CN114830921B - Machine and method for picking up missed peanuts after harvesting - Google Patents
Machine and method for picking up missed peanuts after harvesting Download PDFInfo
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- CN114830921B CN114830921B CN202210566255.9A CN202210566255A CN114830921B CN 114830921 B CN114830921 B CN 114830921B CN 202210566255 A CN202210566255 A CN 202210566255A CN 114830921 B CN114830921 B CN 114830921B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D89/00—Pick-ups for loaders, chaff-cutters, balers, field-threshers, or the like, i.e. attachments for picking-up hay or the like field crops
- A01D89/001—Pick-up systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D89/00—Pick-ups for loaders, chaff-cutters, balers, field-threshers, or the like, i.e. attachments for picking-up hay or the like field crops
- A01D89/006—Accessories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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- Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a machine and a method for picking up missed peanuts after harvesting, and belongs to the technical field of peanut harvesting machinery. The technical scheme is as follows: the front air suction port (8) and the rear air suction port (10) are respectively communicated with a front peanut channel (38) and a rear peanut channel (39); in the advancing process of the depth-limiting throwing roller (9), a throwing steel needle (21) on the surface is inserted into soil, peanuts left in the soil are turned up, and the peanuts left on the ground, together with the peanuts left on the ground, are sucked into a front air suction opening and a rear air suction opening by negative pressure generated by a fan (7), enter a negative pressure air chamber (31) along a front peanut channel and a rear peanut channel respectively, and enter a peanut collecting bin (1) for wind power sorting under the action of the fan. After the peanuts are harvested, the peanuts which are missed in the field land are secondarily recovered through secondary picking operation, and meanwhile dust, seedling branch sundries and the like in the recovery process are cleaned, so that the effects of reducing loss, saving labor, maintaining yield and improving efficiency are achieved, and the peanut harvester is convenient to operate and compact in structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a machine and a method for picking up missed peanuts after harvesting, and belongs to the technical field of peanut harvesting machinery.
Background
At present, peanut harvesting is mature, and two types of peanut harvesting modes are adopted: one is a peanut combined harvesting technology, the other is a peanut segmented harvesting technology, and the two technologies are different in airing sequence. The combined peanut harvesting technology completes the procedures of digging, soil shaking, fruit picking, cleaning, fruit collection and the like at one time, and then the combined peanut harvesting technology is used for airing in courtyards, places and the like; the segmented harvesting of the peanuts is finished by firstly digging by a peanut digger, shaking soil, laying, airing on site, airing for more than three days (sunny day), and then picking, cleaning, collecting and the like by a peanut picking machine. In any of the above harvesting modes, a considerable amount of peanuts are missed due to untimely digging or picking operation during harvesting, or remain in soil or fall on the ground, so that serious mechanical harvesting loss is caused; the prior art does not have corresponding machinery to finish picking up the missed peanuts after harvesting, only can discard the missed peanuts, or adopts manual picking up of the peanuts left in the field, but the labor cost is very high, and generally accounts for more than 50% of the picking-up income, so that the yield and income of farmers are reduced, and if the missed peanuts are discarded, the missed peanuts cannot be returned to the warehouse, and the peanut fruits are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a machine and a method for picking up missing peanuts after harvesting, which are used for secondarily recovering peanuts left on the ground surface or in soil through picking up operation after peanut harvesting is finished, and meanwhile, cleaning the peanuts, dust, seedling sundries and the like, so that labor is saved, yield and income are increased, the operation is convenient, the structure is compact, and the problems in the background technology are solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a missing peanut picking machine after harvesting comprises a fan volute, a fan, a fruit collecting bin and a deep throwing-conveying limiting roller, wherein the fan is arranged in the fan volute, a negative pressure air chamber is formed in the fan volute, the fruit collecting bin is arranged at the top of the fan volute, and the deep throwing-conveying limiting roller is arranged at the bottom of the fan volute; the surface of the depth-limiting throwing roller is fully covered with throwing steel needles, and all the throwing steel needles are obliquely arranged towards the advancing direction of the depth-limiting throwing roller; the front side wall and the rear