CN104197852B - Reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring system - Google Patents
Reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104197852B CN104197852B CN201410450695.3A CN201410450695A CN104197852B CN 104197852 B CN104197852 B CN 104197852B CN 201410450695 A CN201410450695 A CN 201410450695A CN 104197852 B CN104197852 B CN 104197852B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring system, it includes Trigger jitter detection device and centralized manager, centralized manager is arranged on one end of dam body, ray with centralized manager as end points arranges several equally spaced datum marks, and is respectively provided with a Trigger jitter detection device in each datum；Described Trigger jitter detection device includes detector housing, image detection device, baffle mechanism, photographic head, detection controller and solar panel, and described centralized manager includes manager housing and arranges the Switching Power Supply in manager housing, Management Controller, generating laser, speaker and laser via baffle mechanism.The present invention can carry out depression to reservoir dam and automatically detect with horizontal displacement, and not only product cost is low, certainty of measurement is high, stable performance, and easy for installation, affected greatly by geographical environment, maintenance cost low, practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reservoir dam monitoring system, specifically a kind of reservoir dam depression is supervised with horizontal displacement
Examining system.
Background technology
Dam is as the crucial multi-purpose project of great hydraulic engineering, and it is stable whether the safest is directly connected to whole water conservancy work
Other ancillary works of journey is properly functioning, and directly affects and decide the overall safety of great hydraulic engineering and design efficiency
Play, it is often more important that its stability and the security of the lives and property of the safe direct relation downstream area people, social economy
Build and ecological environment security etc..
Concrete dam and stone masonry dam build up water conservation reservoir use after, water pressure, silt pressute, wave pressure, uplift pressure with
And under the effect such as variations in temperature, dam body necessarily deforms.Deformation and various load actions and the change of influence factor of dam body
There is corresponding regular change, and within the range of permission, this is normal phenomenon.But, the abnormal deformation of dam body is then
The tendency of dam malicious event often.Before having an accident such as nineteen fifty-nine France Ma Erbasai arch dam, skewback there occurs abnormal deformation, as
Really this dam has carried out the deformation observation of system at run duration, grasps the deformation of skewback in time, adopts an effective measure, be to have
The accident that breaks down can be avoided that.Therefore, for ensureing concrete dam and the safe operation of stone masonry dam, it is necessary to dam body is carried out deformation and sees
Survey, deform the most normal under the influence of various load actions and relevant factor grasping dam at any time.Concrete dam and stone masonry dam
By at the bottom of the thrust of the horizontal directions such as water pressure and dam by uplift pressure effect upwards, have the trend downstream slided and topple, because of
This horizontal displacement observation to be carried out.Concrete and stone-laying all belong to elastomer, and under horizontal loads, dam body will occur amount of deflection,
Therefore also need to carry out deflection observation.The load actions such as dam body temperature influence and deadweight, will occur change in volume, and ground also will
There is depression, need to carry out vertical displacement (depression) observation.China started to carry out on dam on a large scale from the eighties in 20th century
Arrange monitoring system.
The classification method of Dam body displacement monitoring has: 1) according to the position of measuring point, be divided into dam body surface and internal displacement
Monitoring；2) according to measuring function, it is divided into horizontal displacement monitoring, vertical displacement monitoring and three-D displacement monitoring；3) according to monitoring
Seriality, is divided into artificial cycle monitoring and on-line continuous to monitor.Dam body surface displacement monitoring method includes two big classes: 1) basis
Basic point elevation and position, use theodolite, level gauge, electronic distance meter or laser collimator, GPS, intelligence total powerstation etc. to survey
Elevation and change in location at amount dam body surface monument, surveyor's beacon, this mode can realize the three-D displacement DATA REASONING of measuring point；2)
Install or bury underground the instrument of some monitoring displacements on dam body surface, this mode is typically only capable to measure the individual event displacement number of measuring point
According to.Dam body internal displacement monitoring is mainly realized by Embedded installation instrument, is typically only capable to monitor the individual event displacement data of measuring point
(horizontal displacement or vertical displacement).Conventional displacement monitoring instrument has displacement meter, crack gauge, dipmeter, sedimentometer, vertical line coordinate
Instrument, tensile-line instrument, multipoint displacement meter and strain gauge etc..
On-line checking research conditions is as follows the most both at home and abroad.
1, horizontal displacement on-line monitoring technique
Dam body horizontal displacement monitoring technology carries out supporting layout and phase with areal deformation monitoring, dam body vertical displacement monitoring etc.
Checking mutually.Common technology has an inclinometer technology, tension wire technology, just, reversed pendulum technology etc..
1.1 inclinometer technology
Inclinometer technology is mainly used in measuring dam body inner horizontal displacement, and operation principle is to measure inclinometer pipe axis and vertical
Variable angle amount between line, thus calculate the horizontal displacement size of soil layer each point.Inclinometer has movable inclinometer and fixes
Dividing of inclinometer.Movable inclinometer is for manual measurement, and fixing inclinometer can realize automatic on-line measurement.Its measuring method is
Sensor string is formed at a certain distance, according to transducer spacing (gauge length) and measured Dip countion by some stationary slope levels
The inclinometer pipe section that each sensor is corresponding moves, and forms the horizontal distortion curve of inclinometer pipe.Different according to sensor, fixing deviational survey
Instrument is divided into servo accelerometer formula, electrolyte type, resistance-strain chip etc..The method construction interference is less, measuring principle is theoretical
According to fully, stable performance, simple to operate, can be with on-line monitoring.When measurement hole depth is little, certainty of measurement meets requirement；But in hole
Time the biggest, internal laying sensor is more, and relatively costly, certainty of measurement is affected simultaneously.
