magnitude of the phase voltage of the three-phase ac power supply, and theta is the phase angle of the phase voltage of the three-phase ac power supply.
In a switching period, the working process of the harmonic injection excitation circuit is as follows:
(1) When the third harmonic current i y,ref When the polarity of the harmonic wave is positive, the control circuit controls the harmonic wave injection switch tube S yp Conducting and harmonic injection switch tube S yn Is turned off to input electricityThe voltage selector injects the third harmonic current with positive polarity, and the harmonic is injected into the switch tube S yp The duty ratio corresponding to the on-time of (b) is a ratio of an absolute value of the third harmonic current to the excitation current.
When harmonic wave is injected into the switch tube S yp Conducting and harmonic injection switch tube S yn When the switch is turned off, the control circuit controls the voltage control switch tube S kp Is conducted to adjust the voltage across the excitation winding of a sinusoidal electrically excited doubly salient motor so that the harmonic is injected into the switching tube S yp And in the conduction time period, the average value of the voltages at two ends of an excitation winding of the sinusoidal electrically-excited doubly salient motor is 0.
(2) When the third harmonic current i y,ref When the polarity of the voltage is negative, the control circuit controls the harmonic injection switch tube S yp Switch tube S with turn-off and harmonic injection yn Conducting to inject negative third harmonic current into the input voltage selector, and injecting harmonic into the switch tube S yn The duty ratio corresponding to the on-time of (b) is a ratio of an absolute value of the third harmonic current to the excitation current.
When harmonic wave is injected into the switch tube S yp Switch tube S with turn-off and harmonic injection yn When the switch is turned on, the control circuit controls the voltage control switch tube S kn To adjust the voltage across the excitation winding of a sinusoidal electro-magnetically excited doubly salient machine such that the harmonic is injected into the switching tube S yn And in the conduction time period, the average value of the voltages at two ends of an excitation winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly salient motor is 0.
(3) In a switching period, after the injection of the third harmonic current is finished, the control circuit controls the harmonic injection switching tube S yp Harmonic injection switching tube S yn Are all turned off and control the switch tube S by controlling the voltage kp And a voltage controlled switching tube S kn To adjust the exciting current i of the exciting winding of the sinusoidal electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor f Tracking the given value of exciting current by regulating S with PID controller kp And S kn To control the exciting current i f And tracking the given value of the exciting current.
With three-phase alternating currentVariation of phase angle theta of phase voltage of power supply, exciting current i of exciting winding of sinusoidal electrically excited doubly salient motor f And a third harmonic current i injected from the harmonic injection field circuit to the input side y,ref Is shown in fig. 4.
And in a steady state, the given value of the exciting current is greater than the maximum value of the third harmonic current. In the dynamic process, the given value of the exciting current is a rated maximum value or a rated minimum value so as to ensure the dynamic performance of the sinusoidal electrically-excited doubly-salient motor. In addition, in a steady state, the control circuit obtains reference given values of the exciting current under different control targets according to a vector control method, and if the maximum reference given value is larger than the current exciting current given value, the excitation current given value is updated to the reference given value; and if all the reference given values do not exceed the current excitation current given value, the current excitation current given value is still reserved. Wherein the different control objectives include minimum copper loss and/or unity power factor.
In a simulation example, the effective value of the phase voltage of a three-phase alternating current power supply is 110V, the frequency of the phase voltage is 50Hz, the motor adopts a 12/10 sinusoidal electrically-excited doubly-salient motor, the self-inductance of a three-phase armature winding of the sinusoidal electrically-excited doubly-salient motor is a constant value of 2.8mH, the mutual inductance between the three-phase armature winding and an excitation winding changes along with the change of the position of a rotor of the motor, the amplitude is 2.3mH, and the self-inductance of the excitation winding is 10mH. The given rotating speed of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly salient motor is 1500rpm, the load torque is 5Nm, and the switching frequency of a harmonic injection excitation circuit and a switching tube in a three-phase bridge inverter is 20kHz. The filter inductance in the filter circuit is 500 muH, and the filter capacitance is 6.8 muF.
In the whole stable process from starting to entering of the sine electric excitation doubly salient motor, the exciting current i of the exciting winding f Fig. 5 shows a simulated waveform of the motor speed n, and fig. 6 shows a simulated waveform of the motor speed n. Excitation current i of the field winding during starting f The given value of the tracking exciting current is stabilized at a rated maximum value 6A so as to ensure that the motor can generate maximum electromagnetic torque when being started. After the start-up process is over, the system is in accordance with minimum copper lossDetermining given value of exciting current in principle, when the given value of exciting current is less than rated maximum value 6A but greater than maximum value of third harmonic current, exciting current i f And the voltage is reduced and stabilized to the given value of the exciting current, and the steady-state operation is carried out. In the starting process, the rotating speed n of the motor rises, and after the motor enters a steady state, the rotating speed is smooth.