side wall of the fan volute are both double-layer jacket structures formed by the inner wall of the fan volute and the outer wall of the fan volute, a front peanut channel and a rear peanut channel are formed between the inner wall of the fan volute and the outer wall of the fan volute, and the inner walls of the front peanut channel and the rear peanut channel are communicated with the negative pressure air chamber through a peanut inlet of the fan volute; the front part and the rear part of the depth-limiting throwing roller are respectively provided with a side plate, the front side and the rear side above the depth-limiting throwing roller are respectively provided with a throwing separating plate, the front side and the rear side above the depth-limiting throwing roller are respectively provided with a front air suction opening and a rear air suction opening, and the front air suction opening and the rear air suction opening are respectively communicated with the front peanut channel and the rear peanut channel. In the advancing process of the depth-limiting throwing roller, a throwing steel needle on the surface is inserted into soil, peanuts left in the soil are turned up, the peanuts left on the ground and the peanuts left on the ground are sucked into a front air suction opening and a rear air suction opening by negative pressure generated by a fan, and enter a negative pressure air chamber along a front peanut channel and a rear peanut channel respectively, and enter a peanut collecting bin for wind power sorting under the action of the fan.
The side plates are obliquely arranged, the two throwing separation plates are respectively arranged above the front part, the rear part and the obliquely upper part of the depth-limiting throwing roller, are positioned in the tangential direction of the depth-limiting throwing roller, and are arranged close to the throwing steel needles of the depth-limiting throwing roller; the distance between the two throwing separating plates is slightly smaller than the diameter of the excircle formed by all the throwing steel needles.
The two throwing separating plates are respectively welded with the inner wall of the fan, the two side plates are respectively welded with the outer wall of the fan, the front and rear throwing separating plates and the front and rear side plates form a front air suction opening and a rear air suction opening together, the suction force of the front air suction opening and the rear air suction opening is increased, and meanwhile, throwing steel needles or hanging or squeezing peanuts are prevented.
And all the throwing steel needles are axially arranged on the outer surface of the depth-limiting throwing roller to form a plurality of spiral lines, and the forward inclination angles of all the throwing steel needles are the same.
The fruit collection bin is connected with the fan volute through a grain unloading rotating shaft.
The peanut collecting bin is divided into a peanut bin and a pressure drop chamber, the top of the peanut bin is communicated with the pressure drop chamber, the bottom of the pressure drop chamber is communicated with the outlet of the negative pressure air chamber, the top of the peanut bin is provided with a grain unloading and impurity discharging port, the peanut bin is rotated through a grain unloading rotating shaft, and peanuts are discharged through the grain unloading and impurity discharging port; the fruit collecting bin wall is provided with a plurality of pressure relief holes, and the top of the fruit collecting bin is provided with a plurality of dust separating holes. Peanuts and the like in the negative pressure air chamber enter the pressure drop chamber, are decompressed through the decompression holes, impurities such as dust and the like are discharged through the dust separation holes, and peanut fruits enter the peanut bin.
The center of the upper part of the front surface of the fan volute is provided with an upper suspension hole, the lower part of the front surface of the fan volute is provided with a rectangular pipe cross beam, a lower suspension shaft penetrates through the rectangular pipe cross beam, and the upper suspension hole and two end parts of the lower suspension shaft form three-point suspension and are connected with a tractor.
The center of the fan volute is provided with a fan bearing and is provided with a fan shaft head in a matching mode, and the fan shaft head drives fan blades in the fan volute to rotate. The fan shaft head is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor to provide power for the fan.
The fan volute below the upper hanging hole is provided with a wind pressure adjusting plate for adjusting the wind pressure in the negative pressure fan chamber.
And a reinforcing sheet metal is arranged between the fan bearing and the rectangular tube cross beam, so that the strength is increased.
The rear of the fan volute is provided with a rear bearing depth-limiting wheel through a rear depth-limiting wheel support arm, a support spring rod is arranged on the rear bearing depth-limiting wheel, the support spring rod is connected with the fan volute through a rear depth-limiting wheel support, and the rear bearing depth-limiting wheel plays roles in weighing and guiding walking.
