CN114856562A - Upward horizontal cut-and-fill mining method for mining thick ore body - Google Patents
Upward horizontal cut-and-fill mining method for mining thick ore body Download PDFInfo
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- CN114856562A CN114856562A CN202210621589.1A CN202210621589A CN114856562A CN 114856562 A CN114856562 A CN 114856562A CN 202210621589 A CN202210621589 A CN 202210621589A CN 114856562 A CN114856562 A CN 114856562A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/06—Filling-up mechanically
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
Abstract
An upward horizontal cut-and-fill mining method for mining thick ore bodies, which comprises dividing ore blocks along the direction of the ore body, dividing the ore body into middle sections according to the vertical height, and arranging the middle sections in segments; laying a middle section transportation gallery, laying a middle section orepass in a staggered manner, connecting the middle section orepass with the previous middle section and the middle section transportation gallery with a short gallery, laying a segmented transportation gallery on an extravenal lower plate in each segment, and connecting the segmented transportation gallery with the middle section orepass through the short gallery; horizontally tunneling a subsection connecting road along the vertical ore body trend, entering an ore block subsection from a subsection transportation drift and tunneling a cutting drift, respectively tunneling a bottom-drawing drift and an intra-vein air return drift along the ore body trend, connecting the intra-vein air return drift with a special air return well distributed on an upper plate of the ore body, and tunneling a back-mining drift to connect the bottom-drawing drift and the intra-vein air return drift; drilling horizontal and upward fan-shaped medium-depth blast holes in each stoping roadway, and detonating the strips simultaneously; after blasting ore falling, fresh air enters the space of a blasting surface, dirty air enters a special return air shaft, and blasting ore falling is conveyed to a middle-section drop shaft; and (4) performing retreat filling on the exposed strip space after ore removal. It has the advantages of high mining efficiency and safety, low exposed area and low mining cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to an upward horizontal cut-and-fill mining method for mining thick ore bodies.
Background
At present, when an upward horizontal cut-and-fill mining method is adopted to mine a thick ore body (the ore body with the height more than dozens of meters is recognized as the thick ore body in the industry), the middle section is generally divided into a plurality of sections firstly, then the sections are divided into a plurality of sections according to the height of 3-5 m, and then downward, horizontal or upward connection roads are tunneled to each section through a section transportation drift to enter each section, so that the ore is comprehensively mined in the section, a top plate is supported by utilizing the stability of the ore per se, and then filling is carried out after the cut-and-fill mining is finished, meanwhile, in order to ensure the mining safety of the next middle section, an artificial false bottom formed by steel bars and poured concrete is generally paved on the bottom layer of the middle section, so as to enhance the compressive and tensile strength of the artificial false bottom, but the mining method has the following defects or problems: firstly, the height of a layering layer is too small, so that the mining and ore removal efficiency is low; secondly, filling is carried out after all the mining in the layer is completed, so that the waiting time is long and the filling efficiency is low; thirdly, the exposed area is too large during mining, so that a large potential safety hazard exists; fourthly, the artificial false bottom poured by steel bars and high-strength concrete is adopted, so that the mining cost is increased dramatically.
Through the retrieval of the subject group, the related patent 12 items of the filling mining method are retrieved, but the related literature of the upward horizontal layered filling mining method for mining thick ore bodies is not retrieved.
Therefore, the development of an upward horizontal cut-and-fill mining method for mining thick ore bodies is particularly urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an upward horizontal cut-and-fill mining method for mining thick ore bodies, which can improve the mining efficiency and safety of ore removal, reduce the exposed area and reduce the mining cost.
