CN114812313B - Application of blasting slot-drawing method in underground stope of metal mine - Google Patents
Application of blasting slot-drawing method in underground stope of metal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114812313B CN114812313B CN202210480625.7A CN202210480625A CN114812313B CN 114812313 B CN114812313 B CN 114812313B CN 202210480625 A CN202210480625 A CN 202210480625A CN 114812313 B CN114812313 B CN 114812313B
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- cutting
- deep hole
- blasting
- gallery
- blastholes
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012407 engineering method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
An application of a blasting slot-drawing method in a metal mine underground stope belongs to the technical field of mine exploitation engineering methods and is used for cutting slot-drawing in the metal mine underground stope. The technical proposal is as follows: firstly, arranging fan-shaped deep hole blast holes which are more than or equal to two rows at the cutting slot position of a stope; then tunneling a cutting gallery, wherein the length of the cutting gallery is greater than or equal to the design length of the cutting groove; then, carrying out gradually-reduced falling tops along the side hole trend of the fan-shaped deep hole blast hole from inside to outside on a cutting gallery, and reserving a protective layer which is more than or equal to 500mm between a falling top area and the fan-shaped deep hole blast hole; and finally, using the cutting gallery and the roof falling area as free surfaces of pull groove blasting, and successively blasting the fan-shaped deep hole blast holes to form the cutting groove. The invention is the first creation of the cutting engineering of the metal mine chamber, the construction period is greatly smaller than that of a cutting gallery and a cutting well slot-pulling method, the working procedures are optimized, the construction cost is reduced, and the safety coefficient and the chamber ore preparation efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a blasting slot-pulling method used in a metal mine underground stope, belonging to the technical field of mining engineering methods.
Background
In underground mine production in China, a cutting process of a mineral room is one of the most critical stoping process links of underground mining of mineral deposits, and no matter what mining method is adopted, the cutting process of the mineral room is required to be implemented before formal stoping. The cutting process is a preparation process for the compensation space provided for the initial stope face and the mined material. The completion of the cutting engineering marks the end of the mining standard work and the beginning of the stoping work, and has the key effect after the front start. Whether the cutting engineering can be constructed according to the design requirement and how the quality of the cutting groove is, directly relate to whether the exploitation can be normally performed and the merits of the recovery effect. If the height of the cutting pull groove does not meet the design requirement, the stoping blasting is not easy to be communicated with the upper section overlying strata to generate a suspended roof, a small empty field is formed, not only the broken ore can not be completely discharged, but also the rear discharge stoping can be influenced, and serious accidents can be caused when the suspended roof falls. Thus, the quality of the cutting pull groove has a significant impact on the blasting ore-dropping effect. At present, a method for cutting a draw slot in a stope room adopts a cutting gallery and a cutting well draw slot method, specifically, the cutting gallery is tunneled to two sides at one end of a draw-bottom gallery where stoping begins, a cutting well is tunneled upwards at the intersection of the cutting gallery and the draw-bottom gallery, the cutting well and the cutting gallery are used as free surfaces, and the cutting slot is pulled open. Drawbacks of cutting galleries and cutting well pull-groove methods: firstly, when a cutting well is tunneled, the operation is difficult, the well forming effect cannot be guaranteed, and when the well forming effect is not achieved, the pull-out construction is restricted, and the operation difficulty and the potential safety hazard are brought to a large number of stopes in a mine room; secondly, when the construction of the cutting well reaches the expected effect, the formed cutting well empty area has potential safety hazards of falling rock sliding materials, and the operation safety of blasters is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the application of the blasting slot-pulling method in the underground stope of the metal mine, and the blasting slot-pulling method has the advantages of simple structure, rapid and convenient construction, cost saving, capability of shortening the ore preparation period of the ore room and improvement of the stope efficiency of the ore room.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the application of the blasting slot-drawing method in the underground stope of the metal mine is carried out by adopting the following steps:
a. arranging deep hole blast holes which are more than or equal to two rows of fan shapes at the cutting groove position of the stope;
b. tunneling a cutting gallery, wherein the length of the cutting gallery is greater than or equal to the design length of the cutting groove;
c. shallow Kong Baokong parallel to side holes of the fan-shaped deep hole blast holes is arranged at the end of the cutting gallery, and a protective layer larger than or equal to 500mm is reserved between the shallow Kong Baokong and the fan-shaped deep hole blast holes;
d. and (3) taking an inclined plane formed after shallow Kong Baokong blasting as a first blasting free surface of the pull groove blasting, and successively blasting the fan-shaped deep hole blast holes to form a cutting groove.
