CN114829137A - 具有防晒涂层的复合玻璃板 - Google Patents
具有防晒涂层的复合玻璃板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114829137A CN114829137A CN202180004597.5A CN202180004597A CN114829137A CN 114829137 A CN114829137 A CN 114829137A CN 202180004597 A CN202180004597 A CN 202180004597A CN 114829137 A CN114829137 A CN 114829137A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- glass pane
- dielectric
- silver
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims description 235
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 399
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 230000000475 sunscreen effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000037072 sun protection Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Sn] GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 4
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000572 ellipsometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 3
- UVGLBOPDEUYYCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon zirconium Chemical compound [Si].[Zr] UVGLBOPDEUYYCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012799 electrically-conductive coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006750 UV protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910007717 ZnSnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CEPICIBPGDWCRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Hf] Chemical compound [Si].[Hf] CEPICIBPGDWCRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGACIEPFGXRWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ti] Chemical compound [Si].[Ti] UGACIEPFGXRWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005354 aluminosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006117 anti-reflective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMUXBDSQTCDPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Cr] UMUXBDSQTCDPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000623 nickel–chromium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
- B32B17/1011—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having predetermined tint or excitation purity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
- B32B17/10201—Dielectric coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
- B32B17/1022—Metallic coatings
- B32B17/10229—Metallic layers sandwiched by dielectric layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10293—Edge features, e.g. inserts or holes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
- B32B17/10348—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted comprising an obscuration band
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10376—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires
- B32B17/10385—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires for ohmic resistance heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1044—Invariable transmission
- B32B17/10449—Wavelength selective transmission
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10651—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10935—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin as a preformed layer, e.g. formed by extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3613—Coatings of type glass/inorganic compound/metal/inorganic compound/metal/other
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3626—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer one layer at least containing a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3639—Multilayers containing at least two functional metal layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3644—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the metal being silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3657—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having optical properties
