CN114857986A - Super-lipophilic evaporator with multistage micro-nano structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Super-lipophilic evaporator with multistage micro-nano structure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
The invention provides a super-lipophilic evaporator with a multistage micro-nano structure and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of evaporators. The super-lipophilic evaporator with the multistage micro-nano structure comprises a substrate layer and a groove layer, wherein the groove layer comprises parallel grooves and crossed grooves, and the included angle between the crossed grooves and the parallel grooves is 0-90 degrees. The parallel grooves and the cross grooves are primary grooves, the bottom of the primary groove comprises a secondary groove, and the bottom of the primary groove and the surface of the evaporator on one side of the primary groove comprise particles. Wherein the primary groove is micron-sized, the secondary groove is submicron-sized, and the particles are nano-particles. The invention utilizes the pulse laser to carry out surface treatment on the substrate, and ablates and prepares a multi-level micro-nano structure on the surface of the evaporator substrate to enhance the lipophilicity and the oil conductivity of the evaporator substrate, thereby realizing the optimization of the evaporation performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of evaporators, in particular to a super-lipophilic evaporator with a multistage micro-nano structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Evaporation of liquids on solid surfaces is a common phenomenon in nature and industry. In the past, improvement of the evaporation efficiency of liquid has been a continuous pursuit in fields such as high heat flux thermal management, distillation, refrigeration, rankine cycle, electronic cigarette, interfacial chemical reaction, and the like. For example, a cooling heat pipe needs rapid evaporation of a low surface tension refrigerant, an evaporator is needed for distillation in the glycerol processing process, and tobacco tar and liquid medicine need heating and evaporation to generate aerosol for convenient suction. With the wide use of various low surface tension organic solvent oils, how to improve the evaporation efficiency of various oils and simultaneously keep the solution heated uniformly without being dried by burning has become a difficult point of evaporator application. The existing heating atomization evaporator has the phenomena of uneven temperature, poor heating effect and residual particles in use, and the atomization effect and the service life of the evaporator are reduced due to the problems.
For the evaporator, besides the heating temperature and the contact area, the properties of the evaporator, such as the substrate material, the surface roughness and the liquid wettability, determine the evaporation performance of the liquid on the surface of the evaporator. The wettability of a liquid on a solid surface is mainly determined by the chemical components of the solid surface and the micro-nano structure of the surface. In general, the better the wettability of a liquid on a solid surface, the better the heat transfer uniformity, and the higher the evaporation efficiency; meanwhile, the better the wettability is, the more uniform the liquid is spread, the more the dry burning phenomenon in the heating and evaporating process can be avoided, the performance of the evaporator can be maintained, and the service life of the evaporator can be prolonged. Unlike water, various oils tend to have lower surface tensions, higher dynamic viscosities, and weaker flow properties on solid surfaces. Therefore, the improvement of the lipophilicity and the oil guiding property of the surface of the evaporator is the key for improving the evaporation efficiency and uniformity of the oil product.
To further enhance the lipophilicity and oil-guiding properties of the evaporator surface, there are two main directions at present: firstly, increase solid surface's roughness and carry out surface chemical modification, make it change into super oleophilic state from oleophilic state, the wettability of reinforcing oil at solid surface to reinforcing oil spreads at solid surface, and increase heated area improves evaporation efficiency. For example, chemical corrosion, hydrothermal reaction, anodic oxidation and other methods are adopted to generate a micro-nano structure on the solid surface, and the surface is crosslinked with a low surface energy modifier to obtain the super-oleophylic effect. The method has the advantages of complex preparation process, high cost and relatively poor surface stability and durability; and secondly, an oil guide channel is added on the surface of the solid, the solid-liquid contact area is increased, the flowing property of the oil on the surface of the solid evaporator is enhanced, and the oil is prevented from being burnt out. Such as forming a capillary structure by using porous ceramics, etching a silk screen, mechanically drilling, laser drilling and the like, and enhancing the capillary flow and supplement of oil products. The method can provide insufficient capillary pressure and large flow resistance, is easy to cause local drying and residue, and has certain restriction on the performance of the evaporator.