The task of the invention is completed by the following technical scheme:
an upward horizontal cut-and-fill mining method for mining thick ore bodies comprises the following process steps and conditions:
A. dividing an ore body into a plurality of ore blocks every 100-160 m along the trend, wherein the width of each ore block is the thickness of the ore body; dividing the ore body into a plurality of middle sections according to the height of the middle section with the vertical height of every 40-60 m, distributing the middle sections according to every 10-12 m for segmentation, mining the ore body in the middle sections according to two steps, mining ore blocks between the middle sections at intervals, and mining one ore at intervals;
B. laying middle section transportation drifts at the lower part of the middle section and the ore body footwall, staggeredly laying middle section orepasses between the middle sections, connecting the middle section orepasses with the upper middle section and the middle section transportation drifts through short drifts, laying a segmented transportation drift at the footwall outside the vein for each segment, and connecting the segmented transportation drift with the middle section orepasses through the short drifts;
C. at one side boundary of a to-be-mined segmented ore block, a vertical ore body trend horizontal tunneling segmented connecting channel enters the ore block segmentation from a segmented transportation drift, the vertical ore body trend continues to tunnel forward and cut a drift, a bottom-pulling drift and an intra-vein air return drift are respectively tunneled along the ore body trend at the joint of an upper pan and a lower pan in the ore block segmentation, the intra-vein air return drift is connected with a special air return well distributed on the upper pan of the ore body through the air return connecting drift, strips are divided at intervals of 16-20 m in the to-be-mined layered ore block, and a back-mining drift is tunneled in the middle of the bottom of each strip to connect the bottom-pulling drift and the intra-vein air return drift;
D. drilling and blasting in each stoping drift, simultaneously drilling horizontal and upward fan-shaped medium-depth blast holes step by step from a pull-down drift to an intra-pulse return drift, wherein the hole spacing is about 1m, the row spacing is about 1m, 5-8 rows of blast holes are drilled at one time, 5-8 rows of blast holes are blasted at one time, and a plurality of forward strips or even all strips are detonated simultaneously from the position close to the cutting drift;
E. ventilation ore removal: in the sectional ore block, after one-time multi-strip or even all-strip simultaneous blasting ore-dropping, fresh air flow enters the space of a blasting operation surface from a sectional transportation gallery through a sectional connecting channel and a cutting gallery, after dust is washed, dirty air enters an intra-vein air return gallery through a back mining gallery and then enters a special air return shaft through an air return connecting channel, and after ventilation and dust removal are finished, the blasted ore-dropping is conveyed to a middle-section drop shaft by a scraper or an automobile until all blast holes in the step are discharged;
F. filling: the exposed strip-type working space along the trend of the ore body after ore removal is subjected to backward filling, the filling cannot be filled, a rhombic filling body is formed after the filling body is condensed by utilizing the self-collapse characteristic of the filling body, not only is the exposed space filled, but also a space is reserved for the next step of drilling and blasting, when the filling body is close to a cutting gallery, the filling needs to be controlled, and a reserved passage is reserved for the entering and exiting of equipment and personnel;
G. and repeating the processes of drilling, blasting, ventilation, ore removal and filling until the whole subsection ore block is fully filled except the reserved channel, and finally filling the reserved channel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages or effects:
(1) because the mining layer height or the section height is higher, and the horizontal and upward fan-shaped medium-length hole rock drilling full strips are adopted for blasting mining simultaneously, the single ore output is large, and the mining and ore output efficiency is high;
(2) meanwhile, as the mode of firstly mining all layered ores and then filling is adopted, the mining and filling process is circularly implemented in steps and is tightly connected, so that the single exposure area is smaller, and the mining operation is safer;
(3) in addition, in order to ensure the mining safety of the next middle section, the bottom layer of the middle section adopts the artificial false bottom poured by laying the steel bars and the high-strength concrete to enhance the compressive and tensile strength of the artificial false bottom, the diamond filling body formed in the filling process of the previous middle section is utilized to carry out self-stabilizing support, and the artificial false bottom does not need to be constructed by the steel bars and the high-strength concrete, so the mining cost is reduced;
(4) and because only one connecting road is used for mining the complete subsection, layering and construction of a plurality of layered connecting roads are not needed, so that the well and tunnel engineering quantity is small, and the mining process is simpler.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of an upward horizontal cut-and-fill mining method for mining a thick ore body according to the present invention, illustrating a mining process B-B.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the mining process C-C shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the mining process a-a of fig. 1 from the left.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a thick ore body before mining.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of rock drilling and boring in the method of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic illustration of ore caving in the process of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of filling in the method of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the diamond-shaped filling body and the exposed space matched self-stabilizing support when the method is used for mining to the uppermost layer of the middle section.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of point K of fig. 8.
