CN114792818A - Cooling open type fuel cell, cooling system and cooling method - Google Patents
Cooling open type fuel cell, cooling system and cooling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114792818A CN114792818A CN202210456770.1A CN202210456770A CN114792818A CN 114792818 A CN114792818 A CN 114792818A CN 202210456770 A CN202210456770 A CN 202210456770A CN 114792818 A CN114792818 A CN 114792818A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 76
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cooling open type fuel cell, a cooling system and a cooling method, which comprises a plurality of bipolar plates which are stacked and aligned, wherein the upper side and the lower side of each bipolar plate are respectively provided with a current collecting plate, one side of each current collecting plate, which is far away from the bipolar plates, is fixedly connected with an end plate, and the end plates, the current collecting plates and the bipolar plates are fixedly connected through bolts and nuts; the bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, the anode plate is positioned above the cathode plate, and the lower surface of the anode plate is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the cathode plate; the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, convenient production, difficult leakage of cooling medium and good cooling effect on the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, in particular to a cooling open type fuel cell, a cooling system and a cooling method.
Background
The existing fuel cell cooling system mostly adopts a single-phase cooling mode, air cooling is adopted for a low-power fuel cell, liquid cooling is adopted for a high-power fuel cell, and heat transfer is realized through temperature change of a cooling medium. The single-phase cooling heat exchange coefficient of the existing fuel cell system is low, the heat conduction rate is low, the efficiency is low, the heat exchange capability is poor, and in addition, if the local hot spot heat of the fuel cell can not be taken away by a cooling medium in time, the reaction activity of a membrane electrode is reduced, the working efficiency of the fuel cell is reduced, the service life of the fuel cell is reduced, and the failure rate is increased.
The existing cooling system of fuel cell for vehicle is characterized in that the fuel cell stack and other heat-producing components share one cycle, which is characterized in that the fuel cell stack and other heat-producing auxiliary components share a cooling medium, and the electric conductivity requirement of the fuel cell stack on the cooling medium under the electrically active atmosphere is higher, so a deionizer is usually arranged at a cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack to remove charged particles generated in the circulation process of the cooling medium, which leads to higher use and maintenance cost of the whole cooling system, especially the cooling medium.
Meanwhile, most of the existing cooling channels of the vehicle fuel cell are closed channels, the heat production rate of the fuel cell is equivalent to the effective power of the fuel cell, a higher cooling medium flow rate is usually adopted for a larger heat load, the efficiency of the fuel cell is reduced due to a large amount of extra consumption of pumping power, meanwhile, the leakage of the cooling medium can be caused due to larger pressure and poor sealing of the cooling medium, and in addition, the processing cost is increased due to the complex processing technology and the large processing difficulty of the closed cooling channels. Therefore, a new cooling open type fuel cell, a cooling system and a cooling method are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a cooling open type fuel cell, a cooling system and a cooling method, which solve the above problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a cooling open type fuel cell, which comprises a plurality of bipolar plates which are stacked and aligned, wherein the upper side and the lower side of each bipolar plate are respectively provided with a current collecting plate, one side of each current collecting plate, which is far away from each bipolar plate, is fixedly connected with an end plate, and the end plates, the current collecting plates and the bipolar plates are fixedly connected through bolts and nuts;
the bipolar plate comprises a cathode plate and an anode plate, wherein the anode plate is positioned above the cathode plate, and the upper surface of the anode plate is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the cathode plate.
Preferably, the tops of the cathode plate and the anode plate are correspondingly provided with an oxidizing gas inlet and a reducing gas inlet, the bottoms of the cathode plate and the anode plate are correspondingly provided with an oxidizing gas outlet and a reducing gas outlet, the upper surface of the anode plate and the lower surface of the cathode plate are respectively provided with a gas flow field, the oxidizing gas inlet and the reducing gas inlet are respectively communicated with the oxidizing gas outlet and the reducing gas outlet correspondingly through the gas flow fields, the lower surface of the anode plate is provided with an anode cooling semi-flow field, the upper surface of the cathode plate is provided with a cathode cooling semi-flow field corresponding to the anode cooling semi-flow field, the anode cooling half flow field and the cathode cooling half flow field form a cooling flow field which is communicated with a cooling medium circulator, and a plurality of supporting plates for connecting the cathode plate and the anode plate and a plurality of open type circulation channels are arranged in the cooling flow field.
Preferably, the gas flow field includes a flow field ridge and a flow field groove, the gas flow field is one of a straight-through shape, a serpentine shape, an interdigitated shape and a bionic shape, the oxidizing gas inlet, the oxidizing gas outlet, the reducing gas inlet and the reducing gas outlet are respectively provided with a gas flow distribution area, and the gas flow distribution areas are all located in the gas flow field.
Preferably, a membrane electrode is fixedly connected between the anode plate and the cathode plate in the same bipolar plate.
Preferably, sealing grooves are formed in the peripheral sides of the gas flow fields of the anode plate and the cathode plate, the peripheral sides of the oxidizing gas inlet, the oxidizing gas outlet, the reducing gas inlet and the reducing gas outlet, and sealing gaskets are installed in the sealing grooves.
Preferably, the flow channel space is not less than one half of the cooling flow field space.
The utility model provides a cooling open fuel cell cooling system, includes the cooler bin, fuel cell is located in the cooler bin, fuel cell top fixed mounting has the condenser pipe, the cooler bin intussuseption is filled with coolant, fixed mounting has temperature sensor, pressure sensor in the cooler bin, temperature sensor with the equal electric connection of pressure sensor has the controller, seted up urgent relief valve in the cooler bin.
A cooling method of cooling an open fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
step one, assembling a fuel cell, arranging a membrane electrode between the upper surface of an anode plate and the lower surface of a cathode plate, aligning and compressing the membrane electrode to form a bipolar plate, aligning a plurality of bipolar plates, respectively installing current collecting plates at the upper side and the lower side, respectively, fixedly connecting end plates at one sides of the current collecting plates far away from the bipolar plates, respectively, penetrating bolts through the end plates, the current collecting plates and the bipolar plates, and then fixing the bolts by using nuts;
step two, mounting a fuel cell, fixing the fuel cell assembled in the step one in a cooling box, and mounting a condensing pipe at the top inside the cooling box;
introducing a cooling medium into the cooling box until the cooling medium is over the fuel cell and is positioned below the condensing pipe;
and step four, monitoring by using a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.
Preferably, in the fourth step, when the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure of the cooling tank exceeds a preset pressure threshold, the emergency relief valve is opened to relieve the pressure.
Preferably, in the fourth step, when the temperature of the fuel cell is low, the cooling medium is vaporized and evaporated upwards by natural convection, and naturally falls down after being condensed by the condenser pipe; when the power of the fuel cell is increased and the temperature is higher, the temperature signal received by the temperature sensor reaches the temperature threshold value of forced cooling, the cooling circulator is started, the cooling medium flows by means of forced convection to exchange heat, and naturally falls down after being condensed by the condenser pipe.
The invention discloses the following technical effects: the bipolar plate can be used for proton exchange membrane fuel cells of various types and materials, can be prepared by hard die stamping and can also be prepared and molded by casting technology, thereby being convenient for production; the bipolar plate is a cooling open bipolar plate, can be immersed in a phase-change cooling medium to realize phase-change heat dissipation, or can be immersed in a liquid cooling medium to realize liquid cooling, and can also be placed in air to dissipate heat through air cooling, so that a cooling flow channel is separated, the pump work generated by circulating a high-pressure cooling medium is avoided, and the problem that the cooling medium is easy to leak under high pressure is solved; when the heat load is small, the heat exchange can be realized by utilizing the natural convection of the cooling medium, when the heat load is large, the forced convection of the cooling medium is realized by the cooling circulator arranged in front of the cooling flow channel to accelerate the heat dissipation of the fuel cell, and the cooling capacity can be automatically adjusted.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fuel cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the upper surface structure of an anode plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lower surface structure of an anode plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the lower surface structure of the cathode plate of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the upper surface structure of the cathode plate of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the cooling flow field assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of B of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the cooling system of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the upper surface structure of a cathode plate in accordance with a second embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the cooling flow field assembly of the second embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a partial enlarged view of C in FIG. 10;
wherein: 2-cooling medium, 3-condenser pipe, 4-cooling box, 11-bipolar plate, 12-anode plate, 13-cathode plate, 14-bolt, 15-end plate, 16-collector plate, 17-membrane electrode, 18-sealing washer, 19-nut, 111-oxidizing gas inlet, 112-reducing gas inlet, 113-gas flow field, 114-sealing washer, 115-gas flow distribution region, 116-oxidizing gas outlet, 117-reducing gas outlet, 119-cooling flow field, 1191-support plate, 1192-flow channel, 121-anode cooling half flow field, 131-cathode cooling half flow field, 1131-flow field ridge and 1132-flow field groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description thereof.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1 to 8, the present embodiment provides a cooling open type fuel cell, which includes a plurality of bipolar plates 11 stacked and aligned, wherein current collecting plates 16 are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the bipolar plates 11, an end plate 15 is fixedly connected to one side of the current collecting plate 16 away from the bipolar plates 11, and the end plate 15, the current collecting plate 16 and the bipolar plates 11 are fixedly connected by bolts 14 and nuts 19; through holes are correspondingly formed in the end plate 15, the collector plate 16 and the bipolar plate 11, and the bipolar plates are fixed by the bolts 14 and the nuts 19, so that the bipolar plates 11 are tightly attached to form a seal for reaction gas, and the stability among the end plate 15, the collector plate 16 and the bipolar plates 11 is improved.
The bipolar plate 11 includes a cathode plate 13 and an anode plate 12, the anode plate 12 is disposed above the cathode plate 13, and a membrane electrode is disposed between the upper surface of the anode plate 12 and the lower surface of the cathode plate 13 and is fixedly connected thereto. The bipolar plate 11 is formed by matching the anode plate 12 and the cathode plate 13, and the bipolar plate 11 is formed by processing the anode plate 12 and the cathode plate 13 respectively, so that the bipolar plate 11 is convenient to obtain.
In a further optimized scheme, the top of the cathode plate 13 and the top of the anode plate 12 are correspondingly provided with an oxidizing gas inlet 111 and a reducing gas inlet 112, the bottom of the cathode plate 13 and the bottom of the anode plate 12 are correspondingly provided with an oxidizing gas outlet 116 and a reducing gas outlet 117, the upper surface of the anode plate 12 and the lower surface of the cathode plate 13 are both provided with gas flow fields 113, the oxidizing gas inlet 111 and the reducing gas inlet 112 respectively correspond to the oxidizing gas outlet 116 through the gas flow fields 113, the reducing gas outlet 117 is communicated, the lower surface of the anode plate 12 is provided with an anode cooling half-flow field 121, the upper surface of the cathode plate 13 is provided with a cathode cooling half-flow field 131 corresponding to the anode cooling half-flow field 121, the anode cooling half-flow field 121 and the cathode cooling half-flow field 131 form a cooling flow field 119, the cooling flow field 119 is communicated with a cooling medium circulator, and a plurality of support plates 1191 and a plurality of open type circulation channels 1192 for connecting the cathode plate 13 and the anode plate 12 are arranged in the cooling flow field 119. The cooling flow field 119 can provide space for a cooling medium, so that the fuel cell is convenient to cool, and the support plate 1191 can make the anode plate 12 and the cathode plate 13 fully attached to ensure the compressive strength of the anode plate 12 and the cathode plate 13.
In a further optimized scheme, the gas flow field 113 includes a flow field ridge 1131 and a flow field groove 1132, the gas flow field 113 is one of a straight-through shape, a serpentine shape, an interdigitated shape and a bionic shape, the oxidation gas inlet 111, the oxidation gas outlet 116, the reduction gas inlet 112 and the reduction gas outlet 117 are respectively provided with a gas flow distribution area 115, and the gas flow distribution area 115 is located in the gas flow field 113. The gas flow distribution region 115 is used to communicate the oxidizing gas inlet 111 and the gas flow field 113 with the reducing gas inlet 111 and the gas flow field 113, respectively, so that the reaction gas enters the gas flow field 113 to fully react.
Further, the size of the gas flow field 113 is 110mm × 80mm, the length of the flow field ridge 1131 is 100mm, and the width is 2 mm; the flow field slots 1132 have a length of 100mm, a width of 2mm, and a depth of 1 mm.
Further, the size of the cooling flow field 119 is 110mm × 100mm, the length of the support portion 1191 is 100mm, and the width is 2 mm; the flow-through portion 1192 had a length of 100mm, a width of 2mm and a depth of 1 mm.
In a further optimized scheme, a membrane electrode 17 is fixedly connected between the anode plate 12 and the cathode plate 13 in the same bipolar plate 11.
In a further optimized scheme, sealing grooves 114 are formed on the peripheral sides of the gas flow fields 113 of the anode plate 12 and the cathode plate 13, the peripheral sides of the oxidizing gas inlet 111, the oxidizing gas outlet 116, the reducing gas inlet 112 and the reducing gas outlet 117, and sealing gaskets 18 are installed in the sealing grooves 114. The installation of the sealing washer 18 in the sealing groove 114 increases the sealing performance and prevents gas leakage, resulting in insufficient gas leakage reaction and even explosion hazard.
In a further preferred embodiment, the flow channels 1192 are spaced no less than one-half the space of the cooling flow field 119. On the premise of ensuring the pressure resistance and the sealing performance of the whole fuel cell to be sufficient, the area of the circulating part is enlarged as much as possible, and the heat exchange area between the bipolar plate 11 and the cooling medium 2 is enlarged, so that excellent heat exchange capability is obtained.
Furthermore, the oxidizing gas inlet, the reducing gas inlet, the oxidizing gas outlet and the reducing gas outlet are arranged along the diagonal line of the bipolar plate, and the arrangement mode can improve the use efficiency of the gas flow field 113.
Furthermore, the area of the oxidizing gas inlet channel 111 is half of the area of the reducing gas inlet channel 112, and the pressure difference between the oxidizing gas and the reducing gas in the gas flow channels at the two ends of the membrane electrode 17 can be reduced as much as possible and the blow-by gas can be avoided according to the design of the stoichiometric ratio of the chemical reaction.
In a further optimized solution, the gas flow direction in the gas flow field 113 is the length direction of the bipolar plate 11, and the coolant flow direction in the cooling flow field 119 is the width direction of the bipolar plate 11. Cooling of the fuel cell is facilitated.
The utility model provides an open fuel cell cooling system cools off, includes cooler bin 4, and fuel cell is located cooler bin 4, and fuel cell top fixed mounting has condenser pipe 3, and cooler bin 4 intussuseption is filled with coolant 2, and fixed mounting has temperature sensor, pressure sensor in the cooler bin 4, and the equal electrically connected of temperature sensor and pressure sensor has the controller, has seted up urgent relief valve in the cooler bin 4. The fuel cell is fixed in the cooling box 4, then the fuel cell is cooled by the cooling medium 2, when the fuel cell works, a large amount of heat is generated to evaporate the cooling medium 2, then the steam is condensed by the condensing pipe, and the condensed steam is dropped into the cooling medium 2 after being cooled.
A cooling method of cooling an open fuel cell, comprising the steps of:
step one, assembling a fuel cell, arranging a membrane electrode 17 between the upper surface of an anode plate 12 and the lower surface of a cathode plate 13 in an aligned mode, pressing the membrane electrode 17 to form a bipolar plate 11, aligning a plurality of bipolar plates 11, respectively installing current collecting plates 16 at the upper side and the lower side, respectively, fixedly connecting end plates 15 on one sides, far away from the bipolar plates 11, of the current collecting plates 16 respectively, and fixing the bolts 14 through the end plates 15, the current collecting plates 16 and the bipolar plates 11 by using nuts 19; the sealing performance between the bipolar plates 11 is ensured; the stability of the structure is enhanced.
Step two, mounting a fuel cell, fixing the fuel cell assembled in the step one in a cooling box 4, and mounting a condensing pipe 3 at the top inside the cooling box 4;
step three, introducing a cooling medium 2 into the cooling box 4 until the cooling medium 2 is over the fuel cell and is positioned below the condensing pipe 3, so that the cooling medium 2 absorbs heat released by the fuel cell, vaporizes and evaporates, and the steam is condensed near the condensing pipe 3 and falls back into the cooling medium 2;
and step four, monitoring by using a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.
And in the fourth step, when the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure of the cooling box 4 exceeds a preset pressure threshold value, the emergency pressure release valve is opened to release the pressure. Preventing accidents due to excessive pressure in the cooling tank 4 as a result of the constant evaporation of the cooling medium 2.
In the fourth step, when the power of the fuel cell is low and the heat is less, the cooling medium 2 is vaporized and evaporated upwards by natural convection and naturally falls down after being condensed by the condenser pipe 3; when the power of the fuel cell is increased and the temperature is higher, the temperature signal received by the temperature sensor reaches the temperature threshold value of forced cooling, the cooling circulator is started, the cooling medium 2 exchanges heat by means of forced convection flow, and naturally falls down after being condensed by the condenser pipe 3.
When the temperature of the fuel cell is lower, the cooling medium 2 is vaporized and evaporated upwards by natural convection, and naturally falls down after being condensed by the condenser pipe 3, so that the circulation cooling is carried out; when the power of the fuel cell is increased and the temperature is higher, the temperature signal received by the temperature sensor reaches a forced cooling threshold value, the cooling circulator is started, the cooling medium 2 rapidly flows by means of forced convection to accelerate heat exchange, and naturally falls down after being condensed by the condenser pipe 3, so that the cooling is circulated; the fuel cell can be cooled according to specific conditions, and the cooling is stable.
Further, the cooling circulation medium in the condensation pipe 3 is a common cooling circulation medium, and the cooling circulation medium in the cooling box 4 needs to satisfy the characteristics of low electric conductivity, high thermal conductivity and easy phase change.
Example two:
referring to fig. 9 to 11, the present embodiment provides a cooling open type fuel cell, and the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that the supporting plate 1191 in the cooling flow field 119 formed by the upper surface of the cathode plate 13 and the lower surface of the anode plate 12 is a circular column protrusion, the cooling flow field 119 forms a turbulent flow column type cooling flow field under the effect of the circular column protrusion, the flow channel 1192 has a larger space, and the turbulent flow column can destroy the parallel flow of the cooling medium, so that the cooling medium generates turbulent flow, and the heat dissipation between the bipolar plate 11 and the cooling medium 2 is enhanced.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are only intended to illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cooled open fuel cell, characterized by: the bipolar plate structure comprises a plurality of bipolar plates (11) which are stacked and aligned, wherein current collecting plates (16) are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the bipolar plates (11), one side, far away from the bipolar plates (11), of each current collecting plate (16) is fixedly connected with an end plate (15), and the end plates (15), the current collecting plates (16) and the bipolar plates (11) are fixedly connected through bolts (14) and nuts (19);
the bipolar plate (11) comprises a cathode plate (13) and an anode plate (12), wherein the anode plate (12) is positioned above the cathode plate (13), and the upper surface of the anode plate (12) is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the cathode plate (13).
2. A cooled open fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: the anode plate (13) and the cathode plate (12) are correspondingly provided with an oxidizing gas inlet (111) and a reducing gas inlet (112) at the tops, the cathode plate (13) and the anode plate (12) are correspondingly provided with an oxidizing gas outlet (116) and a reducing gas outlet (117) at the bottoms, the upper surface of the anode plate (12) and the lower surface of the cathode plate (13) are respectively provided with a gas flow field (113), the oxidizing gas inlet (111) and the reducing gas inlet (112) are respectively communicated with the oxidizing gas outlet (116) and the reducing gas outlet (117) correspondingly through the gas flow fields (113), the lower surface of the anode plate (12) is provided with an anode cooling half-flow field (121), the upper surface of the cathode plate (13) and the anode cooling half-flow field (121) are correspondingly provided with a cathode cooling half-flow field (131), and the anode cooling half-flow field (121) and the cathode cooling half-flow field (131) form a cooling flow field (119), the cooling flow field (119) is communicated with a cooling medium circulator, and a plurality of supporting plates (1191) and a plurality of open type circulation channels (1192) for connecting the cathode plate (13) and the anode plate (12) are arranged in the cooling flow field (119).
3. A cooled open fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein: the gas flow field (113) comprises a flow field ridge (1131) and a flow field groove (1132), the gas flow field (113) is in one of a straight-through shape, a snake shape, an interdigitated shape and a bionic shape, gas flow distribution areas (115) are respectively arranged at the oxidizing gas inlet (111), the oxidizing gas outlet (116), the reducing gas inlet (112) and the reducing gas outlet (117), and the gas flow distribution areas (115) are all located in the gas flow field (113).
4. A cooled open fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: and a membrane electrode (17) is fixedly connected between the anode plate (12) and the cathode plate (13) in the same bipolar plate (11).
5. A cooled open fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein: the anode plate (12) with the gas flow field (113) week side of cathode plate (13) all seted up seal groove (114) on the week side of oxidizing gas entry (111), oxidizing gas export (116), reducing gas entry (112) and reducing gas export (117), install seal ring (18) in seal groove (114).
6. A cooled open fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein: the space of the circulation channel (1192) is not less than one half of the space of the cooling flow field (119).
7. A cooling system for cooling an open type fuel cell, based on any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: including cooler bin (4), fuel cell is located in cooler bin (4), fuel cell top fixed mounting has condenser pipe (3), cooler bin (4) intussuseption is filled with coolant (2), fixed mounting has temperature sensor, pressure sensor in cooler bin (4), temperature sensor with the equal electric connection of pressure sensor has the controller, set up emergency relief valve in cooler bin (4).
8. A cooling method for cooling an open type fuel cell, based on the open type fuel cell cooling system of claim 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step one, assembling a fuel cell, arranging a membrane electrode (17) between the upper surface of an anode plate (12) and the lower surface of a cathode plate (13), aligning and compressing to form a bipolar plate (11), aligning a plurality of bipolar plates (11), respectively installing current collecting plates (16) at the upper side and the lower side, respectively, fixedly connecting end plates (15) on one sides of the current collecting plates (16) far away from the bipolar plates (11), penetrating bolts (14) through the end plates (15), the current collecting plates (16) and the bipolar plates (11), and then fixing by using nuts (19);
step two, mounting a fuel cell, fixing the fuel cell assembled in the step one in a cooling box (4), and mounting a condensing pipe (3) at the top inside the cooling box (4);
step three, introducing a cooling medium (2) into the cooling box (4) until the cooling medium (2) submerges the fuel cell and is positioned below the condensing pipe (3);
and step four, monitoring by using a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.
9. A cooling method of cooling an open fuel cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: and in the fourth step, when the pressure sensor monitors that the pressure of the cooling box (4) exceeds a preset pressure threshold value, the emergency pressure relief valve is opened to relieve the pressure.
10. A cooling method of cooling an open fuel cell according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the fourth step, when the temperature of the fuel cell is low, the cooling medium (2) is vaporized and evaporated upwards by natural convection, and naturally falls down after being condensed by the condenser pipe (3); when the power of the fuel cell is increased and the temperature is higher, the temperature signal received by the temperature sensor reaches the temperature threshold value of forced cooling, the cooling circulator is started, the cooling medium (2) flows by means of forced convection to exchange heat, and naturally falls down after being condensed by the condensing pipe (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210456770.1A CN114792818A (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-04-28 | Cooling open type fuel cell, cooling system and cooling method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210456770.1A CN114792818A (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-04-28 | Cooling open type fuel cell, cooling system and cooling method |
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| CN113206271A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-03 | 四川荣创新能动力系统有限公司 | Immersed cooling system and method for fuel cell |
| CN113422086A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-21 | 安泰环境工程技术有限公司 | Metal bipolar plate structure |
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| CN111834643A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2020-10-27 | 奥迪股份公司 | Bipolar plate for a fuel cell, fuel cell stack with bipolar plates and vehicle |
| CN112436163A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-02 | 航天氢能(上海)科技有限公司 | Metal bipolar plate and cathode closed air-cooled electric pile of fuel cell |
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Application publication date: 20220726 |