CN114821947B - Automatic fire alarm system in petrochemical tank district - Google Patents
Automatic fire alarm system in petrochemical tank district Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/12—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions
- G08B17/125—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions by using a video camera to detect fire or smoke
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
- H04N7/181—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a plurality of remote sources
Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic fire alarm system for a petrochemical tank area, which comprises an alarm device, a video acquisition module, an outdoor smoke sensor, a wind direction and wind speed acquisition module and a central control module, wherein the central control module is respectively connected with the alarm device, the video acquisition module, the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module and the outdoor smoke sensor and is used for judging whether a fire disaster occurs and predicting the trend of flame; the video acquisition module comprises a plurality of cameras, and a brightness sensor and a distance measuring sensor are arranged on a single camera. According to the invention, the key video acquisition is carried out on the abnormal brightness points, the central control module analyzes the acquired video information of the abnormal brightness points to obtain the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness points and judge whether the abnormal brightness points are fire sources or not according to the flicker frequency, and the acquisition and analysis of the abnormal brightness ensure that the fire sources are formed and the fire source information can be obtained at the same time, so that the timeliness of finding the fire points is ensured, and the problem of accident risk coefficient increase caused by the hysteresis of the fire detection is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire alarm, in particular to an automatic fire alarm system for a petrochemical tank area.
Background
The tank area is used as a main storage area of petroleum and products and is responsible for receiving, transmitting and storing the liquid oil products and combustible gas. The greatest safety risk in a tank farm is that the tanks catch fire, since the larger the tanks are, the larger the tank farm is, and in case of a fire, the tanks beside the farm can be easily compromised. The receiving and dispatching operation of storage tank is frequent, and equipment inspection maintenance frequency is many, and especially refining enterprise tank field for cooperation device production, the condition that can not clear jar for a long time overhaul and can only produce the limit and overhaul often appears, and tank field management is careless slightly, will take place the fire incident. The traditional smoke and temperature sensing alarm is mostly adopted in the current fire alarm system, smoke and temperature are needed to be transmitted for a certain time when a fire disaster is sensed, hysteresis exists in the detection of the fire disaster, and a chance is provided for the fire disaster to spread, so that the accident risk coefficient is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides an automatic fire alarm system for a petrochemical tank area, which is used for solving the problem that the accident risk coefficient is increased due to the hysteresis property of fire detection in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automatic fire alarm system for a petrochemical tank field, comprising an alarm device for giving a fire alarm;
the system comprises a video acquisition module, a video processing module and a control module, wherein the video acquisition module is used for monitoring external images of the petrochemical tank and comprises a plurality of cameras and can detect the whole external environment of the petrochemical tank area;
the outdoor smoke sensor is used for monitoring the smoke environment outside the petrochemical tank;
the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module is used for detecting the wind direction and the wind speed of the environment where the tank area is located;
the central control module is respectively connected with the alarm device, the video acquisition module, the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module and the outdoor smoke sensor and is used for judging whether a fire disaster occurs and predicting the flame trend;
when the petrochemical tank area automatic fire alarm system is adopted for monitoring fire in the petrochemical tank area, the video acquisition module monitors the whole environment of the petrochemical tank area in real time, when the video acquisition module detects that a brightness abnormal point exists in the petrochemical tank area, the video acquisition module performs key video acquisition on the brightness abnormal point and transmits acquired video information to the central control module, and the central control module analyzes the acquired video information of the brightness abnormal point, acquires the flicker frequency of the brightness abnormal point and judges whether the fire source is a fire source according to the flicker frequency;
when the central control module judges that the abnormal brightness point is the fire source, the central control module judges the intensity of the fire source according to the collected image information and carries out risk rating on the fire source according to the intensity of the fire source, the central control module transmits the judged danger level of the fire source to the alarm device, and the alarm device gives an alarm corresponding to the danger level of the fire source.
Further, when the central control module judges the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness points, the central control module judges the color of the collected video information, when the collected video is a color video, the central control module carries out gray level processing on the color video, and carries out flicker frequency judgment on the image after the gray level processing; and when the acquired image is a gray image, the central control module directly judges the flicker frequency of the gray image.