In the drawings, the symbols represent:
1. middle-section transportation gallery 2, subsection transportation gallery 3, middle-section drop shaft 4, subsection connecting gallery 5, cutting gallery 6, bottom-drawing gallery 7, strip-type working space 8, stoping gallery 9, intra-vein return-air gallery 10, return-air connecting gallery 11, special return-air well 12, filling body 13, blast hole 14, ore 15, reserved passage G, dead-weight pressure of filling body N1., supporting force of non-mining body to top plate N2, mutual supporting force between filling bodies
The description is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-9, an upward horizontal cut-and-fill mining method for mining thick ore bodies of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the following process steps and conditions:
A. dividing an ore body into a plurality of ore blocks every 100-160 m along the trend, wherein the width of each ore block is the thickness of the ore body; dividing the ore body into a plurality of middle sections according to the height of the middle sections with the vertical height of every 40-60 m, arranging the middle sections for segmentation according to every 10-12 m, mining the ore body in the middle sections according to two steps, mining ore blocks between the middle sections at intervals, and mining one ore block at intervals;
B. laying a middle section transportation gallery (1) at the lower part of the middle section and the ore body footwall, staggeredly laying middle section orepass shafts (3) between the middle sections, connecting the middle section orepass shafts (3) with the previous middle section and the middle section transportation gallery (1) through short drifts, laying a segmented transportation gallery (2) at the footwall outside the vein in each segment, and connecting the segmented transportation gallery (2) with the middle section orepass shafts (3) through the short drifts;
C. on one side boundary of a sublevel ore block to be mined, a vertical ore body trend horizontal tunneling sublevel connecting channel (4) enters the ore block from a sublevel transportation drift (2) and is segmented, a vertical ore body trend continues to tunnel forward and a cutting drift (5), a bottoming drift (6) and an intra-pulse air return drift (9) are respectively tunneled along the ore body trend at the junction of an upper plate and a lower plate in the ore block stratification, the intra-pulse air return drift (9) is connected with a special air return well (11) arranged on the upper plate of the ore body through an air return connecting drift (10), strips are divided at intervals of 16-20 m in the layered ore block to be mined, and a stoping drift (8) is tunneled in the middle of the bottom of each strip to connect the bottoming drift (6) and the intra-pulse air return drift (9);
D. rock drilling and blasting are carried out in each mining drift (8), horizontal and upward fan-shaped medium-depth blast holes (13) are drilled step by step from a pull-bottom drift (6) to an intra-vein return air drift (9), the hole spacing is about 1m, the row spacing is about 1m, 5-8 rows of blast holes (13) are drilled at one time, 5-8 rows of blast holes (13) are blasted at one time, and a forward-advancing type multi-strip or even a full strip is detonated simultaneously from a position close to a cutting drift (5);
E. ventilation ore removal: in the sectional ore block, after one-time multi-strip or even all strips are blasted and fallen simultaneously, fresh air flow enters a blasting operation surface space through a sectional transportation gallery (2) and a sectional connecting channel (4) and a cutting gallery (5), dust is washed, dirty air enters an intra-vein air return gallery (9) through a back mining gallery (8) and then enters a special air return shaft (11) through an air return connecting channel (10), and after ventilation and dust removal are finished, a scraper or an automobile is adopted to convey blasted ore (14) to a middle section chute (3) until all ore discharging of the blasted ore (14) in blast holes (13) in the step is finished;
F. filling: the method comprises the following steps that (1) retreating filling is carried out on a strip-type working space (7) exposed after ore removal is finished and along the trend of an ore body, the filling cannot be filled, a rhombic filling body (12) is formed after the filling body (12) is condensed by utilizing the self-collapse characteristic of the filling body (12), not only is the exposed space filled, but also a space is reserved for the next step of rock drilling and blasting, when the filling is close to a cutting gallery (5), the filling needs to be controlled, and a reserved passage (15) is reserved for equipment and personnel to enter and exit;
G. and repeating the processes of drilling, blasting, ventilation, ore removal and filling until the whole subsection ore block is filled except the reserved channel (15), and finally filling the reserved channel (15).
The process of the invention may further be:
before formal mining, vertically tunneling a subsection connecting channel (4) and a cutting drift (5) along the trend of an ore body to enter a subsection ore block at one side boundary of the subsection ore block to be mined, and then respectively tunneling a bottom-drawing drift (6) and an intra-vein air return drift (9) along the trend of the ore body at the junction of the upper plate and the lower plate in the ore block delamination, wherein the intra-vein air return drift (9) is connected with a special air return well (11) distributed on the upper plate of the ore body; strips are divided in the layered ore blocks to be mined at intervals of 16-20 m, and a back mining drift (8) is tunneled in the middle of the bottom of each strip to connect a bottom-drawing drift (6) and an intra-vein air return drift (9).
In each mining drift (8), simultaneously drilling horizontal and upward fan-shaped medium-depth blast holes (13) step by step from a bottom-drawing drift (6) to an intra-pulse return drift (9), wherein the distance between the blast holes (13) is about 1m, the row spacing is about 1m, and 5-8 rows of blast holes (13) are drilled at one time; 5-8 rows of blast holes (13) are blasted at one time, and a plurality of forward strips or even all strips are blasted simultaneously from the position close to the cutting drift (5).
In the sectional ore blocks, the ore is gradually mined step by step, and all strip ores of the sectional ore blocks are synchronously mined; when mining in each step, the working procedures of rock drilling, blasting ore breaking, ore removal and filling are closely connected and are all completed in a strip-type working space (7) formed after mining in the previous step is completed.
After mining in each step of the sectional ore block, filling is completed immediately after ore removal, filling in each step cannot be filled, and a strip of rhombic filling body (12) is formed by utilizing the self-collapsing characteristic of the filling body (12) after the filling body is condensed.
And (2) adopting backward filling in each step of filling, when the filling is backward to be close to the cutting drift (5), controlling the filling, reserving a reserved passage (15) for equipment and personnel to enter and exit, repeating the processes of rock drilling, blasting, ventilation, ore removal and filling in each mining step until the whole sectional ore block is filled except the reserved passage (15), and finally refilling the reserved passage (15).
When the section at the uppermost part of the middle section is mined, the diamond-shaped filling body (12) formed by the small exposed space and the filling of the previous middle section is utilized for self-stabilizing support.
Referring to fig. 9, the self-stabilizing support is based on the dead weight pressure (G) of the pack, the supporting force (N1) of the unmined body to the roof, and the mutual supporting force between the packs.
Examples
Aiming at a thick ore body at a certain place, the upward horizontal layered filling mining method is adopted, the middle section is mined from top to bottom, and the middle section is mined from bottom to top, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
dividing an ore body into a plurality of ore blocks at intervals of 100-160 m along the trend, wherein the width of each ore block is the thickness of the ore body, dividing the ore body into a plurality of middle sections according to the height of each middle section with the vertical height of 40-60 m, laying and segmenting the middle sections according to the height of each middle section with the vertical height of each middle section being 10-12 m, mining the ore body in the middle sections according to two steps, mining the ore blocks between the middle sections at intervals, and mining one ore at intervals; and a middle-section transportation drift 1 is arranged at the lower part of the middle section and the lower plate of the ore body. Middle-section drop shafts 3 are arranged among the middle sections in a staggered mode, the middle-section drop shafts 3 are connected with the previous middle section and the middle-section transportation gallery 1 through short galleries, each section is provided with a section transportation gallery 2 outside the veins, and the section transportation gallery 2 is connected with the middle-section drop shafts 3 through the short galleries; and at one side boundary of the sublevel ore block to be mined, after the vertical ore body trend horizontal tunneling sublevel connecting road 4 enters the ore block subsection from the sublevel transportation drift 2, the vertical ore body trend continues to tunnel forward a cutting drift 5. Respectively tunneling a bottom-drawing drift 6 and an intra-vein air-return drift 9 along the direction of an ore body at the joint of an upper plate and a lower plate in the ore block layering, connecting the intra-vein air-return drift 9 with a special air-return well 11 distributed on the upper plate of the ore body through an air-return connecting drift 