CN114791279B - Basic rock mark stability monitoring system - Google Patents
Basic rock mark stability monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114791279B CN114791279B CN202111437810.XA CN202111437810A CN114791279B CN 114791279 B CN114791279 B CN 114791279B CN 202111437810 A CN202111437810 A CN 202111437810A CN 114791279 B CN114791279 B CN 114791279B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a base rock mark stability monitoring system which comprises a sensing system, an acquisition, analysis and transmission system, a power supply system, a base rock mark, a fixing system, a display system and a reflecting system. The invention can replace a static level monitoring system for monitoring the stability of a base rock mark and the subsidence of the ground, adopts a laser displacement sensor for distance measurement, has the advantages of small volume, high sensitivity, small influence of temperature difference and large measuring range compared with a liquid level type static level, has the advantages of high precision, low system complexity and the like compared with a differential pressure type static level, has a remote communication function, and can display the state of the base rock mark and the subsidence of the ground in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of monitoring of foundation marks and ground subsidence, in particular to a stability monitoring system of a foundation mark.
Background
The bedrock mark is generally buried on the stable bedrock as a leveling base point, and the main application comprises leveling measurement and geological variation observation, such as providing elevation level for large-scale engineering construction, earthquake observation and the like.
The base rock mark mainly comprises a main mark and an auxiliary mark, wherein the main mark is used as a level point, and the auxiliary mark is also called a wall protecting pipe and mainly plays a role in protecting the main mark. According to the depth of the buried standard base rock, the base rock standard can be divided into a shallow layer standard and a deep layer standard, the shallow layer standard refers to the base rock standard with the buried depth of less than tens of meters on the shallow layer base rock, the deep layer standard refers to the base rock standard with the buried depth of more than hundreds of meters or even more than thousands of meters on the basis of deep stable base rock, and in most cases, the stability of the deep layer table is superior to that of the shallow layer table.
The stability of the bedrock mark buried in the stable bedrock is better than that of the common buried rock level, but a certain instability phenomenon exists, for example, the shallow bedrock mark can still be influenced by the underground water level to be as high as Cheng Wending, the deep bedrock mark is influenced by the hardness of the bedrock and the construction, the auxiliary standard is sunk after cutting the bedrock, the stability of the main standard is influenced, and the like, and the stability of the main standard needs to be verified by long-term observation after the establishment of the common bedrock mark.
The stability monitoring of the bedrock mark is mainly based on precise leveling, but the precise leveling is mainly used for verifying the actual elevation, the time spent in the period is more common, a great deal of manpower is consumed, and continuous observation cannot be performed. Currently, a static level principle is utilized, a liquid level type or differential pressure type static level is adopted to monitor the stability of a base rock mark, for example, a liquid level type static level is adopted to monitor the stability of the base rock mark for a Tianjin Li Qizhuang base rock mark, a differential pressure type static level is adopted to monitor the base rock mark of a sea river basin, the accuracy of the base rock mark is higher, but the measuring range is lower, the base rock mark needs to be recalibrated after exceeding the measuring range, errors are introduced, the size is large, a certain influence exists on the level measuring function of the base rock mark, and the base rock mark is generally used for short-range monitoring; the latter has a large measuring range, but relatively high accuracy, and is mostly used for remote monitoring. Besides the stability of the base rock mark, the static level monitoring can be matched with the base rock mark for regional ground subsidence monitoring.
