CN114800084B - Precise machining method of eccentric shaft - Google Patents
Precise machining method of eccentric shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN114800084B CN114800084B CN202210180264.4A CN202210180264A CN114800084B CN 114800084 B CN114800084 B CN 114800084B CN 202210180264 A CN202210180264 A CN 202210180264A CN 114800084 B CN114800084 B CN 114800084B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
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Abstract
The invention relates to a precision machining method of an eccentric shaft, which comprises the following steps of 1) propping the eccentric shaft; 2) Moving the measuring block to contact the rear side of the journal section, recording the X-axis position and measuring the axis diameter of the journal section; 3) MovingMoving the measuring block to contact the rear side of the eccentric shaft section to record the X-axis position X 2 And the turning angle of the headstock C shaft to obtain a gear shaft section reference tooth profile surface; measuring the shaft diameter of the shaft section and calculating the eccentricity of the center of the shaft section and the rotation center of the eccentric shaft; 4) Moving the measuring rod into a tooth groove of the gear shaft section, recording two corners of a headstock C shaft when the reference tooth profile surface is in contact with a measuring baseball head, and calculating an angle bisection surface of the tooth groove of the reference tooth profile surface; 5) Calculating the eccentric shaft segment position X 2 Angle and eccentricity errors of the opposite angular bisector; 6) The angle and eccentricity errors and other parameters are input into the grinding program for follow-up grinding. The eccentric shaft section error is obtained through automatic measurement, so that the production efficiency is improved, and the machining precision is guaranteed; and meanwhile, the collision between the grinding wheel and the workpiece can be avoided by using the measurement data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a machining method of an eccentric shaft, in particular to a precise grinding method of the eccentric shaft.
Background
Eccentric shaft parts are typical parts commonly used and mainly comprise forms of optical axis eccentricity, stepped shaft eccentricity, abnormal eccentricity and the like, and are widely applied to various mechanical transmission devices, in particular to the application of a planetary reducer with small tooth difference. The eccentric shaft is unidirectionally eccentric, bidirectionally eccentric and multidirectional eccentric, the precise machining method is based on the grinding machining principle of the traditional crankshaft grinder, namely, the center of an eccentric shaft journal is adjusted to be coincident with the center of a head and tail frame center through a tool, as in the machining method of the small-eccentric-distance multi-eccentric and bidirectional eccentric shaft disclosed in the CN100493786C patent, the radial positions of the eccentric shaft are adjusted in an eccentric adjusting sleeve through adding process lugs at the two ends of the eccentric shaft, and when a machined eccentric shaft section is machined after being coincident with a rotation axis driven by a workpiece, manual adjustment is needed, so that the production efficiency is low, and the added process lugs cause material waste; the accurate, rapid and flexible multi-eccentric shaft grinding clamp disclosed in CN110900450A is characterized in that positioning blocks with different heights are arranged in a grinding head clamp and a tail frame clamp to adjust eccentric shafts so that the axes of eccentric shaft sections and the driving rotation center lines supported by the head and tail frames coincide, and the clamp also belongs to a manual adjustment method, has low production efficiency and is not suitable for automatic production.