The depth-limiting polishing roller consists of a depth-limiting roller rubber layer, a depth-limiting roller lining steel pipe, a depth-limiting roller bearing and a depth-limiting roller shaft, wherein the depth-limiting roller bearings are respectively arranged at two ends of the depth-limiting roller lining steel pipe, the depth-limiting roller shaft penetrates through the depth-limiting roller bearings, the depth-limiting roller rubber layer is arranged outside the depth-limiting roller lining steel pipe, and a polishing steel needle is fixed on the depth-limiting roller lining steel pipe and penetrates out of the depth-limiting roller rubber layer.
And a combined sealing ring is arranged outside the depth-limiting roller bearing.
The depth-limiting throwing roller is matched with a detachable parking bracket.
A method for picking up missing peanuts after harvesting, which adopts the peanut picking machine, comprises the following steps: the power output shaft of the tractor is connected with the fan shaft head to provide power for the fan; the wind pressure adjusting plate is used for controlling the wind quantity of the blower in full-load operation, and the front wind suction port and the rear wind suction port are used for absorbing ground surface peanuts, dust and seedling branches and conveying the ground surface peanuts, dust and seedling branches to the pressure drop chamber; simultaneously, the depth-limiting throwing roller rotates, the peanuts left in the soil are turned out through a throwing steel needle and are thrown to a front air suction port and a rear air suction port, and the peanuts are conveyed to a pressure drop chamber through wind power; discharging dust and seedling branches through a dust separation hole, a pressure relief hole and a grain discharging and impurity discharging port of the pressure drop chamber; the peanuts fall to the peanut bin under the action of gravity, and the picked peanut is unloaded by the grain unloading and impurity discharging port.
The invention can adopt a tractor with more than 25 horsepower as power, uses one ridge and two rows as working surfaces, has small working surface, compact machine body structure, convenience and flexibility and optimal sand and loam working effect; the rear bearing depth limiting wheel 26 is arranged at the rear part, so that the working quality and the working effect of the whole machine are ensured for bearing depth limiting.
The most important innovation points of the invention are as follows: the comprehensive picking up of the ground surface and the underground (soil) peanuts is ensured by tightly combining the depth-limiting throwing roller with the front air suction port and the rear air suction port; the steel needle is thrown by a depth limiting throwing roller and is welded with the front air suction opening and the rear air suction opening of the fan in a tangential direction with the side plate, so that the steel needle is prevented from being thrown or the peanut is prevented from being hung or extruded; the throwing steel needle is convenient for picking up peanuts left in the soil, and the depth limiting roller rubber layer is additionally arranged between the depth limiting roller lining steel tube and the throwing steel needle, so that the peanuts left on the ground surface are prevented from being damaged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: after the peanuts are harvested, the peanuts which are left in the field land are secondarily recovered through picking up operation, and meanwhile dust, seedling branch sundries and the like in the recovery process are cleaned, so that the effects of reducing loss, saving labor, protecting yield and improving efficiency are achieved, and the device is convenient to operate and compact in structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional C-C view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a parking bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a depth-limiting throwing roller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the D-D cross-sectional structure of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a bottom perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: the peanut harvester comprises a peanut bin 1, a grain unloading rotating shaft 2, a wind pressure adjusting plate 3, a fan shaft head 4, a fan bearing 5, a lower suspension shaft 6, a fan 7, a front air suction opening 8, a deep-air limiting throwing roller 9, a rear air suction opening 10, a dust separating hole 11, a pressure relief hole 12, a throwing separating plate 13, a pressure drop chamber 14, a partition plate 15, a peanut