Furthermore, a first preset flicker frequency A1 and a second preset flicker frequency A2 are arranged in the central control module, the central control module analyzes the collected video information of the brightness abnormal points to obtain the flicker frequency A of the brightness abnormal points, the central control module compares the flicker frequency A with the first preset flicker frequency A1 and the second preset flicker frequency A2,
when A is less than or equal to A1, the central control module judges that the difference between the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness point and the flicker frequency of the flame is large, and the abnormal brightness point is not a fire source;
when A1 is larger than A and is smaller than or equal to A2, the central control module judges that the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness point is similar to the flicker frequency of the flame, and the central control module judges that the abnormal brightness point is an ignition source;
when A is larger than A2, the central control module judges that the difference between the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness point and the flicker frequency of the flame is large, and the abnormal brightness point is not a fire source.
Further, when the central control module determines that the brightness anomaly is a fire source, the central control module analyzes the collected brightness anomaly video to obtain a brightness value B of the brightness anomaly, a contrast value C of the brightness anomaly and the background brightness of the video, and an area value D of the brightness anomaly, the central control module calculates a fire source intensity value F according to the brightness value B, the contrast value C, and the area value D of the brightness anomaly, wherein F = B + C + D × D, B is a compensation parameter of the brightness value B to the fire source intensity value F, C is a compensation parameter of the contrast value C to the fire source intensity value F, D is a compensation parameter of the area value D to the fire source intensity value F, and each compensation parameter has two functions, wherein the first function is to adjust the evaluation result ratio of the corresponding value to the fire source intensity value, and the second function is to unify the left and right class of a formula.
Furthermore, the distance measuring sensor analyzes the distance L from the abnormal brightness point to the camera which collects the abnormal brightness point, and transmits the result to the central control module, the central control module corrects the fire source intensity to Fz according to the distance L, and the Fz = L ÷ m × F, wherein m is a parameter for adjusting the fire source intensity by the distance L. The adjusting parameters can correct the fire source intensity value according to the distance, and the left and right dimension of the formula is unified.
Furthermore, the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module detects the wind speed and the wind direction of the environment where the oil tank area is located and transmits the detection result to the central control module, and the central control module judges the fire source danger level according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the fire source intensity and the fire source location position and sends out an alarm with a corresponding level.
Further, the fire source danger grades are divided into a first grade, a second grade and a third grade, wherein,
when the central control module judges that the fire source danger level is first level, the alarm device sends first level alarm, emergency personnel rush to the fire source site to extinguish fire, and other personnel are not evacuated;
when the central control module judges that the fire source danger level is the second level, the alarm device sends out a second-level alarm, emergency personnel rush to the fire source site to extinguish fire, and other personnel are evacuated according to a fixed evacuation route;
when the central control module judges that the fire source danger level is three-level, the alarm device gives out three-level alarm, the three-level alarm comprises a real-time evacuation route, emergency personnel rush to the fire source site to extinguish fire, and other personnel evacuate according to the real-time evacuation route.
Furthermore, the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module acquires real-time wind speed Q and wind direction P and transmits a detection result to the central control module; the central control module determines the number R of the dangerous petrochemical tanks according to the wind direction P, calculates a fire source danger degree score G according to the wind speed, the fire source intensity and the number of the dangerous petrochemical tanks, and G = Q × Q + Fz × f + R × R, wherein Q is a compensation parameter of the wind speed Q for the fire source danger degree score, f is a compensation parameter of the fire source intensity Fz for the fire source danger degree score, and R is a compensation parameter of the number R of the dangerous petrochemical tanks for the fire source danger degree score, and the compensation parameters have two functions, namely adjusting the ratio of corresponding values to the fire source danger degree score and unifying left and right formula quantities;
the central control module is internally provided with a first scoring parameter G1 of fire source danger degree and a second scoring parameter G2 of fire source danger degree, the central control module compares the scoring G of fire source danger degree with the first scoring parameter G1 of fire source danger degree and the second scoring parameter G2 of fire source danger degree,
when G is less than or equal to G1, the central control module judges the fire source danger level to be classified into a first level;
when G1 is larger than G and smaller than or equal to G2, the central control module judges the fire source danger level to be divided into two levels;
when G is larger than G2, the central control module judges the fire source danger level to be divided into three levels;
and the central control module transmits the judged fire source danger level to the alarm device, and the alarm device gives out an alarm corresponding to the fire source danger level.
Further, when the video acquisition module does not detect the abnormal brightness point but the outdoor smoke sensor, the outdoor smoke sensor judges the smoke intensity and transmits related data to the central control module, the video acquisition module analyzes the image of the petrochemical tank area to determine the smoke point, and the central control module judges the danger level of the hidden fire source according to the smoke intensity, the wind speed, the wind direction and the position of the smoke point and sends out an alarm with corresponding level.
