CN114777132A

CN114777132A - Water-cooled solid waste incineration grate

Info

Publication number: CN114777132A
Application number: CN202210451218.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾小勤
Original assignee: Wuxi Huaguang Environment and Energy Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Wuxi Huaguang Environment and Energy Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-27
Filing date: 2022-04-27
Publication date: 2022-07-22
Also published as: WO2023206866A1

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste incineration equipment, in particular to a water-cooled solid waste incineration grate, which can effectively improve the cooling effect, ensure the service life of grate segments, reduce the use cost and improve the treatment efficiency and the treatment effect of solid waste, and comprises a grate steel frame and a grate component arranged on the grate steel frame, wherein an air chamber is arranged below the grate component, the grate component comprises a movable grate and a fixed grate, the movable grate is connected with a driving component through a movable beam frame at the bottom, cooling water pipes are respectively arranged on the movable grate and the fixed grate, one end of each cooling water pipe is connected with a main water inlet pipe, the other end of each cooling water pipe is connected with a main water outlet pipe, the main water inlet pipe and the main water outlet pipe are connected with an external water inlet pipeline and an external water outlet pipeline through intermediate connecting pipes, the intermediate connecting pipes corresponding to the fixed grates are fixed on the grate steel frame, the intermediate connecting pipes corresponding to the movable grates are connected with the driving component and the movable beam frame, the middle connecting pipe is internally provided with a clapboard for separating a water inlet channel and a water outlet channel.

Description

Water-cooled solid waste incineration grate

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste incineration equipment, in particular to a water-cooled solid waste incineration grate.

Background

China is one of the countries with the largest solid waste generation amount in the world, more than 100 hundred million tons of solid waste are newly added in the country every year, and the situation of annual increase is presented. The waste surrounding cities and the solid wastes are difficult to be consumed, so that the waste surrounding cities and the solid wastes become heavy burden for the development of some cities, the huge solid wastes accumulate the stockpiling amount and the annual production amount, if the solid wastes are not properly treated and utilized, the environment is seriously polluted, and the resources are greatly wasted. The incineration treatment has obvious reduction effect and is beneficial to realizing the resource utilization of solid wastes, so that the incineration treatment becomes the mainstream of the solid waste disposal technology.

Traditional solid waste incineration grate all adopts bottom forced air cooling form, and the cooling effect is not good, and when burning with the solid useless of high calorific value, the grate segment temperature rise hardness reduces, and the life of grate segment reduces, needs often to change the maintenance, has increased the cost, also can cause the influence to the treatment effeciency and the effect of solid useless simultaneously.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems of poor cooling effect, short service life, high cost and poor treatment efficiency and effect of solid waste influenced by the conventional solid waste incineration grate, the invention provides the water-cooled solid waste incineration grate which can effectively improve the cooling effect, ensure the service life of grate segments, reduce the use cost and improve the treatment efficiency and effect of solid waste.

The technical scheme is as follows: a water-cooled solid waste incineration grate comprises a grate steel frame and a grate component arranged on the grate steel frame, an air chamber is arranged below the grate component, the grate component comprises a movable grate and a fixed grate, the movable grate is connected with a driving component through a movable beam frame at the bottom, it is characterized in that the movable grate and the fixed grate are respectively provided with a cooling water pipe, one end of the cooling water pipe is connected with a water inlet main pipe, the other end of the cooling water pipe is connected with a water outlet main pipe, the water inlet main pipe and the water outlet main pipe are connected with an external water inlet pipeline and an external water outlet pipeline through a middle connecting pipe, the middle connecting pipes corresponding to the fixed grates are fixed on the grate steel frame, the middle connecting pipes corresponding to the movable grates are connected with the driving assembly and the movable beam frame, and partition plates are arranged in the middle connecting pipes to separate a water inlet channel and a water outlet channel.

The fire grate is further characterized in that a sliding plate assembly is arranged on the fire grate steel frame, and the movable beam framework is supported on the sliding plate assembly;

the water inlet main pipe and the water outlet main pipe are connected with the cooling water pipe through distribution branch pipes, and the cooling water pipe is a coiled pipe;

the main water inlet pipe and the main water outlet pipe corresponding to the movable grate are arranged in the middle of the grate steel frame, and the main water inlet pipe and the main water outlet pipe corresponding to the fixed grate are arranged at positions close to the outer side of the grate steel frame;

the middle position of the grate steel frame is provided with two middle baffles, two sides of the grate steel frame are respectively provided with a side baffle, a movable ring is fixed on the outer side of the side baffle, the movable ring is transversely and slidably mounted on the grate steel frame, a fixed ring is fixed on the grate steel frame, the movable ring is connected with the fixed ring through a side spring, a spring support is arranged between the two middle baffles, middle springs are respectively arranged between two sides of the spring support and the two middle baffles, and an upper baffle is arranged above the middle baffle;

the upper part of the middle baffle is provided with an insertion block, and two sides of the upper baffle are provided with slots matched with the insertion block;

the fire grate component is sequentially divided into a drying fire grate, a combustion fire grate and an after-burning fire grate from high to low, and height drops of more than 1.4 meters are arranged between the drying fire grate and the combustion fire grate and between the combustion fire grate and the after-burning fire grate;

the front ends of the drying grate, the combustion grate and the burn-out grate are all provided with shielding plates.