- C03C17/366—Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3681—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
- B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/28—Multiple coating on one surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/202—Conductive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/204—Di-electric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/402—Coloured
- B32B2307/4026—Coloured within the layer by addition of a colorant, e.g. pigments, dyes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/41—Opaque
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/416—Reflective
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
复合玻璃板(100),其包括具有外侧表面(I)和内侧表面(II)的外玻璃板(1)、具有外侧表面(III)和内侧表面(IV)的内玻璃板(2)以及热塑性中间层(3),所述热塑性中间层将外玻璃板(1)的内侧表面(II)与内玻璃板(2)的外侧表面(III)接合,其中复合玻璃板(100)在外玻璃板(1)和内玻璃板(2)之间具有至少一个防晒涂层(4),其中防晒涂层(4)从内玻璃板(2)开始朝外玻璃板(1)的方向包括以下层序列:‑第一介电模块(M1),‑第一银层(Ag1),‑第二介电模块(M2),‑第二银层(Ag2),‑第三介电模块(M3),‑第三银层(Ag3),‑第四介电模块(M4),其中所述银层(Ag1、Ag2、Ag3)彼此之间具有Ag2>Ag1>Ag3的相对几何层厚度,并且防晒涂层的银层(Ag1、Ag2、Ag3)具有1.0<Ag1/Ag3且1.2<Ag2/Ag3<2的相对几何层厚度。
Description
本发明涉及具有改进的防晒涂层的复合玻璃板及其用途。
具有导电涂层的复合玻璃板在运载工具领域中是充分已知的,例如作为具有可加热的透明涂层的挡风玻璃板。该涂层通常包括多个银层,这些银层与介电层交替施加,由此一方面确保高导电性,另一方面确保在可见光谱范围内的充分透射。用于挡风玻璃板的更复杂的导电涂层也是已知的,其例如用作IR反射涂层以减少运载工具内部空间的升温并由此改进热舒适性。然而,涂层也可以用作可加热涂层,这通过将它们与电压源连接,以使电流流过涂层。合适的涂层包含导电的金属层,其特别是基于银。由于这些层易受腐蚀,通常将它们施加在外玻璃板或内玻璃板的面向中间层的表面上,以使它们不与大气接触。含银透明涂层例如从WO03/024155、US2007/0082219A1、US2007/0020465A1、WO2013/104438或WO2013/104439中已知。
尤其是在汽车领域中追求的是不仅可加热,而且还具有低总太阳能透射率(TTS)、低外侧反射率和中性或蓝色反射颜色的防晒涂层。尤其是黄色、红色和紫色的反射颜色被认为是干扰性的并应该避免。运载工具玻璃的良好防晒性能也有助于降低空调设备的能耗,因此从环境角度来看也是所追求的。在电动汽车中,二次系统例如空调设备和供暖器的能耗降低意味着续航里程的增加。在电动运载工具中,通常使用直流电压转换器(也称为DC/DC转换器),它将14 V的车载电压提高到 42 V的电源电压,通过该电源电压使可加热挡风玻璃板运行。为了用于具有内燃机的机动车所开发的可加热防晒涂层通常被设计到14 V的电源电压,且与14 V/42 V直流电压转换器的工作范围不兼容。在这方面,为了降低总太阳能透射率(TTS),仅仅增加被设计用于使用14 V电源电压的已知可加热防晒涂层的层厚度是不能成功的。低的总太阳能透射率(TTS)通常伴随着涂层的高外部反射率,但实际上这两个变量的尽可能小的绝对值是所希望的。此外,对于挡风玻璃板遵循根据ECE-R 43,附录3,第9.1节规定的机动车玻璃板透光率测试方法的法律规定,根据该规定总透射率TL必须为至少70%。由此使低的总太阳能透射率变得更加困难。如果防晒涂层应当用作汽车领域的可加热涂层、具有视觉上吸引人的反射颜色并同时与电动汽车中常用的直流电压转换器兼容,则对其光学和电性能提出高要求。
WO2019/206493A1公开了用于平视显示器的复合玻璃板、在该复合玻璃板的外玻璃板或内玻璃板的面向热塑性中间层的表面之一上的至少一个导电涂层、以及在该内玻璃板的背离热塑性中间层的表面上的抗反射涂层。该导电涂层包括总厚度为至少60 nm的至少四个导电银层,其中在银层之间分别布置介电层。从内玻璃板朝外玻璃板的方向观察,内玻璃板之后的第三银层是厚度最大的银层。
WO2020/094422 A1涉及用于平视显示器(HUD)的投影装置,其至少包括具有HUD区域的复合玻璃板、在外玻璃板或内玻璃板的面向热塑性中间层的表面上的导电涂层、和投影器。导电涂层包括至少四个导电层,它们分别布置在两个介电层之间,其中所有导电层的厚度总和为最多30 nm,并且其中这些导电层中的至少一个具有最多5 nm的厚度。
WO 2020/094423A1中描述了用于平视显示器(HUD)的投影装置,其包括具有导电涂层的复合玻璃板以及投影器,其中导电涂层包括至少三个导电层,其中所有导电层的厚度总和为最多30 nm,并且其中导电层具有5 nm至10 nm的厚度。
本发明的目的是提供进一步改进的具有防晒功能的复合玻璃板,其中复合玻璃板的电、能量和光学性能应进一步改进。
根据本发明,该目的通过根据独立权利要求1的复合玻璃板实现。本发明的有利实施方式由从属权利要求得出。
根据本发明的复合玻璃板包括具有外侧表面(侧I)和内部空间侧的表面(侧II)的外玻璃板、具有外侧表面(侧III)和内部空间侧的表面(侧IV)的内玻璃板以及将外玻璃板的内部空间侧的表面与内玻璃板的外侧表面接合的热塑性中间层,其中复合玻璃板在外玻璃板和内玻璃板之间具有至少一个防晒涂层,该防晒涂层基本上反射或吸收太阳辐射的可见光谱之外的射线,特别是红外射线,其中防晒涂层从内玻璃板开始的方向朝外玻璃板的方向来看包括以下层序列
- 第一介电模块(M1),
- 第一银层(Ag1),
- 第二介电模块(M2),
- 第二银层(Ag2),
- 第三介电模块(M3),
- 第三银层(Ag3),
- 第四介电模块(M4)。
根据本发明的防晒涂层的银层(Ag1、Ag2、Ag3)在此彼此之间具有Ag2>Ag1>Ag3的相对层厚度。因此,第二银层Ag2是厚度最大的银层,接着是第一银层Ag1,其厚度在第二银层的厚度和第三银层的厚度之间,并且第三银层Ag3 作为层厚度最小的银层。第一银层Ag1和第三银层Ag3彼此之间具有1.0<Ag1/Ag3的相对层厚度,而第二银层Ag2和第三银层彼此之间具有1.2<Ag2/Ag3<2的相对层厚度。这已被证明在进一步改进复合玻璃板的光学和电性能方面是特别有利的,特别是在涂层在不同反射角下的视觉上吸引人的蓝色反射颜色方面。
防晒涂层的根据本发明的层序列的结构从内玻璃板开始的方向观察。这意味着第四介电模块是防晒涂层的最靠近外玻璃板的内部空间侧的表面(侧II)的层,并且第一介电模块是防晒涂层的最靠近内玻璃板的外侧表面(侧III)的层。在最靠近内玻璃板的外侧表面(侧III)的第一介电模块(M1)上,从内玻璃板开始朝外玻璃板的方向按顺序接着是第一银层(Ag1)、第二介电模块(M2)、第二银层(Ag2)、第三介电模块(M3)、第三银层(Ag3)和第四介电模块(M4)。因此,第四介电模块是防晒涂层的最远离内玻璃板的外侧表面(侧III)且最靠近外玻璃板的内部空间侧的表面(侧II)的层。银层在此分别布置在介电模块,即介电层或层序列之间。防晒涂层在此布置在外玻璃板的内部空间侧的表面(侧II)和内玻璃板的外侧表面(侧III)之间,并且可以例如施加在玻璃板表面之一上或集成在热塑性中间层中。