1.2 tension wire technology
Tension wire type horizontal displacement meter is to utilize rustless steel steel wire that linear expansion coefficient is the least by dam body internal monitoring point
The observation room that horizontal displacement is delivered to outside dam, realizes dam body internal water prosposition by measuring steel wire to the relative displacement of fixing punctuate
The observation moved.By leading block, add one at its observation room end and fix counterweight or weight, when the flat measuring point of water in dam moves,
Drive steel wire moves, and at fixing punctuate, the displacement of steel wire adds that the displacement of self is the displacement of the flat measuring point of water in dam.
The method measurement result reproducible, precision is high, and measurement result is not by the such environmental effects such as atmospheric pressure and temperature,
Being made without atmospheric pressure compensation and temperature adjustmemt, long-time stability are good.But the method construction is complicated, safeguard inconvenience.Draw and open
Line technology can be used for monitoring the horizontal displacement of dam body surface, and principle is to use a rustless steel steel wire to apply to open at two-end-point
Power so that it is being projected as straight line thus measure the measured point offset distance relative to this straight line at horizontal plane.Compared with collimation line method, should
The datum line of method is the straight line of a physics.The feature of method of tension wire alignment is: little by ectocine, applies general in dam monitoring
Time.Its certainty of measurement depends primarily on accuracy of reading, uses the tension wire of linear CCD sensor to measure system and realizes automatically reading
Number, its range is several centimetres, and precision is better than ± 0.1mm.But the two ends of tension wire vertical line to be provided with, to provide measurement
Benchmark, objectively add the installation of system and safeguard use cost.The development trend of tension wire technology is two-way lead wire,
Displacement both horizontally and vertically can be observed simultaneously, improve observation rate.
1.3 just, reversed pendulum technology
Just, reversed pendulum both can realize dam body surface horizontal displacement monitoring, the deflection observation of earth dam can be realized again.Meanwhile,
The method again often and other method such as method of laser alignment, method of tension wire alignment with the use of.It is attached that vertical frontal line is that dam crest is fixed in one end
Closely, the other end hangs weight, so that between observation dam body each point and dam body is relative to the displacement of the dam foundation, and the amount of deflection of dam body is seen
Survey.Reversed pendulum is that one end is embedded at dam body foundation deep layer basement rock, and the other end floats, and measures the absolute displacement of dam body.This skill
Art is widely used in dam monitoring, and attains full development, and uses linear CCD sensor technology can realize automatic reading.
2 dam body vertical displacement on-line monitoring techniques
Dam body vertical displacement monitoring carries out supporting layout with dimensional deformation monitoring, dam body horizontal displacement monitoring etc. and mutually tests
Card.Primary metering method has connection tube method monitoring technology (static level method), horizontal stationary slope level monitoring technology, type vibration wire
Sedimentometer monitoring technology etc..
2.1 connection tube method on-line monitoring techniques
Utilize liquid communicating pipe two-port be in the principle of same level and be observed, dam body internal vertical displacement is supervised
That surveys is achieved in that: in dam body, design monitoring position arranges sedimentation gauge head, disposes a container in gauge head, be furnished with water inlet pipe,
Drain pipe and exhaustor, three Guan Shunpo guide to dam body outward appearance ell, and water inlet pipe (is marked graduated with measurement apparatus in observation room
Glass tubing) it is connected, make liquid level in glass tubing be in same water level elevation with the vessel level in gauge head by connection balance.
Drain pipe is to discharge exceeding the surplus liquid limiting water level in gauge head container, and water level in fixing gauge head container, by observation room
Glass tube water level in measurement apparatus can calculate gauge head elevation.Container is communicated by exhaustor with observation room air so that container
Interior liquid level is the free surface of identical atmospheric pressure with liquid level in glass tubing.The method measuring principle is simple, intuitive measurement results.
By water-column in the high sensor measurement glass tubing of certainty of measurement, it may be achieved on-line monitoring.But there is also following shortcoming: civil engineering
Construction workload is big, and measuring point pier concreting needs curing time, channel excavation to affect construction transportation, and construction interference is big, impact
Main body construction progress；Construction process requirement is higher, and gauge head and pipeline need to carry out the protection of necessity, and pipeline must be reliably connected；Right
Liquid has particular/special requirement, need to use the distilled water of aerofluxus, need to add anti-icing fluid at cold district；The life of environment suitable micro-organisms in pipe
Deposit, necessarily lead to affect the material that pipeline is unimpeded, cause measuring thrashing；Observation program and maintenance measure are complicated.Static(al) water
Quasi-instrument is also the important instrument of monitoring dam body surface vertical sedimentation, and measuring principle is identical with connecting pipe principle, according to starting datum mark
Elevation, by the discrepancy in elevation recorded communicating pipe, carry out the elevation of pilot measurement punctuate.Communicating pipe is by groups such as sebific duct, glass tubing and delineation chis
Become.This method is not affected by Atmosphere Refraction, is easily achieved the automatization of reading and transmission, and certainty of measurement is better than ± 0.1mm,
Vertical displacement monitoring is widely used.Hydrostatic level is measured reliable and stable, with the least because measurement requirement precision is high, long-term
Range pressure sensor measurement does not reaches this requirement.