In recent years, with the rapid development of industrial robot technology, RV reducers have higher fatigue strength, rigidity and service life than harmonic reducers, and applications are becoming more and more common. The dual eccentric shafts in the RV reducer structure are one of the most core parts, and are bridges between primary planetary reduction and secondary cycloid reduction, and a typical structure is shown in figure 1, one end of the typical structure is a gear or spline for meshing transmission, the middle of the typical structure is two cylindrical eccentric shaft sections, and other structures mainly comprise journal sections for supporting bearings. The dual eccentric shaft structure of RV reducer generally has special design requirements, as shown in FIG. 2, the two eccentric shaft sections shown in FIG. 1 have equal diameters (D 1 ＝D 2 ) And two eccentric cylinder centers O 1 And O 2 Is completely symmetrical with respect to the centre of rotation O of the eccentric shaft (eccentricity OO of the two eccentric shaft segments 1 And OO (OO) 2 Equal to e, e 1 ＝e 2 =e), OO connected to the center of rotation O 1 The tooth profile flanks B and C of a certain gear tooth slot or spline tooth slot in the eccentric direction are relative to O 1 O 2 And the connecting lines are symmetrical. The design of the two eccentric shaft sections with completely symmetrical eccentric directions ensures that meshing force generated by the double cycloid gears when being stressed is distributed at 180 degrees on both sides, thereby being beneficial to improving the uniformity of load and the stability of rotation. CN204221417U patent discloses a special fixture suitable for grinding RV reduction gear eccentric shaft, through the eccentric inner spline hole that the hydraulic locking head is built-in and the eccentric shaft eccentricity equals, form the frock after together with setting up the eccentric sleeve of same eccentricity and process little eccentric area spline's bent axle, the eccentricity of this moment is unable adjustment, has restricted the application range of this frock greatly.
The follow-up grinding technology discards the grinding mode that the traditional crankshaft grinder relies on a tool to translate a rotation center line, adopts a two-axis control technology of linkage of headstock C-axis rotation motion and grinding carriage X-axis linear motion, is assisted by a follow-up measuring instrument following a crank journal, processes a crankshaft in a tangential point tracking grinding mode, and greatly improves the production efficiency of the crankshaft.
In order to solve the technical problem of efficient and precise machining of the eccentric shaft in the RV reducer structure, the eccentric shaft precise machining method suitable for automatic production is necessary to be provided aiming at the special design requirement of the eccentric shaft.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides a precision machining method of an eccentric shaft, which is suitable for the characteristics of a gear shaft section, a journal section, a plurality of eccentric shaft sections and the like, and by using the method, the technical requirements of dimensional precision, shape and position precision and the like required by design are met after the eccentric shaft workpiece is precisely machined, the machining efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the application range of the method is enlarged.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the precise machining method of eccentric shaft includes the steps of:
step 1: the eccentric shaft is propped and fixed by the top tip of the head and tail frame according to the propping and grinding requirements;
step 2: moving the measuring block fixed on the grinding carriage to the rear side of the eccentric shaft journal section, driving a feeding system under the grinding carriage to enable the front vertical surface of the measuring block to be in contact with the eccentric shaft journal section, and recording the position X of the feeding system 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The diameter of the eccentric shaft journal section is then measured by an outer diameter measuring instrument and is denoted as D 3 ；
Step 3: the measuring block fixed on the grinding carriage is moved to the rear side of the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft, a feeding system under the grinding carriage is driven to enable the front vertical surface of the measuring block to be in contact with the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft, the eccentric shaft is driven to rotate by utilizing the headstock C shaft, and the measuring block and the first eccentric shaft are recordedAn eccentric shaft section contacts a limit position X moving backwards 2 Corresponding to the limit position X 2 Is turned angle C of the headstock C axis 2 Obtaining a tooth profile surface B and a tooth profile surface C of a gear shaft section on the eccentric shaft as a reference tooth groove; then the diameter of the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft is measured by an external diameter measuring instrument and is marked as D 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the rotation body center O 'of the first eccentric shaft section' 1 Eccentricity e 'relative to the centre of rotation O of the eccentric shaft' 1 ，
Step 4: the measuring rod fixed on the grinding carriage is moved to the rear side of the gear shaft section of the eccentric shaft and is equal to the rotation center O of the eccentric shaft in height, and a feeding system under the grinding carriage is driven to move the measuring rod forwards to X 3 The position of the measuring rod enters a reference tooth groove of the eccentric shaft gear shaft section, the eccentric shaft is driven by the headstock C shaft to rotate clockwise by a certain angle, so that the ball head of the measuring rod is contacted with the tooth profile surface B of the eccentric shaft gear shaft section, and the rotation angle C of the headstock C shaft is recorded 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then the headstock C shaft is driven to rotate clockwise for a certain angle to enable the ball head of the measuring rod to contact with the tooth profile surface C of the eccentric shaft gear shaft section, and the rotation angle C of the headstock C shaft is recorded 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Obtaining an angular bisector O between the tooth profile surface B and the tooth profile surface C of the reference tooth slot through calculation 1 O 2 At the moment, the position of the C-axis rotation of the headstock is marked as C 34 Obtaining the eccentric position direction of a first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft recorded by the C-axis rotation angle of the headstock;
step 5: calculating the eccentric error delta e of the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft relative to the rotation center O of the eccentric shaft 1 And angle error theta 1 The calculation formula is as follows: Δe 1 ＝e' 1 -e 1 ，θ 1 ＝C 2 -C 34 In which e 1 The center of rotation O of the first eccentric shaft section required for design 1 Eccentricity relative to the eccentric shaft rotation center O;
step 6: x obtained above 2 、Δe 1 And theta 1 Inputting a grinding program, and grinding the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft according to a tangent point tracking grinding methodThe shaft diameter and the eccentricity e to the design requirements 1 ；
Step 7: at the corner position C of the headstock C shaft 34 On the basis of the rotation angle theta, a measuring block fixed on a grinding carriage is moved to the rear side of a second eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft, a feeding system under the grinding carriage is driven, the front vertical surface of the measuring block is contacted with the second eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft, the eccentric shaft is driven to rotate by a headstock C shaft, and the limiting position X of the backward movement of the contact between the measuring block and the second eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft is recorded 5 Corresponding to the limit position X 5 Is turned angle C of the headstock C axis 5 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then the diameter of the second eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft is measured by an external diameter measuring instrument and is marked as D 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the rotation body center O 'of the second eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft' 2 Eccentricity e 'relative to the centre of rotation O of the eccentric shaft' 2 ，
And calculates the eccentric error delta e of the second eccentric shaft section (4) of the eccentric shaft relative to the rotation center O of the eccentric shaft 2 And angle error theta 2 The calculation formula is as follows: Δe 2 ＝e' 2 -e 2 ，θ 2 ＝C 5 -C 34 - θ, where e 2 The center of rotation O of the second eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft required for design 2 Eccentricity relative to the eccentric shaft rotation center O; x obtained above 5 、Δe 2 And theta 2 Inputting a grinding program, and grinding the second eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft according to a tangential point tracking grinding method until the diameter and the eccentric distance e of the shaft reach the design requirements 2 。
Further, the eccentric shaft sections of the eccentric shaft except the first eccentric shaft section and the second eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft are processed according to the process of the step 7.
Further, step 2' is added between step 1 and step 2, and this step is: and moving the grinding wheel on the grinding carriage to the rear side of the eccentric shaft journal section and performing precise grinding processing on the eccentric shaft journal section.
Further, when the eccentricity e of the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft relative to the design requirement 1 And the eccentric direction O 1 With eccentricityError Δe 1 And angle error theta 1 When the design is used, the tooth groove bisector O between the reference tooth groove profile surface B and the tooth profile surface C is used 1 O 2 Is positioned at the corner C of the headstock C shaft 34 The position driving measuring block is contacted with the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft, and the measuring block needs to reach the position X 'forwards' 2 The distance travelled delta is represented by the formula delta=x 2 -X' 2 Calculated or derived by a mapping method.
Further, the process of the mapping method is as follows:
1) O and O 'are firstly added' 1 Connecting lines and extending the connecting lines to the contour surface of the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft, and marking the intersection point as an E point;
2) From the centre O 'of the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft' 1 Taking a ray intersecting with the F point of the contour surface of the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft in the backward horizontal direction, wherein the F point is also a quarter point at the rear side of the contour surface of the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft;
3) E on the contour surface of the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft rotates around the rotation center O of the eccentric shaft, and when the front vertical surface of the measuring block contacts with the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft, the limiting position X of the backward movement is reached 2 At this time, the point where the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft is in contact with the measuring block is marked as a G point;
4) And the point H is a foot drop point of the point F in the front-back horizontal movement direction of the grinding wheel frame passing through the point O, the distance between the point G and the point H is delta, and the size of the distance is delta= |GH|.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, an automatic measurement technology is adopted to measure each eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft and then input a tangential point tracking grinding program, so that the processing production efficiency is improved, and the follow-up grinding precision is ensured; meanwhile, the rear limit position of the eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft, which is obtained through measurement, in contact with the front vertical surface of the measuring block is utilized, so that the collision between the grinding wheel on the grinding carriage and the grinding wheel generated by the eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft workpiece is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a RV reducer double eccentric shaft workpiece according to the background of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a RV reducer double eccentric shaft workpiece according to the background of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the error of a part of the RV reducer double eccentric shaft workpiece before grinding processing in the background of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a state diagram of the method of the present invention as it is measured on an eccentric shaft journal segment;
FIG. 5 is a state diagram of the method according to the invention when measuring the first eccentric shaft section of the eccentric shaft;
FIG. 6 is a state diagram of the eccentric shaft gear segment reference tooth space tooth profile surface B measured by the method set forth in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a state diagram of the eccentric shaft gear segment reference tooth space tooth profile surface C measured by the method set forth in the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a method of comparing several measured position states to avoid wheel interference/collision as set forth in the present invention;
fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of the schematic diagram of fig. 8 at I, comparing several measured position states while avoiding wheel interference/collision.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
The RV reducer eccentric shaft suitable for the method is shown in figure 1, and comprises a gear shaft section 1, a journal section 2, a first eccentric shaft section 3 and a second eccentric shaft section 4; the design technical requirement is as shown in figure 2, after reference conversion, the centers O of the first eccentric shaft section 3 and the second eccentric shaft section 4 are required 1 And O 2 Which passes through the center O of the eccentric shaft and is symmetrical with respect to a tooth space bisector of the gear shaft segment 1. When the eccentric shaft is processed by common processing methods such as turning, the first eccentric shaft section 3 and the second eccentric shaft section 4 have different deflection angle errors relative to the tooth groove bisector surface, and have different eccentric errors relative to the rotation center O of the eccentric shaft, as shown in figure 3.
Embodiment 1A precision machining method of an eccentric shaft, as shown in fig. 1-7, adopts an eccentric shaft grinding machine tool, an outer diameter measuring instrument, a measuring block 5 and a measuring rod 6, wherein the eccentric shaft grinding machine tool comprises a grinding wheel frame, a grinding wheel, a feeding system under the grinding wheel frame, a headstock, a tailstock and a headstock center. The method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the eccentric shaft is propped and fixed by the top tip of the head and tail frame according to the propping and grinding requirements;
step 2: moving the measuring block 5 fixed on the grinding carriage to the rear side of the eccentric shaft journal section 2, driving the feeding system under the grinding carriage to enable the front vertical surface of the measuring block 5 to be in contact with the eccentric shaft journal section 2, and recording the position X of the feeding system 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The diameter of the eccentric shaft journal section 2 is then measured by an outer diameter measuring instrument and is denoted as D 3 ；
Step 3: the measuring block 5 fixed on the grinding carriage is moved to the rear side of the eccentric shaft first eccentric shaft section 3, a feeding system under the grinding carriage is driven to enable the front vertical surface of the measuring block 5 to be in contact with the eccentric shaft first eccentric shaft section 3, the eccentric shaft is driven to rotate by utilizing the headstock C shaft, and the limit position X of the movement of the measuring block 5 after being in contact with the eccentric shaft first eccentric shaft section 3 is recorded 2 Corresponding to the limit position X 2 Is turned angle C of the headstock C axis 2 Obtaining a tooth profile surface B and a tooth profile surface C of a gear shaft section 1 on the eccentric shaft as a reference tooth groove; the diameter of the eccentric shaft first eccentric shaft section 3 is then measured by an outer diameter measuring instrument and is denoted as D 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the center O 'of the revolution body of the first eccentric shaft section 3' 1 Eccentricity e 'relative to the centre of rotation O of the eccentric shaft' 1 ，
Step 4: the measuring rod 6 fixed on the grinding carriage is moved to the rear side of the eccentric shaft gear shaft section 1 and is equal to the rotation center O of the eccentric shaft in height, and a feeding system under the grinding carriage is driven to move the measuring rod 6 forwards to X 3 The position of the measuring rod enters a reference tooth groove of the eccentric shaft gear shaft section 1, the eccentric shaft is driven by the headstock C shaft to rotate clockwise by a certain angle, so that the ball head of the measuring rod 6 is contacted with the tooth profile surface B of the eccentric shaft gear shaft section 1, and the rotation angle C of the headstock C shaft is recorded 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then the headstock C shaft is driven to rotate clockwise for a certain angle to enable the ball head of the measuring rod 6 and the eccentric shaft gear shaftThe tooth profile surface C of the section 1 contacts, and the rotation angle C of the headstock C shaft is recorded 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Obtaining an angular bisector O between the tooth profile surface B and the tooth profile surface C of the reference tooth slot through calculation 1 O 2 At the moment, the position of the C-axis rotation of the headstock is marked as C 34 Namely, the eccentric position direction of the first eccentric shaft section 3 of the eccentric shaft required by design is recorded by the rotation angle of the C shaft of the headstock;
step 5: calculating the eccentric error delta e of the first eccentric shaft section 3 of the eccentric shaft relative to the rotation center O of the eccentric shaft 1 And angle error theta 1 The calculation formula is as follows: Δe 1 ＝e' 1 -e 1 ，θ 1 ＝C 2 -C 34 In which e 1 The center of rotation O of the first eccentric shaft section 3 required for the design 1 Eccentricity relative to the eccentric shaft rotation center O;
step 6: x obtained above 2 、Δe 1 And theta 1 Inputting a grinding program, and grinding the first eccentric shaft section 3 of the eccentric shaft according to a tangent point tracking grinding method until the diameter and the eccentric distance e of the eccentric shaft reach the design requirements 1 ；
Step 7: at the corner position C of the headstock C shaft 34 On the basis of the rotation angle theta=180 DEG, a measuring block 5 fixed on a grinding carriage is moved to the rear side of the eccentric shaft second eccentric shaft section 4, a feeding system under the grinding carriage is driven, the front vertical surface of the measuring block 5 is contacted with the eccentric shaft second eccentric shaft section 4, the eccentric shaft is driven to rotate by utilizing a headstock C shaft, and the limiting position X of the backward movement of the contact of the measuring block 5 and the eccentric shaft second eccentric shaft section 4 is recorded 5 Corresponding to the limit position X 5 Is turned angle C of the headstock C axis 5 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The diameter of the eccentric shaft second eccentric shaft section 4 is then measured by means of an outer diameter measuring instrument, denoted D 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the center O 'of the revolution body of the second eccentric shaft section 4 of the eccentric shaft' 2 Eccentricity e 'relative to the centre of rotation O of the eccentric shaft' 2 ，
And calculates the eccentric error deltae of the second eccentric shaft section 4 of the eccentric shaft relative to the rotation center O of the eccentric shaft 2 And angle error theta 2 The calculation formula is as follows: deltae 2 ＝e' 2 -e 2 ，θ 2 ＝C 5 -C 34 - θ, where e 2 The center of rotation O of the eccentric shaft second eccentric shaft section 4 required for design 2 Eccentricity relative to the eccentric shaft rotation center O; x obtained above 5 、Δe 2 And theta 2 Inputting a grinding program, and grinding the second eccentric shaft section 4 of the eccentric shaft according to a tangential point tracking grinding method until the diameter and the eccentric distance e of the shaft reach the design requirements 2 。
Example 2 a precision machining method of an eccentric shaft, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, adds a step between step 1 and step 2, named step 2', on the basis of example 1, this step acts as:
step 2', moving the grinding wheel on the grinding carriage to the rear side of the eccentric shaft journal section 2 and performing precise grinding processing on the grinding wheel, and improving the shaft diameter D of the eccentric shaft journal section 2 3 Is convenient for inputting error data of a grinding program and is more accurate.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, when the eccentric shaft first eccentric shaft section 3 has an eccentricity e with respect to the design requirements 1 And the eccentric direction O 1 With eccentric error Δe 1 And angle error theta 1 When the design is used, the tooth groove bisector O between the reference tooth groove profile surface B and the tooth profile surface C is used 1 O 2 Is positioned at the corner C of the headstock C shaft 34 The front vertical face of the position driving measuring block 5 is contacted with the first eccentric shaft section 3 of the eccentric shaft, and at the moment, the measuring block 5 also needs to reach the position X 'forwards' 2 The distance travelled delta may be represented by the formula delta=x 2 -X' 2 The calculation can be obtained by a mapping method.
The process of the mapping method is as follows:
1) O and O 'are firstly added' 1 Connecting lines and extending the connecting lines to the contour surface of the first eccentric shaft section 3 of the eccentric shaft, and marking the intersection point as an E point;
2) From the centre O 'of the eccentric shaft first eccentric shaft section 3' 1 The radial intersection is made in the backward horizontal direction on the F point of the contour surface of the eccentric shaft first eccentric shaft section 3, and the F point is also a quarter point at the rear side of the contour surface of the eccentric shaft first eccentric shaft section 3;
3) First eccentric shaftE on the contour surface of the eccentric shaft section 3 rotates around the rotation center O of the eccentric shaft, when the front vertical surface of the measuring block 5 contacts the first eccentric shaft section 3 of the eccentric shaft and moves backward to the limit position X 2 At this time, the point where the first eccentric shaft section 3 of the eccentric shaft contacts the front vertical surface of the measuring block 5 is denoted as a G point;
4) And the point H is a foot drop point of the point F in the front-back horizontal movement direction of the grinding wheel frame passing through the point O, the distance between the point G and the point H is delta, and the size of the distance is delta= |GH|.
Input X in step 6 grinding procedure 2 Due to X 2 The grinding wheel on the grinding wheel frame is positioned at a position which is more backward in the horizontal direction, and the input of X 'can be avoided' 2 And the collision accident caused by the continuous forward movement distance delta of the grinding wheel and the rotation of the eccentric shaft workpiece is caused.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Equivalent structural changes made by the present specification and drawings are also included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The precise machining method of the eccentric shaft adopts an eccentric shaft grinding machine tool, an outer diameter measuring instrument, a measuring block (5) and a measuring rod (6), wherein the eccentric shaft grinding machine tool comprises a grinding wheel frame, a grinding wheel, a feeding system under the grinding wheel frame, a headstock, a tailstock and a headstock center, and the eccentric shaft comprises a gear shaft section, a shaft neck section and a plurality of eccentric shaft sections, and is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the eccentric shaft is propped and fixed by the top tip of the head and tail frame according to the propping and grinding requirements;
step 2: moving the grinding carriage left and right to enable a measuring block (5) arranged on the grinding carriage to move to the rear side of the eccentric shaft journal section (2); driving the feeding system under the grinding carriage to move forward to enable the front vertical surface of the measuring block (5) on the grinding carriage to be in contact with the rear side of the eccentric shaft journal section (2), and recording the position X of the feeding system of the grinding carriage 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the At the same time, the diameter of the eccentric shaft journal section (2) is measured by an external diameter measuring instrument and is marked as D 3 ；
Step 3: the grinding carriage is moved left and right and is arranged onA measuring block (5) on the grinding carriage moves to the rear side of the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft; the feeding system under the grinding carriage is driven to move forwards, so that the front vertical surface of the measuring block (5) on the grinding carriage is contacted with the rear side of the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft, the eccentric shaft is driven to rotate by the headstock C shaft, and the limit position X of the contact between the front vertical surface of the measuring block (5) and the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft and the backward movement is recorded 2 And the angle C of the headstock C axis 2 Obtaining a tooth profile surface B and a tooth profile surface C of the eccentric shaft gear shaft section (1) serving as a reference tooth groove; the diameter of the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft is then measured by an outer diameter measuring instrument and is denoted as D 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the center O 'of the revolution body of the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft' 1 Eccentricity e 'relative to the centre of rotation O of the eccentric shaft' 1 The formula is
Step 4: moving the grinding carriage left and right, and moving a measuring rod (6) arranged on the grinding carriage to the rear side of the eccentric shaft gear shaft section (1) and having the same height as the rotation center O of the eccentric shaft; then the feeding system under the grinding carriage is driven to move forwards to enable the measuring rod (6) mounted on the grinding carriage to move to X 3 The position of the measuring rod enters a reference tooth groove of the eccentric shaft gear shaft section (1), the eccentric shaft is driven to rotate clockwise by utilizing the rotation of the headstock C shaft to a certain angle, so that a ball head of a measuring rod (6) arranged on a grinding carriage contacts with a tooth profile surface B of the eccentric shaft gear shaft section (1), and the rotation angle C of the headstock C shaft is recorded at the moment 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then the headstock C shaft is driven to rotate anticlockwise by a certain angle, so that the ball head of a measuring rod (6) arranged on the grinding carriage contacts with the tooth profile surface C of the eccentric shaft gear shaft section (1), and the rotation angle C of the headstock C shaft is recorded 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Obtaining an angular bisector O between the reference tooth socket profile surface B and the tooth profile surface C through calculation 1 O 2 At the moment, the rotation angle position of the C-axis of the headstock is marked as C 34 Obtaining the eccentric position direction of a first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft recorded by the angle of the C shaft of the headstock;
step 5: calculating the eccentric error delta e of the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft relative to the rotation center O of the eccentric shaft 1 And angle error theta 1 ，Δe 1 ＝e' 1 -e 1 ，θ 1 ＝C 2 -C 34 In which e 1 The center of rotation O of the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft required for design 1 Eccentricity relative to the eccentric shaft rotation center O;
step 6: x obtained above 2 、Δe 1 And theta 1 Numerical value input grinding program, grinding the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft according to a tangent point tracking grinding method until the diameter and the eccentricity e of the shaft are as required by design 1 ；
Step 7: at the corner position C of the headstock C shaft 34 On the basis of the rotation angle theta, a measuring block (5) fixed on a grinding carriage is moved to the rear side of a second eccentric shaft section (4) of the eccentric shaft, a feeding system under the grinding carriage is driven, the front vertical surface of the measuring block (5) is contacted with the second eccentric shaft section (4) of the eccentric shaft, the eccentric shaft is driven to rotate by a headstock C shaft, and the limit position X of the backward movement of the contact of the measuring block (5) and the second eccentric shaft section (4) of the eccentric shaft is recorded 5 Corresponding to the limit position X 5 Is turned angle C of the headstock C axis 5 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The diameter of the second eccentric shaft section (4) of the eccentric shaft is then measured by an outer diameter measuring instrument and is denoted as D 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the center O 'of the revolution body of the second eccentric shaft section (4) of the eccentric shaft' 2 Eccentricity e 'relative to the centre of rotation O of the eccentric shaft' 2 ，
And calculates the eccentric error delta e of the second eccentric shaft section (4) of the eccentric shaft relative to the rotation center O of the eccentric shaft 2 And angle error theta 2 The calculation formula is as follows: Δe 2 ＝e' 2 -e 2 ，θ 2 ＝C 5 -C 34 - θ, where e 2 The center of rotation O of the eccentric shaft second eccentric shaft section (4) required for design 2 Eccentricity relative to the eccentric shaft rotation center O; x obtained above 5 、Δe 2 And theta 2 Inputting a grinding program, and grinding the second eccentric shaft section (4) of the eccentric shaft according to a tangential point tracking grinding method until the diameter and the eccentricity e of the shaft are as required by design 2 。
2. The precision machining method of the eccentric shaft according to claim 1, wherein: the eccentric shaft is processed according to the process of the step 7 except for the first eccentric shaft section (3) and the second eccentric shaft section (4).
3. The precision machining method of the eccentric shaft according to claim 1, wherein: step 2' is added between the step 1 and the step 2, and the steps are as follows: and (3) moving the grinding wheel on the grinding carriage to the rear side of the eccentric shaft journal section (2) and performing precise grinding processing on the grinding wheel.
4. The precision machining method of the eccentric shaft according to claim 1, wherein: when the eccentricity e of the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft relative to the design requirement 1 And the eccentric direction O 1 With eccentric error Δe 1 And angle error theta 1 When the design is used, the tooth groove bisector O between the reference tooth groove profile surface B and the tooth profile surface C is used 1 O 2 Is positioned at the corner C of the headstock C shaft 34 The front vertical surface of the position driving measuring block (5) is contacted with the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft, and the measuring block (5) needs to reach the position X 'forwards at the moment' 2 The distance travelled delta is represented by the formula delta=x 2 -X' 2 Calculated or derived by a mapping method.
5. The precision machining method of the eccentric shaft according to claim 4, wherein: the process of the mapping method is as follows:
1) O and O 'are firstly added' 1 Connecting lines and extending the connecting lines to the contour surface of the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft, and marking the intersection point as an E point;
2) From the centre O 'of the eccentric shaft first eccentric shaft section (3)' 1 The radial intersection is made in the backward horizontal direction on the F point of the contour surface of the eccentric shaft first eccentric shaft section (3), and the F point is also a quarter point at the rear side of the contour surface of the eccentric shaft first eccentric shaft section (3);
3) E on the contour surface of the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft rotates around the rotation center O of the eccentric shaft, and when the measuring block (5) sags forwardsThe straight surface contacts with the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft to move backward and move to the limit position X 2 At the moment, the point of contact between the first eccentric shaft section (3) of the eccentric shaft and the front vertical surface of the measuring block (5) is marked as a G point;
4) And the point H is a foot drop point of the point F in the front-back horizontal movement direction of the grinding wheel frame passing through the point O, the distance between the point G and the point H is delta, and the size of the distance is delta= |GH|.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH04128621A (en) * | 1990-09-19 | 1992-04-30 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Measuring and judging method of crankshaft rotation for respective torque phase |
| CN102198634B (en) * | 2011-03-09 | 2013-01-09 | 上海大学 | Measuring method and device for in process measurement on crank shaft contour |
| CN107030495B (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-12-25 | 烟台艾迪精密机械股份有限公司 | A kind of processing method of double eccentric fixtures and double-eccentric shaft |
| CN109079260B (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2021-02-09 | 南京工大数控科技有限公司 | Cylindrical gear eccentric positioning device and numerical control chamfering algorithm |
| CN109931888A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-25 | 吉林大学 | A kind of method of non-contact laser Precision measurement cylindrical gear profile radial disbalance |
| CN211085003U (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-07-24 | 中能（天津）智能传动设备有限公司 | Device for detecting angle consistency of eccentric circumferential position of crankshaft by using yaw meter |
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