换句话说,根据本发明设置,防晒涂层的第二银层(Ag2)的层厚度大于位于其上方和下方的两个其它银层Ag1和Ag3的各自层厚度。第一银层Ag1在防晒涂层的层序列中布置在第二银层Ag2下方并且因此布置得更远离外玻璃板,而第三银层Ag3在层序列中布置在第二银层Ag2上方并且因此布置得更靠近外玻璃板。第一银层Ag1的厚度此外大于第三银层Ag3的厚度。
令人惊讶地已经表明,与迄今已知的具有防晒涂层的复合玻璃板相比,根据本发明的复合玻璃板具有明显改进的电、光学和美学性能,并在此同时具有良好的能量性能,特别是在复合玻璃板的反射中不希望的色调可以最小化或甚至完全避免。此外,实现最多非常低的依赖于角度的反射颜色变化。此外,根据本发明的复合玻璃板与14V/42直流电压转换器兼容,并且在需要时可以使用42 V的电源电压进行加热。
复合玻璃板包括通过热塑性中间层相互接合的外玻璃板和内玻璃板。复合玻璃板被设置用于在窗户开口中,特别是运载工具窗户开口中将内部空间与外部环境分开。在本发明的意义上,内玻璃板表示复合玻璃板的面向内部空间(尤其是运载工具内部空间)的玻璃板。外玻璃板表示面向外部环境的玻璃板。
复合玻璃板具有上边缘和下边缘以及在其间延伸的两个侧边缘。上边缘表示被设置用于在安装位置中指向上方的边缘。下边缘表示被设置用于在安装位置中指向下方的边缘。在挡风玻璃板的情况下,上边缘通常也被称为顶边缘且下边缘被称为发动机边缘。
外玻璃板和内玻璃板分别具有外侧表面和内部空间侧的表面以及在它们之间延伸的环绕侧边缘。在本发明的意义上,外侧表面表示被设置用于在安装位置中面向外部环境的主表面。在本发明的意义上,内部空间侧的表面表示被设置用于在安装位置中面向内部空间的主表面。外玻璃板的内部空间侧的表面和内玻璃板的外侧表面彼此面对并且通过热塑性中间层彼此接合。
根据本发明的复合玻璃板的防晒涂层优选施加在两个玻璃板的面向中间层的表面之一上,即外玻璃板的内部空间侧的表面或内玻璃板的外侧表面上。替代地,防晒涂层也可以布置在热塑性中间层内,例如施加到布置在两个热塑性接合膜之间的载体膜上。防晒涂层此外适合作为红外反射涂层。特别地,除了环绕边缘区域和任选局部区域(其作为通信、传感器或摄像机窗口应确保电磁辐射透过复合玻璃板的透射和因此不配备涂层)外,该涂层施加在玻璃板表面的整面上。例如,未涂覆的环绕边缘区域具有最多20 cm的宽度。它防止涂层与周围大气直接接触,从而保护复合玻璃板内部的涂层免受腐蚀和损坏。
在一个优选实施方案中,复合玻璃板是挡风玻璃板并且防晒涂层被制造为透明涂层。透明涂层应理解为是指在可见光谱范围内具有至少70%,优选至少72.5%的平均透射率的涂层,其不会明显限制透过玻璃板的透视。如果玻璃板的附加组件限制透射率,则在可见光范围内至少72.5%的透射率是特别有利的。该涂层适用于通过优选42 V的电源电压加热,但也可以在无需用于加热的相应电接头的情况下用作纯防晒涂层。根据客户的需求,也可以在这种复合玻璃板(其防晒涂层没有用于与电压源接触的电接头)中配备其它加热装置,例如附加的加热丝。它们进一步限制了透过玻璃板的透射率,以使得所用的涂层必须具有至少 72.5% 的透射率。令人惊讶的是,尽管光学、能量和电学要求施加了多种限制,根据本发明的复合玻璃板仍满足该标准。
优选地,玻璃板表面的至少80%配备有根据本发明的涂层。
如果第一层布置在第二层上方,则这在本发明的意义上意味着第一层布置得比第二层更进一步朝着外玻璃板的方向。如果第一层布置在第二层下方,这在本发明的意义上意味着第二层布置得比第一层更进一步朝着内玻璃板的方向。
如果基于材料形成层,则该层主要由该材料构成,特别是除了可能的杂质或掺杂物之外基本上由该材料构成。
防晒涂层是层堆叠体或层序列,特别是由包括多个银层的薄层形成,其中每个银层分别布置在两个介电层或层序列之间。这些介电层或层序列被称为介电模块。介电模块因此被理解为可由单个层,即单个介电层,或由多层的介电层形成的介电层。因此,涂层是具有n个银层和(n+1)个介电层或层序列的薄层堆叠体,其中n是自然数,并且其中在下部介电层或层序列上分别交替地接着银层和介电层或层序列。
防晒涂层是薄层堆叠体,即薄单层的层序列,并且优选包括至少四个介电模块(M1、M2、M3和M4),即至少四个介电层。每个功能银层布置在两个介电层或层序列之间。功能层或层序列和介电层在此这样布置,以使得在各两个相邻功能银层(在它们之间不布置另外的功能银层)之间布置至少一个介电层,并且在最上面的功能层上方布置至少一个其它介电层,并且在最下方的功能层下方布置至少一个其它介电层。
根据本发明的防晒涂层具有至少三个银层。因此,所述自然数n为至少3。涂层至少包括以下层或层序列,它们从内玻璃板开始到外玻璃板以所示顺序布置:
- 作为模块M1的第一介电层或层序列,
- 第一银层Ag1,
- 作为模块M2的第二介电层或层序列,
- 第二银层Ag2,
- 作为模块M3的第三介电层或层序列,
- 第三银层Ag3和
- 作为模块M4的第四介电层或层序列。
根据本发明的涂层可以包括布置在第四介电模块M4上方(n>3)的其它银层和介电模块。然而,在一个特别优选的实施方式中,所述自然数n恰好为3。因此,防晒涂层优选包含恰好三个银层,即不少于三个且也不超过三个银层。原则上,不需要更复杂的层结构,以实现所需的涂层规格。此外,更复杂的层结构的沉积更昂贵。 在这方面,本发明的一大优点是用仅三个银层实现涂层的所需性能。然而,除了银层之外,还可以存在其它含金属层,它们对涂层的防晒性能没有明显贡献,而是满足另外目的。这尤其适用于几何厚度小于1 nm的金属阻挡层,其优选布置在银层和介电模块之间。
银层赋予防晒涂层基本的IR反射效果以及加热玻璃板所需的导电性。在此,术语银层是基于银构造的层的描述。银层基于银构造。银层优选含有至少90重量%的银,特别优选至少99重量%的银,非常特别优选至少99.9重量%的银。银层可以具有掺杂物,例如钯、金、铜或铝。
第一介电模块M1、第二介电模块M2、第三介电模块M3和第四介电模块M4优选彼此之间具有M2/M1≥1.9、M2/M3>0.8且M2/M4≥2的相对光学层厚度。具有该防晒涂层实施方案的复合玻璃板显示出进一步改进的光学和美学性能以及在可见光范围内的更高透射率TL。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所有介电层具有大于1.8,优选大于1.9的折射率。换言之,介电模块的所有介电层或层序列仅由折射率大于1.8的介电层构造。由此实现了良好的结果。介电层可以例如基于氮化硅(Si3N4)、硅-金属混合氮化物(例如氮化硅锆(SiZrN)、硅-铝混合氮化物、硅-铪混合氮化物或硅-钛混合氮化物)、氮化铝(AlN)、氧化锡(SnO)、氧化锰(MnO)、氧化钨(WO3 )、氧化铌(Nb2O5)、氧化铋(Bi2O5)、二氧化钛(TiO2)、氧化锌(ZnO)或锡-锌混合氧化物(SnZnO)构造。
在本发明的上下文中,通常基于550 nm的波长给出折射率。光学厚度是几何厚度和折射率(在550 nm下)的乘积。层序列的光学厚度被计算为各单层的光学厚度之和。例如,可以通过椭圆光度法测定折射率。椭圆光度仪是可商购的,例如从Sentech公司。介电层的折射率优选通过首先将其作为单层沉积在基底上并随后通过椭圆光度法测量折射率来测定。为了测定介电层序列的折射率,层序列的层分别单独地作为单层沉积在基底上,并随后通过椭圆光度法测定折射率。在一个优选实施方案中,对于这些单层中的每个可以实现至少1.8的折射率。具有至少1.8的折射率的介电层及其沉积是薄层领域的技术人员已知的。优选使用物理气相沉积方法,特别是磁控溅射。
本说明书中提及的材料可以化学计量、亚化学计量或过化学计量地沉积。材料可以具有掺杂物,特别是铝、硼、锆或钛。通过掺杂物,可以对本身介电的材料提供一定的电导率。然而,本领域技术人员在功能方面将它们看作介电层,如薄层领域中常见那样。介电层的材料优选具有小于10-4 S/m的电导率(比电阻的倒数)。银层的材料优选具有大于104 S/m的电导率。
第一介电模块、第二介电模块、第三介电模块和/或第四介电模块优选包含用作抗反射层的介电层。在一个有利的实施方式中,每个介电模块包含介电层作为抗反射层。该抗反射层减少可见光的反射,因此增加经涂覆的玻璃板的透明度。该抗反射层例如基于氮化硅(Si3N4 )、硅-金属混合氮化物如氮化硅锆(SiZrN)、氮化铝(AlN)或氧化锡(SnO)构造。抗反射层也可以具有掺杂物。该抗反射层优选具有5 nm至100 nm,特别优选6 nm至60 nm的几何厚度。氮化硅特别优选作为抗反射层,因为它与氧化物相比具有更高的折射率,由此需要相对较低的氮化硅层厚度。此外,实现了涂层的良好颜色性能。