bin 16, a grain unloading impurity discharging opening 17, a fan blade 18, a fan volute 19, a deep-air limiting roller shaft 20, a throwing steel needle 21, a deep-air limiting roller rubber layer 22, a side plate 23, a deep-air limiting roller bearing 24, an upper suspension hole 25, a rear bearing deep-air limiting wheel 26, a spring supporting rod 27, a parking bracket 28, a rear deep-air limiting wheel support 29, a rear deep-air limiting wheel support arm 30, a negative pressure air chamber 31, a reinforced sheet metal 32, a rectangular pipe cross beam 33, a deep-air limiting roller lining steel pipe 34, a combined sealing ring 35, a fan volute inner wall 36, a fan volute outer wall 37, a front peanut channel 38, a rear peanut channel 39 and a fan volute peanut inlet 40.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The utility model provides a missing peanut pickup machine after harvesting, contains fan spiral case 19, fan 7, collection fruit storehouse 1 and limit dark throwing roller 9, and fan 7 sets up in fan spiral case 19, forms negative pressure plenum 31 in the fan spiral case 19, and fan spiral case 19 top sets up collection fruit storehouse 1, and fan spiral case 19 bottom sets up limit dark throwing roller 9; the surface of the depth-limiting throwing roller 9 is fully covered with throwing steel needles 21, and all the throwing steel needles 21 are obliquely arranged towards the advancing direction of the depth-limiting throwing roller 9; the front side wall and the rear side wall of the fan volute 19 are of double-layer jacket structures formed by the inner wall 36 of the fan volute and the outer wall 37 of the fan volute, a front peanut channel 38 and a rear peanut channel 39 are formed between the inner wall 36 of the fan volute and the outer wall 37 of the fan volute, and the inner walls of the front peanut channel 38 and the rear peanut channel 39 are communicated with the negative pressure air chamber 31 through a fan volute peanut inlet 40; the front part and the rear part of the depth limiting throwing roller 9 are respectively provided with a side plate 23, the front side and the rear side above the depth limiting throwing roller 9 are respectively provided with a throwing separating plate 13, the front and the rear sides of the two side plates 23 and the two throwing separating plates 13 respectively form a front air suction opening 8 and a rear air suction opening 10 in front of and behind the depth limiting throwing roller 9, and the front air suction opening 8 and the rear air suction opening 10 are respectively communicated with a front peanut channel 38 and a rear peanut channel 39. In the advancing process of the depth-limiting throwing roller 9, the throwing steel needle 21 on the surface is inserted into soil, the peanuts left in the soil are turned up, the peanuts left on the ground and the peanuts left on the ground are sucked into the front air suction opening 8 and the rear air suction opening 10 by negative pressure generated by the fan 7, and enter the negative pressure air chamber 31 along the front peanut channel 38 and the rear peanut channel 39 respectively, and enter the peanut collecting bin 1 for wind power sorting under the action of the fan 7.
The side plates 23 are obliquely arranged, the two throwing separation plates 13 are respectively arranged above the front part, the rear part and the obliquely upper part of the depth limiting throwing roller 9, are positioned in the tangential direction of the depth limiting throwing roller 9, and are arranged close to the throwing steel needles of the depth limiting throwing roller 9; the distance between the two throwing separating plates 13 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the outer circle formed by all the throwing steel needles 21.
The two throwing separating plates 13 are respectively welded with the inner wall of the fan 7, the two side plates are respectively welded with the outer wall of the fan 7, the front and rear throwing separating plates 13 and the front and rear side plates 23 form a front air suction inlet 8 and a rear air suction inlet 10 together, the suction force of the front air suction inlet 8 and the rear air suction inlet 10 is increased, and meanwhile, the throwing steel needles 21 are prevented from being hung or extruded on peanuts.
All the casting steel needles 21 are axially arranged on the outer surface of the depth-limiting casting roller 9 to form a plurality of spiral lines, and all the casting steel needles 21 have the same forward inclination angle.
The fruit collection bin 1 is connected with a fan volute 19 through a grain unloading rotating shaft 2.