2.2 horizontal stationary slope level monitoring technology
On design monitoring elevation, level lays inclinometer pipe, places by some horizontal stationary slope levels by between certain in pipe
Away from the sensor string of composition, fixing gradient meter sensor is used to measure the inclination angle of vertical direction, according to transducer spacing (gauge length)
The inclinometer pipe section corresponding with this sensor of measured Dip countion moves, and the algebraical sum that each sensor respective tube section moves is formed
Deformation curve be the sedimentation and deformation curve of inclinometer pipe.The method construction interference is less, quick and easy for installation, and measuring principle is managed
Opinion is according to fully, and the construction time can be observed, and is not required to auxiliary civil engineering, easily realizes on-line monitoring, sensor resolution
Height, certainty of measurement meets requirement, and observed result is subsidence curve, meets dam deformation rule.But the scope of measurement is little, is susceptible to
Differential settlement or dislocation, relatively big to measuring systematic influence, whether adapt to big sedimentation and deformation and need to be studied further checking.
2.3 vibrating wire settlement sensor monitoring technology
Vibrating wire settlement sensor is fixed on sedimentation plate, by fluid-through tube, distilled water (anti-icing fluid) is input to sedimentometer, shape
Becoming distilled water (anti-icing fluid) water column, the pressure that water column produces acts directly on the pressure-bearing mould of sensor, by measuring sensor
The change calculations of frequency goes out change value of pressure, can deduce the height of water column through conversion.Measuring water column liquid level elevation, it is heavy to calculate
Fall dish elevation.The method measuring principle is simple, constructs more convenient, and the construction time can be observed, it may be achieved on-line monitoring.But
There is pipeline blockage and antifreeze problem, if water-column is too high, certainty of measurement does not reaches code requirement.Absolute settlement accuracy of observation
Affected by measurement of the level precision.
3 three-D displacement on-line monitoring techniques
Above-mentioned various monitoring method is the horizontal displacement to deformation point and vertical displacement testing respectively, affects certainty of measurement,
Increasing difficulty of construction and workload, measurement data synchronism is bad.Along with measuring instrument and the development of the technology of measurement, the most
A large amount of employing real-time continuous can observe dam body areal deformation point horizontal displacement and the measurement technology of vertical displacement, due to measure is
The three-D displacement value of deformation point, therefore it is referred to as " three-D displacement monitoring ", major technique has high-precision intelligent total station instrument technique and GPS prison
Survey technology etc..
3.1 intelligence total station instrument techniques
Intelligence total station instrument technique, utilizes so-called robot measurement (MeasurementRobot, or title geodetic machine exactly
People Geo-robot) automatically search for, follow the tracks of, identification and accurately find accurately target and obtain angle, distance, three-dimensional coordinate and
The information such as image.Utilizing intelligence total powerstation to carry out automatization's deformation monitoring of tailing dam, the monitoring form typically taked is: one
The DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM that intelligence total powerstation is formed with monitoring point target (sighting prism) and upper control computer, it may be achieved whole day
The unattended surveillance waited, it is substantially automatic Polar and measures system.System, without manual intervention, can fully automatically be adopted
Collect, transmit and process the three-dimensional data of deformation point.Utilize the Internet or other LAN, also can realize remote monitoring and administration.Should
The deployment cost of mode monitoring point is low, management easy maintenance, monitoring accuracy are high, and monitoring range accuracy is up to about 1mm.But shortcoming
It is that system laying is affected by the condition such as landform, weather, intervisibility can not be fully achieved and measure, compared with traditional measurement method, front
Phase installation cost is of a relatively high.
3.2GPS automatization technology for deformation monitoring
In the mounted on-line monitoring system of China, dam facing displacement measurement the most all uses GPS automatic monitoring technical.GPS
Automatic monitoring technical and full-automatic total powerstation automatic monitoring technical are all relative to the contrast of position by dam facing monitoring point and basic point,
Determine the displacement of monitoring point.But the monitoring accuracy of single GPS device can not meet the technology requirement of tailing dam safety management, need to lead to
Cross GPS real time differential DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM, utilize the deformation contrast of each monitoring point and base station, be greatly improved displacement monitoring essence
Degree, GPS displacement monitoring precision is up to horizontal displacement 3mm, vertical displacement 5mm.Application GPS carries out tailing dam deformation monitoring to be had very
Many advantages: 1) between survey station without intervisibility；2) the three-D displacement information of control monitoring point can be put forward simultaneously；3) round-the-clock monitoring；4) prison
Survey precision is high；5) easy and simple to handle, it is easily achieved monitoring automatization.But GPS also has its weak point: 1) limited by satellite situation.
Such as, it is desired to necessary intervisibility between gps antenna and gps satellite, any blocking all will reduce available number of satellite, and impact is measured
Precision.2) affected by celestial environment.Noon on daytime, big by ionospheric interference.Share satellite number few, often do not receive 5 satellites,
Thus initialization time is long, even can not initialize, the most just cannot be carried out measuring.3) Data-Link transmission is disturbed and limits, makees
Industry radius ratio nominal range is little.When there is above-mentioned situation, certainty of measurement does not reaches nominal accuracy, cannot meet measurement requirement.