In summary, a monitoring system with small volume, wide measuring range and high precision, which can be used for monitoring the stability of a bedrock mark and monitoring the ground subsidence of an auxiliary area, is needed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a system for monitoring the stability of a base rock mark, which is used for continuously observing the stability of the base rock mark for a long time and monitoring the ground subsidence of an area.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the system comprises a sensing system, an acquisition, analysis and transmission system, a power supply system, a base rock mark, a fixing system, a display system and a reflecting system;
the sensing system comprises two laser displacement sensors and a temperature sensor, and is used for sensing basic rock mark displacement data and environment temperature data;
the acquisition analysis transmission system comprises an acquisition module, a control analysis module and a communication module, and is used for acquiring and analyzing the data of the perception system and transmitting the original and analyzed data to the display system for display;
the power supply system comprises a photovoltaic panel, a storage battery pack and a charging converter, and provides direct-current 24V electric energy for the sensing system and the acquisition, analysis and transmission system;
the base rock mark comprises a base rock mark main mark and a base rock mark auxiliary mark;
the fixing system comprises three hoops and two fixing plates, and is used for fixing modules and equipment of the reflecting system and the sensing system;
the display system comprises a cloud platform server and is used for displaying system data;
the reflecting system comprises a reflecting supporting plate and a reflecting plate and is used for reflecting the laser beam in the laser displacement sensor of the sensing system;
two of the three hoops fix the two fixing plates on the main standard of the base rock mark, and the other hoop fixes the light reflecting supporting plate on the auxiliary standard of the base rock mark;
two laser displacement sensors are respectively arranged on the two fixing plates, one of the laser displacement sensors is opposite to the reflecting supporting plate, the laser beam of the laser displacement sensor is ensured to orthographically reflect the reflecting supporting plate, the reflecting plate is arranged on the ground, the laser beam of the other laser displacement sensor is ensured to orthographically reflect the reflecting plate, and the projection of the reflecting plate and the reflecting supporting plate in the vertical direction is ensured not to be overlapped;
the sensing system is connected with the acquisition, analysis and transmission system, the two laser displacement sensors and the temperature sensor are electrically connected with the acquisition module, the acquisition module acquires data of the laser displacement sensors and the temperature sensor through a 4-20mA analog acquisition interface, and the acquisition module supplies power for the laser displacement sensors and the temperature sensor through a DC 24V external power supply interface;
the power supply system is connected with the acquisition, analysis and transmission system and is used for providing electric energy for the acquisition, analysis and transmission system, and the photovoltaic panel, the storage battery pack and the control and analysis module are respectively and electrically connected with the charging converter;
in the acquisition analysis transmission system, an acquisition module and a communication module are respectively and electrically connected with a control analysis module, the control analysis module provides DC 24V electric energy for the acquisition module and the communication module, the acquisition module and the communication module communicate with the control analysis module by adopting an RS-485 bus and a MODBUS-RTU protocol, the control analysis module is a master station, and the acquisition module and the communication module are slave stations.
Under the condition of sufficient sunlight, the photovoltaic panel charges the storage battery pack through the charging converter and supplies power for the control analysis module; under the condition of insufficient sunlight, the storage battery pack supplies power for the control analysis module through the charging converter.
The control analysis module comprises a Beidou time service system, a parameter setting system, a timing system, a data analysis system and a protocol packaging system;
the Beidou time service system provides accurate time service for the system by using a Beidou satellite navigation system;
the parameter setting system is used for setting the data frequency of the acquisition sensor of the acquisition, analysis and transmission system and the data frequency of the regular reporting;
the timing system provides two timers, including a first timer and a second timer, wherein the first timer starts the control analysis module to acquire the data acquired by the acquisition module according to the data frequency of the acquisition sensor set by the parameter setting system at fixed time; the second timer periodically starts the control analysis module to send the original data and the analysis processed data to the communication module according to the frequency of the data reported at the timing set by the parameter setting system;
the data analysis system analyzes the data of the two laser displacement sensors acquired from the acquisition module;
the protocol packaging system packages the acquired original data and the data after analysis and processing according to the specification of the hydrological communication protocol, the control analysis module sends the message to the communication module through the RS-485 bus, the communication module sends the data to the display system through one communication mode of 4G, GPRS and Beidou short messages, and the display system displays the received data through the cloud platform server.