在一个有利的实施方式中,一个或多个介电模块,优选至少每个布置在银层下方的介电模块具有第一适配层。第一适配层优选布置在抗反射层上方。第一适配层优选直接布置在第一银层下方,以使得其与各自的银层直接接触。这在银层的结晶度方面是特别有利的。在一个有利的实施方式中,一个或多个介电模块,优选每个布置在银层上方的介电模块具有第二适配层。第二适配层优选布置在抗反射层下方。
第一适配层和/或第二适配层优选包含氧化锌ZnO。第一适配层和/或第二适配层还优选包含掺杂物。第一适配层和/或第二适配层可以包含例如铝掺杂的氧化锌(ZnO:Al)。氧化锌优选在氧方面以亚化学计量方式沉积,以避免过量氧与含银层反应。第一适配层和第二适配层的几何层厚度优选为5 nm至20 nm,特别优选8 nm至20 nm。由于其良好的平滑性能,氧化锌已被证明是适配层的优选材料,其中可以实现相邻银层的有利的高电导率。
在一个有利的实施方式中,一个或多个介电模块,优选每个布置在两个银层之间的介电模块,特别优选此外最下方的第一介电模块具有至少一个介电层作为平滑层。所述至少一个平滑层布置在第一适配层下方,优选在抗反射层和第一适配层之间,如果存在这样的第一适配层的话。平滑层特别优选与第一适配层直接接触。平滑层带来优化,特别是为随后在上方施加的银层使表面平滑。沉积在较平滑表面上的银层具有较高的透射率,同时具有较低的面电阻。平滑层的几何层厚度优选为5 nm至20 nm,特别优选7 nm至12 nm。平滑层优选具有小于2.2的折射率。
平滑层优选包含至少一种非晶氧化物。该氧化物可以是无定形或部分无定形(因此部分结晶)的,但不是完全结晶的。非晶平滑层具有低粗糙度并因此对于施加在平滑层上方的层形成有利的平滑表面。非晶平滑层还带来直接沉积在平滑层上方的层(其优选是第一适配层)的改进的表面结构。平滑层可包含例如元素锡、硅、钛、锆、铪、锌、镓和铟中的一种或多种的至少一种氧化物。平滑层特别优选包含非晶混合氧化物。平滑层非常特别优选包含锡-锌混合氧化物(ZnSnO)。混合氧化物可以具有掺杂物。平滑层可以包含例如锑掺杂的锡-锌混合氧化物。混合氧化物优选具有亚化学计量的氧含量。锡含量在此优选为10至40重量%,特别优选12至35重量%。
在一个有利的实施方式中,防晒涂层包括一个或多个阻挡层。优选地,至少一个,特别优选每个银层分配有至少一个阻挡层。阻挡层与银层直接接触,并且直接布置在银层上方或直接布置在银层下方。因此,在银层和相关阻挡层之间没有布置其它层。也可以直接在银层上方和直接在银层下方布置各一个阻挡层。阻挡层优选包含铌、钛、镍、铬和/或其合金,特别优选镍-铬合金。阻挡层的几何层厚度优选为0.1 nm 至 1.5 nm,特别优选0.1 nm至1.0 nm。直接在银层下方的阻挡层特别用于在温度处理过程中稳定银层并改进防晒涂层的光学品质。直接在银层上方的阻挡层防止敏感的银层在通过反应性阴极溅射沉积后续层,例如第二适配层的过程中与氧化反应性气氛接触。
如果基于材料形成层,则该层除了可能的杂质或掺杂物之外主要由该材料构成。如果第一层布置在第二层上方,则这在本发明的意义上意味着第一层布置得比第二层更远离其上施加有涂层的基底。如果第一层布置在第二层下方,则这在本发明的意义上意味着第二层布置得比第一层更远离基底。如果第一层布置在第二层上方或下方,则这在本发明的意义上并不一定意味着第一和第二层彼此直接接触。一个或多个其它层可以布置在第一和第二层之间,除非这被明确排除。
在一个有利的实施方式中,分别在两个相邻的银层之间布置介电模块,其包括以下介电层序列:
- 基于氮化硅、硅-金属-混合氮化物例如氮化硅锆、氮化铝和/或氧化锡的抗反射层,
- 基于元素锡、硅、钛、锆、铪、锌、镓和铟中的一种或多种的氧化物的平滑层,
- 基于氧化锌的第一和第二适配层,和
- 任选的基于铌、钛、镍、铬和/或其合金的阻挡层。在此不以特定的层顺序为前提。在最下方的银层下方和最上方的银层上方优选布置基于上述优选材料的抗反射层和适配层。在包括三个银层的一个优选实施方案中,最下方的银层对应于第一银层,并且最上方的银层对应于第三银层。
介电模块优选分别具有10 nm至100 nm,特别优选20 nm至90 nm,例如70 nm至85nm的几何厚度。由介电模块的几何厚度乘以各自层的折射率得出介电模块的光学厚度。介电模块的光学厚度为20 nm至240 nm,优选40 nm至200 nm。
防晒涂层的每个功能银层的几何厚度优选为5 nm至25 nm。防晒涂层的所有功能银层的总几何层厚度优选为20 nm至75 nm,特别优选25 nm至60 nm。在功能层的厚度和所有功能银层的总厚度的这些范围内,在防晒功能和透明度方面获得特别好的结果。
第一银层(Ag1)优选具有7 nm至14 nm的几何厚度,第二银层(Ag2)优选具有7 nm至16 nm的几何厚度并且第三银层(Ag3)具有6 nm至13 nm的几何厚度。在这些范围内的层厚度已被证明是有利的,以实现防晒涂层的1.0 Ω/方至 1.5 Ω/方的薄膜电阻,其特别适用于通过42 V的电源电压使用该涂层。
根据本发明的防晒涂层具有红外反射性能,因此其用作防晒涂层,其通过反射热辐射来降低运载工具内部空间的升温。配备有该涂层的复合玻璃板的TTS值在此优选小于50%,特别优选小于45%。TTS值表示根据ISO 13837测量的总透射太阳能 - 它是热舒适性的量度。如果涂层被电接触,则该涂层也可以用作加热涂层,以使得电流流过它,该电流加热涂层。
外玻璃板和内玻璃板优选由玻璃,特别是钠钙玻璃制成,这对于窗户玻璃板而言是常见的。然而,原则上,玻璃板也可以由其它类型的玻璃(例如硼硅酸盐玻璃、石英玻璃、铝硅酸盐玻璃)或透明塑料(例如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或聚碳酸酯)制成。外玻璃板和内玻璃板的厚度可以宽范围地变化。优选使用厚度为0.8 mm至5 mm,优选1.4 mm至2.9 mm的玻璃板,例如具有1.6 mm或2.1 mm的标准厚度的玻璃板。
外玻璃板、内玻璃板和热塑性中间层可以是清澈且无色的,但也可以是着色或染色的。外玻璃板、内玻璃板和热塑性中间层的色调根据复合玻璃板的所需应用来选择。如果复合玻璃板用作挡风玻璃板,则希望的是在光谱的可见光范围内的高透射率并且无需组件的深色色调。基于光类型A,在作为机动车的挡风玻璃板的一个实施方式中,透过复合玻璃板的总透射率为大于70%。术语总透射率基于ECE-R 43,附件3,第9.1节规定的用于测试机动车玻璃板透光率的方法。外玻璃板和内玻璃板可以彼此独立地是未预加应力、部分预加应力或预加应力的。如果玻璃板中的至少一个具有预应力,则这可以是热或化学预应力。
合适的玻璃板包括以商品名Planiclear和Planilux(各自为清澈玻璃)、VG10、VG20、VG40或TSANx、TSA3+、TSA4+由Saint-Gobain已知的玻璃板,其中VG系列的玻璃是灰色染色的玻璃,且TSA系列的玻璃是绿色染色的玻璃。
在一个优选的实施方案中,复合玻璃板被设置为机动车的挡风玻璃板,其中至少热塑性中间层、内玻璃板和外玻璃板是清澈的。
复合玻璃板优选在空间的一个或多个方向上弯曲,如对于机动车玻璃板常见的那样,其中典型的曲率半径为约10 cm至约40 m。复合玻璃板也可以是平坦的,例如如果它被设置为用于公共汽车、火车或拖拉机的玻璃板。
外玻璃板的内部空间侧的表面和内玻璃板的外侧表面彼此面对并且通过热塑性中间层相互接合。热塑性中间层由一个或多个热塑性膜构造,其中在所得复合玻璃板中,所得中间层中的各个膜任选不再可彼此区分。热塑性膜优选含有聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、聚氨酯(PU)和/或其混合物和/或其共聚物,特别优选聚乙烯醇缩丁醛。所述膜优选基于所提及的材料构造,但可包含其它成分,例如增塑剂、着色剂、IR或UV吸收剂。
热塑性中间层包含至少一种热塑性聚合物,优选乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)或聚氨酯(PU)或其混合物或共聚物或衍生物,特别优选PVB。中间层的厚度优选为0.2 mm至2 mm,特别优选0.3 mm至1 mm。中间层的各个聚合物膜,特别是PVB膜优选具有约0.2 mm至1 mm,例如0.38 mm、0.76 mm或0.81 mm的厚度。复合玻璃板的其它性能可通过膜的厚度来影响。例如,略微较厚 PVB膜可实现改进的隔音(尤其是当它们包含声学活性芯时)、增加的复合玻璃板防盗性能,以及增加的对紫外辐射的防护(UV防护)。