The fruit collecting bin 1 is internally provided with a longitudinally arranged partition plate 15, the fruit collecting bin 1 is divided into a fruit bin 16 and a pressure drop chamber 14, the top of the fruit bin 16 is communicated with the bottom of the pressure drop chamber 14, the top of the fruit bin 16 is provided with a grain unloading and impurity discharging port 17, the fruit collecting bin 1 is rotated through a grain unloading rotating shaft 2, and peanuts are discharged through the grain unloading and impurity discharging port 17; the wall of the fruit collecting bin 1 is provided with a plurality of pressure relief holes 12, and the top of the fruit collecting bin 1 is provided with a plurality of dust separating holes 11. Peanuts and the like in the negative pressure air chamber 31 enter the pressure drop chamber 14, are decompressed through the decompression hole 12, impurities such as dust and the like are discharged through the dust separation hole 11, and peanut fruits enter the fruit bin 16.
The center of the upper part of the front surface of the fan volute 19 is provided with an upper suspension hole 25, the lower part is provided with a rectangular pipe beam 33, the rectangular pipe beam 33 penetrates through the lower suspension shaft 6, and the upper suspension hole 25 and two ends of the lower suspension shaft 6 form three-point suspension and are connected with a tractor.
The center of the fan volute 19 is provided with a fan bearing 5 and a fan shaft head 4 which is matched with the fan bearing, and the fan shaft head 4 drives fan blades 18 in the fan volute 19 to rotate. The fan shaft head 4 is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor to provide power for the fan 7.
The fan volute 19 below the upper suspension hole 25 is provided with a wind pressure adjusting plate 3 for adjusting the wind pressure in the negative pressure air chamber 31.
And a reinforcing sheet metal 32 is arranged between the fan bearing 5 and the rectangular tube beam 33, so that the strength is improved.
The rear of the fan volute 19 is provided with a rear bearing depth-limiting wheel 26 through a rear depth-limiting wheel support arm 30, the rear bearing depth-limiting wheel 26 is provided with a support spring rod 27, the support spring rod 27 is connected with the fan volute 19 through a rear depth-limiting wheel support 29, and the rear bearing depth-limiting wheel 26 plays roles in weighing and guiding walking.
The depth-limiting throwing roller 9 consists of a depth-limiting roller rubber layer 22, a depth-limiting roller lining steel pipe 34, a depth-limiting roller bearing 24 and a depth-limiting roller shaft 20, wherein the depth-limiting roller bearings 24 are respectively arranged at two ends of the depth-limiting roller lining steel pipe 34, the depth-limiting roller shaft 20 penetrates through the depth-limiting roller bearing 24, the depth-limiting roller rubber layer 22 is arranged outside the depth-limiting roller lining steel pipe 34, and a throwing steel needle 21 is fixed on the depth-limiting roller lining steel pipe 34 and penetrates out of the depth-limiting roller rubber layer 22.
The combined sealing ring 35 is arranged outside the depth limiting roller bearing 24.
The depth-limiting throwing roller 9 is fitted with a detachable parking bracket 28.
A method for picking up missing peanuts after harvesting, which adopts the peanut picking machine, comprises the following steps: the power output shaft of the tractor is connected with the fan shaft head 4 to provide power for the fan 7; the wind pressure adjusting plate 3 is used for controlling the wind quantity of the blower 7 in full-load operation, and the front wind suction port 8 and the rear wind suction port 10 are used for absorbing ground surface peanuts, dust and seedling branches and conveying the ground surface peanuts, dust and seedling branches to the pressure drop chamber 14; simultaneously, the depth-limiting throwing roller 9 rotates, the peanuts left in the soil are turned out through the throwing steel needle 21 and are thrown into the front air suction opening 8 and the rear air suction opening 10, and the peanuts are conveyed to the pressure drop chamber 14 by wind power; dust and seedling branches are discharged through the dust separating hole 11, the pressure releasing hole 12 and the grain discharging and impurity discharging port 17 of the pressure drop chamber 14; the peanuts fall down to the peanut bin 16 under the action of gravity, and the picked-up peanuts are unloaded through the grain unloading and impurity discharging port 17.
The invention can adopt a tractor with more than 25 horsepower as power, uses one ridge and two rows as working surfaces, has small working surface, compact machine body structure, convenience and flexibility and optimal sand and loam working effect; the rear bearing depth limiting wheel 26 is arranged at the rear part, so that the working quality and the working effect of the whole machine are ensured for bearing depth limiting.
