CN114791279A - Basement rock mark stability monitoring system - Google Patents
Basement rock mark stability monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114791279A CN114791279A CN202111437810.XA CN202111437810A CN114791279A CN 114791279 A CN114791279 A CN 114791279A CN 202111437810 A CN202111437810 A CN 202111437810A CN 114791279 A CN114791279 A CN 114791279A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system for monitoring stability of a bedrock mark, which comprises a sensing system, an acquisition, analysis and transmission system, a power supply system, a bedrock mark, a fixing system, a display system and a light reflecting system. The system can replace a static level monitoring system to be used for monitoring stability of the bedrock marks and ground settlement, adopts the laser displacement sensor to measure the distance, has the advantages of small size, high sensitivity, small influence of temperature difference and large measuring range compared with a liquid-level static level, has the advantages of high precision, low system complexity and the like compared with a differential-pressure static level, has a remote communication function, and can display the states of the bedrock marks and the ground settlement in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bedrock marks and ground settlement monitoring, in particular to a bedrock mark stability monitoring system.
Background
The bedrock mark is generally buried on a stable bedrock as a leveling base point, and is mainly used for leveling and geological change observation, such as providing a height level for large-scale engineering construction, seismic observation and the like.
The bedrock mark mainly comprises a main mark and an auxiliary mark, wherein the main mark is used as a level point, and the auxiliary mark is also called a retaining wall pipe and mainly plays a role in protecting the main mark. According to the depth of the buried-standard bedrock, bedrock marks can be divided into shallow marks and deep marks, the shallow marks are more than dozens of meters deep than the bedrock marks on the shallow bedrock, the deep marks are more than one hundred meters deep or even kilometers deep, the bedrock marks based on the deep stable bedrock have better deep surface stability than the shallow marks in most cases.
The stability of the bedrock marks buried in the stable bedrock is superior to that of the common bedrock level, but a certain instability phenomenon exists, for example, shallow bedrock marks are still influenced by the underground water level and have stable elevation, deep bedrock marks are influenced by bedrock hardness and construction, secondary marks sink after cutting bedrock, the stability of a main mark is influenced, and the like.
The monitoring of the stability of the bedrock marker is mainly based on precise leveling measurement, but the precise leveling combined measurement is mainly used for verifying the actual elevation, the time consumption is more frequent in the period, a large amount of manpower is consumed, and continuous observation cannot be carried out. At present, a hydrostatic leveling principle is utilized, a liquid level type or differential hydrostatic leveling instrument is adopted to monitor stability of a bedrock standard, for example, a Tianjin Liqizhu bedrock standard adopts the liquid level type hydrostatic leveling instrument to monitor stability of the bedrock standard, a sea river basin bedrock standard adopts the differential hydrostatic leveling instrument to monitor, the precision of the former is higher, but the measuring range is lower, the bedrock standard needs to be calibrated again after exceeding the measuring range, an error can be introduced from the error, the volume is large, certain influence exists on the bedrock standard leveling function, and the method is generally used for short-range monitoring; the latter has large range but relatively high precision and is mainly used for remote monitoring. The static leveling monitoring can be matched with the bedrock marks for monitoring regional ground settlement besides monitoring the stability of the bedrock marks.