The surfaces of the oil evaporators prepared by the various methods are difficult to realize the balance of high-efficiency and uniform evaporation performance and stable and simple preparation. Therefore, how to provide a high-efficiency uniform oil evaporator with simple preparation process and low cost is one of the technical problems to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a super-lipophilic evaporator with a multi-stage micro-nano structure and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the evaporator is simple and has low cost.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a super-lipophilic evaporator with a multistage micro-nano structure, which comprises a substrate layer and a groove layer, wherein the groove layer comprises parallel grooves and crossed grooves; the included angle between the crossed grooves and the parallel grooves is 0-90 degrees.
Further, the parallel grooves are parallel to the length direction of the substrate layer.
Further, the parallel grooves and the cross grooves are primary grooves; the bottom of the parallel trenches and the cross trenches include secondary trenches.
Further, the bottom of the primary groove and the surface of the evaporator on one side of the primary groove contain particles.
Further, the shape of the substrate layer is a flat plate, a wire mesh, a bent plate or a porous structure.
The invention provides a preparation method of a super-lipophilic evaporator with a multistage micro-nano structure, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out laser scanning etching on the evaporator substrate to obtain the super-lipophilic evaporator with the multistage micro-nano structure;
the laser is a pulse laser, and the pulse laser comprises a nanosecond laser, a picosecond laser or a femtosecond laser.
Furthermore, the evaporator substrate is made of one or more of aluminum, copper alloy, stainless steel, nickel-chromium alloy, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, pure titanium, pure nickel, aluminum oxide ceramic and silicon nitride ceramic.
Furthermore, the wavelength of the pulse laser is 355-1064 nm, the diameter of a light spot is 10-100 mu m, and the pulse width is 300 fs-200 ns.
Furthermore, the power of laser scanning is 1-100W, the scanning speed is 10-4000 mm/s, and the scanning frequency is 1-100 times.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the multi-stage micro-nano structure is prepared by adopting a pulse laser etching technology, so that the lipophilicity of the surface of the evaporator is greatly enhanced, and various oil products including glycerol, propylene glycol, paraffin oil, peanut oil, corn oil, tobacco tar and the like and mixtures thereof are in a super-oleophilic state (the contact angle is close to 0 degree) on the surface of the evaporator and spread on the surface of the evaporator. Meanwhile, various micro-nano structures effectively increase the solid-liquid contact area and the heating area, and improve the heat transfer efficiency between the evaporator and the oil product;
(2) the dynamic viscosity of common oil products is generally higher, so the flow resistance is higher, and particularly under the condition of low temperature, the supplement of the oil products in an evaporation area puts higher requirements on the capillary performance of a structure. According to the invention, by preparing the multistage micro-nano structure, strong capillary capacity can be formed no matter the first-stage micron groove, the second-stage submicron groove or the third-stage nano particles, so that the sufficient oil absorption capacity of the surface of the evaporator is ensured, oil in an evaporation area is supplemented in time, and local drying is effectively avoided; the excellent capillary performance greatly improves the use temperature range of the evaporator, and can ensure the rapid flow and supplement of various oil products within the range of room temperature to 400 ℃;
(3) the primary micron groove of the super-oleophylic multi-stage micro-nano structure forms an oil guide channel, oil can be guided to a region with concentrated heat as required, the all-around eight-direction groove oil guide channel has high permeability, resistance in the oil flowing process can be effectively reduced, oil can be supplemented in time, oil blockage is avoided, and evaporation uniformity is improved; particularly, the primary micron groove of the super-oleophylic micro-nano composite structure can be subjected to pattern design according to the use working condition, so that the surface of the evaporator has anisotropic oil guiding capacity, and the application range and the scene of the evaporator are expanded;
(4) micro-nano clusters and particle structures which are generated by laser ablation induction and have rich defects are densely distributed on the surface of the super-oleophylic multistage micro-nano structure which is periodically distributed, so that the solid-liquid contact area of evaporation can be effectively increased, the thickness of an oil film is reduced, more nucleation sites are provided for evaporation, the rapid generation and separation of steam are promoted, and the evaporation heat transfer efficiency and the temperature uniformity are greatly improved;
(5) the multistage micro-nano structure prepared by the high-power pulse laser is formed by ablation under high temperature and high pressure, and the metallurgical bonding is firm. The prepared multistage micro-nano structure is firm, not easy to crack, high in stability and durability and suitable for different working conditions. Meanwhile, the surface components are changed without using any chemical reagent, so that harmful substances are prevented from being generated in the heating and evaporating process. The multi-level micro-nano structure can keep stability and durability within the use range of room temperature to 400 ℃.