Further, when the evacuation is carried out according to the real-time evacuation route, the central control module generates an evacuation route map according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the intensity of the fire source and the position of the fire source.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that when the petrochemical tank area automatic fire alarm system is used for monitoring the fire of the petrochemical tank area, the video acquisition module monitors the whole environment of the petrochemical tank area in real time, when the video acquisition module detects that the abnormal brightness point exists in the petrochemical tank area, the video acquisition module performs key video acquisition on the abnormal brightness point and transmits acquired video information to the central control module, the central control module analyzes the acquired video information of the abnormal brightness point to acquire the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness point, and judges whether the abnormal brightness point is a fire source according to the flicker frequency.
Particularly, when the central control module judges the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness points, the central control module judges the color of the collected video information, and when the collected video is a color video, the central control module carries out gray level processing on the color video and judges the flicker frequency of the image after the gray level processing; when the collected image is a gray level image, the central control module directly judges the flicker frequency of the gray level image, and because the color space belongs to the non-uniform space, the collected image is subjected to gray level processing before the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness point is judged, so that the influence of the color on the brightness of the flicker point is prevented, and the accuracy of the judgment of the fire source is improved.
Particularly, a first preset flicker frequency A1 and a second preset flicker frequency A2 are arranged in the central control module, the central control module analyzes the collected video information of the brightness abnormal point to obtain the flicker frequency a of the brightness abnormal point, the central control module compares the flicker frequency a with the first preset flicker frequency A1 and the second preset flicker frequency A2, the flicker frequency of the fire source is generally 3-25Hz, particularly concentrated between 7-12Hz, in the application, the first preset flicker frequency A1 is set to be 2.5Hz, the second preset flicker frequency A2 is set to be 27Hz, the detection frequency range is expanded outwards, the flicker frequency during flame combustion is prevented from being changed due to external influences, such as wind speed, the detection safety is improved, the flicker frequency is detected and analyzed to determine whether the flicker point is the fire source, and the judgment accuracy is improved.
Further, when the central control module judges that the abnormal brightness point is a fire source, the central control module analyzes the collected abnormal brightness point video to obtain a brightness value B of the abnormal brightness point, a contrast value C of the abnormal brightness point and a video background and an area value D of the abnormal brightness point, the central control module calculates a fire source intensity value F according to the brightness value B, the contrast value C and the area value D of the abnormal brightness point, the fire source intensity value F is calculated according to the brightness value B, the contrast value C and the area value D of the abnormal brightness point, a foundation is laid for judging the alarm level of the fire alarm system, meanwhile, the weight value of the fire source brightness area is increased, the fire source diffusion is easier to form when the fire source area is large, further, the situation that the video collection module automatically reduces the whole image brightness due to too strong flame brightness to influence the judgment result is prevented, and when the fire source intensity is evaluated, the contrast value is added, and the accuracy of fire source intensity judgment is enhanced.
Furthermore, the distance measuring sensor analyzes the distance L from the brightness abnormal point to the camera which collects the abnormal brightness point, the result is transmitted to the central control module, the central control module corrects the fire source intensity to Fz according to the distance L, the fire source intensity is adjusted according to the distance from the fire source to the camera which collects the image, the accuracy of the fire source intensity is improved, and a foundation is laid for judging the alarm grade of the fire alarm system.
Particularly, the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module detects the wind speed and the wind direction of the environment where the oil tank area is located and transmits the detection result to the central control module, the central control module judges the fire source danger level according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the fire source intensity and the position of the fire source, sends out an alarm with a corresponding level to judge the fire source danger level through the wind speed, the wind direction, the fire source intensity and the position of the fire source, determines the fire source danger level, sends out a corresponding level signal according to the danger level, enhances the judgment of the fire source, and prevents casualties caused by overhigh fire source danger level.
Further, the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module acquires real-time wind speed Q and wind direction P and transmits a detection result to the central control module; the central control module determines the number R of dangerous petrochemical tanks according to the wind direction P, the central control module calculates fire source danger degree scores G according to the wind speed, the fire source intensity and the number of dangerous petrochemical tanks, the central control module compares the fire source danger degree scores G with a first fire source danger degree score parameter G1 and a second fire source danger degree score parameter G2 to determine the danger level of a fire source, calculates the fire source danger degree scores according to the wind speed, the fire source intensity and the number of dangerous petrochemical tanks, grades the fire source danger level according to the scores, enhances judgment on the fire source, prevents casualties caused by overhigh fire source danger degree, and guarantees personnel safety.