10, dividing strips in the layered ore block to be mined at intervals of 16-20 m, and tunneling a mining drift 8 in the middle of the bottom of each strip to connect the bottom-drawing drift 6 and the intra-vein air-return drift 9; in each mining drift 8, drilling horizontal and upward fan-shaped medium-depth blast holes 13 step by step from a pull-bottom drift 6 to an intra-pulse return drift 9 at the same time, wherein the hole spacing is about 1m, the row spacing is about 1m, the holes are drilled for 5-8 rows at one time, the holes are blasted for 5-8 rows at one time, and a forward-going multi-strip or even a full strip is detonated at the same time from a position close to a cutting drift 5; in the sectional ore block, after one-time multi-strip or even all-strip simultaneous blasting ore-dropping, fresh air flow enters a blasting operation surface space from a sectional transportation gallery 2 through a sectional connecting channel 4 and a cutting gallery 5, after dust is washed, dirty air enters an intra-vein return air gallery 9 through a back mining gallery 8 and then enters a special return air shaft 11 through a return air connecting channel 10, and after ventilation and dust removal are finished, a scraper or an automobile is adopted to convey the blasted ore 14 to a middle section chute 3 until all ore-discharging of the blast holes 13 blasted ore 14 in the step is finished; the exposed strip-type working space 7 along the trend of the ore body after ore removal is filled in a retreating mode, the filling cannot be filled, a rhombic filling body 12 is formed after the exposed strip-type working space is condensed by utilizing the self-collapse characteristic of the filling body 12, the exposed space is filled, a space is reserved for the next step of rock drilling and blasting, when the exposed space is close to the cutting roadway 5, the filling needs to be controlled, and a reserved passage 15 is reserved for equipment and personnel to enter and exit; and repeating the processes of drilling, blasting, ventilation, ore removal and filling until the whole subsection ore block is filled except the reserved channel 15, and finally filling the reserved channel 15.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably realized. The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above embodiments, and other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be regarded as equivalent replacements within the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. An upward horizontal cut-and-fill mining method for mining thick ore bodies, characterized in that it comprises but is not limited to the following process steps and conditions:
A. dividing an ore body into a plurality of ore blocks every 100-160 m along the trend, wherein the width of each ore block is the thickness of the ore body; dividing the ore body into a plurality of middle sections according to the height of the middle section with the vertical height of every 40-60 m, distributing the middle sections according to every 10-12 m for segmentation, mining the ore body in the middle sections according to two steps, mining ore blocks between the middle sections at intervals, and mining one ore at intervals;
B. laying a middle section transportation gallery (1) at the lower part of the middle section and the ore body footwall, staggeredly laying middle section orepass shafts (3) between the middle sections, connecting the middle section orepass shafts (3) with the previous middle section and the middle section transportation gallery (1) through short drifts, laying a segmented transportation gallery (2) at the footwall outside the vein in each segment, and connecting the segmented transportation gallery (2) with the middle section orepass shafts (3) through the short drifts;
C. on one side boundary of a sublevel ore block to be mined, a vertical ore body trend horizontal tunneling sublevel connecting channel (4) enters the ore block from a sublevel transportation drift (2) and is segmented, a vertical ore body trend continues to tunnel forward and a cutting drift (5), a bottoming drift (6) and an intra-pulse air return drift (9) are respectively tunneled along the ore body trend at the junction of an upper plate and a lower plate in the ore block stratification, the intra-pulse air return drift (9) is connected with a special air return well (11) arranged on the upper plate of the ore body through an air return connecting drift (10), strips are divided at intervals of 16-20 m in the layered ore block to be mined, and a stoping drift (8) is tunneled in the middle of the bottom of each strip to connect the bottoming drift (6) and the intra-pulse air return drift (9);
D. rock drilling and blasting are carried out in each mining drift (8), horizontal and upward fan-shaped medium-depth blast holes (13) are drilled step by step from a pull-bottom drift (6) to an intra-vein return air drift (9), the hole spacing is about 1m, the row spacing is about 1m, 5-8 rows of blast holes (13) are drilled at one time, 5-8 rows of blast holes (13) are blasted at one time, and a forward-advancing type multi-strip or even a full strip is detonated simultaneously from a position close to a cutting drift (5);