In an embodiment, the present invention employs a three-point suspension with a tractor.
The front wall of the fruit collection bin 1 is a sealing surface, dust and sundries are prevented from falling back, normal driving of a tractor is affected, dust separation holes 11 and pressure release holes 12 are distributed in other walls of the fruit collection bin 1, and the fruit bin 16 is of a semi-sealing structure and can collect about 40 kg of peanuts.
The fan 7 comprises a front air suction opening 8, a rear air suction opening 10, a wind pressure adjusting plate 3, a fan shaft head 4, a fan bearing 5, fan blades 18 and a fan volute 19, and the front air suction opening 8 and the rear air suction opening 10 have the following functions: firstly, the ground surface peanuts are absorbed and collected, and secondly, the buried peanuts which are excavated and thrown through the depth limiting throwing roller 9 are absorbed and thrown.
The wind pressure adjusting plate 3 is used for controlling the wind quantity of the fan 7 in full-load operation, ensuring that peanut, dust, seedling sundries and the like are conveyed to the pressure drop chamber 14, and simultaneously discharging the dust and seedling sundries through the dust separation hole 11, the pressure release hole 12 and the grain discharging and impurity discharging port 17 of the pressure drop chamber 14. The wind force is reduced in the top channel between the pressure drop chamber 14 and the fruit bin 16, and the peanut in the pressure drop chamber 14 falls to the fruit bin 16 due to gravity. The fan shaft head 4 is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor to provide power for the fan 7 and drive the fan blade 18 to do work.
The depth limiting roller shaft 20 of the depth limiting throwing roller 9 is pulled by a tractor to move forward, the depth limiting roller lining steel pipe 34 is made of metal and is integrated with the throwing steel needle 21, and meanwhile, the depth limiting roller rubber layer 22 is additionally arranged between the depth limiting roller lining steel pipe 34 and the throwing steel needle 21, so that the purpose of preventing the damage to peanuts falling on the ground caused by the depth limiting roller lining steel pipe 34 is achieved. The length of the throwing steel needle 21 is about 5cm which is exposed outside the depth limiting roller rubber layer 22, so that peanuts left in the soil can be picked up conveniently. The two throwing separation plates 13 are respectively arranged above the front part, the rear part and the inclined part of the depth limiting throwing roller 9, are positioned in the tangential direction of the depth limiting throwing roller 9, and are arranged close to the throwing steel needles of the depth limiting throwing roller 9; the distance between the two throwing separating plates 13 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the outer circle formed by all the throwing steel needles 21. The two throwing separating plates 13 are respectively welded with the inner walls of the front air suction opening 8 and the rear air suction opening 10 of the fan 7, so that the throwing steel needles 21 are prevented from being hung or extruded on the peanuts.
The depth limiting roller lining steel pipe 34 is arranged on the outer side of the depth limiting roller shaft 20, the throwing steel needle 21 is fixed on the outer surface of the depth limiting roller lining steel pipe 34, the depth limiting roller rubber layer 22 formed by rubber materials is additionally arranged, and meanwhile, the combined sealing rings 35 at the two ends of the depth limiting roller lining steel pipe 34 play a role in dust prevention.