Particularly, the fire source danger level is divided into a first level, a second level and a third level, when the central control module judges that the fire source danger level is the first level, the alarm device sends a first-level alarm, emergency personnel rush to the fire source site to extinguish fire, and other personnel are not evacuated; when the central control module judges that the fire source danger level is second level, the alarm device gives out second level alarm, emergency personnel rush to the fire source site to extinguish fire, and other personnel evacuate according to a fixed evacuation route; when the central control module judges that the fire source danger level is three-level, the alarm device gives out three-level alarm, the three-level alarm comprises a real-time evacuation route, emergency personnel rush to the fire source site to extinguish fire, and other personnel evacuate according to the real-time evacuation route. Setting a grade for the fire source danger degree, and determining an evacuation mode according to the grade, wherein when the danger grade is judged to be the first grade, the central control module judges that the fire source danger grade is smaller, possibly a small-range fire alarm caused by line aging or short circuit, does not evacuate people, and reduces the personnel panic; when the danger level is judged to be the second level, the central control module judges that the danger level of the fire source is larger and the fire source has the danger of fire spreading, and people are evacuated according to the specified escape passage to accelerate evacuation speed; when the danger level is judged to be three-level, the central control module judges that the fire source danger level is extremely large, the danger of igniting the oil storage tank exists, the fire can spread quickly, the central control module generates a real-time evacuation route to evacuate according to the actual situation of the petrochemical tank area, and personnel are evacuated according to the real-time evacuation route to prevent casualties caused by fire source diffusion.
Further, when the video acquisition module does not detect the abnormal brightness point but the outdoor smoke sensor, the outdoor smoke sensor judges the smoke intensity and transmits related data to the central control module, the video acquisition module analyzes the image of the petrochemical tank area to determine the smoke point, and the central control module judges the danger level of the hidden fire source according to the smoke intensity, the wind speed, the wind direction and the position of the smoke point and sends out an alarm with corresponding level. Under the condition of high humidity or less oxygen, open fire is not easy to generate after the combustible reaches the ignition point, but a large amount of dense smoke is generated, the humidity is reduced, or the ambient oxygen content is increased, so that the combustible has the risk of rapid combustion; meanwhile, in the early stage of open fire, the temperature of the combustible materials is possibly close to but not reach the combustible point, and the combustible materials can generate smoke, and meanwhile, the combustible materials are very likely to be burnt and ignited along with the increase of the temperature of the combustible materials. By detecting the smoke condition of the surrounding environment, the judgment is made in advance, and the fire risk is reduced to the minimum.
Particularly, when the evacuation is carried out according to the real-time evacuation route, the central control module generates an evacuation route map according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the fire source intensity and the position of the fire source. When the danger level is judged to be three-level, the central control module judges that the danger level of the fire source is extremely high, the danger of igniting the oil storage tank exists, the fire can spread quickly, and the evacuation and evacuation route of people is determined through the wind speed, the wind direction, the intensity of the fire source, the position of the fire source and the space diagram of the petrochemical tank area, so that the casualties caused by the spread of the fire source are prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automated fire alarm system for a petrochemical tank farm according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a fire situation when the alarm system of the present invention is used.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an automatic fire alarm system for a petrochemical tank farm according to the present invention; the invention discloses an automatic fire alarm system for a petrochemical tank field, which comprises,
an alarm device 1 for issuing a fire alarm;
the system comprises a video acquisition module 2, a video processing module and a video processing module, wherein the video acquisition module 2 is used for monitoring external images of the petrochemical tank, the video acquisition module 2 comprises a plurality of cameras and can detect the external environment of the whole petrochemical tank area, the video acquisition module 2 acquires color video images in the daytime and black and white video images at night, and a brightness sensor and a distance measuring sensor are arranged on the video acquisition module 2;
the outdoor smoke sensor 3 is used for monitoring the smoke environment outside the petrochemical tank;
the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module 4 is used for detecting the wind direction and the wind speed of the environment where the tank area is located;
the central control module 5 is connected with the alarm device 1, the video acquisition module 2, the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module 4 and the outdoor smoke sensor 3 respectively and used for judging whether a fire disaster occurs and predicting the flame trend;
when adopting automatic fire alarm system in petrochemical industry jar district carries out petrochemical industry jar district fire monitoring time measuring, video acquisition module 2 real-time supervision petrochemical industry jar district global environment works as video acquisition module 2 detects when there is the luminance anomaly in the petrochemical industry jar district, video acquisition module 2 carries out key video acquisition to the luminance anomaly to transmit the video information who gathers extremely well accuse module 5, well accuse module 5 carries out the analysis to the luminance anomaly video information who gathers, acquires the flicker frequency of luminance anomaly to judge whether for the fire source according to flicker frequency.