E. ventilation ore removal: in the sectional ore block, after one-time multi-strip or even all strips are blasted and fallen simultaneously, fresh air flow enters a blasting operation surface space through a sectional transportation gallery (2) and a sectional connecting channel (4) and a cutting gallery (5), dust is washed, dirty air enters an intra-vein air return gallery (9) through a back mining gallery (8) and then enters a special air return shaft (11) through an air return connecting channel (10), and after ventilation and dust removal are finished, a scraper or an automobile is adopted to convey blasted ore (14) to a middle section chute (3) until all ore discharging of the blasted ore (14) in blast holes (13) in the step is finished;
F. filling: the method comprises the following steps that (1) retreating filling is carried out on a strip-type working space (7) exposed after ore removal is finished and along the trend of an ore body, the filling cannot be filled, a rhombic filling body (12) is formed after the filling body (12) is condensed by utilizing the self-collapse characteristic of the filling body (12), not only is the exposed space filled, but also a space is reserved for the next step of rock drilling and blasting, when the filling is close to a cutting gallery (5), the filling needs to be controlled, and a reserved passage (15) is reserved for equipment and personnel to enter and exit;
G. and repeating the processes of drilling, blasting, ventilation, ore removal and filling until the whole subsection ore block is filled except the reserved channel (15), and finally filling the reserved channel (15).
2. The upward horizontal cut-and-fill mining method for thick ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that before the normal mining, after a horizontal tunneling subsection connecting road (4) and a cutting drift (5) are vertically driven towards the side boundary of the subsection ore block to be mined to enter the subsection ore block, a bottom-pulling drift (6) and an intra-pulse air-return drift (9) are respectively driven along the trend of the ore body at the junction of the ore block and the upper plate and the lower plate, and the intra-pulse air-return drift (9) is connected with a special air-return well (11) arranged on the upper plate of the ore body; strips are divided in the layered ore blocks to be mined at intervals of 16-20 m, and a back mining drift (8) is tunneled in the middle of the bottom of each strip to connect a bottom-drawing drift (6) and an intra-vein air return drift (9).
3. A method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in each extraction drift (8), simultaneously, the bottom-pulling drift (6) is used to drill horizontal and upward fan-shaped medium-depth blast holes (13) step by step into the intra-pulse return drift (9), the distance between the blast holes (13) is about 1m, the row distance is about 1m, 5-8 rows of blast holes (13) are drilled at one time; 5-8 rows of blast holes (13) are blasted at one time, and a plurality of forward strips or even all strips are blasted simultaneously from the position close to the cutting drift (5).
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein in the segmental blocks, the ore is progressively mined in steps, and the individual bands of ore of the segmental blocks are mined simultaneously; when mining in each step, the working procedures of rock drilling, blasting ore breaking, ore removal and filling are closely connected and are all completed in a strip-type working space (7) formed after mining in the previous step is completed.
5. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that after each step of extraction in the block, the filling is completed immediately after the removal of the ore, and each step of filling is not filled, and that the filling bodies (12) form a strip of rhombohedral filling bodies (12) after they have set, by virtue of their own slump characteristics.
6. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling in each step is of a retreat type, when the filling is retreated to be close to the cutting drift (5), the filling needs to be controlled to reserve a reserved passage (15) for equipment and personnel to enter and exit, each stoping step repeats the rock drilling blasting, ventilation ore removal and filling processes until the whole sectional block is filled except the reserved passage (15), and finally the reserved passage (15) is refilled.
7. The method as claimed in claim, characterised in that the self-stabilising support is provided by diamond shaped packings (12) formed by the small space exposed during production and the packing of the previous mid-section during production to the uppermost section of the mid-section.
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| CN102155228A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-08-17 | 中南大学 | Fully-segmented presplitting squeezing primary-blasting mining method |
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