CN114787326A - 处理废气的方法 - Google Patents
处理废气的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114787326A CN114787326A CN202080088652.9A CN202080088652A CN114787326A CN 114787326 A CN114787326 A CN 114787326A CN 202080088652 A CN202080088652 A CN 202080088652A CN 114787326 A CN114787326 A CN 114787326A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- reactor
- combustion
- exhaust gas
- combustion reactor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001748 carbonate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000658 coextraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/364—Avoiding environmental pollution during cement-manufacturing
- C04B7/367—Avoiding or minimising carbon dioxide emissions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2290/00—Organisational aspects of production methods, equipment or plants
- C04B2290/20—Integrated combined plants or devices, e.g. combined foundry and concrete plant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/02—Combustion or pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/06—Heat exchange, direct or indirect
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/10—Recycling of a stream within the process or apparatus to reuse elsewhere therein
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/26—Composting, fermenting or anaerobic digestion fuel components or materials from which fuels are prepared
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/38—Applying an electric field or inclusion of electrodes in the apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/42—Fischer-Tropsch steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/56—Specific details of the apparatus for preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- C10L2290/562—Modular or modular elements containing apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
- Y02P40/18—Carbon capture and storage [CCS]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
在处理含有CO2的废气(例如来自水泥生产成套装置的废气)的方法中,进行以下步骤:‑在燃烧反应器中燃烧燃料,其中所述废气的O2含量用作氧化剂,‑控制所述燃烧反应器中的燃烧,使得来自所述燃烧反应器的废气含有小于10体积%的氧和至少80体积%的CO和CO2的混合物,将来自所述燃烧反应器的废气进料至转化反应器中,其中包含在所述废气中的CO2和任选的CO转化为烃燃料。
Description
本发明涉及处理含有CO2和O2的废气(例如来自水泥生产成套装置的废气)的方法。
在用于生产水泥熟料的已知的方法中,通过使用从回转窑排出的燃烧气体的热,在多级预热器系统中预热和部分脱碳酸化进料至回转窑的原料。将预热的原料经由窑入口进料至回转窑,并在高达1400℃的温度下煅烧的同时行进到窑出口。
二氧化碳(CO2)是地球大气中最显著的长寿命温室气体。化石燃料的使用和森林砍伐已经迅速增加了其在大气中的浓度,导致全球变暖。二氧化碳也引起海洋酸化,因为它溶解在水中形成碳酸。
水泥工业是CO2的重要排放者。在水泥生产过程中,在生料(含有CaCO3)脱碳酸化成石灰(CaO)期间产生显著量的CO2。在生产波特兰水泥熟料期间,通过煅烧原料和来自在回转窑中的燃料燃烧,每吨波特兰水泥熟料排放约0.9吨CO2。
在回转窑燃烧器中使用替代燃料(特别是可再生燃料)可以减少温室气体的量。然而,通过生料的脱碳酸化仍然生产大量的CO2并排放到大气中。
已经提出使用碳捕获和封存方法以减少或防止CO2从工业过程排放到大气中。这样的方法包括从烟道气中捕获CO2用于储存或用于其它工业应用。
已经开发了几种技术来从这样的烟道气中提取和捕获CO2,以允许碳封存。用于捕获烟道气中存在的CO2的一种已知技术是胺洗涤。该方法由以下组成:通过用胺溶剂冲洗气体从燃烧后的烟道气中提取CO2部分,通过蒸汽汽提再生溶剂,因此释放几乎纯的CO2,和将汽提的溶剂循环到吸收器。尽管这种技术非常有效,但它也相当昂贵。
或者,可以通过用KOH或NaOH溶液的化学吸收从含CO2的气体中吸收CO2。
一旦从含CO2的气体中提取,CO2可以以不同方式储存,例如以稳定的碳酸盐矿物形式储存。相应的方法称为“通过矿物碳酸化的碳封存”。该方法包括使二氧化碳与可碳酸化的固体材料反应,所述材料包含金属氧化物,特别是氧化镁(MgO)或氧化钙(CaO),以形成稳定的碳酸盐。
或者,还提出通过加入H2将从废气中捕获的CO2转化为可再生燃料。
用于从烟道气中提取和捕获CO2用于进一步处理浓缩形式的CO2的已知方法麻烦且昂贵。
因此,本发明的目的是提供处理废气的改进的方法,其避免任何CO2排放到大气中,并允许以低价格从废气中浓缩CO2。
为了解决这些目的,本发明提供了处理含有CO2和O2的废气(例如来自水泥生产成套装置的废气)的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
-将所述废气引入燃烧反应器中,
-在所述燃烧反应器中燃烧燃料,其中所述废气的O2含量用作氧化剂,
-控制所述燃烧反应器中的燃烧,使得来自所述燃烧反应器的废气含有小于10体积%的氧和至少80体积%的CO和CO2的混合物,
-将来自所述燃烧反应器的废气进料至CO2/CO转化反应器中,其中包含在所述废气中的CO2和任选的CO转化为烃燃料,特别是可燃燃料。
所述方法将包含在废气中的全部CO2转化为烃燃料,特别是可燃燃料。优选地,废气取自水泥生产成套装置的水泥窑预热器。
本发明的方法不需要任何CO2提取或捕获步骤以从废气提取或捕获CO2。相反,通过使用废气的O2含量作为氧化剂用于在燃烧反应器中燃烧燃料,浓缩最初以相对低分数存在于废气中的CO2。以这种方式,降低废气的O2含量,并提高废气的CO2和任选的CO含量,使得离开燃烧反应器的废气含有至少80体积%(优选至少90体积%)的CO和CO2的混合物。以这种方式,可以将具有高CO2浓度的气体进料至CO2/CO转化反应器,使得在所述CO2/CO转化反应器中转化为烃燃料(特别是可燃燃料)可以以高效和成本有效的方式进行。
优选地,待用本发明的方法处理的废气的N2含量 < 20体积%。为了降低废气中的N2含量,在来自水泥生产成套装置的废气的情况下,用于在水泥窑和预煅烧炉中燃烧的燃烧空气可以富含O2或可以是纯O2。此外,用于在燃烧反应器中燃烧的燃烧空气可以富含O2或可以是纯O2。优选地,加入到窑系统和/或燃烧反应器的燃烧空气富含氧,其中燃烧空气的O2含量为21-100%。
在燃烧反应器中燃烧的燃料可以是任何种类的固体或液体或气态燃料。
通过本发明的方法生产的可再生燃料可以以许多方式使用,例如作为水泥窑的窑燃烧器的替代燃料或作为其它工业的燃料,例如作为可再生航空燃料。
根据优选的实施方案,将从转化反应器获得的烃燃料(特别是可燃燃料)作为燃料进料至水泥生产成套装置的水泥窑的燃烧器。以这种方式,熟料生产过程不再具有CO2排放(是碳中性的),因为在熟料生产过程中由燃料的燃烧产生的和由水泥原料脱碳酸化产生的所有碳转化为烃燃料(特别是可再生的可燃燃料)。
术语“可再生燃料”应理解为是指源自可再生来源或由可再生资源生产的燃料,例如生物燃料(例如植物油、生物质和生物柴油)。这与不可再生燃料(例如天然气、LPG (丙烷)、石油和其它化石燃料)形成对比。
优选地,在引入到燃烧反应器之前,至少部分废气首先用于在第一干燥单元中干燥固体燃料(特别是固体可再生燃料),从而获得干燥的燃料,随之任选地研磨干燥的燃料以获得研磨的燃料。在此,废气用作干燥固体燃料的热源。可以使用各种类型的固体燃料,例如木炭、生物煤、生物质或石油焦。在第一干燥单元中干燥且然后任选地研磨的燃料可以优选用作燃烧反应器中的燃料。或者,在燃烧反应器中燃烧的燃料是与在第一干燥单元中干燥且然后任选研磨的燃料不同的燃料。或者,在燃烧反应器中燃烧的燃料可以是已经在第一干燥单元中干燥并随后任选研磨的燃料与不同燃料的混合物。另外,该燃料也可以是可再生燃料或CO2/CO转化反应器中生产的副产物。
根据优选的实施方案,废气也可以用作热源,用于干燥用于制备水泥的原料混合物。在此背景中,本发明的方法优选地特征在于,至少部分废气用于在第二干燥单元中干燥水泥生料,从而获得干燥的生料,其中研磨干燥的生料以获得研磨的生料,将研磨的生料进料至水泥生产成套装置的预热器。
如上所述,在本方法的第二步中使用燃烧反应器用于燃烧燃料。燃烧反应器可以是适于控制燃烧使得来自燃烧反应器的废气含有小于10体积%的氧和至少80体积%的CO和CO2的混合物的任何反应器。优选地,燃烧反应器是一氧化碳反应器,其中通过消耗包含在废气中的O2将包含在燃料中的碳转化为一氧化碳和二氧化碳。燃烧反应器的废气中CO与CO2的比率可以根据CO2/CO转化反应器的需要进行调节。
例如,燃烧反应器可以是热气发生器,例如由Fives (Pillard)供应的热气发生器。
控制燃烧反应器中的燃烧以使废气的CO和CO2含量最大化。此外,控制燃烧反应器中的燃烧以将废气的O2含量限制为低于10体积%,优选低于5体积%。这优选通过控制进料至反应器的燃料的量来实现。
根据优选的实施方案,在进料至到CO2/CO转化反应器之前,将来自燃烧反应器的废气引导通过热交换器,以将废气冷却至优选20-300℃的温度。因此该热可以用于干燥原料或燃料或发电。
各种类型的转化反应器可以用于将包含在来自燃烧反应器的废气中的CO和/或CO2转化为烃燃料,特别是可燃燃料。
优选地,转化反应器为生物反应器、催化反应器或动力-燃料反应器。生物反应器可以包含发酵过程。例如,可以使用如LanzaTech或Electrochaea GmbH供应的生物反应器。
或者,生物反应器可以包含催化反应器。特别地,可以使用使用费-托工艺的催化反应器。
优选地,将在转化反应器中生产的副产物(例如蛋白质)作为燃料进料至水泥生产成套装置的燃烧过程,例如进料至水泥窑的燃烧器。
由转化反应器生产的烃燃料(特别是可燃燃料)可以是生物甲烷、甲醇或用于航空或运输的可再生燃料,例如汽油或煤油。通常,烃燃料可以以气态或液体形式生产,并且可以是任何类型的低或高分子量的烃燃料。转化反应器的烃产物可以用作烃燃料,或者替代地用作例如化学合成的化学品。
现在将参照附图更详细地描述本发明。
图1示意性地说明水泥生产过程,其中结合本发明的方法。在水泥熟料生产成套装置中,将生料装入生料磨机1中,并且将研磨的生料储存在生料筒仓2中。将储存在生料筒仓2中的研磨的生料装入预热器3中,在预热器中,研磨的生料与来自回转熟料窑4的热废气逆流预热。随后将预热的且任选地预煅烧的生料引入回转窑4中,在回转窑中将其煅烧以获得水泥熟料。熟料在5表示的点处离开回转窑4,并在熟料冷却器6中冷却。冷却的熟料在7表示的点处离开熟料冷却器6。
回转窑4的烧成(firing)系统进料燃料,如8示意性说明的。可以将另外的燃料引入预热器3的预煅烧炉中,如9示意性说明的。优选地,在回转窑4的烧成系统和/或预煅烧炉中使用替代燃料,例如可再生燃料。
在10处离开预热器3的废气含有CO2和O2。根据本发明,将废气引入磨机11中,在其中通过废气的热干燥固体燃料(例如木炭、生物煤、生物质或石油焦)并研磨。因此,磨机11用作固体燃料的干燥单元。
优选地,离开预热器3的一部分废气可以用于在生料磨机1中干燥生料,如17所示。
优选地,离开预热器3的一部分废气可以进料至高温灰尘分离器26以去除包含在废气中的灰尘。
研磨的固体燃料从磨机11排出并经由管线13引入燃烧反应器12中。在燃烧反应器12中,研磨的燃料与经由管线14来自磨机11的废气燃烧,并任选与经由管线18来自磨机1的废气燃烧,其中包含在研磨的燃料中的碳转化为一氧化碳和二氧化碳,同时消耗包含在废气中的O2。控制燃烧反应器12中的燃烧,以使经由管线15离开燃烧反应器的废气中CO和CO2的含量最大化,并且O2含量最小化。特别是,来自燃烧反应器12的废气含有小于10体积%的O2和至少80体积%的CO和CO2的混合物。
将来自燃烧反应器12的废气引导通过热交换器16以冷却废气。然后,将废气引入CO2/CO转化反应器19中,以将废气的CO2和任选的CO含量转化为可燃燃料。可以将氢气在20处引入CO2/CO转化反应器19,以辅助在CO2/CO转化反应器19中发生的反应。优选地,由可再生能量来源或通过使用可再生能源(例如来自可再生能量来源的电)生产氢气。将通过CO2/CO转化反应器19生产的产物收集在分离器21中,其中将副产物(例如蛋白质22)从气态或液体可燃燃料23 (例如生物甲烷、甲醇或任何其它烃燃料,特别是低分子量烃燃料)中分离。
可燃燃料可以用于点燃回转窑4的烧成系统,如管线24说明的,或者可以在25处输送并用于任何其它目的。
Claims (9)
1.一种处理含有CO2和O2的废气,例如来自水泥生产成套装置的废气的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
- 将所述废气引入燃烧反应器中,
- 在所述燃烧反应器中燃烧燃料,其中所述废气中的O2含量用作氧化剂,
- 控制所述燃烧反应器中的燃烧,使得来自所述燃烧反应器的废气含有小于10体积%的氧和至少80体积%的CO和CO2的混合物,
- 将来自所述燃烧反应器的废气进料至CO2/CO转化反应器中,其中包含在所述废气中的CO2和任选的CO转化为烃燃料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中在引入到所述燃烧反应器之前,所述废气的至少一部分用于在第一干燥单元中干燥固体燃料,特别是固体可再生燃料,从而获得干燥的燃料,随之任选地研磨所述干燥的燃料以获得研磨的燃料。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述干燥的和任选地研磨的燃料用作所述燃烧反应器中的燃料。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的方法,其中至少部分所述废气用于在第二干燥单元中干燥水泥生料,从而获得干燥的生料,其中将所述干燥的生料研磨以获得研磨的生料,将所述研磨的生料进料至水泥生产成套装置的预热器中。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法,其中所述CO2/CO转化反应器为生物反应器、催化反应器或动力-燃料反应器。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法,其中将在所述CO2/CO转化反应器中生产的副产物例如蛋白质作为燃料进料至燃烧过程,例如进料至水泥生产成套装置的水泥窑的燃烧器、预煅烧炉燃烧器和/或燃烧反应器燃烧器。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方法,其中将从所述CO2/CO转化反应器获得的烃燃料,特别是可燃燃料作为燃料进料至燃烧过程,例如水泥生产成套装置的水泥窑的燃烧器、预煅烧炉燃烧器和/或燃烧反应器燃烧器。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法,其中在进料至所述CO2/CO转化反应器中之前,将来自所述燃烧反应器的废气引导通过热交换器,以将所述废气冷却至优选20-300℃的温度。
9.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法,其中所述废气取自水泥生产成套装置的水泥生料预热器。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19020717.5A EP3839015B1 (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Method of processing exhaust gas |
EP19020717.5 | 2019-12-20 | ||
PCT/IB2020/062161 WO2021124231A1 (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2020-12-18 | Method of processing exhaust gas |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114787326A true CN114787326A (zh) | 2022-07-22 |
Family
ID=69063578
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202080088652.9A Pending CN114787326A (zh) | 2019-12-20 | 2020-12-18 | 处理废气的方法 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220411707A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3839015B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN114787326A (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2918173T3 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2022007251A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL3839015T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT3839015T (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2021124231A1 (zh) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070049648A1 (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2007-03-01 | Gerry Shessel | Manufacture of fuels by a co-generation cycle |
US20140023577A1 (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2014-01-23 | Manfred Baldauf | Method for treating a carbon dioxide-containing waste gas from an electrofusion process |
FR3037503A1 (fr) * | 2015-06-19 | 2016-12-23 | Air Liquide | Procede et installation de recuperation d'hydrocarbures utilisant des fumees industrielles riches en co2 |
US20190071351A1 (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2019-03-07 | Heidelbergcement Ag | Process and plant for manufacturing cement in the oxyfuel mode |
CN110022964A (zh) * | 2016-10-13 | 2019-07-16 | 马尔克·富尔德 | 分离和固定废气中二氧化碳和/或一氧化碳的方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE20320020U1 (de) * | 2003-12-24 | 2004-05-06 | Geyer, Stefan, Dr.rer.nat. | Anlage zur Herstellung von Diesel und Zement |
PL1923367T3 (pl) * | 2006-11-13 | 2013-12-31 | Lafarge Sa | Sposób wytwarzania cementu |
DE102010019330B4 (de) * | 2010-05-05 | 2013-11-07 | Ecoloop Gmbh | Verfahren zur Umwandlung von Carbonaten in Oxide |
DE102013010909B3 (de) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-08-28 | Fels-Werke Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines gebrannten Kalk, Dolomit, Magnesia oder Zement erzeugenden Schachtofens sowie Schachtofen-Werksanlage zur Erzeugung von gebrannten Kalk, Dolomit, Magnesia oder Zement |
-
2019
- 2019-12-20 ES ES19020717T patent/ES2918173T3/es active Active
- 2019-12-20 PL PL19020717T patent/PL3839015T3/pl unknown
- 2019-12-20 PT PT190207175T patent/PT3839015T/pt unknown
- 2019-12-20 EP EP19020717.5A patent/EP3839015B1/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-12-18 MX MX2022007251A patent/MX2022007251A/es unknown
- 2020-12-18 CN CN202080088652.9A patent/CN114787326A/zh active Pending
- 2020-12-18 WO PCT/IB2020/062161 patent/WO2021124231A1/en active Application Filing
- 2020-12-18 US US17/778,683 patent/US20220411707A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070049648A1 (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2007-03-01 | Gerry Shessel | Manufacture of fuels by a co-generation cycle |
US20140023577A1 (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2014-01-23 | Manfred Baldauf | Method for treating a carbon dioxide-containing waste gas from an electrofusion process |
FR3037503A1 (fr) * | 2015-06-19 | 2016-12-23 | Air Liquide | Procede et installation de recuperation d'hydrocarbures utilisant des fumees industrielles riches en co2 |
US20190071351A1 (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2019-03-07 | Heidelbergcement Ag | Process and plant for manufacturing cement in the oxyfuel mode |
CN110022964A (zh) * | 2016-10-13 | 2019-07-16 | 马尔克·富尔德 | 分离和固定废气中二氧化碳和/或一氧化碳的方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
国家环境保护局: "《废气卷 建材工业废气治理》", 31 January 2016, 中国环境科学出版社 北京, pages: 102 - 103 * |
张金钟等: "《化肥企业安全技术管理》", 30 November 1991, 化学工业出版社, pages: 195 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2021124231A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
US20220411707A1 (en) | 2022-12-29 |
EP3839015A1 (en) | 2021-06-23 |
EP3839015B1 (en) | 2022-04-27 |
MX2022007251A (es) | 2022-07-13 |
PT3839015T (pt) | 2022-07-22 |
PL3839015T3 (pl) | 2022-06-27 |
ES2918173T3 (es) | 2022-07-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20240018039A1 (en) | Method of calcining a raw material to obtain a cementitious material | |
Bosoaga et al. | CO2 capture technologies for cement industry | |
US10829413B2 (en) | Process and apparatus for manufacture of calcined compounds for the production of calcined products | |
EP1879693A2 (en) | Methods and systems for reducing emissions | |
WO2009105441A1 (en) | Method of manufacturing carbon-rich product and co-products | |
KR20230118839A (ko) | 시멘트 클링커 제조 시스템 및 시멘트 클링커 제조 방법 | |
CN113606946A (zh) | 一种水泥窑尾烟气的二氧化碳捕集系统及减排方法 | |
JP7466412B2 (ja) | セメント製造方法及びセメント製造システム | |
US20160181639A1 (en) | Energy generation process | |
EP3839015B1 (en) | Method of processing exhaust gas | |
JP7555867B2 (ja) | セメントクリンカ製造システム及びセメントクリンカ製造方法 | |
JP2023016868A (ja) | セメント製造排ガス中のco2活用方法及びco2活用システム | |
JP2022149127A (ja) | セメントクリンカ製造システム及びセメントクリンカ製造方法 | |
CN103664016B (zh) | 一种有源煤气化生产水泥的方法和回转窑装置 | |
JP2019156706A (ja) | 水素の製造方法 | |
Kline et al. | Cement and CO 2: what's happening | |
EP4166527A1 (en) | Method for activating co2 in exhaust gas from cement production, and co2 activation system | |
US20230142046A1 (en) | Calcination Process | |
JP2024519753A (ja) | 石灰またはドライムを製造するための方法および設備 | |
WO2024105534A1 (en) | Method of calcining a raw material to obtain a cementitious material | |
JP2022148255A (ja) | セメントクリンカ製造システム及びセメントクリンカ製造方法 | |
JP2023041724A (ja) | セメントクリンカ製造方法 | |
CN117923816A (zh) | 一种环保型高含铁量水泥生产装置及生产方法 | |
JP2022147034A (ja) | セメントクリンカ製造システム及びセメントクリンカ製造方法 | |
JP2024139977A (ja) | セメントクリンカ製造システム及びセメントクリンカ製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |