CN114832143A - 一种壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,首先采用改进的Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯;以壳聚糖为聚合物基体,乙醇/水/乙酸为溶剂,通过热致相分离法制备壳聚糖纳米纤维膜;将壳聚糖纳米纤维膜用低温等离子体辐射处理引入活性自由基,后将漆酚接枝到壳聚糖纳米纤维膜上得到壳聚糖纳米纤维膜接枝漆酚。最后将壳聚糖接枝漆酚与氧化石墨烯复合,戊二醛交联得到壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料。壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料具有高效快速止血能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,属于功能生物医学材料和复合材料领域。
背景技术
过度失血通常会引起休克、感染、器官衰竭,从而危机生命。在严重受伤时如果能在短时间内止血就可以大大降低死亡率,因此开发具有快速止血功能的医用材料对挽救生命具有重要的意义。随着科技的发展和伤员需求的提高,功能型快速止血材料即不仅能快速止血,还能抗菌消炎、生物相容、完全生物降解、安全无毒、组织修复的止血材料的研发显得尤为重要,因而这种外用材料的研究得到了世界各国学术界和工业界的关注。
壳聚糖作为一种天然高分子材料具有无毒、无害、可再生、及良好的生物相容性、生物可降解性和溶解性等优点,使其在食品、医疗、环境、化妆品、水处理等领域具有广泛的应用前景。同时,由于壳聚糖分子中含有大量的-NH2,可有效的与血细胞发生相互作用,因此在作为止血材料方面应用前景广泛。例如,谈澄康利用海藻酸钠和壳聚糖为原料制备复合止血敷料,分别通过热成型法和静电纺丝技术制备出含海藻酸盐的聚乙烯醇止血海绵和具有抗菌效果的壳聚糖纳米纤维膜。体外凝血测试表明其具有优良的止血效果(谈澄康,CS/PVA-海藻酸盐复合止血敷料的制备及性能研究,东华大学)。如何进一步提高壳聚糖材料的止血效果成为目前科学研究的热点。
发明内容:
本发明的目的在于提供一种壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,以解决现有技术中所存在的上述问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
分别制备氧化石墨烯和壳聚糖接枝漆酚;
将所述壳聚糖接枝漆酚分散在蒸馏水中,加入氧化石墨烯,50~70℃下反应后,将产物接着浸泡在戊二醛水溶液中,在60~80℃下进行交联反应8h,得到所述壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料。
作为优选方案,所述氧化石墨烯的制备方法为:
将鳞片石墨分散于磷酸中,在冰水浴下,加入浓硫酸,磁力搅拌,加入高锰酸钾,反应2h后,升温至40~60℃继续反应1h,冷却至室温,向反应液中加冰水,搅拌,滴加双氧水,抽滤、洗涤、真空干燥,得到氧化石墨烯。
作为优选方案,所述鳞片石墨、磷酸和高锰酸钾的质量比为(1~2):(4~6):(3~6)。
作为优选方案,所述壳聚糖接枝漆酚的制备方法为:
将壳聚糖纳米纤维膜经过等离子体的辐照后,浸入漆酚/乙醇的混合溶液中,在60~80℃下进行回流反应2~3h,得到壳聚糖接枝漆酚。
作为优选方案,所述壳聚糖纳米纤维膜的制备方法为:
将壳聚糖加入乙醇/水/乙酸混合溶剂中,常温下磁力搅拌溶解,得到淬火液;
将所述火液在-50~-10℃下淬火进行后,将NaOH凝固液缓慢倒入淬火液中浸泡6h,浸泡结束后,用蒸馏水冲洗至pH为中性,-50℃冷冻干燥,得到壳聚糖纳米纤维膜。
作为优选方案,所述混合溶剂中,乙醇和水的质量比为(5~7):(3~6)、淬火液中壳聚糖的质量浓度为1~3%,淬火时间为100~500min,NaOH凝固液中,NaOH质量浓度为1~2%。
作为优选方案,所述等离子体的压强为300~500Pa、功率为80~120W、辐照时间为3~5min。
作为优选方案,所述壳聚糖接枝漆酚和氧化石墨烯的质量比为(2~3):(1~2),戊二醛溶液的质量分数为3~5%。
一种由前述的制备方法得到的壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料。
一种如前述壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料在止血材料中的用途。
本发明的基本原理为:
首先采用改进的Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯,主要利用磷酸代替硝酸,这样反应条件温和,不会有任何有毒气体。以壳聚糖为聚合物基体,乙醇/水/乙酸为溶剂,通过热致相分离法制备壳聚糖纳米纤维膜。将壳聚糖纳米纤维膜用低温等离子体辐射处理引入活性自由基,后将漆酚接枝到壳聚糖纳米纤维膜上得到壳聚糖纳米纤维膜接枝漆酚。最后将壳聚糖接枝漆酚与氧化石墨烯复合,戊二醛交联得到壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的有益效果:
1)壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料,利用氧化石墨烯激活Src激酶并从细胞内储存释放钙而引起血小板强烈聚集从而提高材料的凝血速率;
2)利用壳聚糖纳米纤维膜和氧化石墨烯的高孔隙率和大比表面积水凝胶可快速吸收血浆,使血细胞积聚在表面上,从而促进血液在伤口表面凝结;
3)利用漆酚的主要成分儿茶酚的粘附基团、疏水烷基链和壳聚糖纳米纤维膜的吸水协同作用,赋予复合材料高效快速止血能力。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显:
图1为本发明制备的壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的扫描电镜图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
本实施例涉及一种壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
1)将1.2g鳞片石墨和5g磷酸加入三口烧瓶中,将三口烧瓶置于冰水浴中,缓慢加入20mL浓硫酸,磁力搅拌10min,缓慢加入4g高锰酸钾,反应2h。温度升温至50℃继续反应1h,冷却至室温,向反应液中加入100mL冰水,搅拌,滴加1mL双氧水(质量浓度为30%),抽滤、洗涤、真空干燥,得到氧化石墨烯。
2)将0.75g壳聚糖加入60g乙醇-水-乙酸混合溶剂中(乙醇-水-乙酸混合溶剂中,乙醇和水的体积比为7:3,乙酸的质量浓度为1%),常温下磁力搅拌溶解,得到淬火液。将淬火液倒入培养皿中,放入-25℃超低温冰箱中淬火300min,淬火结束后,将质量浓度为1%NaOH凝固液从培养皿边缘缓慢倒入培养皿中浸泡6h,浸泡结束后,用蒸馏水冲洗pH至中性后将水倒出,-50℃冷冻干燥,得到壳聚糖纳米纤维膜。
3)将0.8g壳聚糖纳米纤维膜放入低温等离子体处理仪中,压强为400Pa、功率为100W的氮气流中,辐照5min,在壳聚糖纳米纤维膜表面引入自由基。将壳聚糖纳米纤维膜放到质量分数为2wt%漆酚/乙醇的混合溶液中,在70℃下进行回流反应2h。反应结束后,用乙醇洗涤多次以保证未反应漆酚的去除,80℃的真空干燥箱干燥12h,得到壳聚糖接枝漆酚。
4)将0.6g壳聚糖接枝漆酚分散在100mL蒸馏水中,加入0.6g氧化石墨烯,60℃恒温水浴振荡反应5h。产物接着浸泡在50mL质量浓度为4%戊二醛水溶液中,70℃反应8h。浸泡结束后,用大量蒸馏水洗涤,真空干燥至恒重,得到壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料。
实施例1制备的壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料扫描电镜如图1所示,复合材料为纤维状结构,纤维与纤维之间存在大量孔隙,孔隙的存在大大提高了复合材料的孔隙率。壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的孔隙率为88.15%,比表面积为19.12m2/g。采用凝血指数(BCI)在体外进行评估,通过血红蛋白溶液的吸光度值来判断其血液凝结速率。壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的BCI为43.2%。
实施例2
本实施例涉及一种壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
1)将1g鳞片石墨和5g磷酸加入三口烧瓶中,将三口烧瓶置于冰水浴中,缓慢加入20mL浓硫酸,磁力搅拌10min,缓慢加入3g高锰酸钾,反应2h。温度升温至50℃继续反应1h,冷却至室温,向反应液中加入100mL冰水,搅拌,滴加1mL双氧水(质量浓度为30%),抽滤、洗涤、真空干燥,得到氧化石墨烯。