(6) The multistage micro-nano structure of the evaporator is prepared by high-power pulse laser in one step, the surface lipophilicity and the oil guiding property are enhanced, the process is simple, the cost is low, and large-area large-scale preparation can be realized. Simultaneously, to different operating modes, different yardstick, can be through adjusting laser beam machining mode: the method comprises the following steps of processing a micro-nano composite structure with different scales (depth, width, period and the like of the structure) and different appearances (parallel grooves, crossed grooves with different angles, micron cone arrays and the like) on the surface by using a laser scanning path, laser energy, laser frequency, a focusing position, repetition frequency, scanning speed and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a super-lipophilic evaporator with a multi-stage micro-nano structure prepared in embodiments 1 to 4 of the present invention, wherein 1 is a first-stage groove, 2 is a second-stage groove, and 3 is a particle;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of a multistage micro-nano structure on the surface of an evaporator prepared in embodiments 1-4 of the present invention, wherein 4 is a groove included angle of 0 degree, 5 is a groove included angle of 30 degrees, 6 is a groove included angle of 60 degrees, and 7 is a groove included angle of 90 degrees;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the contact angle of the surface of the super oleophilic evaporator to glycerol obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic surface view of the super-lipophilic evaporator obtained in embodiment 5 of the present invention, where 8 is a schematic plan view of an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire mesh plate, 9 is a plan scanning electron microscope view of an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire mesh plate, and 10 is a micro-nano composite cone structure.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a super-lipophilic evaporator with a multistage micro-nano structure, which comprises a substrate layer and a groove layer, wherein the groove layer comprises parallel grooves and crossed grooves; the included angle between the crossed grooves and the parallel grooves is 0-90 degrees.
In the invention, the included angle between the crossed grooves and the parallel grooves is preferably 30-60 degrees.
In the present invention, the parallel grooves are parallel to the length direction of the substrate layer.
In the invention, the parallel grooves and the crossed grooves are primary grooves; the bottom of the parallel trenches and the cross trenches include secondary trenches.
In the present invention, the bottom of the primary groove and the surface of the evaporator on one side of the primary groove contain particles.
In the invention, the primary groove is a primary micron groove, the secondary groove is a secondary submicron groove, and the particles are nanoparticles, nanoclusters or micro-nano composite cones.
In the invention, the length of the evaporator is L, the width of the evaporator is W, the height of the evaporator is H, the period of the first-level micron groove is 1/1000-1/100L, the depth of the first-level micron groove is 1/20-1/5H, and the width-depth ratio of the first-level micron groove to the depth of the first-level micron groove is 1: 1-3; preferably, the period of the first-level micron groove is 1/800-1/200L, the depth is 1/15-1/10H, and the width-depth ratio is 1: 2; further preferably, the period of the first-level micron groove is 1/500-1/300L, the depth is 1/12H, and the width-depth ratio is 1: 2.
in the invention, the period of the secondary submicron groove is 500-1500 nm, and the depth is 100-1000 nm; preferably, the period of the secondary submicron groove is 800-1200 nm, and the depth is 300-700 nm; further preferably, the period of the secondary submicron groove is 1000nm, and the depth is 400-500 nm.
In the invention, the size of the particles is 100-900 nm, preferably 200-800 nm, and more preferably 300-700 nm.
In the present invention, the substrate layer is in the shape of a flat plate, a wire mesh, a curved plate or a porous structure, preferably a flat plate or a wire mesh.