The parking bracket 28 is used for supporting the depth-limiting throwing roller 9 when the invention does not work, and preventing the depth-limiting throwing roller 9 from being deformed due to uneven stress caused by long-term parking.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a machine is picked up to missing peanut after results which characterized in that: the fruit collecting bin (1) is arranged at the top of the fan volute (19), and the deep throwing roller (9) is arranged at the bottom of the fan volute (19); the surface of the depth-limiting throwing roller (9) is fully provided with throwing steel needles (21), and all the throwing steel needles (21) are obliquely arranged towards the advancing direction of the depth-limiting throwing roller (9); the front side wall and the rear side wall of the fan volute (19) are of double-layer jacket structures formed by the inner wall (36) of the fan volute and the outer wall (37) of the fan volute, a front peanut channel (38) and a rear peanut channel (39) are formed between the inner wall (36) of the fan volute and the outer wall (37) of the fan volute, and the inner walls of the front peanut channel (38) and the rear peanut channel (39) are communicated with the negative pressure air chamber (31) through a fan volute peanut inlet (40); the front part and the rear part of the depth-limiting throwing roller (9) are respectively provided with a side plate (23), throwing separation plates (13) are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side above the depth-limiting throwing roller (9), the two side plates (23) and the two throwing separation plates (13) respectively form a front air suction opening (8) and a rear air suction opening (10) in the front and the rear of the depth-limiting throwing roller (9), and the front air suction opening (8) and the rear air suction opening (10) are respectively communicated with a front peanut channel (38) and a rear peanut channel (39);
in the advancing process of the depth-limiting throwing roller (9), a throwing steel needle (21) on the surface is inserted into soil, peanuts left in the soil are turned up, and the peanuts left on the ground, together with the peanuts left on the ground, are sucked into a front suction inlet (8) and a rear suction inlet (10) by negative pressure generated by a fan (7), enter a negative pressure air chamber (31) along a front peanut channel (38) and a rear peanut channel (39) respectively, and enter a peanut collecting bin (1) for wind power sorting under the action of the fan (7);
the depth-limiting throwing roller (9) is composed of a depth-limiting roller rubber layer (22), a depth-limiting roller lining steel pipe (34), depth-limiting roller bearings (24) and a depth-limiting roller shaft (20), the depth-limiting roller bearings (24) are respectively arranged at two ends of the depth-limiting roller lining steel pipe (34), the depth-limiting roller shaft (20) penetrates through the depth-limiting roller bearings (24), the depth-limiting roller rubber layer (22) is arranged outside the depth-limiting roller lining steel pipe (34), and a throwing steel needle (21) is fixed on the depth-limiting roller lining steel pipe (34) and penetrates out of the depth-limiting roller rubber layer (22).
2. A post-harvest missing peanut picker as in claim 1 wherein: the side plates (23) are obliquely arranged, two throwing separation plates (13) are respectively arranged above the front part, the rear part and the obliquely upper part of the depth-limiting throwing roller (9), are positioned in the tangential direction of the depth-limiting throwing roller (9), and are close to throwing steel needles of the depth-limiting throwing roller (9); the distance between the two throwing separation plates (13) is smaller than the diameter of the outer circle formed by all the throwing steel needles (21).
3. A post-harvest missing peanut picker as in claim 2 wherein: the two throwing separating plates (13) are welded with the inner wall of the fan (7) respectively, the two side plates are welded with the outer wall of the fan (7) respectively, the front and rear throwing separating plates (13) and the front and rear side plates (23) form a front air suction inlet (8) and a rear air suction inlet (10) together, and the suction force of the front air suction inlet (8) and the rear air suction inlet (10) is increased.
4. A post-harvest missing peanut picker as in claim 3 wherein: all the throwing steel needles (21) are axially arranged on the outer surface of the depth-limiting throwing roller (9) to form a plurality of spiral lines, and all the throwing steel needles (21) are inclined forwards at the same angle.
5. A post-harvest missing peanut picker as in claim 4 wherein: a longitudinally arranged partition plate (15) is arranged in the fruit collection bin (1), the fruit collection bin (1) is divided into a fruit bin (16) and a pressure drop chamber (14) with the top communicated, the bottom of the pressure drop chamber (14) is communicated with the outlet of the negative pressure air chamber (31), a grain unloading and impurity discharging port (17) is arranged at the top of the fruit bin (16), the fruit collection bin (1) is rotated through a grain unloading rotating shaft (2), and peanuts are discharged through the grain unloading and impurity discharging port (17); the wall of the fruit collecting bin 1 is provided with a plurality of pressure relief holes (12), and the top of the fruit collecting bin (1) is provided with a plurality of dust separation holes (11); the peanut in the negative pressure air chamber (31) enters the pressure drop chamber (14), is decompressed through the decompression hole (12), dust and sundries are discharged through the dust separation hole (11), and the peanut fruit enters the fruit bin (16).