At present, China's dam safety monitoring field processes in monitoring instrument and automatic data acquisition system development and data
The aspects such as analysis technique study, all close to or up international most advanced level, are applied to the various on-line monitoring instrument kinds of reservoir dam
Class is various.But, for many years, China's reservoir dam displacement monitoring is in personal monitoring's stage, and on-line monitoring is the most firm
Just development.With regard to displacement monitoring equipment itself, although kind is a lot, but every kind of equipment has its weak point, from precision, surely
Qualitative, installing engineering amount, safeguard, use, the several respects such as price are investigated, the equipment that can meet requirements is little.Inside dam body
Displacement monitoring can only use traditional individual event displacement monitoring equipment, needs pre-plugged or boring to install, construction inconvenience, at present
Also there is no good alternative method；Dam body surface displacement use three-dimensional data monitoring device is easy for installation, stable performance, precision
Height, but affected greatly by geographical environment, mounting condition is restricted, and this type of home-made equipment rate is low, installation cost is high.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency, the invention provides a kind of reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring system, it is to reservoir
Dam body carries out depression and automatically detects with horizontal displacement, it is possible to increase certainty of measurement, reduces equipment cost.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts the technical scheme that: reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring system,
It is characterized in that, including Trigger jitter detection device and centralized manager, described centralized manager is arranged on one end of dam body, to concentrate
Manager is to arrange several equally spaced datum marks on the ray of end points, and is respectively provided with a benchmark in each datum
Spot detector；
Described Trigger jitter detection device includes that detector housing, image detection device, baffle mechanism, photographic head, detection control
Device and solar panel, described detector housing is cuboid housing, and the two sides corresponding at cuboid housing are respectively provided with
Loophole, described image detection device is had to be arranged in housing between two loopholes, at two loopholes and image detection dress
Being also respectively provided with baffle mechanism between putting, described photographic head is arranged on image detection device and is parallel in the sidewall of laser via
Side, described detection controller is arranged in detector housing, and described solar panel is arranged on detector case top, described
Detection controller is connected with baffle mechanism, photographic head and solar panel respectively；
Described centralized manager includes manager housing and arranges the Switching Power Supply in manager housing, management control
Device, generating laser, speaker and laser via baffle mechanism, described manager housing one side is provided with laser via, institute
Stating the position of corresponding laser via in generating laser is arranged on manager housing, described laser via baffle mechanism is arranged on sharp
Between optical transmitting set and laser via, it is logical with Switching Power Supply, generating laser, speaker and laser respectively that described management controls it
Hole baffle mechanism is connected.
Preferably, described image detection device includes image detection device framework and the reflective cross of Laser Interception, described
Image detection device framework is provided with the slotted eye of equidistant parallel distribution, and the reflective cross of described Laser Interception is arranged on image inspection
Surveying in the slotted eye of device frame, Laser Interception reflective cross place plane is parallel with laser via.
Preferably, described baffle mechanism includes two baffle plates, baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism and baffle plate moving drive mechanism, institute
State two baffle plates to be connected by baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism, described baffle plate moving drive mechanism and baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism phase
Even, described baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism is connected with detection controller respectively with baffle plate moving drive mechanism, and described baffle plate is stretched
Contracting drive mechanism is provided with the end of travel of baffle plate moving drive mechanism and detects the limit switch that controller is connected.
Preferably, described detection controller includes super low power consuming single chip processor and the solar-electricity being connected respectively with single-chip microcomputer
Pond timing controller, OV7670 imageing sensor, EEPROM storage chip, data storage, switching value input circuit and PWM arteries and veins
Rushing output circuit, described OV7670 imageing sensor is connected with photographic head, described switching value input circuit and the limit of baffle mechanism
Bit switch connects, and described pwm pulse output circuit is moved with baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism and baffle plate respectively by D/A converting circuit
The servomotor of dynamic drive mechanism connects.
Preferably, described single-chip microcomputer uses STM8L series monolithic.
Preferably, described detection controller also includes that radio frequency chip, described radio frequency chip are connected with single-chip microcomputer.
Preferably, described laser via baffle mechanism includes laser via baffle plate, laser via baffle plate level control mechanism
With laser via baffle plate vertical control mechanism, described Management Controller is led to by laser via baffle plate level control mechanism and laser
Hole baffle plate vertical control mechanism is connected with laser via baffle plate, described laser via baffle plate level control mechanism and laser via
The end of travel of baffle plate vertical control mechanism is provided with the limit switch being connected with Management Controller.
Preferably, described Management Controller include processor and the DC-DC power module being connected with processor respectively,
GPRS module, ZigBee module, RS485 communication module, laser via baffle plate horizontal vertical move control module, laser occurs
Device control module, speaker drive module, EEPROM power down protection reservoir and switching value input circuit；Described laser via baffle plate
Horizontal vertical moves control module and includes that pwm pulse output circuit and D/A converting circuit, described pwm pulse output circuit pass through
D/A converting circuit is electric with the servo of laser via baffle plate horizontal drive mechanism and laser via baffle plate vertical driving mechanism respectively
Machine connects；Described switching value input circuit is connected with the limit switch of laser via baffle mechanism.
Preferably, described loophole and laser via are circular port or square opening.