Through the judgment of the flicker frequency, the phenomenon that the brightness abnormality caused by the reflection of glass or the irradiation of lamplight and the like is misjudged as a fire source by an alarm system is prevented, and the judgment accuracy is improved.
When the central control module 5 judges the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness points, the central control module 5 judges the color of the collected video information, when the collected video is a color video, the central control module 5 performs gray level processing on the color video, and judges the flicker frequency of the image after the gray level processing; when the acquired image is a gray image, the central control module 5 directly judges the flicker frequency of the gray image.
Because the color space belongs to the non-uniform space, before the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness point is judged, the collected image is subjected to gray level processing, the influence of color on the brightness of the flicker point is prevented, and the accuracy of fire source judgment is improved.
A first preset flicker frequency A1 and a second preset flicker frequency A2 are arranged in the central control module 5, the central control module 5 analyzes the collected video information of the brightness abnormal point to obtain the flicker frequency A of the brightness abnormal point, the central control module 5 compares the flicker frequency A with the first preset flicker frequency A1 and the second preset flicker frequency A2,
when A is less than or equal to A1, the central control module 5 judges that the difference between the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness point and the flicker frequency of the flame is large, and the abnormal brightness point is not a fire source;
when A1 is larger than A and is smaller than or equal to A2, the central control module 5 judges that the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness point is similar to the flicker frequency of the flame, and the central control module 5 judges that the abnormal brightness point is an ignition source;
when A is larger than A2, the central control module 5 judges that the difference between the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness point and the flicker frequency of the flame is large, and the abnormal brightness point is not a fire source.
In the present embodiment, the first preset flicker frequency A1=2.5Hz, and the second preset flicker frequency A2=27Hz.
The flicker frequency of the fire source is generally 3-25Hz, particularly, the flicker frequency is concentrated between 7Hz and 12Hz, the first preset flicker frequency A1 is set to be 2.5Hz, the second preset flicker frequency A2 is set to be 27Hz, the detection frequency range is outwards expanded, the flicker frequency during flame combustion is prevented from being changed due to external influences such as wind speed, the detection safety is improved, the flicker frequency is detected and analyzed, whether the flicker point is the fire source is judged, and the judgment accuracy is improved.
When the central control module 5 determines that the brightness abnormal point is a fire source, the central control module 5 analyzes the collected brightness abnormal point video to obtain a brightness value B of the brightness abnormal point, a contrast value C of the brightness abnormal point and a background of the video, and an area value D of the brightness abnormal point, and the central control module 5 calculates a fire source intensity value F according to the brightness value B, the contrast value C, and the area value D of the brightness abnormal point, where F = B + C × C + D × D, B is a compensation parameter of the brightness value B to the fire source intensity value F, C is a compensation parameter of the contrast value C to the fire source intensity value F, and D is a compensation parameter of the area value D to the fire source intensity value F.
In this example, the numerical portion of b is 0.3, the numerical portion of c is 0.3, the numerical portion of d is 0.4;
the fire source intensity value F is calculated through the brightness value B, the contrast value C and the area value D of the brightness of the abnormal brightness point, a foundation is laid for judging the alarm level of a fire alarm system, meanwhile, the weight value of the brightness area of the fire source is increased, the fire source diffusion is easier to form when the area of the fire source is large, furthermore, the situation that the overall brightness of an image is automatically reduced due to the fact that the flame brightness is too strong and the judgment result is influenced is prevented, when the fire source intensity is evaluated, the contrast value is added, and the accuracy of fire source intensity judgment is enhanced.
The distance measuring sensor analyzes the distance L from the abnormal brightness point to the camera which collects the abnormal brightness point, the result is transmitted to the central control module 5, the central control module 5 corrects the fire source intensity to Fz according to the distance L, and Fz = L ÷ m × F, wherein m is a parameter for adjusting the fire source intensity by the distance L.
The fire source intensity is adjusted through the distance from the fire source to the camera which collects the image, the accuracy of the fire source intensity is improved, and a foundation is laid for judging the alarm grade of the fire alarm system.