2)将0.8g壳聚糖加入60g乙醇-水-乙酸混合溶剂中(乙醇-水-乙酸混合溶剂中,乙醇和水的体积比为6:4,乙酸的质量浓度为1.5%),常温下磁力搅拌溶解,得到淬火液。将淬火液倒入培养皿中,放入-30℃超低温冰箱中淬火200min,淬火结束后,将质量浓度为1.2%NaOH凝固液从培养皿边缘缓慢倒入培养皿中浸泡6h,浸泡结束后,用蒸馏水冲洗pH至中性后将水倒出,-50℃冷冻干燥,得到壳聚糖纳米纤维膜。
3)将0.8g壳聚糖纳米纤维膜放入低温等离子体处理仪中,压强为350Pa、功率为120W的氮气流中,辐照4min,在壳聚糖纳米纤维膜表面引入自由基。将壳聚糖纳米纤维膜放到质量分数为2.5wt%漆酚/乙醇的混合溶液中,在70℃下进行回流反应2.5h。反应结束后,用乙醇洗涤多次以保证未反应漆酚的去除,80℃的真空干燥箱干燥12h,得到壳聚糖接枝漆酚。
4)将0.8g壳聚糖接枝漆酚分散在100mL蒸馏水中,加入0.5g氧化石墨烯,60℃恒温水浴振荡反应5h。产物接着浸泡在50mL质量浓度为5%戊二醛水溶液中,70℃反应8h。浸泡结束后,用大量蒸馏水洗涤,真空干燥至恒重,得到壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料。
实施例1制备的壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的孔隙率为86.44%,比表面积为17.94m2/g。采用凝血指数(BCI)在体外进行评估,通过血红蛋白溶液的吸光度值来判断其血液凝结速率。壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的BCI为48.1%。
实施例3
本实施例涉及一种壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
1)将1.1g鳞片石墨和4.5g磷酸加入三口烧瓶中,将三口烧瓶置于冰水浴中,缓慢加入20mL浓硫酸,磁力搅拌10min,缓慢加入6g高锰酸钾,反应2h。温度升温至50℃继续反应1h,冷却至室温,向反应液中加入100mL冰水,搅拌,滴加1mL双氧水(质量浓度为30%),抽滤、洗涤、真空干燥,得到氧化石墨烯。
2)将0.9g壳聚糖加入60g乙醇-水-乙酸混合溶剂中(乙醇-水-乙酸混合溶剂中,乙醇和水的体积比为5:5,乙酸的质量浓度为1.3%),常温下磁力搅拌溶解,得到淬火液。将淬火液倒入培养皿中,放入-15℃超低温冰箱中淬火350min,淬火结束后,将质量浓度为1.5%NaOH凝固液从培养皿边缘缓慢倒入培养皿中浸泡6h,浸泡结束后,用蒸馏水冲洗pH至中性后将水倒出,-50℃冷冻干燥,得到壳聚糖纳米纤维膜。
3)将0.8g壳聚糖纳米纤维膜放入低温等离子体处理仪中,压强为400Pa、功率为80W的氮气流中,辐照4min,在壳聚糖纳米纤维膜表面引入自由基。将壳聚糖纳米纤维膜放到质量分数为2wt%漆酚/乙醇的混合溶液中,在70℃下进行回流反应3h。反应结束后,用乙醇洗涤多次以保证未反应漆酚的去除,80℃的真空干燥箱干燥12h,得到壳聚糖接枝漆酚。
4)将0.7g壳聚糖接枝漆酚分散在100mL蒸馏水中,加入0.4g氧化石墨烯,60℃恒温水浴振荡反应5h。产物接着浸泡在50mL质量浓度为4%戊二醛水溶液中,70℃反应8h。浸泡结束后,用大量蒸馏水洗涤,真空干燥至恒重,得到壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料。
实施例1制备的壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的孔隙率为90.11%,比表面积为18.31m2/g。采用凝血指数(BCI)在体外进行评估,通过血红蛋白溶液的吸光度值来判断其血液凝结速率。壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的BCI为44.1%。
对比例1
与实施例1不同的是步骤3)中,用壳聚糖粉末代替壳聚糖纳米纤维膜,最终得到壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料,该材料的孔隙率为65.22%,比表面积为7.12m2/g。采用凝血指数(BCI)在体外进行评估,通过血红蛋白溶液的吸光度值来判断其血液凝结速率。壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的BCI为62.1%。
对比例2
与实施例1不同的是步骤4中,氧化石墨烯的添加量为0,最终得到壳聚糖接枝漆酚,该材料的孔隙率为90.1%,比表面积为18.1m2/g。采用凝血指数(BCI)在体外进行评估,通过血红蛋白溶液的吸光度值来判断其血液凝结速率。壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的BCI为55.9%。