After the grate is adopted, on the basis of the air cooling of the original grate, a water cooling system is added, cooling water enters from an outer side water inlet pipeline, flows through a water inlet main pipe and a cooling water pipe, cools the grate segments, and then is sent out from a water outlet main pipe and an outer side water outlet pipeline, the working temperature of the grate segments can be greatly lower than the allowable value of casting materials together with the air cooling, the service life of the grate is ensured, the maintenance and replacement times are reduced, the use cost is reduced, and the treatment efficiency and the treatment effect of solid waste are improved; furthermore, the movable beam frame is supported on the sliding plate assembly, the abrasion degree is delayed, the service life is prolonged, expansion compensation mechanisms formed by springs and baffles are arranged on the two sides and the middle of the fire grates, the slag leakage amount is reduced, the incomplete combustion loss of boiler machinery is reduced, the total heat efficiency of the boiler is improved, large drops are arranged among different fire grates, the solid waste is turned and loosened, and the solid waste burnout is accelerated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the arrangement of cooling water pipes of the moving grate;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the arrangement of cooling water pipes of the fixed grate;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of D in FIG. 2

Fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of fig. 2 at E.

Detailed Description

As shown in figures 1 to 8, the water-cooled solid waste incineration grate comprises a grate steel frame 3 and a grate component 2 arranged on the grate steel frame 3, an air chamber is arranged below the grate component 2, the grate component 2 is divided into a drying grate 2-1, a combustion grate 2-2 and an after-burning grate 2-3 in sequence from high to low, a height drop of more than 1.4 m is arranged between the drying grate and the combustion grate and between the combustion grate and the after-burning grate, the front ends of the drying grate, the combustion grate and the after-burning grate are all provided with a shielding plate 1 which can prevent solid waste from being brought into the air chamber at the lower part when the movable grate 2-4 in the grate component 2 reciprocates, the drying grate 2-1, the combustion grate 2-2 and the after-burning grate 2-3 respectively comprise a movable grate 2-4 and a fixed grate 2-5, the movable grate 2-4 is connected with a driving component 5 through a movable beam frame 4 at the bottom, the movable fire grates 2-4 and the fixed fire grates 2-5 are respectively provided with a cooling water pipe 8, the cooling water pipes are coiled pipes and can cover more cooling areas, one end of each cooling water pipe 8 is connected with a water inlet main pipe 8-1 through a distribution branch pipe 8-3, the other end of each cooling water pipe 8 is connected with a water outlet main pipe 8-2 through a distribution branch pipe 8-3, the water inlet main pipe 8-1 and the water outlet main pipe 8-2 are connected with an external outer water inlet pipeline 8-5 and an outer water outlet pipeline 8-6 through an intermediate connecting pipe 8-4, the intermediate connecting pipe 8-4 corresponding to the fixed fire grates 2-5 is fixed on the fire grate steel frame 3 and is fixedly arranged, the intermediate connecting pipe 8-4 corresponding to the movable fire grates 2-4 is connected with a connecting rod component 6 between the driving component 5 and the movable beam frame 4 and can be used as a part of the connecting rod component 6 for transmission, meanwhile, the inner part of the middle connecting pipe 8-4 is hollow and can be communicated with water, a partition plate 8-7 is arranged in the middle connecting pipe 8-4 to separate a water inlet channel 8-8 and a water outlet channel 8-9, and the middle connecting pipe 8-4 corresponding to the movable fire grate 2-4 moves along with the movable fire grate 2-4, so that the outer water inlet pipeline 8-5 and the outer water outlet pipeline 8-6 are connected with metal hoses 8-10. In order to ensure the sealing performance of the middle connecting pipe 8-4, a sealing component 7 is arranged at the position penetrating through the grate steel frame 3 to prevent primary air in the air chamber from escaping outwards.

The grate steel frame 3 is provided with a sliding plate assembly 9, the movable beam frame 4 is supported on the sliding plate assembly 9 and consists of a plurality of stainless steel plates and oil-free sliding plate friction pairs, and supporting and smooth sliding are realized. The fire grate adjusting mechanism 10 in the drawing is a thread mechanism for adjusting the integral levelness of the fire grate during field installation, so that the fire grate can be conveniently and quickly installed at the field.

The main water inlet pipe 8-1 and the main water outlet pipe 8-2 corresponding to the movable grate 2-4 are arranged in the middle of the grate steel frame 3, the main water inlet pipe 8-1 and the main water outlet pipe 8-2 corresponding to the fixed grate 2-5 are arranged at positions close to the outer side of the grate steel frame 3, the main water inlet pipe 8-1 and the main water outlet pipe 8-2 are staggered up and down, and the embodiment is characterized in that the main water inlet pipe 8-1 and the main water outlet pipe 8-2 are arranged in an upper-in and lower-out mode.

Two middle baffles 11 are arranged in the middle of the fire grate steel frame 3, side baffles 12 are arranged on two sides of the fire grate steel frame 3 respectively, movable rings 13 are fixed on the outer sides of the side baffles 12, the movable rings 13 are transversely slidably mounted on the fire grate steel frame 3, fixed rings 14 are fixed on the fire grate steel frame 3, the movable rings 13 are connected with the fixed rings 14 through side springs 15, spring supports 16 are arranged between the two middle baffles 11, middle springs 17 are arranged between two sides of each spring support 16 and the two middle baffles 11 respectively, an upper baffle 18 is arranged above the middle baffle 11, an insertion block is arranged on the upper portion of each middle baffle 11, and insertion slots matched with the insertion blocks are arranged on two sides of each upper baffle 18, so that the upper baffles 18 can be fixed and cannot fall off; the preset pressing force of the side baffle and the fire grate segment is realized through the preset spring mounting height, so that on one hand, the gap between the side baffle and the fire grate segment is basically eliminated, and the material leakage at the position is prevented; on the other hand, the grate segments are prevented from being pressed too tightly with the baffles on the two sides after thermal expansion, and abrasion between the side baffles and the grate segments is increased. The side baffle plates 12 and the middle baffle plate 11 are used together to enable the whole grate moving part to be positioned at the position required by design, and even when the grate runs in a hot state, the slag leakage quantity at the two sides of the grate and at the gap between the grate segments is still small.

Each group of fire grates can be divided into single-row or multi-row modules in the width direction according to different solid waste treatment capacities. Each functional module is independently manufactured in a factory, and the complete water-cooling solid waste incineration grate can be combined after the functional modules are quickly assembled in a construction site. The fire grate segments in each functional module are alternately arranged at movable and fixed intervals in the front-back direction.

Claims

1. A water-cooled solid waste incineration grate, which comprises a grate steel frame and a grate component arranged on the grate steel frame, an air chamber is arranged below the grate component, the grate component comprises a movable grate and a fixed grate, the movable grate is connected with a driving component through a movable beam frame at the bottom, it is characterized in that the movable grate and the fixed grate are respectively provided with a cooling water pipe, one end of the cooling water pipe is connected with a water inlet main pipe, the other end of the cooling water pipe is connected with a water outlet main pipe, the water inlet main pipe and the water outlet main pipe are connected with an external water inlet pipeline and an external water outlet pipeline through a middle connecting pipe, the middle connecting pipes corresponding to the fixed grates are fixed on the grate steel frame, the middle connecting pipes corresponding to the movable grates are connected with the driving assembly and the movable beam frame, and a partition plate is arranged in each middle connecting pipe to divide a water inlet channel and a water outlet channel; the fire grate steel frame is provided with a sliding plate assembly, and the movable beam frame is supported on the sliding plate assembly; the water inlet main pipe and the water outlet main pipe are connected with the cooling water pipe through distribution branch pipes, and the cooling water pipe is a coiled pipe.

2. The water-cooled solid waste incineration grate of claim 1, wherein the main water inlet pipe and the main water outlet pipe corresponding to the movable grate are arranged at the middle position of the grate steel frame, and the main water inlet pipe and the main water outlet pipe corresponding to the fixed grate are arranged at the position close to the outer side of the grate steel frame.

3. The water-cooled solid waste incineration grate of claim 1, wherein two middle baffles are arranged in the middle of the grate steel frame, side baffles are arranged on two sides of the grate steel frame respectively, a movable ring is fixed on the outer side of each side baffle, the movable ring is transversely slidably mounted on the grate steel frame, a fixed ring is fixed on the grate steel frame, the movable ring is connected with the fixed ring through a side spring, a spring support is arranged between the two middle baffles, middle springs are arranged between two sides of the spring support and the two middle baffles respectively, and an upper baffle is arranged above the middle baffles.

4. The water-cooled solid waste incineration grate of claim 3, wherein the upper portion of the middle baffle is provided with an insert block, and slots matched with the insert block are arranged on two sides of the upper baffle.

5. The water-cooled solid waste incineration grate of claim 1, wherein the grate assembly is divided into a drying grate, a combustion grate and an after-burning grate in sequence from high to low, and height drops of more than 1.4 meters are arranged between the drying grate and the combustion grate and between the combustion grate and the after-burning grate.

6. The water-cooled solid waste incineration grate of claim 1, wherein the front ends of the drying grate, the combustion grate and the burn-out grate are all provided with shielding plates.