CN209763110U - Low air ratio high temperature combustion water-cooling fire grate - Google Patents
Low air ratio high temperature combustion water-cooling fire grate Download PDFInfo
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- CN209763110U CN209763110U CN201821681613.6U CN201821681613U CN209763110U CN 209763110 U CN209763110 U CN 209763110U CN 201821681613 U CN201821681613 U CN 201821681613U CN 209763110 U CN209763110 U CN 209763110U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an incinerator field, concretely relates to use at waste incinerator's water-cooling grate constitutes the grate segment of water-cooling grate is equipped with the water cavity. Because the fixed line and the movable line of the water-cooling grate of the utility model are divided into the independent waterway structure with the left side and the right side being overlapped, the temperature difference of the whole grate in the width direction is reduced to the minimum, and the conditions of incomplete burning and over burning are avoided; compared with an air-cooling grate, the air consumption of the cooling grate segments is reduced, and the air-cooling grate is more suitable for low air ratio combustion so as to reduce the emission of flue gas; the surface temperature of the fire grate segment is reduced to be below 250 ℃, so that the service life of the fire grate segment is prolonged by more than 5 years, the maintenance period is prolonged by more than 20%, and the operation cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an incinerator field, concretely relates to use water-cooling grate at waste incinerator.
Background
In garbage incinerators, there is a tendency for the combustion chamber to have a high flue gas temperature, with a view to dioxin suppression. The low air ratio and high temperature combustion which is advocated nowadays also meets the requirements of high efficiency and low pollution of incineration, and the requirement of high heat value garbage incineration, high temperature is a still-elusive topic. Under such conditions, water cooling technology is indispensable for pursuing high durability of the incinerator.
The garbage can be classified into general household garbage, high-calorific-value household garbage, industrial garbage, medical garbage, biomass garbage and the like due to different types of garbage. The heat value of general household garbage is lower, and the mechanical grate furnace has gradually occupied the leading position of household garbage incineration equipment due to the characteristics of strong adaptability, reliable operation, high controllability and the like.
The traditional mechanical grate furnace mainly uses air cooling, primary air is blown into a hearth from a grate next air ash bucket, and when the primary air stops at the bottom of the grate, a labyrinth arrangement structure at the bottom of a grate segment plays a role in guiding, the primary air is guided to cool the surface of the grate segment, the temperature is reduced, and the grate is prevented from being burnt.
But the cooling effect of the air-cooling mechanical grate furnace is limited, and the air-cooling mechanical grate furnace is not suitable for burning other garbage with higher heat value.
Therefore, the water cooling design has become a trend to make mechanical grate furnaces useful for the incineration of high-calorific-value domestic waste, industrial waste, medical waste and biomass waste with a higher calorific value. The water-cooled grate has stronger adaptability to the heat value of the garbage, so that various garbage can be mixed and burnt, thereby increasing the economic benefit.
In the field of biomass waste incineration, the water-cooling vibrating grate technology is widely applied. The water path arrangement method is shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic view of a water path of a water-cooled vibrating grate in the prior art. Cooling water enters the front water cooling header 3 from the water inlet 1 and then flows to each longitudinal water cooling pipe 4, and the surface temperature of the fire grate is reduced through heat convection and heat conduction. So as to avoid the over-temperature of the fire grate and the burning loss of the fire grate, and simultaneously ensure the sufficient and efficient combustion of fuel and the smooth discharge of slag. Then flows to the rear water-cooling header 5 through each water-cooling pipe 4 and finally flows out from the water outlet 2.
The existing water-cooling vibrating grate can effectively prevent the grate from being over-burnt in the field of biomass combustion, but because the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively arranged at the upper left and the lower right (or the upper right and the lower left) of the whole grate area, similar to a diagonal arrangement mode, in the practical application process, the temperature difference exists on the surfaces of the left grate and the right grate, fuel combustion is not uniform, the conditions of insufficient combustion or over-burning exist, and the overall efficiency is reduced. Meanwhile, the difference of the water-cooled fire grate for incinerating the domestic garbage and the water-cooled vibrating fire grate makes the domestic garbage not be completely implemented on the water-cooled fire grate.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art and providing a water-cooling grate suitable for low-air ratio and high-temperature combustion.
The utility model discloses a concrete technical scheme is: a water-cooled grate for low-air-ratio high-temperature combustion is characterized in that a water cavity is formed in a grate segment of the water-cooled grate.
In order to realize uniform cooling, the water cavities are arranged inside the fire grate in an M-shaped longitudinal arrangement mode as far as possible, and proper distance is guaranteed between the water cavities and the working surface of the fire grate segment, so that the cooling effect and the service life of the fire grate segment are guaranteed.