根据本发明,防晒涂层布置在外玻璃板和内玻璃板之间。在一个优选实施方式中,防晒涂层施加在外玻璃板的内部空间侧的表面(侧II)上。防晒涂层以此方式在复合玻璃板的层压件中被保护免受天气影响。将防晒涂层定位在尽可能远的外侧,即尽可能靠近外玻璃板的外侧对于特别好的防晒效果而言是有利的。这通过使用清澈的未着外玻璃板而进一步优化。
在另一个可能的实施方式中,将防晒涂层嵌入到热塑性中间层中。防晒涂层可施加在热塑性膜上。在一个优选的实施方式中,将防晒涂层施加在载体膜上,该载体膜在复合玻璃板的制造中例如布置在用于构造中间层的两个热塑性膜之间。将防晒涂层集成在载体膜上对于简单地预制和为载体膜提供防晒涂层而言是有利的。热塑性中间层的位于防晒涂层和外玻璃板之间的膜在此优选是清澈的并且未着色。复合玻璃板的热塑性中间层包含载体膜,该载体膜在上方,即在面向外玻璃板的表面上具有防晒涂层。载体膜优选包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)或由其组成,并且具有20 μm至100 μm,例如约50 μm的厚度。然而,载体膜也可以由其它合适的塑料制成。
在另一个优选实施方式中,将防晒涂层施加在内玻璃板的外侧表面III上。在这种情况下,外玻璃板和热塑性中间层优选是清澈的并且未着色。根据不透明覆盖印刷物在边缘区域中的位置,该实施方案是有利的,并且在此在可用于覆盖印刷物的印刷油墨方面实现更大灵活性。
如果防晒涂层被设置为加热涂层,则它以本身已知的方式与外部电压源电连接,其中通过施加电压而加热该涂层。电接触通过合适的连接电缆,例如膜导体实现,该连接电缆优选通过所谓的汇流排(母线),例如导电材料的条带或导电印刷物而与防晒涂层连接。
至少两个汇流排优选地安置在防晒涂层上并且以导电方式与其连接。所述至少两个汇流排优选沿着复合玻璃板的彼此相对的边缘安置并且可以导电方式与电压源的相反极连接以加热该玻璃板。所述汇流排之间的涂层区域在此可电加热。在本发明的一个可能的实施方案中,施加三个汇流排,其中各一个汇流排平行于水平边缘延伸,且第三汇流排从顶边缘开始朝玻璃板中心的方向突出。第一汇流排在此位于顶边缘附近,而第二汇流排与发动机边缘相邻,并且两个汇流排平行于这些水平侧边缘延伸。在一个特别优选的实施方案中,一个或多个汇流排在其成型方面与用于安置传感器的传感器窗口的可能的去涂层区域适配。汇流排具有5μm至20μm,优选8μm至15μm的厚度。汇流排具有0.5 mm至30 mm,优选1mm至20 mm的宽度。
在另一个优选实施方案中,防晒涂层不被设置用于与电压源连接。任选地,在此设置用于加热玻璃板的例如加热丝形式的其它装置,其安置在内玻璃板的外侧表面(侧III)和外玻璃板的内部空间侧的表面(侧II)之间。加热丝优选嵌入在热塑性中间层中。加热丝可以在此任选是电绝缘的。这实现丝和涂层之间的接触,同时避免短路。配备有加热丝的热塑性中间层的复合膜因此可以以丝指向涂层的方向安置。如果丝不是绝缘的,则加热丝应位于复合膜的背离涂层的那侧。丝的绝缘例如通过含聚合物的包覆物实现,该包覆物特别优选包含聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚四氟乙烯、聚酯、聚碳酸酯、橡胶、硅酮橡胶、聚酰胺、聚氨酯和/或它们的混合物和/或共聚物。
相邻加热丝的最小距离为2 mm,而相邻加热丝的最大距离为35 mm。
加热丝包含钨、铜、镍、锰、铝、银、铬和/或铁和/或它们的混合物和/或合金,优选钨或铜,特别优选钨。
加热丝具有5 µm至160 µm的厚度,其中该厚度尤其取决于丝的所用材料。钨丝优选使用10μm至80μm的厚度,而铜线优选具有60μm至150μm的厚度。
加热丝在它们的端部通过多个电导体,优选两个电导体接触。根据加热丝的走向,例如蜿蜒形或之字形,也可以选择其它接触形式。在连续蜿蜒形丝的情况下,例如只需要点状地向丝的两端施加电压。
复合玻璃板优选具有RE>30%的外部能量反射率。能量值RE根据ISO 9050标准计算。
在玻璃板的边缘区域中,优选施加例如丝网印刷物形式的不透明覆盖层,以使得该丝网印刷物限定玻璃板的视野或形成其外边缘。可能布置在玻璃板的边缘区域中的汇流排和电导体以及任选设置的无涂层的边缘区域优选被该覆盖印刷物遮盖并且因此在视觉上被掩盖。不透明丝网印刷物可以安置在复合玻璃板的任意平面上。
本发明还包括制造根据本发明的具有防晒涂层的复合玻璃板的方法,其包括以下方法步骤。
a) 将防晒涂层施加到外玻璃板的内侧表面II或内玻璃板的外侧表面III上,或将防晒涂层引入到热塑性中间层中,
b) 制造依据顺序至少包括外玻璃板、热塑性中间层和内玻璃板的层堆叠体,以及
c) 将至少外玻璃板、热塑性中间层和内玻璃板的层堆叠体接合成复合玻璃板。
外玻璃板和内玻璃板接合成复合玻璃优选在已施加防晒涂层之后进行。
防晒涂层可以承受高热负荷,因此它也承受住通常超过600℃的温度下玻璃板的温度处理或弯曲而不会损坏。
防晒涂层的各个层可以通过本身已知的方法,优选通过磁场辅助阴极溅射来沉积,并以合适的层厚度和层序列构建。阴极溅射可以在例如由氩气制成的保护气体气氛中进行,或在例如通过添加氧气或氮气的反应性气体气氛中进行。然而,各个层也可以通过本领域技术人员已知的其它合适的方法,例如蒸镀或化学气相沉积来施加。
热塑性中间层可以以热塑性膜的形式提供。然而,热塑性中间层的形式也可以是多个膜,例如两个或更多个热塑性膜,任选附加的载体膜。将防晒涂层施加到热塑性中间层上在此仅包括将防晒涂层施加到膜之一,例如载体膜上。具有其上布置的防晒涂层的载体膜在将玻璃板接合成复合玻璃时优选布置在两个热塑性膜之间,其中防晒涂层的那面面向外玻璃板。
导电层通过汇流排或其它合适电导体的电接触在复合玻璃板的层压之前进行。
可能存在的印刷物,例如不透明覆盖印刷物或印刷的用于防晒涂层电接触的汇流排优选在丝网印刷法中施加。
外玻璃板和内玻璃板通过热塑性中间层接合成复合玻璃板优选通过在热、真空和/或压力作用下的层压进行。可以使用本身已知的制造复合玻璃板的方法。在层压过程中,经加热的、可流动的热塑性材料围绕防晒涂层流动,从而形成稳定的复合体,并将防晒涂层包封在中间层中,并保护其免受损坏和环境影响。
例如,所谓的高压釜法可以在约10巴至15巴的高压和130℃至145℃的温度下进行约2小时。本身已知的真空袋或真空环法例如在约200毫巴和80℃至110℃下操作。外玻璃板、热塑性中间层和内玻璃板也可以在压延机中在至少一个辊对之间被压制成玻璃板。这种类型的设备被已知用于制造玻璃板,并且通常在压机前具有至少一个加热通道。压制过程中的温度为例如40℃至150℃。实践证明,压延法和高压釜法的组合特别有用。替代地,可以使用真空层压机。它们由一个或多个可加热且可抽真空的室组成,在所述室中在0.01毫巴至800毫巴的减压和80℃至170℃的温度下在例如约60分钟内层压这些玻璃板。
本发明进一步包括根据本发明的具有防晒涂层的复合玻璃板在用于水陆空交通运输工具中,特别是在机动车中,例如作为挡风玻璃板、后玻璃板、侧玻璃板和/或顶玻璃板,以及作为功能性单件,以及在建筑物中的用途。
提及的所有标准均基于申请日有效的版本。
本发明的各种实施方式可以单独或以任意组合实现。特别地,在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下,上面提到的和下面将要解释的特征不仅可以所示的组合使用,而且还可以其它组合或单独使用。除非实施例和/或其特征被明确提及仅作为替代方案或彼此排斥。
下面参考附图更详细地说明本发明。在此应注意的是,描述了分别可以单独或组合使用的不同方面。即各个方面都可以与本发明的不同实施方案一起使用,除非被明确说明为纯替代方案。
附图是简化的示意图并且不按比例绘制。附图不以任何方式限制本发明。
其中:
图1示出了根据本发明的具有防晒涂层的复合玻璃板的第一实施方式的截面,
图2示出了根据本发明的具有防晒涂层的复合玻璃板的另一个实施方式的截面,
图3示出了根据本发明的具有防晒涂层的复合玻璃板的另一个实施方式的截面,
图4示出了施加到复合玻璃板的内玻璃板上的根据本发明的防晒涂层的结构的示意图,且
图5示出了根据本发明的方法的实施方案的流程图。
