CN114810091A - Three-step normal CRD method direct conversion rapid construction method - Google Patents
Three-step normal CRD method direct conversion rapid construction method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012954 risk control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-step normal CRD method direct conversion rapid construction method, which comprises the following steps: s1, carrying out advanced reinforcement and support on the tunnel face; s2, before entering the critical section, completing the conversion from a three-step method to a four-step method in a small section construction section in front of the critical section, and forming four steps in front of the critical section; s3, performing tunneling construction on the step I and the step II to form a left upper subsection and a right upper subsection, and performing tunneling construction on the step III and the step IV to form a left lower subsection and a right lower subsection; s4, when the last subsection is tunneled to exceed the critical section, the conversion of the three-step normal CRD method is completed; and S5, carrying out construction excavation on the transition section and the large-section construction section by using a conventional CRD method. The invention realizes the direct conversion from the step method to the conventional CRD method and avoids the complicated conversion step sequence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a three-step normal CRD method direct conversion rapid construction method.
Background
The subway tunnel mine construction often needs to be converted between different construction methods, wherein a small-section construction method is converted into a common large-section construction method, such as a three-step normal CRD method. The three-step method and the CRD method are two common methods for building subway tunnels by using a mine method, and according to railway tunnel design specifications (TB10003-2016), the three-step method is generally suitable for excavating medium-to-large-span tunnels of IV/V-grade surrounding rocks, and the CRD method is generally suitable for excavating large-to-extra-large-span tunnels of V-grade surrounding rocks. The conventional three-step normal CRD method has the following problems:
1) the step method excavates according to the step by layer, and the same step is excavated at one time. The CRD method is divided into four parts (upper left, lower left, upper right and lower right) according to a temporary middle partition wall and a temporary inverted arch for excavation, and the conventional (standard guidance) step sequence is upper left-lower left-upper right-lower right (or left-right exchange). Therefore, the direct conversion from the step method to the conventional CRD method can cause the lateral instability of the step soil body, and particularly has higher risk in dynamic construction;
2) the conventional method for converting a step normal CRD method (Zhanghou, etc., construction of a subway interval tunnel step method and a mid-partition wall step-adding method and conversion thereof [ J ], urban rail transit research, 2013) needs to be provided with a method conversion section (conversion section, the same below). Excavating in the conversion section according to left upper-right upper-left lower-right lower (or left-right exchange). The temporary middle partition wall cannot fall to the ground quickly, and meanwhile, the conversion section is long, so that the control of soil body settlement is not facilitated. On the other hand, the transition section and the transition section (transition section, the same below) with the section from small to large are overlapped, and the tunnel section in the transition section needs to be continuously and dynamically adjusted, so that the transition of the coupling construction method is more unfavorable for risk control, and particularly the risk is higher when the tunnel section passes through a sensitive building section (as shown in fig. 1).
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a direct conversion quick construction method of a three-step normal CRD method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a three-step normal CRD method direct conversion rapid construction method comprises the following steps:
s1, reinforcing the tunnel face;
s2, before entering a critical section, completing conversion from a three-step method to a four-step method in a small section construction section in front of the critical section, forming four steps in front of the critical section, wherein the four steps are a step I, a step II, a step III and a step IV from top to bottom, and the end face of the step I is superposed with the critical section;
s3, performing tunneling construction on the step I and the step II to form a left upper subsection and a right upper subsection, and performing tunneling construction on the step III and the step IV to form a left lower subsection and a right lower subsection;
s4, when the last subsection is tunneled to exceed the critical section, the conversion of the three-step normal CRD method is completed;
and S5, carrying out construction excavation on the transition section and the large-section construction section by using a conventional CRD method.
Further, the method for reinforcing the tunnel face comprises the following steps: and (3) finishing advanced grouting reinforcement water stop in the corresponding range of the face by methods such as advanced small guide pipes or drilling and grouting integration and the like so as to ensure that the face is self-stable and has no open water in the construction process.
Further, the step S2 further includes: in the four-step excavation process, beta m is staggered between the upper and lower adjacent steps.