对比例3
与实施例1不同的是省略步骤3),直接将壳聚糖纳米纤维膜用于复合,最终得到壳聚糖纳米纤维膜/氧化石墨烯复合材料,该该材料的孔隙率为87.8%,比表面积为16.9m2/g。采用凝血指数(BCI)在体外进行评估,通过血红蛋白溶液的吸光度值来判断其血液凝结速率。壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的BCI为51.1%。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。
Claims (10)
1.一种壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
分别制备氧化石墨烯和壳聚糖接枝漆酚;
将所述壳聚糖接枝漆酚分散在蒸馏水中,加入氧化石墨烯,50~70℃下反应后,将产物接着浸泡在戊二醛水溶液中,在60~80℃下进行交联反应8h,得到所述壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述氧化石墨烯的制备方法为:
将鳞片石墨分散于磷酸中,在冰水浴下,加入浓硫酸,磁力搅拌,加入高锰酸钾,反应2h后,升温至40~60℃继续反应1h,冷却至室温,向反应液中加冰水,搅拌,滴加双氧水,抽滤、洗涤、真空干燥,得到氧化石墨烯。
3.如权利要求2所述的壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述鳞片石墨、磷酸和高锰酸钾的质量比为(1~2):(4~6):(3~6)。
4.如权利要求1所述的壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述壳聚糖接枝漆酚的制备方法为:
将壳聚糖纳米纤维膜经过等离子体的辐照后,浸入漆酚/乙醇的混合溶液中,在60~80℃下进行回流反应2~3h,得到壳聚糖接枝漆酚。
5.如权利要求4所述的壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述壳聚糖纳米纤维膜的制备方法为:
将壳聚糖加入乙醇/水/乙酸混合溶剂中,常温下磁力搅拌溶解,得到淬火液;
将所述火液在-50~-10℃下淬火进行后,将NaOH凝固液缓慢倒入淬火液中浸泡6h,浸泡结束后,用蒸馏水冲洗至pH为中性,-50℃冷冻干燥,得到壳聚糖纳米纤维膜。
6.如权利要求5所述的壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述混合溶剂中,乙醇和水的质量比为(5~7):(3~6)、淬火液中壳聚糖的质量浓度为1~3%,淬火时间为100~500min,NaOH凝固液中,NaOH质量浓度为1~2%。
7.如权利要求4所述的壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述等离子体的压强为300~500Pa、功率为80~120W、辐照时间为3~5min。
8.如权利要求1所述的壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述壳聚糖接枝漆酚和氧化石墨烯的质量比为(2~3):(1~2),戊二醛溶液的质量分数为3~5%。
9.一种由权利要求1~8中任意一项所述的制备方法得到的壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料。
10.一种如权利要求9所述壳聚糖接枝漆酚/氧化石墨烯复合材料在止血材料中的用途。
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WO2020154822A1 (es) * | 2019-01-31 | 2020-08-06 | Universidad De Concepcion | Aerogel en base a óxido de grafeno y quitosano con aplicación hemostática |
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CN115926245B (zh) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-11-07 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 | 一种高效止血的壳聚糖交联氧化石墨烯复合海绵及其制备方法与应用 |
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