图1示出了根据本发明的具有防晒涂层4的复合玻璃板100的一个实施方式的截面。复合玻璃板100包括外玻璃板1和内玻璃板2,它们通过热塑性中间层 3 相互接合。复合玻璃板100例如可以被设置为载人机动车的挡风玻璃板,其中外玻璃板1面向外部环境且内玻璃板2面向运载工具内部空间。外玻璃板1具有外表面(I)和内表面(II)。内玻璃板2具有外表面(III)和内表面(IV)。外表面(I)和(III)面向外部环境,内表面(II)和(IV)面向运载工具内部空间。外玻璃板1的内表面(II)和内玻璃板2的外表面(III)彼此面对。在该实施方案中,根据本发明的防晒涂层4布置在外玻璃板1的内表面(II)上。防晒涂层4在整个内表面(II)上延伸,优选减去例如宽度为8 mm的环绕框架形无涂层区域。然后可以通过用热塑性中间层3胶粘来气密性地密封该无涂层区域。由此有利地保护防晒涂层4免受损坏和腐蚀。根据本发明,防晒涂层4包括至少三个功能银层,它们各自具有5 nm至20 nm的几何层厚度,其中每个功能银层布置在介电模块,例如由氮化硅制成的层之间。根据本发明的防晒涂层的银层(Ag1、Ag2、Ag3)在此彼此之间具有1.0<Ag1/Ag3且1.2<Ag2/Ag3<2的相对层厚度,其中适用的是Ag2>Ag1>Ag3。介电模块(M1、M2、M3、M4)彼此之间具有M2/M1≥1.9、M2/M3≥0.8且M2/M4≥2的相对光学层厚度。下面参照图4和在那里解释的实施例和对比例更详细地描述防晒涂层4的根据本发明的结构。由于红外辐射的反射,防晒涂层4导致运载工具内部空间和内玻璃板2的升温减少。可以实现RE>30%的能量反射率、TTS < 45%的 总太阳能透射率和TL > 72.5%的透光率。此外,通过根据本发明的防晒涂层4,除了改进的良好热舒适性之外,还同时实现了复合玻璃板100的良好光学和美学性能。防晒涂层4的薄膜电阻为1.0Ω/方至1.5 Ω/方,由此使得该涂层与14V/42V直流电压转换器具有良好的兼容性。
图2示出了根据本发明的具有防晒涂层4的复合玻璃板100的另一个实施方式的截面。与图1不同,防晒涂层4不布置在外玻璃板1的内表面(II)上,而是在中间层3中的载体膜5上。载体膜5包含或优选由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)组成,并且具有例如50 μm的厚度。根据本发明的防晒层4包括关于图4更详细解释的层结构。具有防晒涂层4的载体膜5布置在第一热塑性膜3a和第二热塑性膜3b之间。热塑性膜3a和3b以及载体层5在所得复合玻璃板中形成热塑性中间层3。热塑性膜3a和3b包含PVB或优选由PVB组成,并且具有例如0.38 mm的层厚度。载体膜5具有比外玻璃板1、内玻璃板2和热塑性膜3a和3b略小的尺寸。载体膜5以这样的方式布置在复合体中,以使得载体膜5不延伸到复合玻璃的侧边缘。载体膜5由此在复合玻璃板的例如具有约8 mm宽度的边缘区域中被热塑性膜3a和3b环绕包围。载体膜5上的防晒涂层4因此被有利地保护免受损坏,尤其是免受腐蚀。
图3示出了根据本发明的具有防晒涂层4的复合玻璃板100的另一个实施方式的截面。与图1不同,防晒涂层4不布置在外玻璃板1的内表面(II)上,而是在内玻璃板2的外表面(III)上,其中外表面(III)的环绕边缘区域不配备防晒涂层4。在该实施方式中,也有利地保护防晒涂层4免受损坏和腐蚀。此外,该实施方案对应于图1所示的实施方式。
图4示出了根据本发明的防晒层4的示意性结构。在所示的实施方式中,防晒涂层4施加在作为基底的内玻璃板2的内侧III上。所示的防晒涂层4包含三个透明功能银层Ag1、Ag2和Ag3,它们特别是红外射线反射层。这些功能银层彼此之间具有特定的相对厚度;特别地设置,Ag2>Ag1>Ag3、1.0<Ag1/Ag3且1.2<Ag2/Ag3<2适用于相对几何层厚度。换句话说,最靠近外玻璃板1布置的第三银层Ag3的层厚度比最靠近内玻璃板2的第一银层Ag1的层厚度更薄,而在层序列中位于第一银层Ag1和第三银层Ag3之间的第二银层Ag2是层厚度最大的银层。例如,银层可以通过在氩气气氛中的阴极溅射来沉积。
在银层Ag1、Ag2和Ag3的上方、下方和之间分别布置包括介电层的介电模块M1、M2、M3和M4。这些介电模块(M1、M2、M3、M4)优选地彼此之间具有M2/M1≥1.9、M2/M3≥0.8且M2/M4≥2的相对光学层厚度。介电模块M1因此直接布置在内玻璃板2的内侧III上且在第一银层Ag1下方,第二介电模块M2布置在第一银层Ag1上方。第一介电模块M1例如可以从内玻璃板2开始作为氮化硅层、ZnSnOx层和ZnO层的层序列构造。氮化硅层在此可以在含氮气的气氛中由氮化硅沉积,氧化锌层在含氧气的气氛中由氧化锌沉积。
防晒涂层4包含至少一个阻挡层,特别优选地,每个功能银层Ag1、Ag2、Ag3如所示与至少一个阻挡层B1、B2和B3直接接触。根据本发明,阻挡层优选包含至少镍、铬或其合金和/或钛铬或由它们组成。阻挡层B (B1、B2、B3)优选布置在至少一个功能银层和至少一个介电层之间。通过阻挡层B,在加热时,特别是在制造根据本发明的复合玻璃板的过程中实现对功能层的保护。
本发明通过以下根据本发明的实施例和非根据本发明的对比例来说明。
实施例
在层压状态下测量根据实施例和对比例的复合玻璃板的所有光学、美学和能量性能。在实施例和对比例中,防晒涂层4施加到根据图4的清澈内玻璃板2 (例如Planiclear)的外侧III上并且根据图3的结构与热塑性中间层3和外玻璃板1层压。在中间层中使用未着色的PVB膜。实施例和对比例具有相同的所述基本结构,但所用的防晒涂层不同。
根据本发明的实施例1至5和非根据本发明的对比例1至3作为具有所示防晒涂层的复合玻璃板(运载工具挡风玻璃板)制造。
对于每个实施例和对比例,示出了防晒涂层的堆叠结构(层和层厚度)以及成品复合玻璃板中涂层的光学性能。
根据本发明的实施例1至5的防晒涂层的层序列和层厚度以及与此相比示出的对比例1至3示于表1中。银层和介电模块的相对层厚度以及光学、电和能量性能的值对于根据本发明的实施例1至5而言以及对于非根据本发明的对比例1至3而言在表2中示出。银层和模块的层的所有层厚度作为几何层厚度给出。作为厚度比Ag2/Ag1、Ag2/Ag3和Ag1/Ag3示出的银层的相对层厚度是指几何层厚度。对于作为厚度比M2/M1、M2/M3和M2/M4示出的介电模块的相对层厚度,使用光学厚度。
含义:
RE 能量反射率[%]
TL 可见光透射率[%]
TTS 总透射热辐射[%]
TE 总透射能量[%]
RL 8° 8°观察角下的可见反射率[%]
RL 60° 60°观察角下的可见反射率[%]
a*、b* CIE(国际照明委员会)颜色空间中的颜色坐标,分别在60°和8°下反射时测量
Δa*、Δb* 在60°和8°下反射时测量的颜色坐标的差值
颜色R* 复合玻璃板的观察者感知到的分别在60°和8°下反射时外部反射颜色的颜色印象
Rsq 防晒涂层的薄膜电阻[Ω/方]
透光率(TL)和反射率(RL)的值基于光类型A,其根据定义依据具有 2856开尔文的普朗克辐射器的相对辐射分布。
表1:根据实施例1至5和对比例1至3的防晒涂层的层结构
表2:根据实施例1至5和对比例1至3的层压件中的厚度比和光学性能
根据本发明,提供了具有根据本发明构造的防晒涂层的复合玻璃板,其可以在能量和电性能、热和视觉舒适性以及同时在美学外观方面得到改进并且与具有防晒涂层的已知复合玻璃板相比进一步优化。可以实现低于45%的总透射热辐射(TTS),从而可以遵循经常提出的相应的客户规定。此外,可以实现TL ≥ 72.5%的透光率,因此复合玻璃板可以用作挡风玻璃板,甚至在与常规的丝加热装置组合时也达到TL ≥ 70%的法律规定。此外,实现了最佳的美学外观而在复合玻璃板的反射中没有不希望的色调。特别地,可以避免复合玻璃板的不希望的红色、黄色、紫色和绿色反射或混浊。可以实现复合玻璃板的基本恒定的、所需的颜色反射,而不依赖于观察角。此外,根据本发明的防晒涂层具有1.0 Ω/方至1.5 Ω/方的薄膜电阻,因此非常适合于使用42 V的电源电压加热。
为了进一步阐明根据本发明的银层厚度组合的优点,在表3中示例性给出了具有各自给出的银层厚度比的银涂层的光学和能量性能。介电模块的厚度和层堆叠体中的层顺序在此在每种情况下相同。
表3:对于银层Ag1、Ag2和Ag3的各种可能厚度比的光学性能TL、TTS、RL 60°和在60°下的外部反射颜色的概述
排列Ag | TL | TTS | RL 60° | a*R 60° | b*R 60° |
Ag1>Ag2>Ag3 | 73.1 | 43.4 | 17.9 | -8.0 | -1.5 |
Ag1>Ag3>Ag2 | 69.3 | 43.3 | 21.3 | -13.6 | 5.7 |
Ag2>Ag1>Ag3 | 74.6 | 42.9 | 17.1 | -1.0 | -3.5 |
Ag2>Ag3>Ag1 | 72.7 | 42.4 | 19.6 | -0.2 | 3.6 |
Ag3>Ag1>Ag2 | 67.6 | 42.7 | 23.9 | -11.8 | 11.8 |
Ag3>Ag2>Ag1 | 69.5 | 42.3 | 23.0 | -5.5 | 11.8 |