The flexible metal pipe is connected with the inlet and outlet of the water cavity corresponding to the adjacent fire grate sheets, and each row of fire grates is provided with an independent through water path.
The water inlet and outlet header is set on the left and right of the fixed and movable rows of the water-cooled grate, the water inlet and outlet directions of the fixed and movable grates are opposite, and the fixed and movable grates are connected to two water paths formed by connecting water cavities of grate segments.
The water inlet and outlet header of the movable grate is fixed on the driving beam of the movable grate.
The fire grate segment can adopt a casting water cavity, and a water pipe can also be embedded in the fire grate segment.
The lower part of the water-cooling fire grate segment is provided with a thermocouple, the surface temperature of the fire grate is measured, the garbage combustion condition on the surface of the fire grate is judged according to temperature data, and uniform combustion is achieved by adjusting the running speed of the fire grate and the cooling water amount.
The utility model has the advantages that:
Because the fixed line and the movable line of the water-cooling grate of the utility model are divided into the independent waterway structure with the left side and the right side being overlapped, the temperature difference of the whole grate in the width direction is reduced to the minimum, and the conditions of incomplete burning and over burning are avoided; the water inlet and outlet header of the movable grate is fixed on the driving beam of the movable grate, so that the use number of hoses is reduced, and the increase of fault points is avoided; the arrangement of the water cavity of the water-cooling fire grate segment can adjust the temperature of a single fire grate segment through the change of the size of the water cavity, and avoid the uneven heating of different parts of the same fire grate segment to generate thermal stress and cause the burning loss of the fire grate segment; compared with the original serial connection mode, the parallel water path arrangement mode has the advantages that when the single-row cooling water leaks, the single-row cooling water can be replaced by air cooling, and the operation of the whole grate system is not influenced; the cooling effect is optimized by the built-in water path, and the corrosion resistance of the fire grate segment ensures the stable operation of the whole circulating water system; the M-shaped water cavities are longitudinally arranged, so that the cooling water stays in the fire grate segment for a longer time, and the cooling effect of the surface of the whole fire grate segment is more uniform; the high-efficiency cooling enables the grate to bear fuel with higher heat value, and is suitable for mixed burning of various high-heat value garbage; compared with an air-cooling grate, the air consumption of the cooling grate segments is reduced, and the air-cooling grate is more suitable for low air ratio combustion so as to reduce the emission of flue gas; the surface temperature of the fire grate segment is reduced to be below 250 ℃, so that the service life of the fire grate segment is prolonged by more than 5 years, the maintenance period is prolonged by more than 20%, and the operation cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a water path of a water-cooled vibrating grate in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the water-cooled grate of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the top view of the water-cooled grate of the present invention.
3 fig. 34 3 is 3 a 3 schematic 3 view 3 of 3 a 3 cross 3- 3 section 3 a 3- 3 a 3 of 3 the 3 middle 3 water 3- 3 cooling 3 grate 3 of 3 the 3 present 3 invention 3. 3
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a water path of the single-row movable grate of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a water path of the single row fixed grate of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the shape structure of the reclaimed water cooling grate segment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of the appearance structure of the middle water cooling grate segment of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic plan view of the appearance structure of the middle water cooling grate segment of fig. 7.
In the figure: 1-cooling water inlet, 2-cooling water outlet, 3-front water-cooling header, 4-water-cooling pipe, 5-rear water-cooling header, 101-water inlet header, 102-water outlet header, 103-water-cooling grate segment, 104-metal flexible pipe, 105-cooling water inlet, 106-cooling water outlet, 107-grate segment water cavity, 108-movable grate driving beam, 201-water-cooling grate segment body, 202-grate segment cooling water inlet and outlet, and 203-grate segment M-type water cavity.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the structure of the low air ratio high temperature combustion water-cooling grate of the present invention is schematically illustrated. The circulating cooling water enters the water inlet header 101 from the cooling water inlets 105 positioned at the front parts of the two sides of the fire grates, and the cooling water is conveyed into each row of fire grates in a parallel connection mode. The outlet of the water inlet header 101 at the inner side of the furnace is connected and flows into the water-cooled grate bars 103 through the metal flexible pipes 104. Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the external structure of the water-cooled fire grate segment. The water flow flows in from the water inlet 202 at one side, passes through the M-shaped water cavity 203 of the fire grate segment and then flows out from the water outlet 202 at the other side, and the fire grate segment is cooled through water heat exchange. The detailed water flow direction of the single-row moving grate is shown in fig. 5, cooling water in the left water inlet header 101 flows into the water cavity 107 of the grate segment through the metal flexible pipe 104, is guided out through the metal flexible pipe 104, flows into the water cavity 107 of the next grate segment, and flows in a cycle, finally flows into the right water outlet header 102, and finally flows out through the cooling water outlet 106; the detailed water flow direction of the single-row fixed grate is shown in fig. 6, and the cooling water in the right water inlet header 101 flows into the grate segment water cavity 107 through the metal flexible pipe 104, is guided out through the metal flexible hose 104, flows into the next grate segment water cavity 107, circulates, finally flows into the left water outlet header 102, and finally flows out through the cooling water outlet 106. The two side inlet header tanks 101 and the two side outlet header tanks 102 are arranged up and down. The movable grate inlet header 101 and outlet header 102 located at the upper part are fixed on the movable grate driving beam 108, and when in operation, reciprocate together with the movable grate and the movable grate driving beam 108.
The implementation effect is as follows:
Temperature contrast of air-cooled grate and water-cooled grate
TABLE I (domestic garbage high grade calorific value 3000kcal/kg, treatment capacity 100t/d)
| Time of day | Air-cooled fire grate of combustion section(℃) | Water-cooled grate at combustion section (DEG C) | Temperature difference (. degree. C.) |
| 00:00 | 221 | 158 | 63 |
| 04:00 | 234 | 111 | 123 |
| 08:00 | 264 | 152 | 112 |
| 12:00 | 252 | 103 | 149 |
| 16:00 | 227 | 118 | 109 |
| 20:00 | 321 | 149 | 172 |
| 24:00 | 305 | 127 | 178 |
Example analysis of results:
It can be seen from the above implementation results that the utility model is used for the domestic waste burns, and water-cooling grate surface temperature guarantees about 130 ℃, and under the same operating mode, about air cooling grate temperature peak point and water-cooling grate temperature peak difference 180 ℃. The integral cooling effect on the fire grate is obvious. The water inlet and outlet header of the movable grate is fixed on the driving beam of the movable grate, so that the number of the used hoses is reduced, the increase of fault points is avoided, the maintenance period is prolonged by more than 20%, the service life of the grate is greatly prolonged, and the operation cost is greatly reduced.
Claims (4)
1. A low air ratio high temperature combustion water-cooled grate is characterized in that a grate segment forming the water-cooled grate is provided with a water cavity; the water cavity of the fire grate segment is M-shaped; the fire grate pieces are longitudinally arranged and are arranged inside the fire grate; the flexible metal pipe is connected with the inlet and the outlet of the water cavity corresponding to the adjacent fire grate sheets, and each row of fire grates is provided with an independent through water path; the water inlet and outlet header is set on the left and right of the fixed and movable rows of the water-cooled grate, the water inlet and outlet directions of the fixed and movable grates are opposite, and the fixed and movable grates are connected to two water paths formed by connecting water cavities of grate segments.
2. The water-cooled grate with the low air ratio and the high temperature combustion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water inlet and outlet headers of the movable grate are fixed on a driving beam of the movable grate.
3. The water-cooled grate with the low air ratio and the high temperature combustion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water cavity of the grate segment is a cast water cavity, or a water pipe is embedded in the grate segment.
4. The water-cooled grate with low air ratio and high temperature combustion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower part of the water-cooled grate segment is provided with a thermocouple for measuring the surface temperature of the grate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821681613.6U CN209763110U (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2018-10-17 | Low air ratio high temperature combustion water-cooling fire grate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821681613.6U CN209763110U (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2018-10-17 | Low air ratio high temperature combustion water-cooling fire grate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN209763110U true CN209763110U (en) | 2019-12-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201821681613.6U Active CN209763110U (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2018-10-17 | Low air ratio high temperature combustion water-cooling fire grate |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112178661A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-05 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | Large-scale domestic waste water-cooling grate furnace |
| CN112628759A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-09 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Semi-water-cooling grate structure and incinerator thereof |
| CN114321949A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-12 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | High-calorific-value water-cooled grate furnace for domestic garbage incineration |
-
2018
- 2018-10-17 CN CN201821681613.6U patent/CN209763110U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112178661A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-05 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | Large-scale domestic waste water-cooling grate furnace |
| WO2022082888A1 (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-04-28 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | Large household garbage water-cooling grate furnace |
| CN112628759A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-09 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Semi-water-cooling grate structure and incinerator thereof |
| CN114321949A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-12 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | High-calorific-value water-cooled grate furnace for domestic garbage incineration |
| CN114321949B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2023-02-17 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | High-calorific-value water-cooled grate furnace for domestic garbage incineration |
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