Preferably, this reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring system also include that host computer, described host computer pass through nothing
Line communication modes or wire communication mode are connected with centralized manager.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention can carry out depression to reservoir dam and automatically detect with horizontal displacement, no
Only product cost is low, certainty of measurement is high, stable performance, and easy for installation, affected greatly by geographical environment, maintenance cost is low, real
Strong by property.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Trigger jitter detection device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of image detection device of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of baffle mechanism of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of detection controller of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of centralized manager of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of Management Controller of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the laser parallel light pipe light beam of the present invention laser schematic cross-section when carrying out Trigger jitter detection, A in Fig. 8, B,
The original image of C respectively datum mark, it is subjected to displacement and laser schematic cross-section during depression；
Fig. 9 is the laser beam of the present invention image by cross luminescence, and in Fig. 9, a, b, c are respectively the former of datum mark
Beginning image, it is subjected to displacement and laser schematic cross-section during depression；
In figure, 1 detector housing, 11 loopholes, 2 image detection devices, 21 image detection device frameworks, 22 Laser Interceptions
Reflective cross, 3 baffle mechanisms, 31 baffle plates, 32 baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism, 33 baffle plate moving drive mechanisms, 4 photographic head, 5 inspections
Survey controller, 6 solar panels；
M1 and M2 is the servomotor of baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism,
M3 and M4 is the servomotor of baffle plate moving drive mechanism,
M5 is the servomotor of laser via baffle plate horizontal drive mechanism,
M6 is the servomotor of laser via baffle plate vertical driving mechanism.
Detailed description of the invention
For the technical characterstic of this programme can be clearly described, below by detailed description of the invention, and combine its accompanying drawing, to this
Bright it is described in detail.Following disclosure provides many different embodiments or example for realizing the different knots of the present invention
Structure.In order to simplify disclosure of the invention, hereinafter parts and setting to specific examples are described.Additionally, the present invention is permissible
Repeat reference numerals and/or letter in different examples.This repetition is for purposes of simplicity and clarity, and itself does not indicates
Relation between various embodiment being discussed and/or arranging.It should be noted that, parts illustrated in the accompanying drawings are not necessarily to scale
Draw.Present invention omits the description to known assemblies and treatment technology and process to avoid being unnecessarily limiting the present invention.
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of reservoir dam depression of the present invention and horizontal displacement monitoring system, it includes Trigger jitter detection
Device and centralized manager, described centralized manager is arranged on one end of dam body, sets on the ray with centralized manager as end points
Put several equally spaced datum marks, and be respectively provided with a Trigger jitter detection device in each datum.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described Trigger jitter detection device includes detector housing 1, image detection device 2, baffle mechanism 3, takes the photograph
Picture 4, detection controller 5 and solar panel 6, described detector housing 1 is cuboid housing, corresponding at cuboid housing
Two sides be respectively arranged with loophole 11, described image detection device 2 is arranged in housing between two loopholes, at two
Being also respectively provided with baffle mechanism 3 between loophole and image detection device, described photographic head 4 is arranged on image detection device and puts down
Row is in the inside sidewalls (i.e. the positive side of the reflective cross of Laser Interception 22) of laser via, in order to carry out image acquisition, described
Detection controller 5 is arranged in detector housing 1, and described solar panel arranges 6 at the top of detector housing, described inspection
Survey controller 5 to be connected with baffle mechanism 3, photographic head 4 and solar panel 6 respectively.
As it is shown on figure 3, the image detection device 2 of described Trigger jitter detection device includes image detection device framework 21 and laser
Intercepting reflective cross 22, described image detection device framework 21 is provided with the slotted eye of equidistant parallel distribution, and described laser blocks
Cut reflective cross 22 be arranged in the slotted eye of image detection device framework 21, Laser Interception reflective cross 22 place plane with
Laser via is parallel；The reflective cross of described Laser Interception can be made up of, in order to make laser two vertical laser reflecting strips
Intercept in the slotted eye that reflective cross is securely fixed in image detection device framework, can be two vertical laser reflecting strips
In the two ends of one of them laser reflecting strips reinforcing strip is set, form vertical or " king " the type structure in bedroom, or two
The two ends of individual laser reflecting strips are respectively provided with reinforcing strip, form " field " structure.
As shown in Figure 4, the baffle mechanism 3 of described Trigger jitter detection device includes two baffle plates 31, baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism
32 and baffle plate moving drive mechanism 33, said two baffle plate 31 is connected by baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism 32, and described baffle plate moves
Drive mechanism 33 is connected with baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism 32, described baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism 32 and baffle plate moving drive mechanism
33 are connected with detection controller 5 respectively, and the stroke end of described baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism 32 and baffle plate moving drive mechanism 33
End is provided with and detects the limit switch that controller is connected.
As it is shown in figure 5, the detection controller of described Trigger jitter detection device include super low-power consumption STM8L series monolithic and
The solaode timing controller that is connected with STM8L series monolithic respectively, OV7670 imageing sensor, EEPROM store core
Sheet, data storage, switching value input circuit, pwm pulse output circuit and radio frequency chip, described OV7670 image sensing
Device is connected with photographic head, and described switching value input circuit is connected with the limit switch of baffle mechanism, described pwm pulse output circuit
By D/A converting circuit respectively with servomotor M1, M2, M3 of baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism and baffle plate moving drive mechanism and
M4 connects.
As shown in Figure 6, described centralized manager include manager housing and arrange the Switching Power Supply in manager housing,
Management Controller, generating laser, speaker and laser via baffle mechanism, described manager housing one side is provided with laser
Through hole, described generating laser is the position of corresponding laser via, described laser via baffle mechanism in being arranged on manager housing
Be arranged between generating laser and laser via, described management control its respectively with Switching Power Supply, generating laser, speaker
It is connected with laser via baffle mechanism；Described laser via baffle mechanism includes laser via baffle plate, laser via baffle plate level
Controlling organization and laser via baffle plate vertical control mechanism, described Management Controller passes through laser via baffle plate level control mechanism
Be connected with laser via baffle plate with laser via baffle plate vertical control mechanism, described laser via baffle plate level control mechanism and
The end of travel of laser via baffle plate vertical control mechanism is provided with the limit switch being connected with Management Controller.
As it is shown in fig. 7, the Management Controller of described centralized manager includes processor and is connected with processor respectively
DC-DC power module, GPRS module, ZigBee module, RS485 communication module, laser via baffle plate horizontal vertical move control
Module, laser generator control module, speaker drive module, EEPROM power down protection reservoir and switching value input circuit；Institute
State laser via baffle plate horizontal vertical to move control module and include pwm pulse output circuit and D/A converting circuit, described PWM arteries and veins
Rush output circuit by D/A converting circuit respectively with laser via baffle plate horizontal drive mechanism and laser via baffle plate is vertical drives
Servomotor M5 and M6 of motivation structure connects；Described switching value input circuit connects with the limit switch of laser via baffle mechanism
Connect；Wherein, described processor uses STM32F series monolithic, and described GPRS module uses Siemens MC 35i GPRS mould
Block, described ZigBee module uses SX1231 radio frequency chip.
As preferably scheme, loophole of the present invention and laser via all can use circular port, square opening or
The hole of other shape symmetrical above and below of person, and the area of section of loophole and laser via cuts more than laser parallel light pipe light admission port
Face, the area of section of loophole be enough to collect dam body more than the region in laser parallel light pipe light admission port cross section and occurs to greatest extent
When horizontal displacement and depression, (such as, if 800MM when laser bore, detection device is 1000MM to image, then 1000-800=
200MM is that dam body may produce the region shift length doing big movement), make laser pass loophole and be radiated at image detection device
The reflective cross of Laser Interception on.
As preferably scheme, this reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring system also include host computer, described upper
Machine is connected with centralized manager by wireless communication mode or wire communication mode.
The reservoir dam depression of the present invention and horizontal displacement monitoring system are based on laser feed technique, wireless network sensing
Device technology and CCD imaging technique realize the remote auto detection of reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement.It specifically includes that upper
Machine, centralized manager and Trigger jitter detection device, given a warning by centralized manager during work, reminds surrounding people away from laser warp
The path crossed, 15 seconds post commands send Trigger jitter detection device and prepare the control command of detection, and Trigger jitter detection device all receives life
Carry out uploading wait laser-bounce answer signal according to ZigBee-network agreement after order；Centralized manager is all prepared good lot
Open laser generator after order, be simultaneously emitted by shooting photo order；Trigger jitter detection device shoots after obtaining shooting order immediately；Collection
Middle manager sends end order, simultaneously closes off generating laser；Trigger jitter detection device obtains terminating order, closes laser and leads to
Hole, carries out image procossing, extracted valid data, calculates reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement value.Centralized manager waits until to receive
After the upload command of host computer, carry out data upload；Trigger jitter detection device enters dormancy and waits mode of operation.
One, host computer
The management of centralized management is arranged, and by GPRS and RS485, centralized manager can carry out remote parameter setting: to sinking
Fall into and detection in real time, detection cycle and the Best Times of detection of horizontal displacement, transfer the n times detection data of centralized manager
Detection data with 1 year.The curve of depression and displacement can be checked online.
Two, centralized manager
Carry out safety instruction by speaker during work, open laser via after continuing for some time, to Trigger jitter detection
There are some row control commands in device, opens laser generator, carry out displacement detecting in the case of always being allowed.Complete obtain base
The individual reference point displacement of detector on schedule.Depression total to each point value and dam body and horizontal displacement situation are stored in EEPROM, wait
The relevant order of host computer.Centralized manager and host computer can realize GPRS or RS485 and carry out data communication.
Management Controller is control core, specifically include that DC-DC power module, Siemens MC 35i GPRS module,
The SX1231 module of ZigBee, RS485 communication module, laser via baffle plate horizontal vertical move control module, laser generator
Control module, loudspeaker module, power-down protection storage EEPROM module, laser via baffle plate move limit switch module group
Become.
Three, Trigger jitter detection device
Trigger jitter detection device cardinal principle utilize laser run into barrier block can send out absorption, reflect, reflect, scatter and
Diffraction principle, is attached intercepting, obtains characteristic indication, obtains one dimensional image with CCD shooting, carries out image procossing, and acquisition has
Effect property information, calculates depression and the horizontal displacement numerical value of dam body.
Build up the most not destruction dam body due to reservoir dam and lay cable, so using solar cell for supplying power, should
Oneself is the most ripe for technology, and Trigger jitter detection device detection number of times is few, as long as having charge function, so less solar panel is i.e.
Can meet.Trigger jitter detection device needs shell and protects, and the most whole Trigger jitter detection device both sides are respectively arranged with two loopholes,
In order to prevent rainwater, dust from Laser Interception luminescence cross and the pollution of photographic head, design are blocked the baffle mechanism of loophole,
The shape of loophole may be designed as square, circular and other laterally zygomorphic shapes, the baffle shapes of corresponding baffle mechanism
Also it is such.Baffle plate has four, is one group the most two-by-two.Have motor to control horizontal mechanism during work to shrink, after contraction again
There is motor to control vertical mechanism to swing up and down, concede laser via, work complete, the opposite direction control of motor control action mechanism
Make and laser hole is blocked.Realize high accuracy to control, proximity switch can be added at horizontal and vertical actuator travel end.Photographic head uses
One-dimensional shooting, is arranged on photographic head the positive side of laser via, Laser Interception parabolic reflector is carried out image acquisition.Benchmark spot check
The STM8L embedded scm surveying device employing low-power consumption is control core, it is achieved a series of controls automatically measured.
Light be can't see in space, but run into blocking of object and can send out absorption, reflect, reflect, scatter and diffraction, utilizes
This principle, can work as laser and arrange a barrier in the profiling place of needs, present the attribute of level and vertical shift simultaneously.?
Good barrier be " cross " maybe can present two-dimensional plane intersection graph picture other: " king's word ", " field word " type etc..Frame can be smooth
Light conductor, available metal, plastics, translucent, clear glass etc. are made, and technique are evident as main with fine and imaging.This Shen
In please in diagram both sides and the intermediate parallel of " ten " be two fixing " ten " and support, as support applications, not as
The mark of image acquisition.
Reservoir dam is longer, and a test point can not reflect dam deformation situation, carries out in requisition for selecting several datum marks
Detection, so detection is upper designs the cross that multiple (10 for the time being) different path is parallel to each other, can be according to difference on dam body
Selection reference point, depression and the horizontal displacement of a datum mark can be detected in the position of regulation cross.Laser is reflective through intercepting
The light beam of frame is damaged, and emissive porwer is reduced significantly.But as long as the position of the cross of each datum mark is different, the most not
Impact.
The monitoring of reservoir dam horizontal displacement and depression can be by realizing Trigger jitter detection graphical analysis.Such as Fig. 8
Shown in Fig. 9, general by one-dimensional plane Image Acquisition dam body depression and horizontal displacement situation, image A, B, C be original image,
Be subjected to displacement the laser schematic cross-section with depression, corresponding a, b, c be CCD gather Laser Interception reflective image signal
Figure, the region of image is represented by dashed line in the drawings.
Assume that figure A is original initial graph, when only when occurred level displacement, obtain image B, when only obtaining when there is depression
To image C.
Occurred level displacement duration can be asked by figure B:
The value of depression can be obtained by figure C:
Level when thus can release datum mark occurred level and depression and depression displacement are (state is from 0 to x):
In formula, R is laser parallel light pipe light admission port section radius, WH0For Laser Interception reflective ten in initial laser image
Cabinet frame top half height, WH1For Laser Interception reflective cross top half height, WL in real time laser image0For initially
Laser Interception reflective cross the latter half height, WH in laser imageXAnd WLXReflective for Laser Interception in real time laser image
Cross top half height and the latter half height, X=1,2,3 ... N.
When needs are accurately measured, can be presetThe error produced along with shooting angle change is entered
Row is revised, the most accurate.
8 frameworks of STMicw Electronics (STMicroelectronics) high-performance selected by the controller of Trigger jitter detection device
Super low-power consumption 8 8-digit microcontroller STM8L series, this chip runs with stand-by power consumption as characteristic to save.Low-power-consumption embedded non-
Volatile memory and multiple powder source management mode are the Inventive Characteristics of STM8L series.Powder source management mode includes the 5.4 low merits of μ A
Consumption operational mode, 3.3 μ A low-power consumption standby patterns, 1 μ A actively stop mode (real-time clock operation) and 350nA stop mode,
Various modes makes STM8L series be applicable to the field higher to energy-conserving and environment-protective demand and battery use cycle.This controller 3 ~ 5 seconds
Carrying out starting wireless module and carry out order acquisition, if obtaining the sense command of host computer, then entering mode of operation, to all devices
Part is powered, and by horizontal and vertical motor and the baffle plate being controlled mechanism opening laser via, is receiving shooting life
Shoot photo after order immediately, simultaneously close off laser via, carry out image procossing, obtain the image of " ten ", carry out depression and level
The calculating of displacement, complete is uploaded to host computer according to agreement.Detection process is complete.
Specific implementation process of the present invention is as follows: (the most about 100 meters) install a Trigger jitter detection device the most as requested,
The position of each Trigger jitter detection device internal spider frame is the most different.After installing, then carry out initializing debugging.By concentrating
The initial laser image of control synchronous acquisition each Trigger jitter detection device of controller, is stored in EEPROM by the significant value of image
In.During detection, Trigger jitter detection device every five seconds for example clock wakes up up once, carries out the acquisition of order, once obtains order and i.e. enters
Mode of operation, waits baffle plate to be opened to carry out shooting order.Detect after hours Trigger jitter detection device by depression and horizontal displacement
Value is transferred to host computer.Mode of operation and the working condition of Trigger jitter detection device are determined by host computer.
Additionally, the range of application of the present invention is not limited to the technique of specific embodiment described in description, mechanism, system
Make, material composition, means, method and step.From the disclosure, will be easily as those of ordinary skill in the art
Ground understands, for the technique having existed at present or will having developed later, mechanism, manufacture, material composition, means, method or
Step, wherein they perform the knot that the function that is substantially the same of corresponding embodiment or acquisition with present invention description are substantially the same
Really, they can be applied according to the present invention.Therefore, claims of the present invention are intended to these technique, mechanism, system
Make, material composition, means, method or step are included in its protection domain.
Claims (9)
1. reservoir dam depression and horizontal displacement monitoring system, is characterized in that, including Trigger jitter detection device and centralized manager, institute
State centralized manager and be arranged on one end of dam body, the ray with centralized manager as end points arranges several equally spaced bases
On schedule, and in each datum it is respectively provided with a Trigger jitter detection device；
Described Trigger jitter detection device include detector housing, image detection device, baffle mechanism, photographic head, detection controller and
Solar panel, described detector housing is cuboid housing, and the two sides corresponding at cuboid housing are respectively arranged with
Unthreaded hole, described image detection device is arranged in housing between two loopholes, two loopholes and image detection device it
Between be also respectively provided with baffle mechanism, described photographic head is arranged on image detection device and is parallel to the inside sidewalls of laser via,
Described detection controller is arranged in detector housing, and described solar panel is arranged on detector case top, described inspection
Survey controller to be connected with baffle mechanism, photographic head and solar panel respectively；Described image detection device includes that image detects
Device frame and the reflective cross of Laser Interception, described image detection device framework is provided with the slotted eye of equidistant parallel distribution,
The reflective cross of described Laser Interception is arranged in the slotted eye of image detection device framework, and Laser Interception reflective cross place is put down
Face is parallel with laser via；
Described centralized manager includes manager housing and arranges the Switching Power Supply in manager housing, Management Controller, swashs
Optical transmitting set, speaker and laser via baffle mechanism, described manager housing one side is provided with laser via, described laser
Emitter is the position of corresponding laser via in being arranged on manager housing, and described laser via baffle mechanism is arranged on Laser emission
Between device and laser via, described management control its respectively with Switching Power Supply, generating laser, speaker and laser via baffle plate
Mechanism is connected.
Reservoir dam depression the most according to claim 1 and horizontal displacement monitoring system, is characterized in that, described baffle mechanism
Including two baffle plates, baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism and baffle plate moving drive mechanism, said two baffle plate passes through baffle plate telescopic drive
Mechanism be connected, described baffle plate moving drive mechanism is connected with baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism, described baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism with
Baffle plate moving drive mechanism is connected with detection controller respectively, and described baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism and baffle plate moving drive mechanism
End of travel be provided with and detect the limit switch that controller is connected.
Reservoir dam depression the most according to claim 2 and horizontal displacement monitoring system, is characterized in that, described detection controls
Device includes super low power consuming single chip processor and the solaode timing controller being connected respectively, OV7670 image sensing with single-chip microcomputer
Device, EEPROM storage chip, data storage, switching value input circuit and pwm pulse output circuit, described OV7670 image passes
Sensor is connected with photographic head, and described switching value input circuit is connected with the limit switch of baffle mechanism, described pwm pulse output electricity
Road is passed through the D/A converting circuit servomotor respectively with baffle plate telescoping drive mechanism and baffle plate moving drive mechanism and is connected.
Reservoir dam depression the most according to claim 3 and horizontal displacement monitoring system, is characterized in that, described single-chip microcomputer is adopted
Use STM8L series monolithic.
Reservoir dam depression the most according to claim 3 and horizontal displacement monitoring system, is characterized in that, described detection controls
Device also includes that radio frequency chip, described radio frequency chip are connected with single-chip microcomputer.
Reservoir dam depression the most according to claim 1 and horizontal displacement monitoring system, is characterized in that, described laser via
Baffle mechanism includes laser via baffle plate, laser via baffle plate level control mechanism and laser via baffle plate vertical control mechanism,
Described Management Controller is led to laser by laser via baffle plate level control mechanism and laser via baffle plate vertical control mechanism
Hole baffle plate is connected, described laser via baffle plate level control mechanism and the end of travel of laser via baffle plate vertical control mechanism
It is provided with the limit switch being connected with Management Controller.
Reservoir dam depression the most according to claim 6 and horizontal displacement monitoring system, is characterized in that, described management controls
Device includes that processor and the DC-DC power module being connected with processor respectively, GPRS module, ZigBee module, RS485 lead to
News module, laser via baffle plate horizontal vertical move control module, laser generator control module, speaker drive module,
EEPROM power down protection reservoir and switching value input circuit；Described laser via baffle plate horizontal vertical moves control module and includes
Pwm pulse output circuit and D/A converting circuit, described pwm pulse output circuit is led to laser respectively by D/A converting circuit
The servomotor of hole baffle plate horizontal drive mechanism and laser via baffle plate vertical driving mechanism connects；Described switching value input circuit
It is connected with the limit switch of laser via baffle mechanism.
8., according to the reservoir dam depression described in any one of claim 1-7 and horizontal displacement monitoring system, it is characterized in that, described
Loophole and laser via are circular port or square opening.
9., according to the reservoir dam depression described in any one of claim 1-7 and horizontal displacement monitoring system, it is characterized in that, also wrap
Including host computer, described host computer is connected with centralized manager by wireless communication mode or wire communication mode.
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