Three-phase current i of three-phase AC power supply sa 、i sb 、i sc The current simulation waveform of (3) is shown in FIG. 7, three-phase current i sa 、i sb 、i sc The three-phase alternating current power supply is symmetrical and keeps sine, and the current provided by the three-phase alternating current power supply is gradually increased along with the increase of the rotating speed of the motor. Current i of three-phase armature winding of sinusoidal electro-magnetic doubly salient motor u 、i v 、i w The current simulation waveform of (2) is shown in FIG. 8, and the current i of the three-phase armature winding u 、i v 、i w Also a sinusoidal current.
The example verifies that the three-phase alternating-current speed regulation system can realize the control of the exciting current and complete the function of injecting the third harmonic current under the condition of multiplexing the exciting winding of the motor, thereby realizing the normal driving of the motor, ensuring the motor to have excellent dynamic performance and simultaneously keeping the current at the input side to be sinusoidal.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the above examples. It is to be understood that other modifications and variations directly derived or suggested to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concepts of the present application are to be considered as being within the scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The three-phase alternating current speed regulating system with the multiplexing excitation winding is characterized in that in the three-phase alternating current speed regulating system, the input end of an input voltage selector is connected with a three-phase alternating current power supply through a filter circuit, and the input voltage selector outputs u through a first output end x Output u through the second output terminal y Output u through the third output terminal z And u is x >u y >u z ；
The positive and negative poles of a bus of the three-phase bridge inverter are respectively connected with the first output end and the third output end of the input voltage selector, and the middle points of three-phase bridge arms of the three-phase bridge inverter are respectively connected with a three-phase armature winding of a sinusoidal electro-magnetic doubly-salient motor;
the positive and negative poles of the bus of the harmonic injection excitation circuit are respectively connected with the first output end and the third output end of the input voltage selector, and the harmonic injection excitation circuit comprises an asymmetric H bridge and two harmonic injection switching tubes S yp 、S yn The first bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge comprises a voltage control switch tube S kp And a diode D kp The second bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge comprises a voltage control switch tube S kn And a diode D kn (ii) a The middle points of two bridge arms of the harmonic injection excitation circuit are respectively injected into a switch tube S through harmonic waves yp 、S yn The middle points of two bridge arms of the harmonic injection excitation circuit are also respectively connected with two ends of an excitation winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly salient motor;
the control circuit is connected with and controls the harmonic injection excitation circuit to inject third harmonic current into the input voltage selector so as to obtain sine-wave input current and provide excitation current for an excitation winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly salient motor.
2. A three-phase AC speed regulation system according to claim 1 wherein the voltage control switch S kp Collector electrode of (2) and diode D kn The cathodes of the two asymmetric H-bridges are connected with the positive electrode of a bus of the asymmetric H-bridge and a voltage control switch tube S kp Emitter-connected diode D kp Cathode of (2), diode D kn Anode of the switch tube S is connected with a voltage control switch tube S kn Collector electrode of (2), voltage control switch tube S kn Emitter and diode D kp The anodes of the two-way positive-negative-pole bridge are connected with the negative pole of the bus of the asymmetric H bridge; the positive pole of the bus of the asymmetric H bridge is connected with the first output end of the input voltage selector, and the negative pole of the bus of the asymmetric H bridge is connected with the third output end of the input voltage selector;
the harmonic injection switching tube in the harmonic injection excitation circuit is a switching tube with back pressure cut-off capability, and the midpoint of the first bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is connected with the harmonic injection switching tube S yn Of the emitter, harmonic injection switching tube S yn The collector of the asymmetric H-bridge is connected with the second output end of the input voltage selector, and the midpoint of the second bridge arm of the asymmetric H-bridge is connected with a harmonic injection switching tube S yp Collector of (2), harmonic injection switching tube S yp Is connected with the second output end of the input voltage selector;
the midpoint of the first bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is also connected with the current input end of the excitation winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly-salient motor, and the midpoint of the second bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is also connected with the current output end of the excitation winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly-salient motor.
3. A three-phase AC speed regulation system according to claim 1 wherein the voltage control switch S kp Collector electrode of (2) and diode D kn The cathodes of the two-phase current-limiting switches are connected with the anode of the bus of the asymmetric H bridge, and the voltage controls the switch tube S kp Emitter-connected diode D kp Cathode of (2), diode D kn Anode of the switch tube S is connected with a voltage control switch tube S kn Collector electrode of (2), voltage control switch tube S kn Emitter and diode D kp The anodes of the two-way positive-negative-pole bridge are connected with the negative pole of the bus of the asymmetric H bridge; the positive pole of the bus of the asymmetric H bridge is connected with the first output end of the input voltage selector, and the negative pole of the bus of the asymmetric H bridge is connected with the third output end of the input voltage selector;
midpoint connection harmonic injection switching tube S of first bridge arm of asymmetric H bridge yn Of the emitter, harmonic injection switching tube S yn Collector of the diode is connected with a reverse voltage cut-off diode D yn Negative electrode, reverse voltage cut-off diode D yn Is connected to the second output terminal of the input voltage selector; the midpoint of the second bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is connected with a reverse voltage cut-off diode D yp Anode of (D), reverse voltage cut-off diode D yp The cathode of the switch is connected with a harmonic injection switch tube S yp The collector electrode of (a) is provided,harmonic injection switch tube S yp Is connected with the second output end of the input voltage selector;
the midpoint of the first bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is also connected with the current input end of the excitation winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly-salient motor, and the midpoint of the second bridge arm of the asymmetric H bridge is also connected with the current output end of the excitation winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly-salient motor.
4. A three-phase ac speed regulation system according to claim 2 or 3 wherein, in one switching cycle:
the control circuit controls the harmonic injection switch tube S yp Conducting and harmonic injection switch tube S yn Turning off to inject a third harmonic current of positive polarity into the input voltage selector, the harmonic being injected into the switching tube S yp The duty ratio corresponding to the conduction duration of (2) is the ratio of the absolute value of the third harmonic current to the excitation current;
the control circuit controls the harmonic injection switch tube S yp Switch tube S with turn-off and harmonic injection yn Conducting to inject a negative third harmonic current into the input voltage selector, and injecting the harmonic into the switch tube S yn The duty ratio corresponding to the on-time of (b) is a ratio of an absolute value of the third harmonic current to the excitation current.
5. A three-phase AC governor system of claim 4,
when harmonic wave is injected into the switch tube S yp Conducting and harmonic injection switch tube S yn When the switch is turned off, the control circuit controls the voltage control switch tube S kp To regulate the voltage across the excitation winding of the sinusoidal electrically excited doubly salient machine such that a switching tube S is injected at a harmonic yp In the conduction time period, the average value of the voltages at two ends of an excitation winding of the sinusoidal electro-magnetic doubly salient motor is 0;
when harmonic wave is injected into the switch tube S yp Switch tube S with turn-off and harmonic injection yn When the switch is switched on, the control circuit controls the voltage control switch tube S kn To regulate the voltage across the excitation winding of the sinusoidal electrically excited doubly salient machine such that a switching tube S is injected at a harmonic yn And in the conduction time period, the average value of the voltages at two ends of an excitation winding of the sinusoidal electric excitation doubly-salient motor is 0.
6. A three-phase AC speed regulation system according to claim 4 wherein the control circuit controls the harmonic injection switching tube S after the third harmonic current injection is completed during a switching cycle yp Harmonic injection switching tube S yn Are all turned off, and control the voltage control switch tube S kp And a voltage controlled switching tube S kn The on-state of the sinusoidal electro-magnetic doubly salient motor is adjusted to adjust the exciting current tracking exciting current set value of the exciting winding of the sinusoidal electro-magnetic doubly salient motor.
7. A three-phase AC speed regulation system of claim 6,
in a steady state, the given value of the exciting current is larger than the maximum value of the third harmonic current;
in the dynamic process, the given value of the exciting current is the rated maximum value or the rated minimum value.
8. A three-phase AC speed regulation system according to claim 7,
and in a steady state, the control circuit obtains reference given values of the exciting current under different control targets according to a vector control method, and if the maximum reference given value is greater than the current exciting current given value, the excitation current given value is updated to the reference given value.
9. The three-phase ac speed regulation system of claim 4, wherein the third harmonic current injected by the harmonic injection excitation circuit into the input voltage selector is:
wherein, P m For the input power, P, of the sinusoidal electro-magnetically excited doubly salient machine f Power, U, consumed for the excitation winding of the sinusoidal electrically excited doubly salient motor N Is the magnitude of the phase voltage of the three-phase ac power supply, and theta is the phase angle of the phase voltage of the three-phase ac power supply.
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