The wind direction and wind speed acquisition module 4 detects the wind speed and wind direction of the environment where the oil tank area is located and transmits the detection result to the central control module 5, and the central control module 5 judges the fire source danger level according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the fire source intensity and the position of the fire source and sends out an alarm with a corresponding level.
The fire source danger level is judged through the wind speed, the wind direction, the fire source intensity and the position of the fire source, the fire source danger level is determined, a corresponding level signal is sent according to the danger level, judgment on the fire source is enhanced, and casualties caused by overhigh fire source danger degree are prevented.
Specifically, please refer to fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a fire situation when the alarm system of the present invention is used, wherein K represents a fire source position, P represents a wind direction, and the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module 4 acquires a real-time wind speed Q and a real-time wind direction P and transmits a detection result to the central control module 5; the central control module 5 determines the number R of the dangerous petrochemical tanks according to the wind direction P, in this embodiment, R =6, the central control module 5 calculates a fire hazard risk score G according to the wind speed, the fire source intensity and the number of the dangerous petrochemical tanks, G = Q × Q + Fz × f + R × R, wherein Q is a compensation parameter of the wind speed Q for the fire hazard risk score, f is a compensation parameter of the fire source intensity Fz for the fire hazard risk score, and R is a compensation parameter of the number R of the dangerous petrochemical tanks for the fire hazard risk score.
The central control module 5 is internally provided with a first scoring parameter G1 of fire source danger degree and a second scoring parameter G2 of fire source danger degree, the central control module 5 compares the scoring G of fire source danger degree with the first scoring parameter G1 of fire source danger degree and the second scoring parameter G2 of fire source danger degree,
when G is less than or equal to G1, the central control module 5 judges the fire source danger level to be classified into one grade;
when G1 is larger than G and is smaller than or equal to G2, the central control module 5 judges the fire source danger level to be divided into two levels;
when G is larger than G2, the central control module 5 judges the fire source danger level to be divided into three levels;
the central control module 5 transmits the determined fire source danger level to the alarm device 1, and the alarm device 1 gives an alarm corresponding to the fire source danger level.
According to the wind speed, the fire source intensity and the number of the dangerous petrochemical tanks, the fire source danger degree score is calculated, the fire source danger grade is graded according to the score, judgment on the fire source is enhanced, casualties caused by too high fire source danger degree are prevented, and personnel safety is guaranteed.
The fire source danger grades are divided into a first grade, a second grade and a third grade, wherein,
when the central control module 5 judges that the fire source danger level is first level, the alarm device 1 gives out first level alarm, emergency personnel rush to the fire source site to extinguish fire, and other personnel are not evacuated;
when the central control module 5 judges that the fire source danger level is the second level, the alarm device 1 sends out a second-level alarm, emergency personnel rush to the fire source site to extinguish fire, and other personnel are evacuated according to a fixed evacuation route;
when the central control module 5 judges that the fire source danger level is three-level, the alarm device 1 sends out three-level alarm, the three-level alarm contains a real-time evacuation route, emergency personnel rush to the fire source site to extinguish fire, and other personnel evacuate according to the real-time evacuation route.
Setting a grade for the fire source danger degree, and determining an evacuation mode according to the grade, wherein when the danger grade is judged to be the first grade, the central control module 5 judges that the fire source danger grade is smaller, possibly a small-range fire alarm caused by line aging or short circuit, does not evacuate people, and reduces the personnel panic; when the danger level is judged to be the second level, the central control module 5 judges that the fire source danger level is larger and the fire spreading danger exists, and people are evacuated according to the specified escape passage to accelerate the evacuation speed; when the danger level is judged to be three-level, the central control module 5 judges that the fire source danger level is extremely large, the danger of igniting the oil storage tank exists, the fire can spread quickly, the central control module 5 generates a real-time evacuation route to evacuate according to the actual situation of the petrochemical tank area, and personnel are evacuated according to the real-time evacuation route to prevent casualties caused by fire source diffusion.
When the video acquisition module 2 does not detect the abnormal brightness point but the outdoor smoke sensor 3, the outdoor smoke sensor 3 judges the smoke intensity and transmits related data to the central control module 5, the video acquisition module 2 analyzes the image of the petrochemical tank area to determine the smoke point, and the central control module 5 judges the danger level of the hidden fire source according to the smoke intensity, the wind speed, the wind direction and the position of the smoke point and sends out an alarm with corresponding level.