Ag1=Ag2=Ag3 (10.7 nm) | 72.0 | 43.2 | 19.6 | -7.7 | 4.4 |
如在表3中可以看出,良好的光学和能量性能以及有吸引力的着色只能通过根据本发明的银层厚度比来实现,其中对于银层厚度而言适用的是Ag2>Ag1>Ag3。具有以下性能的层被归类为可接受:TL ≥ 72.5 %、TTS ≤ 45 %、RL 60° ≤ 17.5 %。此外,颜色坐标应具有尽可能小的绝对值并且特别优选具有负号。从表2可以看出,仅对于Ag2>Ag1>Ag3、1.0> Ag1/Ag3且1.2 < Ag2/Ag3 < 2的根据本发明的厚度组合,在8°的观察角和在60°的观察角下都实现所需的蓝色反射颜色。在该颜色范围内得到蓝色色调,其具有客户方面特别高的接受度。在此,特别有利的是a*R 60°的值为-5.0至0,以及 b*R 60° 的值同样为-8.0至0。
图5借助包括以下步骤的流程图示出了根据本发明的方法的一个实施例。
I 提供外玻璃板1、内玻璃板2和至少一个用于形成热塑性中间层3的热塑性膜;
II 将根据本发明的防晒涂层4施加到外玻璃板1的内表面II上或内玻璃板2的外表面III上,例如通过阴极溅射;
III 任选:将汇流排施加到防晒涂层4上;
IV 将外玻璃板1的内表面II和内玻璃板2的外表面III通过热塑性中间层3接合成复合玻璃板100。
在一个实施方案中,玻璃板用作外玻璃板1和内玻璃板2。在该方法的一个优选实施方案中,具有至少三个功能银层Ag1、Ag2和Ag3以及至少四个介电模块M1、M2、M3和M4的防晒涂层4施加到所述内玻璃板2的外表面III上,优选通过磁场辅助阴极溅射。如果设置通过防晒涂层4加热该玻璃板,则在层压该玻璃之前将汇流排设置在防晒涂层4上,以及安置电连接电缆,其实现涂层的电接触。外玻璃板1和内玻璃板2通过中间层3接合成复合玻璃优选在施加了防晒涂层4之后进行。
附图标记列表
1 外玻璃板
2 内玻璃板
3 热塑性中间层
3a 第一热塑性膜
3b 第二热塑性膜
4 防晒涂层
5 载体膜
I 1的外表面
II 1的内表面
III 2的外表面
IV 2的内表面
Ag1 第一银层
Ag2 第二银层
Ag3 第三银层
M1 第一介电模块
M2 第二介电模块
M3 第三介电模块
M4 第四介电模块
B 阻挡层
B1 第一阻挡层
B2 第二阻挡层
B3 第三阻挡层。
Claims (15)
1.复合玻璃板(100),其包括具有外侧表面(I)和内侧表面(II)的外玻璃板(1)、具有外侧表面(III)和内侧表面(IV)的内玻璃板(2)以及热塑性中间层(3),所述热塑性中间层将外玻璃板(1)的内侧表面(II)与内玻璃板(2)的外侧表面(III)接合,其中复合玻璃板(100)在外玻璃板(1)和内玻璃板(2)之间具有至少一个防晒涂层(4),其中防晒涂层(4)从内玻璃板(2)开始朝外玻璃板(1)的方向包括以下层序列
- 第一介电模块(M1),
- 第一银层(Ag1),
- 第二介电模块(M2),
- 第二银层(Ag2),
- 第三介电模块(M3),
- 第三银层(Ag3),
- 第四介电模块(M4),
其中所述银层(Ag1、Ag2、Ag3)彼此之间具有Ag2>Ag1>Ag3的相对几何层厚度,并且防晒涂层的银层(Ag1、Ag2、Ag3)具有1.0<Ag1/Ag3且1.2<Ag2/Ag3<2的相对几何层厚度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合玻璃板(100),其中介电模块(M1、M2、M3、M4)具有M2/M1≥1.9、M2/M3≥0.8且M2/M4≥2的相对光学层厚度。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的复合玻璃板(100),其中第一介电模块(M1)、第二介电模块(M2)、第三介电模块(M3)和/或第四介电模块(M4)具有至少一个基于氮化硅的介电层。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的复合玻璃板(100),其中第一介电模块(M1)、第二介电模块(M2)、第三介电模块(M3)和/或第四介电模块(M4)包括至少一个基于氮化硅的第一介电层和至少一个基于氧化锌的第二介电层。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的复合玻璃板,其中第一介电模块(M1)、第二介电模块(M2)、第三介电模块(M3)和/或第四介电模块(M4)包括至少一个基于氮化硅的第一介电层、至少一个基于氧化锌的第二介电层和至少一个基于锡-锌混合氧化物的第三介电层。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的复合玻璃板,其中所述防晒涂层(4)在银层(Ag1、Ag2、Ag3)上方和/或下方各自包括至少一个金属阻挡层(B1、B2、B3),所述金属阻挡层具有小于1 nm的几何厚度。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的复合玻璃板,其中第一银层(Ag1)、第二银层(Ag2)和第三银层(Ag3)各自具有5 nm至25 nm的几何厚度。
8.根据权利要求7所述的复合玻璃板,其中第一银层(Ag1)具有7 nm至14 nm的几何厚度,第二银层(Ag2)具有7 nm至16 nm的几何厚度且第三银层(Ag3)具有6 nm至13 nm的几何厚度。
9.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的复合玻璃板,其中第一介电模块(M1)、第二介电模块(M2)、第三介电模块(M3)和第四介电模块(M4)各自具有10 nm至100 nm,优选20 nm至90 nm,特别优选70 nm至85 nm的几何厚度。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的复合玻璃板,其中防晒涂层(4)施加在所述内玻璃板(1)的外侧表面(III)上。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的复合玻璃板,其中防晒涂层(4)具有至少两个汇流排,防晒涂层(4)可以通过所述汇流排与电压源连接。
12.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的复合玻璃板,其中加热丝存在于所述内玻璃板(2)的外侧表面(III)和所述外玻璃板(I)的内侧表面(II)之间。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的复合玻璃板,其中防晒涂层(4)包括恰好三个银层(Ag1、Ag2、Ag3)。
14.制造根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的复合玻璃板(100)的方法,其至少包括以下方法步骤:
a) 将防晒涂层(4)施加到外玻璃板(1)的内侧表面(II)或内玻璃板(2)的外侧表面(III)上,或将防晒涂层(4)引入到热塑性中间层(3)中,
b) 制造依据顺序至少包括外玻璃板(1)、热塑性中间层(3)和内玻璃板(2)的层堆叠体,以及
c) 将至少外玻璃板(1)、热塑性中间层(3)和内玻璃板(2)的层堆叠体接合成复合玻璃板(100)。
15.根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的复合玻璃板(100)在机动车中,优选作为挡风玻璃板、后玻璃板、侧玻璃板和/或顶玻璃板,特别优选作为机动车的挡风玻璃板的用途。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20210321 | 2020-11-27 | ||
EP20210321.4 | 2020-11-27 | ||
PCT/EP2021/082665 WO2022112242A1 (de) | 2020-11-27 | 2021-11-23 | Verbundscheibe mit sonnenschutzbeschichtung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114829137A true CN114829137A (zh) | 2022-07-29 |
Family
ID=73642673