The application of the blasting slot-pulling method in the underground stope of the metal mine is that the diameter of the deep hole blast holes is larger than or equal to 50mm, the row distance between two rows of deep hole blast holes is larger than or equal to 1500mm, the hole bottom distance of the deep hole blast holes is larger than or equal to 1500mm, the roadway width of the cutting gallery is larger than the cutting groove width, and the cutting gallery height meets the passing requirement of personnel equipment.
The application of the blasting slot-pulling method in the underground stope of the metal mine is that the successive blasting of the deep hole blastholes is carried out twice, the deep hole blastholes blasted twice are connected in the middle of the deep hole blastholes arranged in a fan shape, the first time is carried out from the most marginal deep hole blasthole to the last deep hole blasthole in the middle one by one, the second time is carried out from the first deep hole blasthole in the middle to the last deep hole blasthole one by one, and the blasting of all the deep hole blastholes is realized by controlling blasting time.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention is the first creation of the metal mine room cutting engineering, optimizes the room cutting process, takes the cutting gallery and the falling roof area as the first explosion free surface of the pull tank explosion, and the fan-shaped deep hole blast holes are successively exploded to form the cutting tank, thereby avoiding the difficulty in forming the cutting well and the hidden trouble of the blaster in working across the cutting well empty area, and ensuring the tank forming effect. And the cutting construction period of blasting and slot pulling of the fan-shaped deep hole blast holes is greatly smaller than that of a cutting gallery and a cutting well slot pulling method, so that the working procedures are optimized, the construction cost is reduced, the safety coefficient is improved, and the ore preparation efficiency of a ore room is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a deep hole borehole arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a cutting roadway entry according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the shallow Kong Baokong arrangement of the present invention;
fig. 4 and 5 are schematic views of deep hole blast hole blasting according to the present invention.
The figures are labeled as follows: the mining method comprises the steps of a mining body upper disc 1, a mining body lower disc 2, an upper segment goaf 3, a mining material pile 4, deep hole blast holes 5, a cutting gallery 6, a protection layer 7, a first explosion free surface 8, a shallow Kong Baokong, a draw-bottom roadway 10, an extra-pulse roadway 11, a blasting goaf 12, a first draw-slot blasting range and section arrangement 13, and a second draw-slot blasting range and section arrangement 14.
Detailed Description
The invention adopts the deep hole blast construction method to replace the existing cutting gallery and cutting well slot pulling method, optimizes the cutting process of a stope, avoids the hidden danger of difficult well formation of a cutting well and operation of blasters crossing a cutting well blank area, can ensure the slot forming effect, greatly shortens the construction period, optimizes the working procedures, reduces the construction cost, improves the safety coefficient and improves the stope preparation efficiency of the stope.
The invention adopts the following construction steps:
in the first step, fig. 1 shows that two rows of fan-shaped deep-hole blastholes 5 are arranged at the cutting slot position of the stope, the diameter of the deep-hole blastholes 5 is greater than or equal to 50mm, the row spacing between the two rows of deep-hole blastholes 5 is greater than or equal to 1500mm, and the bottom spacing of the deep-hole blastholes 5 is greater than or equal to 1500mm.
In the second step, fig. 2 shows that after the deep hole blast hole 5 is constructed, the cutting gallery 6 is tunneled at the design position of the cutting gallery, the length of the cutting gallery 6 is not less than the design length of the cutting gallery, the length of the cutting gallery 6 is greater than or equal to the design length of the cutting gallery, the roadway width of the cutting gallery 6 is greater than the design width of the cutting gallery, and the height of the cutting gallery 6 meets the passing requirement of personnel equipment.
Third, fig. 3 shows that after the tunneling of the cutting gallery 6 is completed, a shallow Kong Baokong 9 parallel to the side hole of the fan-shaped deep hole blast hole 5 is arranged at the end of the cutting gallery 6, and a protective layer greater than or equal to 500mm is reserved between the shallow Kong Baokong 9 and the fan-shaped deep hole blast hole, so that penetration is avoided.
Fourth, fig. 4 and 5 show that the inclined plane formed after shallow Kong Baokong blasting is used as the first blasting free surface 8 of the pull slot blasting, and the fan-shaped deep hole blast holes 5 are blasted successively to form cutting slots. The successive blasting of the deep hole blastholes 5 is divided into two times, the deep hole blastholes 6 of the two times of blasting are connected in the middle of the fan-shaped deep hole blastholes 5, the first time is carried out from the most marginal deep hole blasthole 5 to the last deep hole blasthole 5 in the middle one by one, the second time is carried out from the first deep hole blasthole 5 in the middle to the last deep hole blasthole 5 one by one, and the blasting of all the deep hole blastholes 5 is realized by controlling blasting time.
