CN111535818A - Rapid construction method for large-section tunnel of high-speed railway - Google Patents
Rapid construction method for large-section tunnel of high-speed railway Download PDFInfo
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- CN111535818A CN111535818A CN202010317556.9A CN202010317556A CN111535818A CN 111535818 A CN111535818 A CN 111535818A CN 202010317556 A CN202010317556 A CN 202010317556A CN 111535818 A CN111535818 A CN 111535818A
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- tunnel
- speed railway
- construction method
- inverted arch
- section tunnel
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/003—Linings or provisions thereon, specially adapted for traffic tunnels, e.g. with built-in cleaning devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid construction method of a high-speed railway large-section tunnel, which adopts a three-step synchronous construction method, optimizes the excavation construction method of a high-speed railway weak surrounding rock tunnel, does not need temporary support, is favorable for reducing the construction cost, further optimizes the process arrangement, and achieves the purposes of reducing the surrounding rock deformation and improving the stability of the weak surrounding rock tunnel, thereby ensuring the tunnel construction safety and improving the construction efficiency of the weak surrounding rock tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a rapid construction method for a large-section tunnel of a high-speed railway.
Background
At present, the construction of weak surrounding rock tunnels in China generally takes a small-section multi-step excavation process such as a step method, a cross mid-partition method, a double-side-wall pit guiding method and the like as a main process, the operation space is small, a large number of temporary supports exist, repeated installation and removal are needed, the construction progress is reduced, the continuous operation of mechanical equipment is not facilitated, the mechanical construction supporting equipment of the tunnels cannot form continuous operation under the influence of the unevenness of surrounding rock sections of the tunnels, and the work efficiency of the mechanical equipment is reduced. The weak surrounding rock tunnel has softer rock quality, joint crack development, low bearing capacity and easy deformation, according to the deformation characteristics of the weak surrounding rock, the supporting measures of the tunnel, the current technical levels of construction process, construction method, machinery and the like, the method should firstly study how to carry out fast excavation, fast support and fast sealing on the construction method, the creep characteristic of the weak surrounding rock enables the deformation duration to be long, and if the construction speed is slow, the time for supporting and sealing to form a ring is long, large deformation is easy to occur, even the transition is loose and collapse is easy to occur. Therefore, the rapid sealing and looping is a basic requirement for improving the stability of the weak surrounding rock tunnel and is also the most fundamental strategy for the construction of the weak surrounding rock tunnel.
The selection of the height and the length of the steps in the step method has great influence on the work efficiency. Too high steps have too long ballast raking time and poor stability, and too low steps have limited mechanical operation space; the step is too long and difficult to remove the slag, which is not beneficial to the parallel operation, the step is too short and the rack is unstable, and the driller is inconvenient to operate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a rapid construction method for a large-section tunnel of a high-speed railway, which can reduce surrounding rock deformation and improve the stability of a weak surrounding rock tunnel, thereby ensuring the safety of tunnel construction and improving the construction efficiency of the weak surrounding rock tunnel.
According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, a rapid construction method for a large-section tunnel of a high-speed railway is provided, which comprises the following steps:
s1, judging the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock;
s2, synchronously excavating an upper step, a middle step and a lower step in the tunnel;
s3, synchronously deslagging the upper step, the middle step and the lower step;
s4, sequentially installing first arch centers for the upper step, the middle step and the lower step, and sequentially performing supporting construction measures on the first arch centers;
s5, synchronously performing excavation on an inverted arch primary support, wherein the inverted arch primary support is separated from a lower step, and sequentially performing deslagging and second arch frame installation operations after the inverted arch primary support is excavated;
s6, spraying concrete to the second arch centering and each first arch centering in sequence;
s7: and repeating the construction sequence from S1 to S6 until the construction of the tunnel is completed.
Has the advantages that: the rapid construction method for the high-speed railway large-section tunnel optimizes the excavation construction method for the high-speed railway weak surrounding rock tunnel, does not need temporary support, is favorable for reducing the construction cost, further optimizes the process arrangement, and achieves the purposes of reducing the surrounding rock deformation and improving the stability of the weak surrounding rock tunnel, thereby ensuring the tunnel construction safety and improving the construction efficiency of the weak surrounding rock tunnel.
According to the rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel, the excavation mode is determined according to the judgment of the surrounding rock, the excavation mode comprises mechanical excavation and blasting excavation, the deformation of the surrounding rock is controlled to the maximum extent, and the stability of the surrounding rock is ensured.