The fixing plate, the reflecting supporting plate and the reflecting plate are made of tile steel, and the throat hoop is made of stainless steel.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention can replace a static level monitoring system for monitoring the stability of a base rock mark and the subsidence of the ground, adopts a laser displacement sensor for distance measurement, has the advantages of small volume, high sensitivity, small influence of temperature difference and large measuring range compared with a liquid level type static level, has the advantages of high precision, low system complexity and the like compared with a differential pressure type static level, has a remote communication function, and can display the state of the base rock mark and the subsidence of the ground in real time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic landmark stability monitoring system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a specific control analysis communication of each subsystem of the control analysis module during normal operation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and that all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", etc. are based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "configured to," "engaged with," "connected to," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the base rock mark stability monitoring system comprises a sensing system, an acquisition, analysis and transmission system, a power supply system, a base rock mark, a fixing system, a display system and a reflecting system;
the sensing system comprises two laser displacement sensors 8 and a temperature sensor 9, and is used for sensing basic rock mark displacement data and environment temperature data;
the acquisition analysis transmission system comprises an acquisition module 10, a control analysis module 11 and a communication module 12, and is used for acquiring and analyzing the data of the sensing system and transmitting the original and analyzed data to the display system for display;
the power supply system comprises a photovoltaic panel 13, a storage battery pack 14 and a charging converter 15, and provides direct-current 24V electric energy for the sensing system and the acquisition, analysis and transmission system;
the base rock mark comprises a base rock mark main mark 16 and a base rock mark auxiliary mark 17;
the fixing system comprises three hoops 18 and two fixing plates 19, and is used for fixing modules and equipment of the reflecting system and the sensing system;
the display system comprises a cloud platform server 20 for displaying system data;
the reflecting system comprises a reflecting supporting plate 21 and a reflecting plate 22 and is used for reflecting the laser beams in the laser displacement sensor 8 of the sensing system;
two of the three hoops 18 fix two fixing plates 19 on the base logo main logo 16, and the other hoop 18 fixes the light reflecting supporting plate 21 on the base logo auxiliary logo 17;
two laser displacement sensors 8 are respectively arranged on two fixing plates 19, one of the laser displacement sensors 8 is opposite to the reflecting supporting plate 21, so that the laser beam of the laser displacement sensor 8 is ensured to orthographically reflect the reflecting supporting plate 21, the reflecting plate 22 is arranged on the ground, the laser beam of the other laser displacement sensor 8 is ensured to orthographically reflect the reflecting plate 22, and the projection of the reflecting plate 22 and the reflecting supporting plate 21 in the vertical direction is ensured not to be overlapped;
the sensing system is connected with the acquisition, analysis and transmission system, the two laser displacement sensors 8 and the temperature sensor 9 are electrically connected with the acquisition module 10, the acquisition module 10 acquires data of the laser displacement sensors 8 and the temperature sensor 9 through a 4-20mA analog acquisition interface, and the acquisition module 10 supplies power to the laser displacement sensors 8 and the temperature sensor 9 through a DC 24V external power supply interface;
the power supply system is connected with the acquisition, analysis and transmission system and is used for providing electric energy for the acquisition, analysis and transmission system, and the photovoltaic panel 13, the storage battery pack 14 and the control and analysis module 11 are respectively and electrically connected with the charging converter 15; under the condition of sufficient sunlight, the photovoltaic panel 13 charges the storage battery pack 14 through the charging converter 15 and supplies power for the control analysis module 11; in the case of insufficient sunlight, the battery pack 14 supplies power to the control analysis module 11 via the charging converter 15.
In the acquisition analysis transmission system, an acquisition module 10 and a communication module 12 are respectively and electrically connected with a control analysis module 11, the control analysis module 11 provides DC 24V electric energy for the acquisition module 10 and the communication module 12, the acquisition module 10 and the communication module 12 communicate with the control analysis module 11 by adopting an RS-485 bus and a MODBUS-RTU protocol, the control analysis module 11 is a master station, and the acquisition module 10 and the communication module 12 are slave stations.
The control analysis module 11 comprises a Beidou time service system, a parameter setting system, a timing system, a data analysis system and a protocol packaging system;
the Beidou time service system provides accurate time service for the system by using a Beidou satellite navigation system;
the parameter setting system is used for setting the data frequency of the acquisition sensor of the acquisition, analysis and transmission system and the data frequency of the regular reporting;
the timing system provides two timers, including a first timer and a second timer, wherein the first timer starts the control analysis module 11 to acquire the data acquired by the acquisition module 10 according to the data frequency of the acquisition sensor set by the parameter setting system at fixed time; the second timer periodically starts the control analysis module 11 to send the original data and the analysis processed data to the communication module 12 according to the frequency of the periodically reported data set by the parameter setting system;
the data analysis system analyzes the data of the two laser displacement sensors 8 acquired from the acquisition module 10;
the protocol packaging system packages the acquired original data and the data after analysis and processing according to the specification of the hydrological communication protocol, the control analysis module 11 sends the message to the communication module 12 through the RS-485 bus, the communication module 12 sends the data to the display system through one communication mode of 4G, GPRS and Beidou short messages, and the display system displays the received data through the cloud platform server 20.
The fixing plate 19, the light reflecting supporting plate 21 and the light reflecting plate 22 are made of tile steel, and the throat hoop 18 is made of stainless steel.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, two fixing plates 19 are fixed to the base mark primary standard 16 using two of three ferrules 18, and a light reflecting pallet 21 is fixed to the base mark secondary standard 17 using another one of the ferrules 18;
two laser displacement sensors 8 are respectively arranged on two fixing plates 19, one of the laser displacement sensors 8 is opposite to the reflective supporting plate 21, and the laser beam of the laser displacement sensor 8 is ensured to orthographically irradiate the reflective supporting plate 21;
mounting the temperature sensor 9 on a wall;
placing the reflecting plate 22 on the ground to ensure that the laser beam of the other laser displacement sensor 8 is perpendicularly incident to the reflecting plate 22;
ensuring that the projections of the reflecting plate 22 and the reflecting supporting plate 21 in the vertical direction are not overlapped;
mounting the photovoltaic panel 13 on the sunny side of the outdoor wall;
the storage battery pack 14, the charging converter 15, the acquisition module 10, the control analysis module 11 and the communication module 12 are fixed on an indoor wall;
punching a hole in the wall, through which a photovoltaic panel 13 is electrically connected to a charging converter 15 using an electric wire;
the storage battery 14 and the control analysis module 11 are respectively and electrically connected with the charging converter 15;
the laser displacement sensor 8 and the temperature sensor 9 are electrically connected with the acquisition module 10;
the acquisition module 10 and the communication module 12 are respectively and electrically connected with the control analysis module 11;
after the system is installed, powering up;
parameters such as the data frequency of the acquisition sensor of the acquisition, analysis and transmission system, the data frequency of the regular reporting and the like are set through a parameter setting system 24;
at this time, the system automatically collects and analyzes the data of the two laser displacement sensors 8 and the temperature sensor 9, and sends the raw data and the processed data to the cloud platform server 20 of the display system through the communication module 12 for viewing by professionals.
As shown in fig. 2, during normal operation of the system, the specific control analysis communication flow of each subsystem of the control analysis module 11 is as follows:
step s1: the first timer reaches the preset time for the first time, and the control analysis module 11 acquires and stores the displacement data A of the laser displacement sensor 8 which is opposite to the reflective support plate 21 and the laser displacement sensor 8 which is opposite to the reflective plate 22 and is acquired by the acquisition module 10 0 、B 0 Time point data T of Beidou time service system corresponding to moment 0 Temperature data K of temperature sensor 9 0 ；
Step s2: the first timer reaches preset time at any ith time, and the control analysis module 11 acquires and stores the displacement data A of the laser displacement sensor 8 which is opposite to the reflective support plate 21 and the laser displacement sensor 8 which is opposite to the reflective plate 22 and is acquired by the acquisition module 10 i 、B i Time point data T of Beidou time service system 23 corresponding to time point i Temperature data K of temperature sensor 9 i ；
Step s3: calculating any ith time T of first timer by data analysis system i When the moment reaches the preset time, the displacement X of the main standard 16 of the basic standard relative to the auxiliary standard 17 of the basic standard i Rate of displacement V Xi The formula isThe base rock mark main 16 is relative to the ground subsidence displacement Y i Rate of displacement V Yi The formula is->Ground relative to base rock mark auxiliary mark 17 settlement displacement Z i Rate of displacement V Zi The formula is->
Step s4: the second timer reaches the preset time, and the original data collected in the running time of the second timer and the analyzed and processed data are packaged in a message protocol through a protocol packaging system;
step s5: the control analysis module 11 sends the encapsulated message to the communication module 12 through the RS-485 bus, and the communication module 12 sends the encapsulated message to the display system through one communication mode of 4G, GPRS, beidou short message and the like.
