CN114553077B - Boost excitation topology control method for power converter of switched reluctance breeze generator - Google Patents

Boost excitation topology control method for power converter of switched reluctance breeze generator Download PDF

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CN114553077B
CN114553077B CN202210218512.XA CN202210218512A CN114553077B CN 114553077 B CN114553077 B CN 114553077B CN 202210218512 A CN202210218512 A CN 202210218512A CN 114553077 B CN114553077 B CN 114553077B
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switch tube
igbt switch
excitation
phase
capacitor
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CN114553077A (en
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李红伟
明兴莹
罗华林
亢庆林
房檑
龚旭辉
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Southwest Petroleum University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/305Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2101/00Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
    • H02P2101/15Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a boost excitation topology control method of a power converter of a switched reluctance breeze generator, wherein a main circuit consists of an excitation circuit and a follow current circuit, the excitation circuit and the follow current circuit are independent from each other, the control is convenient, the excitation is realized by adopting a separate excitation mode, the excitation DC power supply always provides excitation voltage in the operation process, the capacitor mainly plays the roles of voltage stabilization and filtering, the fluctuation of output voltage and current is greatly reduced, and the power generation quality is better; the main circuit topology structure adopts a four-phase 8/6 pole H bridge structure, four-phase power generation has more excellent starting performance and lower torque pulsation, the number of switching electronic devices and the current capacity are greatly reduced through two-phase excitation, the cost is reduced, the reliability of the system is improved, and the overall power generation efficiency is improved by utilizing a Boost circuit. The invention has low cost, high reliability and good power generation quality, and is suitable for small and medium-sized distributed breeze power generation scenes.