Under the condition of high humidity or less oxygen, open fire is not easy to generate after the combustible reaches the ignition point, but a large amount of dense smoke is generated, the humidity is reduced, or the ambient oxygen content is increased, so that the combustible has the risk of rapid combustion; meanwhile, in the early stage of open fire, the temperature of the combustible materials is possibly close to but not reach the combustible point, and the combustible materials can generate smoke, and meanwhile, the combustible materials are very likely to be burnt and ignited along with the increase of the temperature of the combustible materials. By detecting the smoke condition of the surrounding environment, the judgment is made in advance, and the fire risk is reduced to the minimum.
When the evacuation is carried out according to the real-time evacuation route, the central control module 5 generates an evacuation route map according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the intensity of the fire source and the position of the fire source.
When the danger level is judged to be three-level, the central control module 5 judges that the fire source danger level is extremely high, the danger of igniting the oil storage tank exists, the fire can spread quickly, and the evacuation and evacuation route of people is determined through the wind speed, the wind direction, the fire source intensity, the position of the fire source and the space diagram of the petrochemical tank area, so that the casualties caused by the spread of the fire source are prevented.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic fire alarm system for a petrochemical tank field is characterized by comprising,
an alarm device for issuing a fire alarm;
the system comprises a video acquisition module, a video processing module and a control module, wherein the video acquisition module is used for monitoring external images of the petrochemical tank and comprises a plurality of cameras and can detect the whole external environment of the petrochemical tank area;
the outdoor smoke sensor is used for monitoring the smoke environment outside the petrochemical tank;
the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module is used for detecting the wind direction and the wind speed of the environment where the tank area is located;
the central control module is respectively connected with the alarm device, the video acquisition module, the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module and the outdoor smoke sensor and is used for judging whether a fire disaster occurs and predicting the flame trend;
when the automatic fire alarm system of the petrochemical tank area is adopted for monitoring the fire of the petrochemical tank area, the video acquisition module monitors the whole environment of the petrochemical tank area in real time, when the video acquisition module detects that a brightness abnormal point exists in the petrochemical tank area, the video acquisition module performs key video acquisition on the brightness abnormal point and transmits acquired video information to the central control module, and the central control module analyzes the acquired video information of the brightness abnormal point, acquires the flashing frequency of the brightness abnormal point and judges whether the fire is a fire source according to the flashing frequency;
when the central control module judges that the abnormal brightness point is a fire source, the central control module judges the intensity of the fire source according to the collected image information and carries out risk rating on the fire source according to the intensity of the fire source, the central control module transmits the judged danger level of the fire source to the alarm device, and the alarm device gives an alarm corresponding to the danger level of the fire source;
when the fire source intensity is judged, the central control module analyzes the collected image, obtains the brightness value of the brightness abnormal point, the brightness area value and the contrast value of the brightness of the abnormal point and the brightness of the background environment, and judges the intensity of the fire source according to the brightness value of the brightness abnormal point, the brightness area value, the contrast value of the brightness of the abnormal point and the brightness of the background environment.
2. The automatic fire alarm system for the petrochemical tank field according to claim 1, wherein when the central control module determines the flashing frequency of the brightness anomaly point, the central control module performs color determination on the collected video information, and when the collected video is a color video, the central control module performs gray processing on the color video and performs the flashing frequency determination on the image after the gray processing; and when the acquired image is a gray image, the central control module directly judges the flicker frequency of the gray image.
3. The automated fire alarm system for a petrochemical tank farm according to claim 2, wherein a first preset flashing frequency A1 and a second preset flashing frequency A2 are provided in the central control module, the central control module analyzes the collected video information of the brightness anomaly point to obtain the flashing frequency A of the brightness anomaly point, the central control module compares the flashing frequency A with the first preset flashing frequency A1 and the second preset flashing frequency A2,
when A is less than or equal to A1, the central control module judges that the difference between the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness point and the flicker frequency of the flame is large, and the abnormal brightness point is not a fire source;
when A1 is larger than A and is smaller than or equal to A2, the central control module judges that the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness point is similar to the flicker frequency of the flame, and the central control module judges that the abnormal brightness point is an ignition source;
when A is larger than A2, the central control module judges that the difference between the flicker frequency of the abnormal brightness point and the flicker frequency of the flame is large, and the abnormal brightness point is not a fire source.