The invention provides a preparation method of a super-lipophilic evaporator with a multistage micro-nano structure, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out laser scanning etching on the evaporator substrate to obtain the super-lipophilic evaporator with the multistage micro-nano structure;
the laser is a pulse laser, and the pulse laser comprises a nanosecond laser, a picosecond laser or a femtosecond laser.
In the present invention, the pulsed laser is preferably a picosecond laser or a femtosecond laser.
In the invention, the evaporator substrate is made of one or more of aluminum alloy, copper alloy, stainless steel, nickel-chromium alloy, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, pure titanium, pure nickel, alumina ceramic and silicon nitride ceramic, preferably one or more of nickel-chromium alloy, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy and pure titanium.
In the invention, the wavelength of the pulse laser is 355-1064 nm, and preferably ultraviolet light (355-400 nm), green light (450-550 nm) or infrared light (800-1064 nm).
In the invention, the diameter of a light spot of the pulse laser is 10-100 mu m, and the pulse width is 300 fs-200 ns; preferably, the diameter of a light spot of the pulse laser is 30-70 mu m, and the pulse width is 300 fs-200 ps; more preferably, the spot diameter of the pulsed laser is 50 μm, and the pulse width is 10 to 200 ps.
In the invention, the power of laser scanning is 1-100W, the scanning speed is 10-4000 mm/s, and the scanning times are 1-100; preferably, the power of laser scanning is 20-80W, the scanning speed is 100-3800 mm/s, and the scanning times are 3-90; more preferably, the power of laser scanning is 40-50W, the scanning speed is 500-2500 mm/s, and the scanning times are 10-80.
In the invention, in the action process of the pulse laser and the evaporator substrate, the energy flux density in the high-energy pulse action area exceeds the ablation threshold of the substrate material, so that atoms and electronic particles in the ablation area are removed by explosion and react with oxygen elements in the atmosphere violently, and are deposited and solidified into nanoclusters or nanoparticles with rich defects, and the nanoclusters or nanoparticles are fully distributed on the surface of a groove formed by ablation to form a multistage micro-nano structure.
In the invention, after laser scanning and etching are carried out on the evaporator substrate, the evaporator substrate is sequentially subjected to ultrasonic cleaning and blow-drying to obtain the super-lipophilic evaporator with the multistage micro-nano structure.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Cutting the nickel-chromium alloy into a flat plate with the length L of 30mm, the width W of 30mm and the thickness H of 0.3mm, then using sand paper with different roughness to polish and polish, and finally using alcohol and deionized water to clean, thereby obtaining the evaporator substrate.
(2) The scanning path of the pulse laser is designed as a parallel line (included angle is 0 degree, 4 in fig. 2), and the femtosecond laser (with a central wavelength of 1030nm and an adjustable pulse width of 300fs) with a repetition frequency of 100KHz is used for carrying out laser scanning etching on the evaporator substrate placed on the three-dimensional electric platform through the focusing lens. By changing the relative position of the focusing lens and the evaporator substrate, a focusing spot with the diameter of 10 microns can be obtained on the substrate, the power is set to be 20W, the scanning speed is set to be 30mm/s, and the scanning times are set to be 50 times, so that a laser etching first-level micron groove with the width of 30 microns, the depth of 15 microns and the period of 100 microns is obtained. Using the laser, adjusting the power to be 2W, the scanning speed to be 2000mm/s and the scanning frequency to be 2 times, obtaining a second-level submicron groove with the period of 500nm and the depth of 200nm at the bottom of the first-level micron groove, and etching nanoparticles with the size of 550nm on the bottom of the first-level groove and the surface of the evaporator on one side of the first-level groove;
(3) and sequentially carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and blow-drying on the prepared multistage micro-nano structure nickel-chromium alloy flat plate, and then carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the multistage micro-nano structure super-oleophylic nickel-chromium alloy flat plate efficient uniform evaporator.
Example 2
(1) Cutting stainless steel into flat plates with the length L of 30mm, the width W of 30mm and the thickness H of 0.3mm, then using sand paper with different roughness to polish and polish, and finally using alcohol and deionized water to clean, thereby obtaining the evaporator substrate.