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202180004597.5A Pending CN114829137A (zh) | 2020-11-27 | 2021-11-23 | 具有防晒涂层的复合玻璃板 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230415458A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP4251418A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2023550516A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20230086730A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN114829137A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2022112242A1 (zh) |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6734396B2 (en) | 2001-09-07 | 2004-05-11 | Centre Luxembourgeois De Recherches Pour Le Verre Et La Ceramique S.A. (C.R.V.C.) | Heatable vehicle window with different voltages in different heatable zones |
FR2862961B1 (fr) | 2003-11-28 | 2006-02-17 | Saint Gobain | Substrat transparent utilisable alternativement ou cumulativement pour le controle thermique, le blindage electromagnetique et le vitrage chauffant. |
US7335421B2 (en) | 2005-07-20 | 2008-02-26 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Heatable windshield |
KR101589854B1 (ko) | 2012-01-10 | 2016-01-28 | 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 | 도전성 코팅을 갖는 투명한 창유리 |
ES2626057T3 (es) | 2012-01-10 | 2017-07-21 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Luna transparente con revestimiento con capacidad de conducción eléctrica |
WO2019206493A1 (de) | 2018-04-26 | 2019-10-31 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Verbundscheibe mit elektrisch leitfähiger beschichtung und antireflexionsbeschichtung |
EP3877176B1 (de) | 2018-11-09 | 2024-04-03 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Projektionsanordnung für ein head-up-display (hud) mit p-polarisierter strahlung |
MA54136A (fr) | 2018-11-09 | 2022-02-16 | Saint Gobain | Système de projection pour affichage tête haute (hud) à rayonnement polarisé p |
-
2021
- 2021-11-23 CN CN202180004597.5A patent/CN114829137A/zh active Pending
- 2021-11-23 US US18/248,827 patent/US20230415458A1/en active Pending
- 2021-11-23 KR KR1020237015803A patent/KR20230086730A/ko unknown
- 2021-11-23 JP JP2023531538A patent/JP2023550516A/ja active Pending
- 2021-11-23 EP EP21811386.8A patent/EP4251418A1/de active Pending
- 2021-11-23 WO PCT/EP2021/082665 patent/WO2022112242A1/de active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2023550516A (ja) | 2023-12-01 |
EP4251418A1 (de) | 2023-10-04 |
US20230415458A1 (en) | 2023-12-28 |
WO2022112242A1 (de) | 2022-06-02 |
KR20230086730A (ko) | 2023-06-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR102589372B1 (ko) | p-편광 방사선을 갖는 헤드업 디스플레이(HUD)를 위한 프로젝션 장치 | |
CN111433022B (zh) | 用于利用p偏振辐射的平视显示器(HUD)的投影装置 | |
KR101589854B1 (ko) | 도전성 코팅을 갖는 투명한 창유리 | |
KR101574456B1 (ko) | 도전성 코팅이 있는 투명 패널 | |
US10464292B2 (en) | Transparent pane with electrically conductive coating | |
CN102421720B (zh) | 提供有包括高折射指数层的具有热性质的叠层的基材 | |
EP2183102B1 (en) | Vehicle transparency | |
CN113677520B (zh) | 具有防晒涂层和热射线反射涂层的复合玻璃板 | |
US20230321955A1 (en) | Composite pane comprising a sun shading coating | |
CN114829137A (zh) | 具有防晒涂层的复合玻璃板 | |
CN114258508A (zh) | 具有p偏振辐射的平视显示器(HUD)的投影装置 | |
CN114341710A (zh) | 用于平视显示器(HUD)的具有p偏振辐射的投影装置 | |
US20240083146A1 (en) | Composite pane with an electrically conductive coating and at least one layer comprising selectively absorbing nanoparticles | |
US20240157681A1 (en) | Vehicle glazing with metal-based coating and colored edge region | |
US20230405975A1 (en) | Composite pane | |
CN116075491A (zh) | 交通工具复合玻璃板 | |
CN117157571A (zh) | 用于具有p偏振辐射的平视显示器(HUD)的投影装置 | |
JP2000086308A (ja) | 合わせガラスおよびそのための被覆合成樹脂フィルムの製造方法 | |
CN114710966A (zh) | 用于平视显示器(HUD)的具有p偏振辐射的投影装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |