CN114849463A - 一种除臭剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种除臭剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种除臭剂及其制备方法,所述除臭剂,其由以下原料组成,按重量份数计,原料包括:生物酶、生物菌、植物基表面活性剂、抑菌性中药、溶剂。可选择性的,本发明所述的除臭剂,进一步与矿物质均匀混合后,形成所述除臭剂。本发明除臭剂温和环保、原料易获取,制备方法简单,生产成本低,其可以通过反应高效去除各种环境中的恶臭,除臭产物不会对环境造成二次污染,且有效抑制病菌滋生,具有较高的实用价值和良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及环境保护技术领域,具体地说涉及一种除臭剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着社会经济的不断发展,我国的环境污染问题越来越严重,特别是恶臭问题日益突出。恶臭气体主要来源于城市污水处理厂、垃圾填埋场、畜禽养殖场等场所。作为环境的公害之一,恶臭除了对人的嗅觉产生影响,引起心理厌恶等不愉快的感觉外,还会引起身体上的不适,如恶心、头痛、食欲不振、嗅觉失调、失眠,甚至情绪不稳定等。因此,臭味污染对国民的健康生活环境的影响已越来越严重,问题不容忽视。
目前处理恶臭气体的技术具体可分为物理法、化学法及生物法三类。物理法主要包括扩散稀释、吸收、吸附、冷凝和膜分离;化学法包含吸收、燃烧、等离子体反应、Fenton氧化、光催化氧化、电催化氧化等技术;生物法通过微生物代谢降解恶臭(异味)物质。这些技术各具特点,但同时又有各自的局限性。恶臭(异味)由一些浓度极低(通常在ppb级别)的物质混合而成,其特征污染物主要为含硫类、含氮类物质,而燃烧法、吸附法、生物法等在处理高浓度恶臭气体时更具优势,成本相对较小,冷凝和膜处理技术对气体流量限制较大,且生物法培养出功能微生物所需时间较长。此外,填埋场、污水处理厂等地产生的恶臭属于面源释放,还存在恶臭气体能否有效收集的问题。
除臭剂因其既可以通过喷洒去除面源恶臭,又可以处理集中收集的恶臭气体,在恶臭(异味)控制领域得到广泛应用。但是,目前市场上销售的除臭剂,或者已公开的除臭剂专利,大多是利用除臭剂的浓郁芳香掩盖恶臭,并未去除致臭化合物;部分除臭剂利用次氯酸钠、过氧化氢/酸性/二价铁离子等强氧化性体系,通过激烈的化学反应去除致臭化合物,这种除臭剂通常价格较高,且长期使用会腐蚀设备,同时除臭剂中通常需要添加一些稳定剂以保证体系稳定性。此外,这些除臭剂对于含硫类等主要致臭化合物的去除效率通常只有80~90%,而且还不适用于跟人体直接接触的面源恶臭控制场合,达不到健康环保要求。
因此,需要开发一种除臭效果好,安全环保并且持效期长的除臭剂。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种除臭剂及其制备方法。
本发明提供如下技术方案:
本发明提出一种除臭剂,其由以下原料组成,按重量份数计,原料包括:生物酶1-5份、生物菌1-5份、植物基表面活性剂4-20份、抑菌性中药1-5份、溶剂10-50份。
可选择性的,本发明所述的除臭剂,进一步与矿物质30-50份均匀混合后,形成所述除臭剂。
优选的,所述生物菌为枯草芽孢、地衣芽孢、巨大芽孢、凝结芽孢、粪肠菌、短小芽孢或侧胞芽孢中的一种或者几种;
优选的,所述生物酶为蛋白酶、木聚糖酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶或植酸酶中的一种或者几种;
优选的,所述植物基表面活性剂为鼠李糖脂、脂肽、烷基多苷、甜菜碱、氧化胺、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸盐、醇醚硫酸盐或脂肪醇醚中的一种或者几种;
优选的,所述抑菌性中药为白芨、佩兰、薄荷、熏衣草、迷迭香、茶树叶或茶多酚中的一种或者几种;
优选的,所述矿物质为火山灰、元明粉、沸石粉、膨润土、纯碱、小苏打或高岭土中的一种或者几种;
优选的,所述溶剂为乙醇、去离子水组成的混合物,乙醇与去离子水配比为1∶100至1∶10。
优选的,本发明技术方案中,所述除臭剂,按重量份数计,原料包括:生物酶1-3份、生物菌1-3份、植物基表面活性剂4-12份、抑菌性中药1-3份、溶剂15-40份。
更优选,本发明技术方案中,所述除臭剂,按重量份数计,原料包括:生物酶1份、生物菌1份、植物基表面活性剂4份、抑菌性中药1份和溶剂15份。
一种植物型的环保高效除臭剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将乙醇加入去离子水中,在室温下使用磁力搅拌器以250-350rpm的转速搅拌3-5min,得到混合液A。
(2)按重量份计,将生物酶、生物菌、植物基表面活性剂、抑菌性中药加入到混合液A中,使用磁力搅拌器在30-40℃、转速180-230rpm下恒温搅拌25-35min,获得混合液B。
(3)将混合液B转移至均质机中,在压力10MPa,转速4000-6000rpm下均质3-8min,即获得目标除臭剂产品。
或者,上述步骤(3)获得的混合物进一步与所述矿物质混合,充分搅拌,在30-40℃烘干,研磨成粉即得环保高效除臭剂。
本发明的除臭剂产品没有副作用,无二次污染。
本发明制备方法制备出来的植物除臭剂的除臭机理为:本产品植物活性剂优异的界面张力和高效的成胶束均分能力,使得细菌和病毒分子失去浮力、张力和团聚力,因张力的失稳而自我灭活减数,因胶束的微观完美全封闭而崩解自溶,最终自洁自净所有环境有害细菌病毒,大大优于碘消毒剂和氧化类消毒剂以及聚甲醛的消毒能力,避免了上述三类消毒剂受有机物和粪便制约而影响消毒效果的缺陷,是一种可以将有害细菌病毒和有害异味气体一网打尽的革命性产品,尤其是本产品通过强大的成胶束能力和降低界面能力还可以将有害气体转化为杀灭细菌和病毒的高效手段,化害为利。
从以上描述可以看出,本发明具备以下优点:
本发明除臭剂温和环保、原料易获取,制备方法简单,生产成本低,其可以通过反应高效去除各种环境中的恶臭,除臭产物不会对环境造成二次污染,且有效抑制病菌滋生,具有较高的实用价值和良好的应用前景。
本发明的制备方法制备出来的除臭剂应用广泛,不仅能够用于垃圾、污水,还能用于养殖场、车内以及室内,应用前景广阔。本发明提供的除臭剂具有高效的除臭能力,同时除臭效果长期稳定可靠,并且绿色环保无污染。可用于垃圾填埋场、污水处理厂、养殖场等场所的除臭。
为使本发明具体实施方式的目的和技术方案更加清楚,下面将结合本发明的具体实施方式的实施实例,对本发明具体实施方式的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的具体实施方式是本发明的一部分具体实施方式,而不是全部的具体实施方式。基于所描述的本发明的具体实施方式,本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所制备的所有其它具体实施方式,都属于本发明保护的范围。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的优选实施例进行说明,应当理解,此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不限定本发明。
实施例1:
实施例1提供一种环保高效除臭剂,其按照以下制备方法制得:
将25g蛋白酶、25g脂肪酶、25g枯草芽孢、25g地衣芽孢、100g鼠李糖脂、100g脂肽一起混匀,并倒入500g水,均质乳化,得混合液;再将25g白芨、25g薰衣草研磨成粉并混匀,加入混合液中,在搅拌过程中,补足水至总重量为1000g,并搅拌均匀,即得环保高效除臭剂。
实施例2:
实施例2提供一种环保高效除臭剂,其按照以下制备方法制得:
将25g木聚糖酶、25g淀粉酶、25g巨大芽孢、25g凝结芽孢、100g鼠李糖脂、100g烷基多肽一起混匀,并倒入500g水,均质乳化,得混合液;再将25g佩兰、25g迷迭香研磨成粉并混匀,加入混合液中,在搅拌过程中,补足水至总重量为1000g,并搅拌均匀,即得环保高效除臭剂。
实施例3:
实施例3提供一种环保高效除臭剂,其按照以下制备方法制得:
将25g植酸酶、25g淀粉酶、25g短小芽孢、25g侧孢芽孢、100g脂肪酸甲酯磺酸盐、100g脂肪醇醚一起混匀,并倒入500g水,均质乳化,得混合液;再将25g茶树叶、25g迷迭香研磨成粉并混匀,加入混合液中,在搅拌过程中,补足水至总重量为1000g,并搅拌均匀,即得环保高效除臭剂。
实施例4
实施例4提供一种环保高效除臭剂,其按照以下制备方法制得:
将25g脂肪酶、25g淀粉酶、25g巨大芽孢、25g侧孢芽孢、100g甜菜碱、100g脂肪醇醚一起混匀,并倒入500g水,均质乳化,得混合液;再将25g薄荷、25g迷迭香研磨成粉并混匀,加入混合液中,在搅拌过程中,补足水至总重量为1000g,并搅拌均匀,即得环保高效除臭剂。
实施例5
实施例5供一种环保高效除臭剂,其按照以下制备方法制得:
将25g蛋白酶、25g脂肪酶、25g巨大芽孢、25g侧孢芽孢、100g鼠李糖脂、100g脂肽一起混匀,并倒入500g水,均质乳化,得混合液A;再将25g白芨、25g薰衣草研磨成粉并混匀,加入混合液A中,并搅拌均匀得混合液B;将混合液B加入600g火山灰和元明粉的混合物中,充分搅拌,在30-40℃烘干,研磨成粉即得环保高效除臭剂。
以下对本发明实施案例4中的环保高效除臭剂的除臭效果进行检测,检测过程和结果如下:
一、于2018年3月25日,对湖北种猪公司种猪二厂11栋1单元以及12栋1单元进行实验,分别在两个单元的猪舍内、后棚、风机出口外围以及后外围5米距离处进行两个采样点采样,采用气相色谱仪进行定量分析。氨气为恶臭气体的控制项目之一,本次评价以氨气为评价因子,评价采用本发明除臭剂前后氨气浓度的变化,氨气浓度单位为ppm,具体如下所示。
表1除臭前的氨气浓度(采样日期:2018.3.25)
二、采用本环保高效除臭剂作为除臭剂样,均匀喷洒于地面,该环保高效除臭剂的喷洒量为30g/㎡。
三、于2018年3月26日起每天喷洒一次,连续6天喷洒,并采用与上述相同方法对猪舍各处的恶臭气体进行检测、分析,结果如下表所示。
表2恶臭气体中氨气浓度检测结果
由表1和表2可以看出,使用本除臭剂产品后,猪舍内氨气浓度明显降低。说明采用本发明实例的环保高效除臭剂对猪舍进行喷洒后,除臭性能好,持效期长。
综上所述,本发明实施例的环保除臭剂,除臭性能好,持效期长,而且安全环保,不会造成二次污染。
以上结合具体实施例,对本发明技术方案的具体实施方式进行了进一步描述,此具体实施方案是为了对本技术方案的详细描述,而不是为了限制本技术方案。以上所述的具体实施方案,仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述,并非对本发明的技术构思和保护范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计构思的前提下,本领域普通技术人员对本技术方案作出的各种变型和改进,均应落入本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种除臭剂,其特征在于所述除臭剂由以下原料组成,按重量份数计,原料包括:生物酶1-5份、生物菌1-5份、植物基表面活性剂4-20份、抑菌性中药1-5份、溶剂10-50份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的除臭剂,其特征在于所述生物菌为枯草芽孢、地衣芽孢、巨大芽孢、凝结芽孢、粪肠菌、短小芽孢或侧胞芽孢中的一种或者几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的除臭剂,其特征在于所述生物酶为蛋白酶、木聚糖酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶或植酸酶中的一种或者几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的除臭剂,其特征在于所述植物基表面活性剂为鼠李糖脂、脂肽、烷基多苷、甜菜碱、氧化胺、脂肪酸甲酯磺酸盐、醇醚硫酸盐或脂肪醇醚中的一种或者几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的除臭剂,其特征在于所述抑菌性中药为白芨、佩兰、薄荷、熏衣草、迷迭香、茶树叶或茶多酚中的一种或者几种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的除臭剂,其特征在于所述除臭剂还包括矿物质,所述矿物质为火山灰、元明粉、沸石粉、膨润土、纯碱、小苏打或高岭土中的一种或者几种,所述矿物质为30-50份。
7.根据权利要求1所述的除臭剂,其特征在于所述溶剂为乙醇、去离子水组成的混合物,乙醇与去离子水配比为1∶100至1∶10。
8.根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的除臭剂,其特征在于所述除臭剂,按重量份数计,原料包括:生物酶1-3份、生物菌1-3份、植物基表面活性剂4-12份、抑菌性中药1-3份、溶剂15-40份。
9.根据权利要求8所述的除臭剂,其特征在于所述除臭剂,按重量份数计,原料包括:生物酶1份、生物菌1份、植物基表面活性剂4份、抑菌性中药1份和溶剂15份。
10.一种除臭剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括:
(1)将乙醇加入去离子水中,在室温下使用磁力搅拌器以250-350rpm的转速搅拌3-5min,得到混合液A。
(2)将生物酶、生物菌、植物基表面活性剂、抑菌性中药加入到混合液A中,使用磁力搅拌器在30-40℃、转速180-230rpm下恒温搅拌25-35min,获得混合液B;
(3)将混合液B转移至均质机中,在压力10MPa,转速4000-6000rpm下均质3-8min,即获得目标除臭剂产品;
或者,上述步骤(3)获得的混合物进一步与所述矿物质混合,充分搅拌,在30-40℃烘干,研磨成粉即得环保高效除臭剂。
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