Description

Boost excitation topology control method for power converter of switched reluctance breeze generator
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of switched reluctance wind power generation, in particular to a boost excitation topology control method of a power converter of a switched reluctance breeze generator.
Background
With the implementation of the related policies of fourteen-five planning in China, wind power generation is greatly developed in China, and the domestic hot trend of wind power generation application research is promoted. The switched reluctance generator has been applied to the fields of aviation industry, electric vehicles and wind power generation because of the characteristics of simple and firm structure, no rotor winding, no permanent magnet, high reliability and the like. The switched reluctance generator has higher stability and efficiency in a wider rotating speed range, can omit a speed increasing box, and is very suitable for being applied to the field of wind power generation.
The traditional switch reluctance wind driven generator adopts a three-phase 12/8-level structure to perform energy conversion in a self-excitation mode, and the scheme has a simple structure and does not need an external power supply after voltage establishment, but the output voltage of the switch reluctance wind driven generator is unstable and the power generation efficiency is low due to uncertainty of wind power; at present, a main circuit of a power converter of a switched reluctance generator takes an asymmetric half-bridge structure as a main circuit, 2 IGBT switching devices and 2 freewheel diodes are needed for a single-phase winding, and more electronic devices are needed, so that the cost of a power generation system is greatly increased; moreover, when the rotation speed of the generator is low, the conventional asymmetric half-bridge power converter cannot generate enough kinetic electromotive force, so that the utilization rate and the efficiency of the generator are reduced.
In summary, there is no current switched reluctance generator power converter circuit that is generally used under various operating conditions, and an optimal design scheme must be made for a specific system. In order to solve the problems, on the premise of controlling the cost, the output voltage response of the switched reluctance power generation system is improved, the energy conversion efficiency between the load and the switched reluctance power generator is improved, and the stability of the output voltage and the overall power generation efficiency of the switched reluctance wind power generation system are further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the background technology and the problems, the invention provides a topology control method of a four-phase 8/6-pole switch reluctance generator power converter adopting a separate excitation mode, wherein a main circuit of the power converter adopts an H-bridge structure, so that the number of switch electronic devices is reduced to a great extent, torque pulsation and current fluctuation are reduced by adopting a two-phase excitation mode, and output voltage is improved by utilizing a Boost circuit.
The specific technical scheme adopted is as follows:
the structure of the power converter of the switched reluctance breeze generator is four-phase 8/6 poles, and the power converter is technically characterized in that each phase conduction interval is 30 degrees, each turn of 24 steps is provided, and the step angle is 15 degrees; compared with the traditional three-phase 12/8-pole switched reluctance generator, the four-phase switched reluctance generator has much better starting performance, smaller torque fluctuation, and can continuously output stable voltage when the rotating speed of the generator is lower, and is more suitable for use in the use scene of breeze power generation.
The power converter of the switched reluctance breeze generator consists of an excitation circuit and a follow current circuit, and is technically characterized in that a separate excitation feedback power generation working mode is adopted, excitation voltage is always provided by the excitation direct current power supply in the running process, the excitation circuit and the follow current circuit are independent, output voltage is independent of the excitation voltage, and the excitation voltage and the follow current circuit can be independently regulated, so that the control is more convenient; and the capacitor mainly plays roles in voltage stabilization and filtering, so that the fluctuation of output voltage and current in the separately excited mode is far smaller than that in the self-excited mode.
The exciting circuit comprises a first capacitor, a first IGBT switch tube, a second IGBT switch tube, a third IGBT switch tube, a fourth IGBT switch tube, a first winding, a second winding, a third winding, a fourth winding and an exciting direct current power supply, and is technically characterized in that the positive pole of the exciting direct current power supply is used as the positive pole of an exciting circuit input and is connected with the positive pole of the first capacitor, the positive pole of the third IGBT switch tube and the positive pole of the fourth IGBT switch tube, the negative pole of the first capacitor is connected with the negative pole of the exciting direct current power supply, the negative pole of the third IGBT switch tube is connected with one end of the fourth winding and the third freewheeling diode, the negative pole of the fourth IGBT switch tube is connected with one end of the second winding and the fourth freewheeling diode, one end of any winding is connected with the other three windings by adopting an H-bridge connection method, the other end of the third winding is connected with the positive pole of the first IGBT switch tube, the other end of the first winding is connected with the positive pole of the second IGBT switch tube, and the negative pole of the first IGBT switch tube and the negative pole of the second IGBT switch tube are connected with the exciting direct current power supply.
The continuous current circuit consists of a first continuous current diode, a second continuous current diode, a third continuous current diode, a fourth continuous current diode, a fifth continuous current diode, a first winding, a second winding, a third winding, a fourth winding, a second capacitor and a variable load.
The beneficial effects are that:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with a three-phase 12/8-pole switched reluctance generator, the four-phase 8/6-pole switched reluctance generator has more excellent starting performance, and due to the structural advantage, the torque pulsation is greatly reduced, so that the four-phase 8/6-pole switched reluctance generator is more suitable for small and medium-sized distributed micro wind power generation working scenes.
Compared with the feedback power generation adopting the self-excitation mode, the excitation voltage in the feedback power generation process adopting the separate excitation mode is directly provided by the excitation direct current power supply, the excitation direct current power supply is kept constant in the whole power generation process, the first capacitor mainly plays roles of voltage stabilization and filtering, fluctuation of output voltage and current is greatly reduced, and the power generation quality is better.
Compared with the traditional topological structure of the switch reluctance generator power converter of the asymmetric half-bridge, the switch reluctance breeze generator power converter adopts an H-bridge main loop based on Boost excitation, the structure adopts two-phase excitation, torque fluctuation is obviously reduced compared with single-phase excitation, and the two-phase current amplitude is lower than that of the single-phase excitation, and the topological structure greatly reduces the use quantity and current capacity of high-performance switch electronic devices, improves the reliability of the system while reducing the cost, and has lower requirements on an excitation direct current power supply and higher power generation efficiency due to Boost excitation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a switched reluctance breeze generator power converter topology of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a four-phase 8/6 pole switched reluctance breeze generator body structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an AB phase excitation power generation topology of the power converter of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a BC phase excitation power generation topology of the power converter of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power converter CD phase excitation topology of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a DA phase excitation topology of the power converter of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The generation principle of the switched reluctance generator follows the "reluctance minimum principle", i.e. the magnetic flux always closes along the path of least reluctance, so that when the rotor axis does not coincide with the axis of the stator poles, there is a reluctance force acting on the rotor to create a position where it tends to be least reluctance, i.e. a position where the two axes coincide.
Example 1:
as shown in FIG. 2, the structure of the switched reluctance generator body is four-phase 8/6 poles, and the switched reluctance generator is driven by wind power to rotate in a counterclockwise direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the windings A, B are energized in two phases, i.e., the IGBT switch S 2 And S is 4 Conducting A, B two-phase winding is excited by DC power supply to form a closed loop, and a capacitor U 0 And plays roles of voltage stabilization and filtering. According to the "principle of shortest magnetic circuit", the rotor poles 1, 2 will have a tendency to move towards the stator poles A, B and will be subjected to a moment in this direction, i.e. clockwise, opposite to the driving moment, while the mechanical energy on the rotor will be converted into magnetic energy to be stored in the magnetic field. When IGBT switch tube S 2 And S is 4 When turned off, A, B winding phase current passes through diode D 2 And D 4 The current direction in the winding is not changed, and the magnetic energy stored in the magnetic field is released and converted into electric energy which is stored in the capacitor U c And can be controlled by adjusting the variable load R L The magnitude of the output voltage is controlled, so that A, B phase excitation power generation process with the magnetic field as a medium between mechanical energy and electric energy is completed.
Example 2:
at this time, as shown in FIG. 4, giveWinding B, C is energized in two phases, i.e. IGBT switch tube S 1 And S is 4 On, B, C two-phase winding passes through DC power supply U s Exciting to form a closed loop, and a capacitor U 0 And plays roles of voltage stabilization and filtering. According to the principle of magnetic circuit shortest, the external force is opposite to the driving moment direction, and then the mechanical energy on the rotor is converted into magnetic energy to be stored in a magnetic field. When IGBT switch tube S 1 And S is 4 When turned off, B, C winding phase current passes through diode D 1 And D 4 The current direction in the winding is not changed, and the magnetic energy stored in the magnetic field is released and converted into electric energy which is stored in the capacitor U c And can be controlled by adjusting the variable load R L The magnitude of the output voltage is controlled, so that B, C phase excitation power generation process with the magnetic field as a medium between mechanical energy and electric energy is completed.
Example 3:
as shown in FIG. 5, the windings C, D are energized in two phases, i.e., the IGBT switch S 1 And S is 3 On, C, D two-phase winding passes through DC power supply U s Exciting to form a closed loop, and a capacitor U 0 And plays roles of voltage stabilization and filtering. According to the principle of magnetic circuit shortest, the external force is opposite to the driving moment direction, and then the mechanical energy on the rotor is converted into magnetic energy to be stored in a magnetic field. When IGBT switch tube S 1 And S is 3 When turned off, C, D winding phase current passes through diode D 1 And D 3 The current direction in the winding is not changed, and the magnetic energy stored in the magnetic field is released and converted into electric energy which is stored in the capacitor U c And can be controlled by adjusting the variable load R L The magnitude of the output voltage is controlled, so that the C, D separately excited power generation process which takes the magnetic field as the medium between the mechanical energy and the electric energy is completed.
Example 4:
as shown in FIG. 6, the windings D, A are energized in two phases, i.e., the IGBT switch S 2 And S is 3 On, D, A two-phase winding passes through DC power supply U s Exciting to form a closed loop, and a capacitor U 0 And plays roles of voltage stabilization and filtering. According to the principle of magnetic circuit shortestThe force is opposite to the drive torque and the mechanical energy on the rotor is then converted into magnetic energy which is stored in the magnetic field. When IGBT switch tube S 2 And S is 3 When turned off, D, A winding phase current passes through diode D 2 And D 3 The current direction in the winding is not changed, and the magnetic energy stored in the magnetic field is released and converted into electric energy which is stored in the capacitor U c And can be controlled by adjusting the variable load R L The magnitude of the output voltage is controlled, so that D, A phase excitation power generation process with the magnetic field as a medium between mechanical energy and electric energy is completed.
Therefore, each phase of the generator is continuously excited according to the sequence of AB-BC-CD-DA-AB, and the mechanical energy acted on the rotor is continuously converted into electric energy, so that the efficient and stable power generation operation is realized. In addition, if the direction of external force acting on the rotor of the switch reluctance generator is changed, the power generation state can be maintained only by changing the excitation sequence of each phase, namely DC-CB-BA-AD-DC, which is also a great advantage of the switch reluctance generator, namely that forward and reverse rotation operation can be realized.

Claims (1)

1. A boost excitation topology control method of a power converter of a switched reluctance breeze generator comprises the steps that a switched reluctance generator body adopts a four-phase 8/6 pole structure, a main circuit consists of an excitation circuit and a follow current circuit, the excitation circuit and the follow current circuit are independent from each other, and the excitation circuit consists of a first capacitor, a first IGBT switch tube, a second IGBT switch tube, a third IGBT switch tube, a fourth IGBT switch tube, a four-phase winding and an excitation direct current power supply; the current-continuing circuit consists of a first free-wheeling diode, a second free-wheeling diode, a third free-wheeling diode, a fourth free-wheeling diode, a fifth free-wheeling diode, a four-phase winding, a second capacitor and a variable load;
the method is characterized in that excitation is performed in a separate excitation mode, excitation voltage is always provided by the excitation direct current power supply in the operation process, the first capacitor plays roles of voltage stabilization and filtering, the positive pole of the excitation direct current power supply is used as an input positive pole end of an excitation circuit and is connected with the positive poles of the first capacitor, the positive poles of the third IGBT switch tube and the positive poles of the fourth IGBT switch tube, and the negative pole of the excitation direct current power supply is used as an input negative pole end of the excitation circuit and is connected with the negative poles of the first capacitor, the negative poles of the first IGBT switch tube and the negative poles of the second IGBT switch tube;
the first freewheeling diode cathode and the second freewheeling diode cathode are connected with a fifth freewheeling diode anode, the fifth freewheeling diode cathode is connected with a second capacitor anode and one end of a variable load, the third freewheeling diode anode and the fourth freewheeling diode anode are connected with the second capacitor cathode and the other end of the variable load, the first freewheeling diode anode is connected with the first IGBT switch tube anode, the second freewheeling diode anode is connected with the second IGBT switch tube anode, the third freewheeling diode cathode is connected with the third IGBT switch tube cathode, and the fourth freewheeling diode cathode is connected with the fourth IGBT switch tube cathode;
the four-phase winding adopts an H bridge connection method, one end of the ABCD four-phase winding is connected, the other end of the A-phase winding is connected with the anode of the second IGBT switch tube, the other end of the B-phase winding is connected with the cathode of the fourth IGBT switch tube, the other end of the C-phase winding is connected with the anode of the first IGBT switch tube, and the other end of the D-phase winding is connected with the cathode of the third IGBT switch tube;
when the second IGBT switch tube and the fourth IGBT switch tube are conducted, a A, B two-phase winding is electrified, and when the second IGBT switch tube and the fourth IGBT switch tube are turned off, A, B winding phase current freewheels through a second freewheeling diode anode and a fourth freewheeling diode, and electric energy is stored in a second capacitor;
when the first IGBT switch tube and the fourth IGBT switch tube are conducted, a B, C two-phase winding is electrified, and when the first IGBT switch tube and the fourth IGBT switch tube are turned off, B, C winding phase current freewheels through a first freewheeling diode anode and a fourth freewheeling diode, and electric energy is stored in a second capacitor;
when the first IGBT switch tube and the third IGBT switch tube are conducted, a C, D two-phase winding is electrified, and when the first IGBT switch tube and the third IGBT switch tube are turned off, C, D winding phase current is in continuous current through the anode of the first continuous current diode and the third continuous current diode, and electric energy is stored to the second capacitor;
when the second IGBT switch tube and the third IGBT switch tube are conducted, a D, A two-phase winding is electrified, and when the second IGBT switch tube and the third IGBT switch tube are turned off, D, A winding phase current freewheels through a second freewheeling diode anode and a third freewheeling diode, and electric energy is stored in a second capacitor;
the phases of the generator are continuously excited according to the sequence of AB-BC-CD-DA-AB, and stable voltage is continuously output when the rotating speed is low.
CN202210218512.XA 2022-03-06 2022-03-06 Boost excitation topology control method for power converter of switched reluctance breeze generator Active CN114553077B (en)

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