The above-described embodiments are only for illustrating the technical spirit and features of the present invention, and it is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and to implement it accordingly, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, i.e. equivalent changes or modifications to the spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The system is characterized by comprising a sensing system, an acquisition, analysis and transmission system, a power supply system, a base rock mark, a fixing system, a display system and a reflecting system;
the sensing system comprises two laser displacement sensors (8) and a temperature sensor (9) and is used for sensing basic rock standard displacement data and environment temperature data;
the acquisition analysis transmission system comprises an acquisition module (10), a control analysis module (11) and a communication module (12) and is used for acquiring and analyzing the data of the perception system and transmitting the original and analyzed data to the display system for display;
the power supply system comprises a photovoltaic panel (13), a storage battery pack (14) and a charging converter (15) and provides direct-current 24V electric energy for the sensing system and the acquisition, analysis and transmission system;
the base rock mark comprises a base rock mark main mark (16) and a base rock mark auxiliary mark (17);
the fixing system comprises three hoops (18) and two fixing plates (19) for fixing modules and equipment of the reflecting system and the sensing system;
the display system comprises a cloud platform server (20) and is used for displaying system data;
the reflecting system comprises a reflecting supporting plate (21) and a reflecting plate (22) and is used for reflecting the laser beam in the laser displacement sensor (8) of the sensing system;
two of the three hoops (18) fix two fixing plates (19) on a base rock mark main mark (16), and the other hoop (18) fixes a light reflecting supporting plate (21) on a base rock mark auxiliary mark (17);
two laser displacement sensors (8) are respectively arranged on two fixing plates (19), one of the two laser displacement sensors is opposite to the reflecting support plate (21), the laser beam of the laser displacement sensor is ensured to orthographically irradiate the reflecting support plate (21), the reflecting plate (22) is arranged on the ground, the laser beam of the other laser displacement sensor is ensured to orthographically irradiate the reflecting plate (22), and the projection of the reflecting plate (22) and the reflecting support plate (21) in the vertical direction is ensured to be free from overlapping;
the sensing system is connected with the acquisition, analysis and transmission system, the two laser displacement sensors (8) and the temperature sensor (9) are electrically connected with the acquisition module (10), the acquisition module (10) acquires data of the laser displacement sensors (8) and the temperature sensor (9) through a 4-20mA analog acquisition interface, and the acquisition module (10) supplies power for the laser displacement sensors (8) and the temperature sensor (9) through a DC 24V external power supply interface;
the power supply system is connected with the acquisition, analysis and transmission system and is used for providing electric energy for the acquisition, analysis and transmission system, and the photovoltaic panel (13), the storage battery pack (14) and the control and analysis module (11) are respectively and electrically connected with the charging converter (15);
in the acquisition analysis transmission system, an acquisition module (10) and a communication module (12) are respectively electrically connected with a control analysis module (11), the control analysis module (11) provides DC 24V electric energy for the acquisition module (10) and the communication module (12), the acquisition module (10) and the communication module (12) communicate with the control analysis module (11) by adopting an RS-485 bus and a MODBUS-RTU protocol, the control analysis module (11) is a master station, and the acquisition module (10) and the communication module (12) are slave stations.
2. The bedrock mark stability monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the photovoltaic panel (13) charges the battery pack (14) and powers the control analysis module (11) through the charge converter (15) in the daylight-rich condition; in the case of insufficient sunlight, the storage battery (14) supplies power to the control analysis module (11) through the charging converter (15).
3. The bedrock mark stability monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the control analysis module (11) comprises a beidou time service system, a parameter setting system, a timing system, a data analysis system and a protocol encapsulation system;
the Beidou time service system provides accurate time service for the system by using a Beidou satellite navigation system;
the parameter setting system is used for setting the data frequency of the acquisition sensor of the acquisition, analysis and transmission system and the data frequency of the regular reporting;
the timing system provides two timers, including a first timer and a second timer, wherein the first timer periodically starts the control analysis module (11) to acquire the data acquired by the acquisition module (10) according to the data frequency of the acquisition sensor set by the parameter setting system; the second timer periodically starts the control analysis module (11) to send the original data and the analysis processed data to the communication module (12) according to the frequency of the data which is reported at the timing set by the parameter setting system;
the data analysis system analyzes the data of the two laser displacement sensors (8) acquired from the acquisition module (10);
the protocol packaging system packages the acquired original data and the data after analysis and processing according to the specification of the hydrological communication protocol, the control analysis module (11) sends the message to the communication module (12) through the RS-485 bus, the communication module (12) sends the data to the display system through one communication mode of 4G, GPRS and Beidou short message, and the display system displays the received data through the cloud platform server (20).
4. The system for monitoring the stability of the bedrock mark according to claim 1, wherein the fixing plate (19), the reflecting supporting plate (21) and the reflecting plate (22) are made of invar steel, and the throat hoop (18) is made of stainless steel.
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