Further, the step S3 further includes:
s31, tunneling the left side of the step I and the left side of the step II to a position exceeding a critical section beta m to form an upper left subsection and close an upper left subsection primary support steel frame;
s32, tunneling the right side of the step II to the position of the critical section, wherein the position of the critical section is flush with the end face of the step I, and spraying concrete to seal the tunnel face of the upper right part;
s33, forming a lower left branch after the left sides of the step III and the step IV are tunneled to a critical section, closing a lower left branch primary support steel frame, and temporarily closing the lower left branch by adopting profiled steel sheets on the top surface and the side surface of the lower left branch so as to keep the soil body of the step III and the step IV stable laterally;
s34, tunneling the upper right part after the lower left part tunnels beyond the critical section betam, and closing the upper right part primary support steel frame when the upper right part tunnels beyond the critical section betam;
and S35, tunneling the right sides of the step III and the step IV to a position exceeding the critical section beta m to form a right lower subsection, dismantling a profiled steel plate for temporarily closing the left lower subsection, and closing an initial support steel frame of the right lower subsection, so that the conversion of the three-step normal CRD method is completed.
Further, β is a natural number of 3 or more and 5 or less.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the step method is directly converted into the conventional CRD method, so that the complicated conversion step sequence is avoided;
2) the construction method has short conversion section, and is beneficial to controlling and saving the construction period;
3) the condition that the temporary middle partition wall does not fall to the bottom is avoided, the control of stratum settlement and deformation is facilitated, and the safety of surrounding building structures is ensured;
4) the construction method conversion section is separated from the section transition section, so that the construction risk is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel structure constructed by a step normal CRD method in the prior art;
FIG. 1-1 is a cross-sectional view of a small cross-section construction section (3 steps);
FIG. 1-2 is a cross-sectional view of a small cross-section construction section (4 steps);
FIGS. 1-3 are cross-sectional views of a process transition section and a schematic illustration of an excavation sequence in a prior art transition section;
FIGS. 1-4 are schematic diagrams of conventional CRD excavation procedures in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel structure constructed by adopting the three-step normal CRD method direct conversion rapid construction method
FIG. 2-1 is a schematic view of the excavation procedure for constructing the transition section and the large-section construction section by the conventional CRD method according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the steps of the direct conversion rapid construction method of the three-step normal CRD method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a three-step excavated tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a four-step excavated tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tunnel with an upper left branch primary support steel frame closed according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tunnel with a lower left branch primary support steel frame closed according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tunnel with an upper right branch primary support steel frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tunnel closed by a lower right branch primary support steel frame according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a key section; 2. profiled steel sheets; 3. a small advanced catheter; 4. a lock pin anchor tube; 5. primary support of steel frames; 6. spraying concrete to form a closed right upper partial tunnel face; 7. a temporary intermediate bulkhead; 8. a temporary inverted arch.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:
the invention aims to provide a rapid construction method for direct conversion of a three-step normal CRD method, which can realize the direct conversion of the three-step method to a conventional CRD method, quickly drop the bottom of a temporary middle partition wall 7 to meet the requirement of controlling the settlement of a stratum, and simultaneously lead a conversion section to avoid the superposition of the conversion section and a transition section.
As shown in fig. 1, the tunnel construction segment according to the present invention sequentially includes a small section construction segment, a transition segment with a section from small to large, and a large section construction segment, the section of the junction of the small section construction segment and the transition segment is a critical section 1, the small section construction segment performs excavation construction by using a three-step method, the large section construction segment is constructed by using a CRD method, and the small section construction segment before the critical section 1 needs to complete conversion from the three-step method to the four-step method.
The step method excavates according to the step by layer, and the same step is excavated at one time. The CRD method is mainly characterized in that a cross-shaped temporary middle partition wall 7 and a temporary inverted arch 8 divide an excavation section into four parts, namely an upper left part, a lower left part, an upper right part and a lower right part, and the construction sequence of the four parts by the conventional CRD method is upper left-lower left-upper right-lower right (or left-right exchange).
The currently common step normal CRD method conversion method comprises the following steps:
and S01, completing the conversion from the three-step method to the four-step method in the small section construction section in front of the critical section 1. The sectional view of the small cross-section construction section constructed by the three-step method is shown in fig. 1-1, and the sectional view of the small cross-section construction section constructed by the four-step method is shown in fig. 1-2.
And S02, arranging a construction method conversion section on the transition section, and excavating the construction method conversion section according to the construction sequence of upper left-upper right-lower left-lower right (or left-right exchange).
And S03, after entering the large-section construction section, excavating by adopting a CRD method, namely excavating according to the sequence of 'upper left-lower left-upper right-lower right', and completing the conversion of the step normal direction CRD method.
The transition section is provided with a construction method conversion section, the temporary middle partition 7 cannot fall to the ground quickly in the method, and meanwhile, the conversion section is long and is not favorable for controlling the soil body settlement. On the other hand, the transition section is overlapped with the transition section, and the tunnel section in the transition section needs continuous dynamic adjustment, so that the transition of the coupling construction method is more unfavorable for risk control, and particularly the risk is higher when the transition section passes through a sensitive building section.
Taking the conventional CRD method upper left-lower left-upper right-lower right step sequence as an example, as shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a three-step normal CRD method direct conversion fast construction method, which includes the following steps:
s1, reinforcing the tunnel face;
the method for reinforcing and sealing water by advanced grouting is completed in the relevant range of the tunnel face through the advanced small guide pipe 3 or drilling and grouting integrated method and the like, so that the tunnel face can be self-stabilized and has no open water in the construction process;
and S2, completing the conversion from the three-step method to the four-step method in the small section construction section in front of the critical section 1. The sectional view of the small cross-section construction section constructed by the three-step method is shown in fig. 1-1, and the sectional view of the small cross-section construction section constructed by the four-step method is shown in fig. 1-2.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, before entering the critical section 1, the three-step excavation is converted into the four-step excavation by adjusting the foot-locking anchor pipe 3 on the steel frame, four steps are formed in front of the critical section 1, wherein the step i, the step ii, the step iii and the step iv are arranged from top to bottom, and the interval between the upper and lower adjacent steps is about beta m; beta is a natural number of 3 or more and 5 or less; the end face of the step I coincides with the critical section 1.
And S3, performing tunneling construction on the step I and the step II to form a left upper subsection and a right upper subsection, and performing tunneling construction on the step III and the step IV to form a left lower subsection and a right lower subsection.
As shown in fig. 6, the step i is divided into a left part and a right part of a step ia and a step Ib, the step ii is divided into a left part and a right part of a step iia and a step iib, the step iii is divided into a left part and a right part of a step iiia and a step iiib, and the step iv is divided into a left part and a right part of a step iva and a step ivb. As shown in fig. 3, the specific conversion steps are:
s31, digging a step Ia and a step IIa to form an upper left branch and close the upper left branch.
As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the step iia is tunneled to the supporting surface, the step ia and the step iia are tunneled to the supporting surface, so as to form an upper left subsection, the upper left subsection primary support steel frame 5 is closed, the upper left subsection primary support steel frame 5 is arranged on the arc surface, the bottom surface and the side surface of each subsection, the primary support steel frame on the bottom surface of the upper left subsection forms the left half part of the temporary inverted arch, and the primary support steel frame on the side surface of the upper left subsection forms the upper half part of the temporary middle partition wall.
The following steps are that the primary support steel frames of all the parts are closed, and the primary support steel frames are arranged on the cambered surface, the bottom surface and the side surfaces of all the parts.
S32, as shown in figure 7, tunneling beta m to the critical section 1 at the step IIb, and if necessary, temporarily spraying concrete to seal the right upper subsection tunnel face to keep the stability of the right upper subsection tunnel face.
S33, as shown in FIG. 7, after the steps III a and IV a are tunneled to the critical section 1, forming a left lower part, closing a left lower part primary support steel frame, forming a lower half part of a temporary middle partition wall by a primary support steel frame on the side surface of the left lower part, enabling the temporary middle partition wall 7 to rapidly fall to the bottom, and temporarily closing the left lower part by the top surface (temporary inverted arch) and the side surface (temporary middle partition wall) of the left lower part by adopting profiled steel plates 2 to keep the soil bodies of the steps III b and IV b laterally stable, namely keeping the soil bodies which are not tunneled by the right lower part laterally stable;
s34, as shown in figure 8, after the left lower part tunnels beyond the critical section beta m, the right upper part tunnels, and when the right upper part tunnels beyond the critical section beta m, the right upper part primary support steel frame is closed; the primary steel frame on the bottom surface of the right upper subsection forms the right half part of the temporary inverted arch. To this end, the temporary intermediate bulkhead 7 and the temporary inverted arch 8 are molded.
And S35, as shown in FIG. 9, tunneling IIIb and IVb to a position exceeding the critical section beta m to form a right lower subsection, and removing the profiled steel sheet 2 temporarily closing the left lower subsection, so that the conversion of the three-step normal CRD method is completed.
And S5, constructing and excavating the transition section and the large-section construction section by using a conventional method.
The present embodiment has the following advantages:
the embodiment can realize the direct conversion from the step method to the conventional CRD method, and avoids the complicated conversion step sequence;
in the embodiment, the step normal CRD method conversion is completed in front of the key section 1, the construction method conversion section is arranged in front of the key section 1, and the construction method conversion section is short, so that the construction period is saved by controlling;
in the embodiment, the conversion construction of upper left division and lower left distribution is sequentially completed according to the sequence of the step S31, the step S32 and the step 33, so that the middle partition wall quickly falls to the bottom, the condition that the middle partition wall does not fall to the bottom is avoided, the control of stratum settlement and deformation is facilitated, and the safety of surrounding building structures is ensured;
according to the construction method, the conversion section and the transition section are separated, so that the construction risk is effectively reduced.
Various other modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described technical solutions and concepts, and all such modifications and changes should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A three-step normal CRD method direct conversion rapid construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, reinforcing the tunnel face;
s2, before entering a critical section, completing conversion from a three-step method to a four-step method in a small section construction section in front of the critical section, forming four steps in front of the critical section, wherein the four steps are a step I, a step II, a step III and a step IV from top to bottom, and the end face of the step I is superposed with the critical section;
s3, performing tunneling construction on the step I and the step II to form a left upper subsection and a right upper subsection, and performing tunneling construction on the step III and the step IV to form a left lower subsection and a right lower subsection;
s4, when the last subsection is tunneled to exceed the critical section, the conversion of the three-step normal CRD method is completed;
and S5, carrying out construction excavation on the transition section and the large-section construction section by using a conventional CRD method.
2. The three-step normal CRD method direct conversion rapid construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method for reinforcing the tunnel face comprises the following steps: and (3) finishing advanced grouting reinforcement water stop in the corresponding range of the face by methods such as advanced small guide pipes or drilling and grouting integration and the like so as to ensure that the face is self-stable and has no open water in the construction process.
3. The direct conversion rapid construction method of three-step normal CRD method according to claim 1, wherein said step S2 further comprises: in the four-step excavation process, beta m is staggered between the upper and lower adjacent steps.
4. The direct conversion rapid construction method of three-step normal CRD method according to claim 1, wherein said step S3 further comprises:
s31, tunneling the left side of the step I and the left side of the step II to exceed a critical section beta m to form an upper left part and close an upper left part primary support steel frame;
s32, tunneling the right side of the step II to the position of the critical section, wherein the position of the critical section is flush with the end face of the step I, and spraying concrete to seal the tunnel face of the upper right part;
s33, forming a left lower subsection after the left sides of the step III and the step IV are tunneled to a critical section, closing a left lower subsection primary support steel frame, and temporarily closing the left lower subsection at the top surface (temporary inverted arch) and the side surface (temporary middle partition wall) of the left lower subsection by adopting profiled steel sheets so as to keep the soil body of the step III and the step IV stable laterally;
s34, tunneling the upper right part after the lower left part tunnels beyond the critical section betam, and closing the upper right part primary support steel frame when the upper right part tunnels beyond the critical section betam;
and S35, tunneling the right sides of the step III and the step IV to a position exceeding the critical section beta m to form a right lower subsection, dismantling a profiled steel plate for temporarily closing the left lower subsection, and closing an initial support steel frame of the right lower subsection, so that the conversion of the three-step normal CRD method is completed.
5. The three-step normal CRD method direct conversion rapid construction method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein β is a natural number not less than 3 and not more than 5.
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