One embodiment of the invention is as follows:
the diameter of the deep hole blast holes 5 is 64mm, the row distance between the two rows of deep hole blast holes 5 is 1.8m, and the hole bottom distance is 1.6m;
the length of the cutting gallery 6 is 18m, and the gallery width of the cutting gallery 6 is 4.5m;
the thickness of the protective layer 7 is 500mm;
the blasting time interval of the deep hole blast hole 5 is 300ms.
Claims (1)
1. An application of a blasting slot-drawing method in a metal mine underground stope is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that fan-shaped deep hole blast holes (5) which are more than or equal to two rows are arranged at the cutting groove position of a stope;
tunneling a cutting gallery (6), wherein the length of the cutting gallery (6) is greater than or equal to the design length of a cutting groove;
shallow Kong Baokong (9) parallel to the side holes of the fan-shaped deep hole blast holes (5) are arranged at the end of the cutting gallery (6), and a protective layer (7) with the thickness of more than or equal to 500mm is reserved between the shallow Kong Baokong (9) and the fan-shaped deep hole blast holes (5);
taking an inclined plane formed after shallow Kong Baokong (9) blasting as a first blasting free surface (8) of the pull slot blasting, and sequentially blasting the fan-shaped deep hole blast holes (5) to form cutting slots;
the diameter of the deep hole blast holes (5) is larger than or equal to 50mm, the row distance between the deep hole blast holes (5) is larger than or equal to 1500mm, the hole bottom distance of the deep hole blast holes (5) is larger than or equal to 1500mm, the roadway width of the cutting gallery (6) is larger than the cutting groove width, and the height of the cutting gallery (6) meets the passing requirement of personnel equipment;
successive blasting of the deep hole blastholes (5) is divided into two times, the deep hole blastholes (5) blastholes blasted twice are connected in the middle of the deep hole blastholes (5) which are arranged into a fan shape, the first time is carried out from the most marginal deep hole blastholes (5) to the last deep hole blastholes (5) one by one, the second time is carried out from the first deep hole blastholes (5) in the middle to the last deep hole blastholes (5) one by one, and blasting of all the deep hole blastholes (5) is realized by controlling blasting time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210480625.7A CN114812313B (en) | 2022-05-05 | 2022-05-05 | Application of blasting slot-drawing method in underground stope of metal mine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210480625.7A CN114812313B (en) | 2022-05-05 | 2022-05-05 | Application of blasting slot-drawing method in underground stope of metal mine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114812313A CN114812313A (en) | 2022-07-29 |
| CN114812313B true CN114812313B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210480625.7A Active CN114812313B (en) | 2022-05-05 | 2022-05-05 | Application of blasting slot-drawing method in underground stope of metal mine |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3712677A (en) * | 1971-03-10 | 1973-01-23 | Atlantic Richfield Co | Mining method |
| CN1635264A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-06 | 宝钢集团上海梅山有限公司 | Large span blast hole groove broaching process |
| CN106247877A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-21 | 安徽马钢罗河矿业有限责任公司 | A kind of hypervelocity forces kerve method without cutting hole deviation line symmetry |
| CN106285676A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2017-01-04 | 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 | Metallurgical underground mine mesopore is without well Cut Blasting system |
| CN112683117A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-20 | 莱芜莱新铁矿有限责任公司 | Construction method for slot-drawing blasting without well cutting |
| CN113446006A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-28 | 赣州有色冶金研究所有限公司 | Open stope mining method for steeply inclined vein-shaped ore body |
-
2022
- 2022-05-05 CN CN202210480625.7A patent/CN114812313B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3712677A (en) * | 1971-03-10 | 1973-01-23 | Atlantic Richfield Co | Mining method |
| CN1635264A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-06 | 宝钢集团上海梅山有限公司 | Large span blast hole groove broaching process |
| CN106285676A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2017-01-04 | 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 | Metallurgical underground mine mesopore is without well Cut Blasting system |
| CN106247877A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-21 | 安徽马钢罗河矿业有限责任公司 | A kind of hypervelocity forces kerve method without cutting hole deviation line symmetry |
| CN112683117A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-20 | 莱芜莱新铁矿有限责任公司 | Construction method for slot-drawing blasting without well cutting |
| CN113446006A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-28 | 赣州有色冶金研究所有限公司 | Open stope mining method for steeply inclined vein-shaped ore body |
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| CN114812313A (en) | 2022-07-29 |
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