CN104638990A - Asymmetrical excitation method for single-winding multiphase magnetic suspension switched reluctance generator - Google Patents

Asymmetrical excitation method for single-winding multiphase magnetic suspension switched reluctance generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104638990A
CN104638990A CN201510065478.7A CN201510065478A CN104638990A CN 104638990 A CN104638990 A CN 104638990A CN 201510065478 A CN201510065478 A CN 201510065478A CN 104638990 A CN104638990 A CN 104638990A
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phase
excitation
winding
switching tube
brachium pontis
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CN104638990B (en
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朱志莹
孙玉坤
杨凯
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Nanjing Institute of Technology
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Nanjing Institute of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices

Abstract

The invention discloses an asymmetrical excitation method for a single-winding multiphase magnetic suspension switched reluctance generator. The asymmetrical excitation method comprises the following steps: (1) connecting a load, diodes, switch tubes and capacitors of a main generator of the switched reluctance generator in parallel in an asymmetrical half-bridge structure; (2) in the voltage excitation process of an electric power bus at a startup stage, turning on/off a first phase upper bridge arm switch tube and a first phase lower bridge arm switch tube in due time; (3) after stable output voltage is established, in a no-voltage excitation process, controlling a suspension force to be increased and reduced by shortening and prolonging idle running time; (4) turning on the first phase lower bridge arm switch tube after idle running is ended, and performing freewheeling on windings through DC (direct current) link; meanwhile, enabling an inductance value of a next phase winding to enter a rising region; turning off a next phase lower bridge arm switch tube to enable the next phase winding to start excitation, and repeating the steps (2) to (4) on all the rest phase windings. According to the asymmetrical excitation method disclosed by the invention, asymmetrical excitation in one phase is realized by shortening and prolonging an idle running excitation interval, and an excitation part is allowed to have overlapping time so as to compensate the suspension force and excitation energy.

Description

The asymmetric exciting method of a kind of single coil multi-phase magnetic suspension switch magnetic group generator
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exciting method, be specifically related to the asymmetric exciting method of a kind of single coil multi-phase magnetic suspension switch magnetic group generator.
Background technology
The stator of switched reluctance machines and the similitude of magnetic bearing stator structure, combine magnetic bearing technology with switched reluctance machines formation magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor.This magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor is firm in structure both can be used as electric operation without friction, excitation can generate electricity again, was applicable to high speed energy storage motor field.Simplex winding magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor, its independent winding is more, and motor copper factor is high, is another study hotspot after double winding magnetic suspension motor.In structure, the excitation of this motor is a set of winding with suspending, excitation process is similar to general switched reluctance machines, because winding serves as suspension and excitation two kinds of functions simultaneously, winding can not be connected only with independent excitation, and needs to obtain rotor relative position to determine to export generating domain.
The document " design of complete period bearing-free bearingless switched reluctance generator " being published in " Proceedings of the CSEE " for 2011 proposes a kind of magnetic levitation switch magnetic resistance complete-period generator, its suspending windings serves as suspension and excitation two kinds of functions simultaneously, and complete excitation pass in suspending windings to have no progeny, main winding afterflow generates electricity.But this motor excitation winding is overlapping with suspending windings magnetic circuit, the exciting current that is simultaneously energized has considerable influence to radial load, and suspending power and generating voltage exist nonlinear coupling relationship, and this makes suspension and power generation performance be difficult to balance.
For any driving system for switched reluctance, its excitation and demagnetization are all that periodic, traditional mode of operation has pulse and copped wave excitation mode.By the angle signal of position sensor feedback, by power switched converter during low speed, busbar voltage is applied to winding and carries out excitation, and to peak current copped wave amplitude limit.Served as rotor aligned position, opened switch and apply negative voltage by fly-wheel diode, portion of energy is also fed back to power supply by current attenuation.During high speed, what calculate through controller opens scram position angle, and successively open and manage up and down, electric current is circulated in diode and closed-loop path, and energy stores in the windings and consumes.General take low speed copped wave, method that high speed pulse Angle-domain imaging combines reduces excitation difficulty, but in excitation process, electric current constantly will adjust according to the feedback of displacement, electric current departs from tracking setting value unavoidably, causes suspending power unstability.In existing excitation mode, magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor high-speed cruising commutating period is short, and commutation excitation chop control difficulty is large, and higher chopping frequency adds the power loss of switching tube undoubtedly.
At present, for the many different power conversion topologies of known magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor, Fig. 2 is a most frequently used switch reluctance generator main circuit, and it can the winding of polyphase multipolar, in fig 2, motor winding DC bus and between connect with two MOS switching tubes.This circuit can be operated in positive bus-bar voltage excitation and no-voltage excitation Three models, and separate between winding and winding, to polyphase multipolar parallel connection not restriction.The DC link. capacitor at winding two ends, can send or absorb the freewheel current of each winding, according to capacity and the number of actual winding power output configuration link electric capacity in parallel.
On this circuit base, application number be 02118406.2 invention " excitation of switched reluctance machines " announce a kind of method controlling heterogeneous switched reluctance machines, it carries out idle cycle to obtain the Driving Torque of motor after completing its normal excitation period mutually by one, the idle running step increased between two-phase starts does not introduce electric current from power supply, substantially increases excitation efficiency.But this excitation mode, take the mode of a phase winding series connection, can only keep symmetrical excitation to the electric current of pole winding, balanced radial force can not support rotor suspension.On the other hand, its magnetization energy major part is converted into torque and exports, and only has small part to terminate to feed back to bus power supply in excitation.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that prior art exists, the object of the invention is to provide the asymmetric exciting method of a kind of single coil multi-phase magnetic suspension switch magnetic group generator, by shortening and extend the interval asymmetric excitation realized in a phase of idle running excitation, last phase excitation terminates afterflow, a rear phase continues excitation, allows excitation part to have overlapping time to compensate suspending power and magnetization energy.
To achieve these goals, the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
The asymmetric exciting method of a kind of single coil multi-phase magnetic suspension switch magnetic group generator of the present invention, comprises following step:
(1) load of switch reluctance generator main circuit, fly-wheel diode, MOS switching tube, electric capacity is in parallel according to asymmetrical half-bridge structure, DC bus one end composition field excitation branch line, DC link one end composition afterflow branch road; (2) startup stage, the position angle of rotor with salient pole center line relative stator salient pole center line reduces gradually and is negative value, then the inductance value of first-phase winding phsase-1, phsase-2, phsase-3, phsase-4 enters rising area, now by all closed for brachium pontis switching tube under brachium pontis switching tube on first-phase and first-phase, power supply and first-phase winding form closed-loop path; In power rail voltage excitation process, according to the amplitude limit width of winding current, if winding current exceedes the amplitude limit width upper limit, then to open on first-phase brachium pontis switching tube under brachium pontis switching tube and first-phase, if winding current is lower than amplitude limit width lower limit, then to turn off on first-phase brachium pontis switching tube under brachium pontis switching tube and first-phase, avoid winding current peak value excessive; (3) after setting up stable output voltage, the position angle of described rotor with salient pole center line relative stator salient pole center line is close to zero, brachium pontis switching tube on first-phase is opened, winding and power source bus disconnect, brachium pontis switching tube composition idle running under first-phase winding, lower brachium pontis fly-wheel diode and first-phase, winding exciting voltage is zero; In no-voltage excitation process, control suspending power increase by shortening and extend the idle period and reduce, idle cycle relies on residual magnetism excitation; (4) idle running terminates, the position angle of described rotor with salient pole center line relative stator salient pole center line increase gradually and on the occasion of, the inductance value of first-phase winding enters decline district, is now opened by brachium pontis switching tube under first-phase, and first-phase winding is by the afterflow of DC link; Simultaneously, the inductance value of a phase winding enters rising area, brachium pontis switching tube under this phase closed, and this phase winding starts excitation, and all the other each phase windings repeat step (2) ~ (4).
In power rail voltage excitation process, winding absorbs energy from bus; Residual magnetism excitation is relied in no-voltage excitation process; Excitation terminates then by the afterflow of DC link.
The bus of whole excitation process main circuit is the circuit that DC power supply connects winding; DC link is the continuous current circuit of each independent winding in parallel; DC link. capacitor absorbs bus current in the excitation stage, and excitation terminates to be load supplying together with winding in parallel.
In step (2), the excitation time of described first-phase winding phsase-1, phsase-2, phsase-3, phsase-4 is identical, and the magnetization energy absorbed is also identical.
In step (4), the while of forward and backward phase winding, the time of excitation is the time compensating suspending power and magnetization energy.
Exciting method of the present invention can in asymmetric excitation situation, the remanent magnetism under idling conditions in winding is utilized to maintain excitation, the length of idle period depends on and the size of exciting current in winding improves the operating efficiency of excitation, generating, suspension, reduces current chopping frequency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is existing single coil multi-phase magnetic suspension switch reluctance generator structural representation;
Fig. 2 is existing switch reluctance generator main circuit topological structure;
Fig. 3 is the power circuit figure of single coil multi-phase magnetic suspension switch reluctance generator of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the topological structure signal that excitation mode of the present invention is implemented.
Fig. 5 is the electricity cyclic process of busbar voltage excitation stage;
Fig. 6 is the electricity cyclic process of idle running residual magnetism excitation stage;
Fig. 7 is the cyclic process of afterflow feedback stage electricity;
Fig. 8 is three-phase commutation signal;
Fig. 9 adds copped wave and no-voltage idle cycle before and after no-voltage excitation, the waveform in inductance and excitation interval;
The different neutral angle of Figure 10, output voltage waveforms.
Embodiment
The technological means realized for making the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.
The present invention is for solving existing bearingless switched reluctance generator, and every pole winding independent excitation efficiency is low, the large problem of high speed chop control exciting current difficulty.The excitation strategy that the excitation stage of the present invention adopts a kind of busbar voltage excitation and residual magnetism excitation to combine.This strategy allows suspended phase to disconnect busbar voltage in the excitation stage, adopts residual magnetism excitation.Exciting method in asymmetric excitation situation, can regulate residual magnetism excitation siding-to-siding block length, controls exciting current, improves the operating efficiency of excitation, generating, suspension, reduce current chopping frequency.
The asymmetric exciting method of a kind of single coil multi-phase magnetic suspension switch magnetic group generator comprises: excitation first-phase; Then encourage second-phase, disconnect first-phase busbar voltage in good time, allow second-phase startup excitation and first-phase to overlap, the process of excitation comprises busbar voltage excitation and no-voltage excitation stage; In the bus excitation stage, winding absorbs energy from bus, and the no-voltage excitation stage relies on residual magnetism excitation; Excitation terminates by the afterflow of DC link.
Circuits for driving bus is described to the circuit that DC power supply connects winding, the DC link of converter is as the continuous current circuit connecting each independent winding in parallel, DC link. capacitor absorbs bus current in the excitation stage, and excitation terminates to be load supplying together with winding in parallel.
Startup stage rotor with salient pole relative stator salient pole " enter " angular position theta on, winding inductance then enters rising area, and a mutually upper and lower switch is all closed.This process opens upper and lower switching tube in good time, and current chopping amplitude limit avoids peak value excessive, and phase winding phsase-1, phsase-2, phsase-3, phsase-4 excitation time is identical, and the magnetization energy absorbed is also identical.After setting up stable output voltage, angle, rotor in-position θ off1, upper brachium pontis switch opens, winding, diode and lower switch form idle running loop; Rotor " enters " angular position theta off2, and inductance enters decline district, lower switch opens, and winding is by the afterflow of DC link, and simultaneously, a phase winding inductance enters rising area, and switch closes winding and starts excitation, and all the other respectively repeat the above process of first-phase winding mutually.
Excitation mode winding exciting voltage has positive voltage and no-voltage two kinds of mode, without negative voltage mode.Start and the low cruise stage, rotor is supported by auxiliary bearing, and winding exciting current is identical.
Suspension stages, successively disconnects upper and lower switching tube, and lower formation idle running loop between pipe and winding, realize no-voltage excitation, the rate of change of winding inductance affects the Natural Attenuation of exciting current.
The control of winding exciting current, determines to export generation region by position sensor signal.
Exciting method of the present invention, is applicable to multi-phase magnetic suspension switched reluctance electric generator.See Fig. 1, a kind of multi-phase magnetic suspension switched reluctance machines structure comprises in stator poles 12 independent winding (A1 ~ A4, B1 ~ B4, C 1 ~ C4), four cover winding (Nx1, Nx2 of each phase, Ny1, Ny2) in corresponding exciting current (isa1, isa2, isa3, isa4), subscript "+" represents that electric current flows into suspending windings, subscript "-" represents that electric current goes out suspending windings, suspending power (Fx1, Fx2 that all directions are inducted, Fy1, Fy2).The turn-on sequence of control ABC three-phase excitation current and ON time, the while of can encouraging maglev mutually by one, another phase obtains the generating voltage expected.
Go to implement the present invention in shown motor winding construction at such as Fig. 1, winding connection has the asymmetrical half-bridge separate excitation structure shown in Fig. 3.Power topological circuit comprises three-phase windings A phase PHASEA1, PHASEA2, PHASEA3, PHASEA4, B phase PHASEB1, PHASEB2, PHASEB3, PHASEB4, C phase PHASEC1, PHASEC2, PHASEC3, PHASEC4, DC link capacitance C1 to the Cn of each brachium pontis of three-phase, each brachium pontis upper and lower MOS switching tube S1 to Sn, sustained diode 1 is to Dn.
Single structure composition composition graphs 4 illustrates, namely winding 1 is by fly-wheel diode 2DC link capacitance 3 current/voltage transducer 4 loop, and by position displacement transducer 5 feedback signal be arranged on rotor, control switch 6 is opened shutoff and completed each cycle excitation con-trol.
Fig. 5 to Fig. 7 is respectively the electricity cyclic process of busbar voltage excitation stage; The electricity cyclic process of idle running residual magnetism excitation stage; The cyclic process of afterflow feedback stage electricity.
In Fig. 8 the pulse signal of each position transducer correspond to be suitable for the commutation signal of motor, all phase signals and multi-phase magnetic suspension switching magnetic-resistance mutually in the minimum and maximum position consistency of inductance.In Fig. 8, square-wave pulse is the phase signals of the electricity circulation of electric motor starting and low-speed stage, is in control aforementioned excitation order to be up and down: the afterflow of A phase excitation B phase; The afterflow of C phase excitation A phase; The afterflow of B phase excitation C phase; The afterflow of A phase excitation B phase.
Composition graphs 9 Inductive position, excitation phase signals is in the less position of suspending power, and it is maximum that the little bus of back electromotive force absorbs magnetization energy, starts subsequent flows set up stable output voltage fast in next phase excitation.
After stable output voltage set up by motor, the dash area of Fig. 8 is the phase signals that suspending power produces region, and the excitation order of pipe is up and down: AB phase excitation, the afterflow of A phase excitation B phase, CA phase excitation, the afterflow of C phase excitation A phase, BC phase excitation, the afterflow of B phase excitation C phase, AB phase excitation.Composition graphs 9 Inductive position under this excitation order, the commutation stage is always in the larger position of suspending power, faces the phase process of motivation and is formed idle running by proper extension.In Fig. 9, inductance top area back electromotive force is comparatively large, absorbs a large amount of magnetization energy cause magnetization energy to waste from bus; Rotor pole overlapping positions, suspending power is not linear with position angle, and forced exciting can cause the violent disturbance of current sensor feedback signal, and the residual flux excitation under relying on idling conditions in winding, face without the need to controlling measurement electric currents such as copped wave amplitude limits.Idle running residual magnetism excitation is no-voltage, and controlling current amplitude according to the angle of flow does not increase chopping frequency, and the magnetization energy of winding idling loss is little.
According to the idle electric current that controller calculates, givenly manage not cut-off signal in the same time up and down, as shown in Figure 9, when rotary speed is stablized, the decay of electric current when dallying depends on that the IR of winding falls and the pressure drop forward of diode and switching tube to whole excitation afterflow process current waveform.Such as, in the excitation process of A phase winding in FIG, the displacement signal that current vortex sensor gathers, calculates exciting current corresponding to each winding through controller process.When the corresponding rotor of PHASEB phase afterflow departs from comparatively far away, α direction is compensated by A1 and the A3 winding suspending power provided that dallies, and β direction is compensated by A2 and the A4 winding suspending power provided that dallies.According to the idle running of no-voltage excitation of the present invention, provide level and smooth electric current to realize the transition of suspending power in rotor intersection.
Voltage waveform after PHASEA1 and the PHASEA2 excitation that Figure 10 is terminates, the impact of the decay of electric current and the rate of change of inductance, induced electromotive force DC link capacitance plays the effect of winding voltage stabilizing in parallel.At several typical idle running Angle Position, can find out that DC sees the change of link capacitance both end voltage, this by the feedback of controller according to electric current and voltage, can control the waveform of output voltage.
The present invention can be applicable to the magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor of identical winding construction, to dally the change-over circuit of no-voltage by suitably adjusting excitation order and polyphase system, i.e. exportable controlled suspending power reduce Current Control difficulty.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection range is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (5)

1. the asymmetric exciting method of single coil multi-phase magnetic suspension switch magnetic group generator, is characterized in that, comprise following step:
(1) load of switch reluctance generator main circuit, fly-wheel diode, MOS switching tube, electric capacity is in parallel according to asymmetrical half-bridge structure, DC bus one end composition field excitation branch line, DC link one end composition afterflow branch road;
(2) startup stage, the position angle of rotor with salient pole center line relative stator salient pole center line reduces gradually and is negative value, then the inductance value of first-phase winding phsase-1, phsase-2, phsase-3, phsase-4 enters rising area, now by all closed for brachium pontis switching tube under brachium pontis switching tube on first-phase and first-phase, power supply and first-phase winding form closed-loop path; In power rail voltage excitation process, according to the amplitude limit width of winding current, if winding current exceedes the amplitude limit width upper limit, then to open on first-phase brachium pontis switching tube under brachium pontis switching tube and first-phase, if winding current is lower than amplitude limit width lower limit, then to turn off on first-phase brachium pontis switching tube under brachium pontis switching tube and first-phase, avoid winding current peak value excessive;
(3) after setting up stable output voltage, the position angle of described rotor with salient pole center line relative stator salient pole center line is close to zero, brachium pontis switching tube on first-phase is opened, winding and power source bus disconnect, brachium pontis switching tube composition idle running under first-phase winding, lower brachium pontis fly-wheel diode and first-phase, winding exciting voltage is zero; In no-voltage excitation process, control suspending power increase by shortening and extend the idle period and reduce, idle cycle relies on residual magnetism excitation;
(4) idle running terminates, the position angle of described rotor with salient pole center line relative stator salient pole center line increase gradually and on the occasion of, the inductance value of first-phase winding enters decline district, is now opened by brachium pontis switching tube under first-phase, and first-phase winding is by the afterflow of DC link; Simultaneously, the inductance value of a phase winding enters rising area, brachium pontis switching tube under this phase closed, and this phase winding starts excitation, and all the other each phase windings repeat step (2) ~ (4).
2. the asymmetric exciting method of single coil multi-phase magnetic suspension switch magnetic group generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in power rail voltage excitation process, winding absorbs energy from bus; Residual magnetism excitation is relied in no-voltage excitation process; Excitation terminates then by the afterflow of DC link.
3. the asymmetric exciting method of single coil multi-phase magnetic suspension switch magnetic group generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the bus of whole excitation process main circuit is the circuit that DC power supply connects winding; DC link is the continuous current circuit of each independent winding in parallel; DC link. capacitor absorbs bus current in the excitation stage, and excitation terminates to be load supplying together with winding in parallel.
4. the asymmetric exciting method of single coil multi-phase magnetic suspension switch magnetic group generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (2), the excitation time of described first-phase winding phsase-1, phsase-2, phsase-3, phsase-4 is identical, and the magnetization energy absorbed is also identical.
5. the asymmetric exciting method of single coil multi-phase magnetic suspension switch magnetic group generator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (4), the while of forward and backward phase winding, the time of excitation is the time compensating suspending power and magnetization energy.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106953580A (en) * 2017-04-11 2017-07-14 南京埃克锐特机电科技有限公司 A kind of power inverter of magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor
CN110535400A (en) * 2019-06-15 2019-12-03 戴明途 A kind of energy-saving motor device based on energy compensating
CN116094253A (en) * 2023-04-12 2023-05-09 苏州苏磁智能科技有限公司 Single-winding magnetic suspension motor with magnetic protection structure and magnetic suspension equipment

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108039844B (en) * 2017-12-14 2019-09-06 中国计量大学 A kind of switch reluctance generator power inverter and regulation method

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CN103337938A (en) * 2013-06-20 2013-10-02 南京航空航天大学 12/4 pole single winding bearingless switch reluctance motor and control method thereof
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JP2006314172A (en) * 2005-05-09 2006-11-16 Komatsu Ltd Motor drive unit
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CN103475292A (en) * 2013-08-13 2013-12-25 燕山大学 Switch magnetic resistance generator system capable of realizing rapid excitation/demagnetization
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106953580A (en) * 2017-04-11 2017-07-14 南京埃克锐特机电科技有限公司 A kind of power inverter of magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor
CN106953580B (en) * 2017-04-11 2019-02-26 南京埃克锐特机电科技有限公司 A kind of power inverter of magnetic suspension switched reluctance motor
CN110535400A (en) * 2019-06-15 2019-12-03 戴明途 A kind of energy-saving motor device based on energy compensating
CN116094253A (en) * 2023-04-12 2023-05-09 苏州苏磁智能科技有限公司 Single-winding magnetic suspension motor with magnetic protection structure and magnetic suspension equipment

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