In summary, there is a need for a continuous observation monitoring system with small size, wide measurement range and high precision, which is used for monitoring stability of bedrock markers and assisting in monitoring ground settlement in areas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a system for monitoring the stability of a bedrock standard, continuously observing the stability of the bedrock standard for a long time and monitoring the ground settlement of an area.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a system for monitoring stability of bedrock marks comprises a sensing system, a collecting, analyzing and transmitting system, a power supply system, bedrock marks, a fixing system, a display system and a light reflecting system;
the sensing system comprises two laser displacement sensors and a temperature sensor and is used for sensing displacement data and environmental temperature data of the bedrock marker;
the acquisition, analysis and transmission system comprises an acquisition module, a control analysis module and a communication module, and is used for acquiring and analyzing the data of the sensing system and transmitting the original and analyzed data to the display system for display;
the power supply system comprises a photovoltaic panel, a storage battery pack and a charging converter, and provides direct current 24V electric energy for the sensing system and the acquisition, analysis and transmission system;
the bedrock mark comprises a bedrock mark main mark and a bedrock mark auxiliary mark;
the fixing system comprises three hose hoops, two fixing plates, a module for fixing the reflecting system and the sensing system and equipment;
the display system comprises a cloud platform server used for displaying system data;
the light reflecting system comprises a light reflecting supporting plate and a light reflecting plate and is used for reflecting laser beams in the sensor of the laser displacement sensor of the sensing system;
two fixing plates are fixed on the bedrock mark main mark by two of the three throat hoops, and the light-reflecting supporting plate is fixed on the bedrock mark auxiliary mark by the other throat hoop;
the two laser displacement sensors are respectively arranged on the two fixing plates, one of the two laser displacement sensors is over against the reflecting support plate, so that the laser beam of the laser displacement sensor is ensured to be orthogonalized with the reflecting support plate, the reflector is placed on the ground, the laser beam of the other laser displacement sensor is ensured to be orthogonalized with the reflector, and the reflector and the reflecting support plate are ensured not to be overlapped in the vertical projection;
the sensing system is connected with the acquisition, analysis and transmission system, the two laser displacement sensors and the temperature sensor are electrically connected with the acquisition module, the acquisition module acquires data of the laser displacement sensors and the temperature sensor through a 4-20mA analog quantity acquisition interface, and the acquisition module supplies power to the laser displacement sensors and the temperature sensor through a DC 24V external power supply interface;
the power supply system is connected with the acquisition, analysis and transmission system and provides electric energy for the acquisition, analysis and transmission system, and the photovoltaic panel, the storage battery pack and the control and analysis module are respectively and electrically connected with the charging converter;
in the acquisition analysis transmission system, an acquisition module and a communication module are respectively electrically connected with a control analysis module, the control analysis module provides DC 24V electric energy for the acquisition module and the communication module, the acquisition module, the communication module and the control analysis module adopt RS-485 buses and MODBUS-RTU protocols for communication, the control analysis module is a master station, and the acquisition module and the communication module are slave stations.
Under the condition of sufficient sunlight, the photovoltaic panel charges the storage battery pack through the charging converter and supplies power to the control analysis module; and under the condition of insufficient sunlight, the storage battery pack supplies power to the control analysis module through the charging converter.
The control analysis module comprises a Beidou time service system, a parameter setting system, a timing system, a data analysis system and a protocol encapsulation system;
the Beidou time service system provides accurate time service for the system by using a Beidou satellite navigation system;
the parameter setting system is used for setting the data frequency of the acquisition analysis transmission system for acquiring the sensor and reporting the data frequency at regular time;
the timing system provides two timers comprising a timer 1 and a timer 2, wherein the timer 1 starts the control analysis module to acquire the data acquired by the acquisition module at regular time according to the data frequency of the acquisition sensor set by the parameter setting system; the timer 2 starts a control analysis module to send original data and analysis processed data to the communication module at fixed time according to the frequency of the fixed time reported data set by the parameter setting system;
the data analysis system analyzes the data of the two laser displacement sensors acquired from the acquisition module;
the protocol packaging system packages a message protocol according to hydrologic communication protocol regulations on collected original data and data after analysis and processing, the control analysis module sends the message to the communication module through an RS-485 bus, the communication module sends the packaged message to the display system through one of 4G, GPRS and Beidou short messages, and the display system displays the received data through a cloud platform server.