According to the rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel, the heights of the upper step, the middle step and the lower step are respectively 4.5m, 3.6m and 2.9m, the length of the upper step is 5-8 m, the length of the middle step is 5m, and basic parameters of a three-step excavation method are finally determined by combining the stability of surrounding rocks, the operation cooperativity, the tool feasibility, the equipment matching property and the like according to the characteristics of weak surrounding rocks.
According to the rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel, the diameter of the primary support of the inverted arch is not more than twice of the hole diameter of the tunnel, the ring is closed in time, and the full-ring closing time of the primary support is shortened.
According to the rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel, disclosed by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the horizontal distance between the primary inverted arch support and the tunnel face is not more than twice of the tunnel diameter, the number of people on the tunnel face can be dispersed, the number of people on the tunnel face is reduced, and the risk is reduced.
According to the rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel, which is disclosed by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the steps S4 and S5 are performed synchronously, and the inverted arch trestle is arranged, wherein the net span of the inverted arch trestle is 24 m.
According to the rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel, support construction measures comprise installation of the locking leg steel pipe and the anchor rod.
According to the rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel, the total construction time of the upper step, the middle step and the lower step is 16-18 hours, and parallel operation is fully performed.
According to the rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel, the total construction time of the primary inverted arch support is 7-8 hours, and zero clearance of the working procedure is guaranteed.
According to the rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel, disclosed by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the total construction time from S1 to S6 is 20h, and the construction period is shortened.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is clear that the described figures are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments, and that a person skilled in the art can also derive other designs and figures from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of construction conditions of an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a tunnel excavation step in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a rapid construction method for a large-section tunnel of a high-speed railway includes the following steps:
s1, judging the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock;
s2, synchronously excavating an upper step 10, a middle step 11 and a lower step 12 in the tunnel;
s3, synchronously deslagging the upper step 10, the middle step 11 and the lower step 12;
s4, sequentially installing first arch centering for the upper step 10, the middle step 11 and the lower step 12, and sequentially performing supporting construction measures on the first arch centering;
s5, synchronously carrying out S4, excavating an inverted arch primary support 13, spacing the inverted arch primary support 13 and the lower step 12, and sequentially carrying out deslagging and mounting a second arch frame after excavating the inverted arch primary support 13;
s6, spraying concrete to the second arch centering and each first arch centering in sequence;
s7: and repeating the construction sequence from S1 to S6 until the construction of the tunnel is completed.
The excavation time of the primary inverted arch 13 can be reasonably adjusted according to the field condition, the flexibility is high, and the influence of early-stage low-strength backfill of the ballast and mechanical walking of the concrete of the primary inverted arch 13 on the quality of the primary inverted arch 13 is prevented.
The primary inverted arch support 13 is not closely following the lower step 12, and a certain distance is reserved as a transition section. Compared with the prior art that the primary inverted arch support 13 is constructed next to the lower step 12 without back filling of tunnel ballast, the next secondary inverted arch lining construction can be carried out, the secondary excavation process of back filling of the virtual ballast before the secondary inverted arch lining construction is reduced, and the disturbance of the virtual ballast to the primary inverted arch support 13 caused by the incomplete cleaning of the bottom of the primary inverted arch support 13 is avoided.
In the embodiment, the work of construction preparation, advance geological forecast and the like is also included before the judgment, so that construction accidents are avoided.
In this embodiment, the excavation method is determined according to the judgment of the surrounding rock, and the excavation method includes mechanical excavation and blasting excavation. Wherein, mechanical excavation chooses the excavator to be equipped with and mills digging head, agitator, quartering hammer. A scarifier is adopted for excavation in a colloid soil layer with good stability, a breaking hammer is adopted for a weathered rock layer with developed cracks, and a milling excavation head is adopted for trimming under the condition of local underexcavation. And blasting control is adopted in other soft rock layers, so that the deformation of the surrounding rock is controlled to the maximum extent, and the stability of the surrounding rock is ensured.
In the embodiment, the heights of the upper step 10, the middle step 11 and the lower step 12 are respectively 4.5m, 3.6m and 2.9m, the length of the upper step 10 is 5-8 m, the length of the middle step 11 is 5m, and basic parameters of the three-step excavation method are finally determined by combining the stability of surrounding rocks, the operation cooperativity, the tool feasibility, the equipment matching performance and the like according to the characteristics of weak surrounding rocks. As long as construct under this parameter, need not carry out interim strut, the speed of installation first bow member also can improve, has improved the construction production efficiency in weak country rock tunnel.
In this embodiment, the diameter of the primary inverted arch 13 is not more than twice of the diameter of the tunnel, and the primary inverted arch is sealed into a ring in time, so that the sealing time of the primary support full ring is shortened.
In this embodiment, the horizontal distance between the primary inverted arch support 13 and the tunnel face is not more than twice the tunnel diameter of the tunnel, so that the number of people on the tunnel face can be dispersed, the number of people on the tunnel face is reduced, and the risk is reduced.
In this embodiment, the inverted arch bridge 14 is set in synchronization with steps S4 and S5, and the net span of the inverted arch bridge 14 is 24 m.
In the embodiment, the support construction measures comprise conventional measures of installing a foot locking steel pipe, an anchor rod, a small advanced guide pipe, a reinforcing mesh and the like.
In the embodiment, the total construction time of the upper step 10, the middle step 11 and the lower step 12 is 16-18 h, and parallel operation is fully performed.
In this embodiment, the total construction time of the primary inverted arch support 13 is 7-8 h, and a zero clearance of the process is ensured.
The stability, the safety and the construction work efficiency of surrounding rocks on the tunnel face are comprehensively considered, and the cyclic footage of the high-speed railway large-section weak surrounding rock tunnel is controlled by 2 trusses of IV-grade surrounding rocks and controlled by 1-2 trusses of V-grade surrounding rocks. Wherein: vc is controlled for 1 pin, Vb and Va are controlled for 2 pins. The circulation footage is relatively solidified, and the operation time is stable. The single cycle time of the weak surrounding rock is controlled to be 16-18 h, and the cycle time of the primary inverted arch support 13 is controlled to be 7-8 h.
Specifically, drilling, charging and blasting the three steps take 5 hours, ventilating and deslagging are carried out for 2.5 hours, trimming and top drilling are carried out for 0.5 hour, the first arches of the upper step 10, the middle step 11 and the lower step 12 are erected for 3.5 hours, after the first arches are installed, construction measures for supporting the first arches and excavation of the primary inverted arch 13 are carried out synchronously, construction measures for supporting are carried out for 3 hours, excavation of the primary inverted arch 13 is carried out for 2 hours, slag tapping is carried out after excavation of the primary inverted arch 13, time consumption is 1 hour, at this moment, basic construction of the upper step 10, the middle step 11 and the lower step 12 is completed, after the second arches 13 are continuously installed, concrete is sprayed on the second arches to form the primary inverted arch 13, 2.5 hours, then concrete is sprayed on the first arches of the upper step 10, the first arches of the middle step 11 and the first arches of the lower step 12 in sequence for 4.5 hours, the total construction time is 20h, and the construction period is obviously shortened.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rapid construction method for a large-section tunnel of a high-speed railway is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, judging the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock;
s2, synchronously excavating an upper step (10), a middle step (11) and a lower step (12) in the tunnel;
s3, synchronously deslagging the upper step (10), the middle step (11) and the lower step (12);
s4, sequentially installing first arch centering on the upper step (10), the middle step (11) and the lower step (12), and sequentially performing supporting construction measures on the first arch centering;
s5, excavating an inverted arch primary support (13) synchronously with S4, wherein the inverted arch primary support (13) is spaced from the lower step (12), and deslagging and installing a second arch frame are sequentially performed after the inverted arch primary support (13) is excavated;
s6, sequentially spraying concrete to the second arch centering and each first arch centering;
s7: and repeating the construction sequence from S1 to S6 until the construction of the tunnel is completed.
2. The rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: and determining an excavation mode according to the judgment of the surrounding rock, wherein the excavation mode comprises mechanical excavation and blasting excavation.
3. The rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the upper step (10), the height of the middle step (11) and the height of the lower step (12) are respectively 4.5m, 3.6m and 2.9m, the length of the upper step (10) is 5-8 m, and the length of the middle step (11) is 5 m.
4. The rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: the diameter of the primary inverted arch support (13) is not more than twice of the hole diameter of the tunnel.
5. The rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: the horizontal distance between the primary inverted arch support (13) and the tunnel face is not more than twice of the tunnel diameter of the tunnel.
6. The rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: in synchronism with steps S4 and S5, an inverted arch bridge (14) is set, the net span of the inverted arch bridge (14) being 24 m.
7. The rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support construction measures comprise installation of a lock pin steel pipe and an anchor rod.
8. The rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the total construction time of the upper step (10), the middle step (11) and the lower step (12) is 16-18 h.
9. The rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: the total construction time of the primary inverted arch support (13) is 7-8 h.
10. The rapid construction method of the high-speed railway large-section tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that: the total construction time period of S1 to S6 is 20 h.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114810091A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-29 | 中铁建华南建设有限公司 | Three-step normal CRD method direct conversion rapid construction method |
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Application publication date: 20200814 |