6. A post-harvest missing peanut picker as in claim 5 wherein: the center of the upper part of the front surface of the fan volute (19) is provided with an upper suspension hole (25), the lower part of the front surface of the fan volute is provided with a rectangular pipe cross beam (33), the rectangular pipe cross beam (33) penetrates through the lower suspension shaft (6), and the upper suspension hole (25) and two end parts of the lower suspension shaft (6) form three-point suspension and are connected with a tractor.
7. A post-harvest missing peanut picker as in claim 6 wherein: the center of the fan volute (19) is provided with a fan bearing (5) and a fan shaft head (4) which is matched with the fan bearing, and the fan shaft head (4) drives a fan blade (18) in the fan volute (19) to rotate; the fan shaft head (4) is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor to provide power for the fan (7); the fan volute (19) below the upper hanging hole (25) is provided with a wind pressure adjusting plate (3) for adjusting wind pressure in the negative pressure wind chamber (31).
8. A post-harvest missing peanut picker as in claim 1 or 2 wherein: the rear of the fan volute (19) is provided with a rear bearing depth-limiting wheel (26) through a rear depth-limiting wheel support arm (30), the rear bearing depth-limiting wheel (26) is provided with a spring rod (27), and the spring rod (27) is connected with the fan volute (19) through a rear depth-limiting wheel support (29).
9. A method for picking up missing peanuts after harvesting, which adopts the peanut picking machine as claimed in claim 7, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: the power output shaft of the tractor is connected with the fan shaft head (4) to provide power for the fan (7); the wind pressure adjusting plate (3) is used for controlling the wind quantity of the fan (7) in full-load operation, and the front air suction port (8) and the rear air suction port (10) are used for adsorbing ground peanuts, dust and seedling branches and conveying the ground peanuts, dust and seedling branches to the pressure drop chamber (14); simultaneously, the depth-limiting throwing roller (9) rotates, the peanuts left in the soil are turned out through the throwing steel needle (21), and are thrown into the front air suction port (8) and the rear air suction port (10), and are conveyed to the pressure drop chamber (14) through wind power; dust and seedling branches are discharged through a dust separation hole (11), a pressure relief hole (12) and a grain discharging and impurity discharging port (17) of the pressure drop chamber (14); the peanuts fall to a peanut bin (16) under the action of gravity, and the picked peanut is unloaded by a grain unloading and impurity discharging port (17).
10. A method of post-harvest missing peanut picking up as claimed in claim 9 wherein: adopts a tractor with more than 25 horsepower as power and takes one ridge and double rows as a working surface.
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| CN202210566255.9A CN114830921B (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Machine and method for picking up missed peanuts after harvesting |
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| CN202210566255.9A CN114830921B (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Machine and method for picking up missed peanuts after harvesting |
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| CN114830921B true CN114830921B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4607703A (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1986-08-26 | Wang Kuo Ming | Peanuts harvester and its harvesting method |
| JP2000069826A (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-03-07 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Peanut harvester |
| CN203896736U (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-10-29 | 王刚 | Peanut combine harvester |
| CN208768484U (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-04-23 | 长春福德机械制造有限公司 | A kind of peanut vine pick-up unit |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU484443B2 (en) * | 1974-09-09 | 1976-03-11 | Lilletun Corporation | Peanut harvesting machine |
| CN106818020B (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2019-05-28 | 临沭县东泰机械有限公司 | A kind of shedding Fu Shou mechanism and peanut combine |
-
2022
- 2022-05-24 CN CN202210566255.9A patent/CN114830921B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4607703A (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1986-08-26 | Wang Kuo Ming | Peanuts harvester and its harvesting method |
| JP2000069826A (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-03-07 | Iseki & Co Ltd | Peanut harvester |
| CN203896736U (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-10-29 | 王刚 | Peanut combine harvester |
| CN208768484U (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-04-23 | 长春福德机械制造有限公司 | A kind of peanut vine pick-up unit |
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| CN114830921A (en) | 2022-08-02 |
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