(2) The scanning path of the pulse laser is designed as a cross line (the included angle is 30 degrees, 5 in figure 2), and the femtosecond laser with the repetition frequency of 200KHz (the central wavelength is 1030nm, and the adjustable pulse width is 400fs) is used for carrying out laser scanning etching on the evaporator substrate placed on the three-dimensional electric platform through the focusing lens. By changing the relative positions of the focusing lens and the evaporator substrate, a focusing spot with the diameter of 20 microns can be obtained on the substrate, and the laser etching groove with the width of 35 microns, the depth of 25 microns and the period of 60 microns can be obtained by setting the power of 50W, the scanning speed of 100mm/s and the scanning times of 50 times. Using the laser, adjusting the power to be 3W, the scanning speed to be 2000mm/s and the scanning frequency to be 2 times, obtaining a secondary submicron groove with the period of 600nm and the depth of 300nm at the bottom of the primary micron groove, and etching nanoparticles with the size of 600nm on the bottom of the primary groove and the surface of the evaporator on one side of the primary groove;
(3) and sequentially carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and blow-drying on the prepared multistage micro-nano structure nickel-chromium alloy flat plate, and then carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the multistage micro-nano structure super-oleophylic nickel-chromium alloy flat plate efficient uniform evaporator.
Example 3
(1) Cutting pure titanium into flat plates with the length L of 30mm, the width W of 30mm and the thickness H of 0.3mm, then using sand paper with different roughness to polish and polish, and finally using alcohol and deionized water to clean, thereby obtaining the evaporator substrate.
(2) The scanning path of the pulse laser is designed as a cross line (included angle is 60 degrees, 6 degrees in fig. 2), and the femtosecond laser with the repetition frequency of 300KHz (central wavelength 1030nm, adjustable pulse width 500fs) is used for carrying out laser scanning etching on the evaporator substrate placed on the three-dimensional electric platform through the focusing lens. By changing the relative positions of the focusing lens and the evaporator substrate, a focusing spot with the diameter of 35 microns can be obtained on the substrate, and the laser etching groove with the width of 55 microns, the depth of 20 microns and the period of 100 microns can be obtained by setting the power of 100W, the scanning speed of 500mm/s and the scanning times of 50 times. Using the laser, adjusting the power to be 4W, the scanning speed to be 2000mm/s and the scanning frequency to be 2 times, obtaining a secondary submicron groove with the period of 500nm and the depth of 300nm at the bottom of the primary micron groove, and etching nanoparticles with the size of 700nm on the bottom of the primary groove and the surface of the evaporator on one side of the primary groove;
(3) and sequentially carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and blow-drying on the prepared multistage micro-nano structure nickel-chromium alloy flat plate, and then carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the multistage micro-nano structure super-oleophylic nickel-chromium alloy flat plate efficient uniform evaporator.
Example 4
(1) Cutting pure nickel into flat plates with the length L of 30mm, the width W of 30mm and the thickness H of 0.3mm, then using sand paper with different roughness to polish and polish, and finally using alcohol and deionized water to clean, thereby obtaining the evaporator substrate.
(2) The scanning path of the pulse laser is designed as a cross line (the included angle is 90 degrees, 7 in figure 2), and the femtosecond laser with the repetition frequency of 400KHz (the central wavelength is 1030nm, and the adjustable pulse width is 500fs) is used for carrying out laser scanning etching on the evaporator substrate placed on the three-dimensional electric platform through the focusing lens. By changing the relative positions of the focusing lens and the evaporator substrate, a focusing spot with the diameter of 20 microns can be obtained on the substrate, and the laser etching groove with the width of 60 microns, the depth of 55 microns and the period of 100 microns can be obtained by setting the power of 80W, the scanning speed of 1000mm/s and the scanning times of 50 times. Using the laser, adjusting the power to be 4W, the scanning speed to be 2000mm/s and the scanning frequency to be 3 times, obtaining a secondary submicron groove with the period of 600nm and the depth of 500nm at the bottom of the primary micron groove, and etching nanoparticles with the size of 650nm on the bottom of the primary groove and the surface of the evaporator on one side of the primary groove;
(3) and sequentially carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and blow-drying on the prepared multistage micro-nano structure nickel-chromium alloy flat plate, and then carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the multistage micro-nano structure super-oleophylic nickel-chromium alloy flat plate efficient uniform evaporator.