4. The automatic fire alarm system for the petrochemical tank field according to claim 3, wherein when the central control module determines that the abnormal brightness point is a fire source, the central control module analyzes the collected abnormal brightness point video to obtain a brightness value B of the abnormal brightness point, a contrast value C of the abnormal brightness point with the background brightness of the video, and an area value D of the abnormal brightness point, the central control module calculates a fire source intensity value F according to the brightness value B, the contrast value C, and the area value D of the abnormal brightness point, F = B × B + C × C + D × D, wherein B is a compensation parameter of the brightness value B to the fire source intensity value F, C is a compensation parameter of the contrast value C to the fire source intensity value F, D is a compensation parameter of the area value D to the fire source intensity value F, and each of the compensation parameters has two functions, namely, firstly, adjusting the ratio of the corresponding numerical value to the evaluation result of the fire source intensity value, and secondly, unifying left and right dimensions of a formula.
5. The automated fire alarm system for petrochemical tank field according to claim 4, wherein the distance measuring sensor analyzes the distance L from the abnormal brightness point to the camera collecting the abnormal brightness point and transmits the result to the central control module, and the central control module corrects the fire source intensity to Fz according to the distance L, fz = L ÷ mxF, wherein m is a fire source intensity adjusting parameter for the distance L, and the adjusting parameter can correct the fire source intensity value according to the distance and unify the dimension of left and right of the formula.
6. The automatic fire alarm system for the petrochemical tank field according to claim 5, wherein the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module detects the wind speed and wind direction of the environment where the petroleum tank field is located and transmits the detection result to the central control module, and the central control module determines the fire source danger level according to the wind speed, the wind direction, the fire source intensity and the location of the fire source and sends out an alarm with a corresponding level.
7. The automated fire alarm system for a petrochemical tank farm according to claim 6, wherein the fire hazard classification is classified into primary, secondary, and tertiary, wherein,
when the central control module judges that the fire source danger level is first level, the alarm device sends first level alarm, emergency personnel rush to the fire source site to extinguish fire, and other personnel are not evacuated;
when the central control module judges that the fire source danger level is the second level, the alarm device sends out a second-level alarm, emergency personnel rush to the fire source site to extinguish fire, and other personnel are evacuated according to a fixed evacuation route;
when the central control module judges that the fire source danger level is three-level, the alarm device gives out three-level alarm, the three-level alarm comprises a real-time evacuation route, emergency personnel rush to the fire source site to extinguish fire, and other personnel evacuate according to the real-time evacuation route.
8. The automated fire alarm system for a petrochemical tank farm according to claim 7, wherein the wind direction and wind speed acquisition module acquires real-time wind speed Q and wind direction P and transmits the detection result to the central control module; the central control module determines the number R of the dangerous petrochemical tanks according to the wind direction P, calculates a fire source danger degree score G according to the wind speed, the fire source intensity and the number of the dangerous petrochemical tanks, and G = Q × Q + Fz × f + R × R, wherein Q is a compensation parameter of the wind speed Q for the fire source danger degree score, f is a compensation parameter of the fire source intensity Fz for the fire source danger degree score, and R is a compensation parameter of the number R of the dangerous petrochemical tanks for the fire source danger degree score, and the compensation parameters have two functions, namely adjusting the ratio of corresponding values to the fire source danger degree score and unifying left and right formula quantities;
the central control module is internally provided with a first scoring parameter G1 of the fire source risk degree and a second scoring parameter G2 of the fire source risk degree, the central control module compares the scoring G of the fire source risk degree with the first scoring parameter G1 of the fire source risk degree and the second scoring parameter G2 of the fire source risk degree,
when G is less than or equal to G1, the central control module judges the fire source danger level to be classified into one grade;
when G1 is larger than G and smaller than or equal to G2, the central control module judges the fire source danger level to be divided into two levels;
when G is larger than G2, the central control module judges the fire source danger level to be divided into three levels;
and the central control module transmits the judged fire source danger level to the alarm device, and the alarm device gives out an alarm corresponding to the fire source danger level.
9. The automatic fire alarm system for the petrochemical tank area as claimed in claim 8, wherein when the video acquisition module does not detect a brightness anomaly point but the outdoor smoke sensor detects environmental smoke, the outdoor smoke sensor determines smoke intensity and transmits related data to the central control module, the video acquisition module analyzes an image of the petrochemical tank area to determine a smoke point, and the central control module determines a hidden fire hazard level according to the smoke intensity, wind speed, wind direction and the position of the smoke point and sends out an alarm with a corresponding level.
10. The automated fire alarm system for a petrochemical tank farm according to claim 9, wherein the central control module generates an evacuation route map according to wind speed, wind direction, fire intensity, and location of fire when evacuating according to the real-time evacuation route.
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