The fixed plate, the light reflecting supporting plate and the light reflecting plate are made of invar steel, and the hose clamp is made of stainless steel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device can replace a static level monitoring system to be used for monitoring stability of the bedrock marks and ground settlement, adopts the laser displacement sensor to measure distance, has the advantages of small size, high sensitivity, small influence of temperature difference and large measuring range compared with a liquid level type static level, has the advantages of high precision, low system complexity and the like compared with a differential pressure type static level, and has a remote communication function and can display the states of the bedrock marks and the ground settlement in real time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bedrock marker stability monitoring system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a communication flow chart of the control analysis of each subsystem of the control analysis module during the normal operation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "provided", "fitted/connected", "connected", and the like, are to be interpreted broadly, such as "connected", which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for monitoring stability of bedrock marks of the present invention comprises a sensing system, a collecting, analyzing and transmitting system, a power supply system, bedrock marks, a fixing system, a display system and a light reflecting system;
the sensing system comprises two laser displacement sensors 8 and a temperature sensor 9 and is used for sensing displacement data of the bedrock mark and environmental temperature data;
the acquisition, analysis and transmission system comprises an acquisition module 10, a control and analysis module 11 and a communication module 12, and is used for acquiring and analyzing the data of the sensing system and transmitting the original and analyzed data to the display system for display;
the power supply system comprises a photovoltaic panel 13, a storage battery pack 14 and a charging converter 15, and provides direct current 24V electric energy for the sensing system and the acquisition, analysis and transmission system;
the bedrock mark comprises a bedrock mark main mark 16 and a bedrock mark auxiliary mark 17;
the fixing system comprises three hose clamps 18 and two fixing plates 19 and is used for fixing modules and equipment of the reflecting system and the sensing system;
the display system comprises a cloud platform server 20 used for displaying system data;
the light reflecting system comprises a light reflecting supporting plate 21 and a light reflecting plate 22 and is used for reflecting laser beams in the laser displacement sensor 9 of the sensing system;
two fixing plates 19 are fixed on the bedrock mark main mark 16 by two of the three throat hoops 18, and a reflecting supporting plate 21 is fixed on the bedrock mark auxiliary mark 17 by the other throat hoop 18;
the two laser displacement sensors 8 are respectively arranged on the two fixing plates 19, one laser displacement sensor 8 is over against the reflecting support plate 21, so that the laser beam of the laser displacement sensor 8 is ensured to be orthographically reflected on the reflecting support plate 21, the reflecting plate 22 is placed on the ground, the laser beam of the other laser displacement sensor 8 is ensured to be orthographically reflected on the reflecting plate 22, and the projections of the reflecting plate 22 and the reflecting support plate 21 in the vertical direction are not overlapped;
the sensing system is connected with the acquisition, analysis and transmission system, the two laser displacement sensors 8 and the temperature sensor 9 are electrically connected with the acquisition module 10, the acquisition module 10 acquires data of the laser displacement sensors 8 and the temperature sensor 9 through a 4-20mA analog quantity acquisition interface, and the acquisition module 10 supplies power to the laser displacement sensors 8 and the temperature sensor 9 through a DC 24V external power supply interface;
the power supply system is connected with the acquisition, analysis and transmission system and provides electric energy for the acquisition, analysis and transmission system, and the photovoltaic panel 13, the storage battery pack 14 and the control and analysis module 11 are respectively and electrically connected with the charging converter 15; under the condition of sufficient sunlight, the photovoltaic panel 13 charges the storage battery pack 14 through the charging converter 15 and supplies power to the control analysis module 11; in the case of insufficient sunlight, the battery pack 14 supplies power to the control and evaluation module 11 via the charging converter 15.
In the acquisition analysis transmission system, an acquisition module 10 and a communication module 12 are respectively electrically connected with a control analysis module 11, the control analysis module 11 provides DC 24V electric energy for the acquisition module 10 and the communication module 12, the acquisition module 10, the communication module 12 and the control analysis module 11 adopt an RS-485 bus and an MODBUS-RTU protocol for communication, the control analysis module 11 is a master station, and the acquisition module 10 and the communication module 12 are slave stations.
The control analysis module 11 comprises a Beidou time service system, a parameter setting system, a timing system, a data analysis system and a protocol encapsulation system;
the Beidou time service system provides precise time service for the system by using a Beidou satellite navigation system;
the parameter setting system is used for setting the data frequency of the acquisition analysis transmission system for acquiring the sensor and reporting the data frequency at regular time;
the timing system provides two timers comprising a timer 1 and a timer 2, wherein the timer 1 starts the control analysis module 11 to acquire the data acquired by the acquisition module 10 at regular time according to the data frequency of the acquisition sensor set by the parameter setting system; the timer 2 starts the control analysis module 11 to send the original data and the analyzed data to the communication module 12 at a fixed time according to the frequency of the fixed-time reported data set by the parameter setting system;
the data analysis system analyzes the data of the two laser displacement sensors 8 acquired from the acquisition module 10;
the protocol encapsulation system encapsulates the message protocol according to the hydrological communication protocol rule on the acquired original data and the data after analysis and processing, the control analysis module 11 sends the message to the communication module 12 through the RS-485 bus, the communication module 12 sends the encapsulated message to the display system through one communication mode of 4G, GPRS and Beidou short messages, and the display system displays the received data through the cloud platform server 20.
The fixed plate 19, the reflective supporting plate 21 and the reflective plate 22 are made of invar steel, and the throat hoop 18 is made of stainless steel.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, two fixing plates 19 are fixed on the bedrock mark main mark 16 by using two of the three throat hoops 18, and the reflecting supporting plate 21 is fixed on the bedrock mark auxiliary mark 17 by using the other throat hoop 18;
two laser displacement sensors 8 are respectively arranged on two fixing plates 19, wherein one laser displacement sensor 8 is over against a reflective supporting plate 21, so that a laser beam of the laser displacement sensor 8 is ensured to be orthographically reflected to the reflective supporting plate 21;
the temperature sensor 9 is mounted on the wall;
placing the reflector 22 on the ground to ensure that the laser beam of the other laser displacement sensor 8 is orthographically reflected on the reflector 22;
the projection of the reflecting plate 22 and the reflecting supporting plate 21 in the vertical direction is not overlapped;
installing the photovoltaic panel 13 on the sunny side of the outdoor wall;
fixing a storage battery pack 14, a charging converter 15, an acquisition module 10, a control analysis module 11 and a communication module 12 on an indoor wall;
a hole is made in the wall, through which the photovoltaic panel 13 is electrically connected to the charging converter 15 using an electric wire;
the storage battery pack 14 and the control analysis module 11 are respectively and electrically connected with the charging converter 15;
electrically connecting the laser displacement sensor 8 and the temperature sensor 9 with the acquisition module 10;
the acquisition module 10 and the communication module 12 are respectively and electrically connected with the control analysis module 11;
after the system is installed, electrifying;
parameters such as data frequency of a sensor acquired by an acquisition analysis transmission system, data frequency reported at regular time and the like are set by a parameter setting system 24;
at this moment, the system automatically collects and analyzes data of the two laser displacement sensors 8 and the temperature sensor 9, and sends the original data and the processed data to the cloud platform server 20 of the display system through the communication module 12 for a professional to check.
As shown in fig. 2, in the normal operation process of the system, the specific control analysis communication flow of each subsystem of the control analysis module 11 is as follows:
step s 1: the timer 1 reaches the preset time for the first time, and the control analysis module 11 acquires and stores the displacement data a of the laser displacement sensor 8 facing the reflective supporting plate 21 and the laser displacement sensor 8 facing the reflective plate 22, which are acquired by the acquisition module 10 0 、B 0 And the Beidou time service system corresponds to the time point data T at the moment 0 Temperature data K of the temperature sensor 9 0 ；
Step s 2: when the timer 1 reaches the preset time at any ith time, the control analysis module 11 acquires and stores the displacement data A of the laser displacement sensor 8 opposite to the reflective supporting plate 21 and the laser displacement sensor 8 opposite to the reflective plate 22, which are acquired by the acquisition module 10 i 、B i And the Beidou time service system 23 corresponds to the time point data T at the moment i Temperature data K of the temperature sensor 9 i ；
Step s 3: calculating by the data analysis System any ith time T of the timer 1 i When the time reaches the preset time, the main marker 16 of the bedrock mark displaces X relative to the auxiliary marker 17 of the bedrock mark i And rate of displacement V Xi Is of the formula
Subsidence displacement Y of bedrock mark main 16 relative to ground i And rate of displacement V Yi Is of the formula
Subsidence displacement Z of ground relative to bedrock mark auxiliary mark 17 i And rate of displacement V Zi Is of the formula
Step s 4: when the timer 2 reaches the preset time, packaging the message protocol by the original data collected in the running time of the timer 2 and the analyzed and processed data through a protocol packaging system;
step s 5: the control analysis module 11 sends the encapsulated message to the communication module 12 through an RS-485 bus, and the communication module 12 sends the encapsulated message to the display system through one communication mode of 4G, GPRS, beidou short message and the like.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and to implement the present invention accordingly, but not to limit the scope of the present invention by only the embodiments, i.e. all equivalent changes or modifications made within the spirit of the present invention disclosed in the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A system for monitoring stability of bedrock marks is characterized by comprising a sensing system, an acquisition, analysis and transmission system, a power supply system, bedrock marks, a fixing system, a display system and a light reflecting system;
the sensing system comprises two laser displacement sensors (8) and a temperature sensor (9) and is used for sensing displacement data of the bedrock mark and environmental temperature data;
the acquisition, analysis and transmission system comprises an acquisition module (10), a control and analysis module (11) and a communication module (12) and is used for acquiring and analyzing the data of the sensing system and transmitting the original and analyzed data to the display system for display;