The super oleophylic nickel-chromium alloy flat plate efficient uniform evaporator with the multistage micro-nano structure comprises the following characteristics: the multi-stage micro-nano structure is periodically distributed on the nichrome evaporator substrate, so that on one hand, the lipophilicity of the surface of the evaporator is greatly enhanced, the super-lipophilicity state is presented to various oil products including glycerol, propylene glycol, paraffin oil, peanut oil, corn oil, tobacco tar and the like and mixtures thereof (fig. 3, the contact angle of the glycerol on the surface of the evaporator prepared in embodiment 1 is close to 0 degree), and the oil products are promoted to be completely spread on the surface of the evaporator. The solid-liquid contact area is effectively increased through the multi-stage micro-nano structure, and meanwhile, the micro-nano clusters and the particle structures with rich defects provide more nucleation sites for evaporation, so that the rapid generation and separation of steam are promoted, and the evaporation heat transfer efficiency and the temperature uniformity are greatly improved. On the other hand, the micro-nano groove structure with the four-way and eight-reach structure greatly enhances the oil conductivity of the surface of the evaporator, the strong capillary capacity and permeability ensure the sufficient oil absorption capacity of the surface of the evaporator, the oil in the evaporation area is supplemented in time, and the local drying is effectively avoided; the excellent capillary performance greatly improves the use temperature range of the evaporator, and can ensure the rapid flow and supplement of various oil products within the range of room temperature to 400 ℃. Meanwhile, the multi-stage micro-nano structure prepared by one step of high-power pulse laser is metallurgically combined with the matrix, is stable and firm, does not need additional chemical treatment, has stronger stability and durability, is suitable for different working conditions, and can keep the stability and the durability within the use range of room temperature to 400 ℃. The multistage micro-nano structure super-oleophylic nickel-chromium alloy flat plate evaporator prepared by femtosecond laser in one step has excellent oleophylicity and oil conductivity, and can realize the balance of high-efficiency uniform evaporation performance and stable and simple preparation process.
Example 5
(1) The ferrochromium alloy was cut into a flat plate having a length L of 40mm, a width W of 20mm and a thickness H of 0.2mm, and then chemical etching was used to obtain a ferrochromium alloy wire mesh having a wire width of 1mm and a space of 4mm as shown in fig. 4 as 8.
(2) The scanning path of the pulse laser is designed into a cross line (the included angle is 90 degrees) with the interval of 50 mu m, and picosecond laser (the central wavelength is 1064nm, and the adjustable pulse width is 50ps) with the repetition frequency of 100KHz is used for carrying out laser scanning etching on the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy silk screen placed on the three-dimensional electric platform through the focusing lens. By changing the relative position of the focusing lens and the silk screen, a focusing spot with the diameter of 10 μm can be obtained on the substrate, and the laser etching first-level micron groove with the depth of 35 μm and the period of 50 μm can be obtained by setting the power of 50W, the scanning speed of 500mm/s and the scanning times of 32 times. Adjusting the power to be 2W, the scanning speed to be 1000mm/s and the scanning frequency to be 2 times by using the laser, obtaining a secondary submicron groove with the period of 500nm and the depth of 450nm at the bottom of the primary micron groove, and etching a micro-nano composite cone structure with the size of 100nm on the bottom of the primary groove and the surface of the evaporator on one side of the primary groove;
(3) and sequentially carrying out ultrasonic cleaning and blow-drying on the prepared multistage micro-nano structure iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire mesh, and then carrying out vacuum packaging to obtain the multistage micro-nano structure super-oleophylic iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire mesh efficient uniform evaporator.
The super-oleophylic iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire mesh high-efficiency uniform evaporator with the multistage micro-nano structure comprises the following characteristics:
on one hand, the multi-level micro-nano composite cone structure (10 in figure 4) is periodically distributed on the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire mesh, so that the lipophilicity of the surface of the evaporator is greatly enhanced, various oil products including glycerol, propylene glycol, paraffin oil, peanut oil, corn oil, tobacco tar and the like and mixtures thereof are in an ultra-oleophilic state, and the oil products are promoted to be completely spread on the surface of the evaporator. The multi-stage micro-nano composite cone structure effectively increases the solid-liquid contact area, and meanwhile, the micro-nano composite cone structure with abundant defects provides more nucleation sites for evaporation, promotes the rapid generation and separation of steam, and greatly improves the evaporation heat transfer efficiency and the temperature uniformity. On the other hand, the micro-nano groove structure with the four-way and eight-way structure among the micro-nano composite cones which are periodically distributed greatly enhances the oil conductivity of the surface of the evaporator, the strong capillary capacity and the permeability of the micro-nano composite cones ensure the sufficient oil absorption capacity of the surface of the evaporator, the oil in the evaporation area is supplemented in time, and the local drying by burning is effectively avoided; the excellent capillary performance greatly improves the use temperature range of the evaporator, and can ensure the rapid flow and supplement of various oil products within the range of room temperature to 400 ℃. Meanwhile, the multi-stage micro-nano structure prepared by one step of high-power pulse laser is metallurgically combined with the matrix, is stable and firm, does not need additional chemical treatment, has stronger stability and durability, is suitable for different working conditions, and can keep the stability and the durability within the use range of room temperature to 400 ℃. The multistage micro-nano structure super-oleophylic iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire mesh evaporator prepared by picosecond laser in one step has excellent oleophylicity and oil conductivity, and can realize balance between high-efficiency uniform evaporation performance and stable and simple preparation process.
According to the embodiment, the invention provides the super-lipophilic evaporator with the multistage micro-nano structure and the preparation method thereof. The evaporator surface of the invention contains a multi-stage micro-nano structure, wherein the nano cluster or nano particle or micro-nano composite cone structure effectively increases the solid-liquid contact area, and meanwhile, the micro-nano composite structure with abundant defects provides more nucleation sites for evaporation, promotes the rapid generation and separation of steam, and greatly improves the evaporation heat transfer efficiency and the temperature uniformity.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The super-lipophilic evaporator with the multistage micro-nano structure is characterized by comprising a substrate layer and a groove layer, wherein the groove layer comprises parallel grooves and crossed grooves; the included angle between the crossed grooves and the parallel grooves is 0-90 degrees.
2. An evaporator according to claim 1 wherein the parallel grooves are parallel to the length of the substrate layer.
3. An evaporator according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the parallel grooves and the intersecting grooves are primary grooves; the bottom of the parallel trenches and the cross trenches include secondary trenches.
4. An evaporator according to claim 3 wherein the bottom of the primary groove and the surface of the evaporator on one side of the primary groove contain particles.
5. An evaporator according to claim 1 wherein the substrate layer is in the shape of a flat plate, a wire mesh, a curved plate or a porous structure.
6. The preparation method of the super-oleophilic evaporator with the multistage micro-nano structure as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out laser scanning etching on the evaporator substrate to obtain the super-lipophilic evaporator with the multistage micro-nano structure;
the laser is a pulse laser, and the pulse laser comprises a nanosecond laser, a picosecond laser or a femtosecond laser.
7. The evaporator of claim 6, wherein the evaporator substrate is made of one or more of aluminum, copper alloy, stainless steel, nichrome, iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, pure titanium, pure nickel, alumina ceramic and silicon nitride ceramic.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the pulsed laser has a wavelength of 355 to 1064nm, a spot diameter of 10 to 100 μm, and a pulse width of 300fs to 200 ns.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the power of the laser scanning is 1-100W, the scanning speed is 10-4000 mm/s, and the number of scanning is 1-100.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115354328A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-18 | 深圳市赛尔美电子科技有限公司 | Preparation method of heating element and electronic cigarette |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115354328A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-18 | 深圳市赛尔美电子科技有限公司 | Preparation method of heating element and electronic cigarette |
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