the power supply system comprises a photovoltaic panel (13), a storage battery pack (14) and a charging converter (15), and provides direct current 24V electric energy for the sensing system and the acquisition, analysis and transmission system;
the bedrock mark comprises a bedrock mark main mark (16) and a bedrock mark auxiliary mark (17);
the fixing system comprises three hose clamps (18) and two fixing plates (19) and is used for fixing modules and equipment of the reflecting system and the sensing system;
the display system comprises a cloud platform server (20) for displaying system data;
the light reflecting system comprises a light reflecting supporting plate (21) and a light reflecting plate (22) and is used for reflecting laser beams in a laser displacement sensor (9) of the sensing system;
two fixing plates (19) are fixed on the bedrock mark main mark (16) by two of the three throat hoops (18), and a reflective supporting plate (21) is fixed on the bedrock mark auxiliary mark (17) by the other throat hoop (18);
the two laser displacement sensors (8) are respectively arranged on the two fixing plates (19), one of the two laser displacement sensors is over against the reflecting supporting plate (21) to ensure that the laser beams of the laser displacement sensors are orthogonalized with the reflecting supporting plate (21), the reflecting plate (22) is placed on the ground to ensure that the laser beams of the other laser displacement sensor are orthogonalized with the reflecting plate (22), and the projections of the reflecting plate (22) and the reflecting supporting plate (21) in the vertical direction are not overlapped;
the sensing system is connected with the acquisition, analysis and transmission system, the two laser displacement sensors (8) and the temperature sensor (9) are electrically connected with the acquisition module (10), the acquisition module (10) acquires data of the laser displacement sensors (8) and the temperature sensor (9) through a 4-20mA analog quantity acquisition interface, and the acquisition module (10) supplies power to the laser displacement sensors (8) and the temperature sensor (9) through a DC 24V external power supply interface;
the power supply system is connected with the acquisition, analysis and transmission system and provides electric energy for the acquisition, analysis and transmission system, and the photovoltaic panel (13), the storage battery (14) and the control and analysis module (11) are respectively and electrically connected with the charging converter (15);
in the acquisition analysis transmission system, an acquisition module (10) and a communication module (12) are respectively electrically connected with a control analysis module (11), the control analysis module (11) provides DC 24V electric energy for the acquisition module (10) and the communication module (12), the acquisition module (10) and the communication module (12) communicate with the control analysis module (11) by adopting an RS-485 bus and an MODBUS-RTU protocol, the control analysis module (11) is a master station, and the acquisition module (10) and the communication module (12) are slave stations.
2. A bedrock stability monitoring system according to claim 1, characterised in that, in the presence of sufficient sunlight, the photovoltaic panel (13) charges the battery pack (14) and powers the control and analysis module (11) via a charging converter (15); under the condition of insufficient sunlight, the storage battery pack (14) supplies power to the control analysis module (11) through the charging converter (15).
3. The bedrock mark stability monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the control analysis module (11) comprises a Beidou time service system, a parameter setting system, a timing system, a data analysis system and a protocol encapsulation system;
the Beidou time service system provides accurate time service for the system by using a Beidou satellite navigation system;
the parameter setting system is used for setting the data frequency of the acquisition analysis transmission system for acquiring the sensor and reporting the data frequency at regular time;
the timing system provides two timers comprising a timer 1 and a timer 2, wherein the timer 1 starts the control analysis module (11) to acquire data acquired by the acquisition module (10) at regular time according to the data frequency of the acquisition sensor set by the parameter setting system; the timer 2 starts the control analysis module (11) to send original data and analysis processed data to the communication module (12) at fixed time according to the fixed time reporting data frequency set by the parameter setting system;
the data analysis system analyzes the data of the two laser displacement sensors (8) acquired from the acquisition module (10);
the protocol packaging system packages a message protocol according to hydrology communication protocol regulations on collected original data and data after analysis and processing, the control analysis module (11) sends the message to the communication module (12) through an RS-485 bus, the communication module (12) sends the data to the display system through one of 4G, GPRS and Beidou short messages, and the display system displays the received data through the cloud platform service end (20).
4. A bedrock marker stability monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the fixing plate (19), reflective support plate (21) and reflective plate (22) are invar steel and the throat hoop (18) is stainless steel.
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