CN114775643A - Three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net pad for side slope and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net pad for side slope and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114775643A CN114775643A CN202210264264.2A CN202210264264A CN114775643A CN 114775643 A CN114775643 A CN 114775643A CN 202210264264 A CN202210264264 A CN 202210264264A CN 114775643 A CN114775643 A CN 114775643A
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/28—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/02—Restraining of open water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/005—Soil-conditioning by mixing with fibrous materials, filaments, open mesh or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0007—Production methods using a mold
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/30—Miscellaneous comprising anchoring details
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The three-dimensional soil-fixation water-retention net cushion for the side slope and the preparation method thereof comprise a slope protection net, wherein a plurality of meshes are arranged on the slope protection net, at least part of meshes of the slope protection net are provided with first net bags located below the slope protection net, the first net bags are used for loading water-retention particles, first through holes are formed in the first net bags, and the diameters of the first through holes are smaller than the particle diameters of the water-retention particles. According to the invention, the first net bag of the slope protection net is used for loading water-retaining particles, so that the water-retaining particles can be effectively prevented from running off along with soil when the slope protection net is washed by rainwater, and the water-retaining capacity of the slope protection is maintained; simultaneously, the granule that protects expands to a certain extent after absorbing water for rivers can be showing the mobility that reduces soil at the local vortex of formation of streaming in-process when flowing through first string bag, reach the soil stabilization effect, reduce the soil loss of bank protection, thereby improve the survival rate of bank protection plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment construction, in particular to a three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net pad for a side slope and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, China carries out a large amount of treatment work on expressway side slopes, large-scale hydraulic engineering reservoir side slopes and ecological river side slopes, forms ecological slope protection by paving and planting plants on the side slopes, restores ecological balance and prevents the side slopes from being washed away. In the ecological restoration process of the side slope, the key for improving the survival rate of plants in the soil is to keep the soil layer of the side slope moist.
In order to keep the soil moist, drip irrigation systems are mainly adopted for carrying out drip irrigation in the prior art, or water retention agents are added into the soil for retaining water. The drip irrigation system has low domestic popularization rate due to high cost. The water-retaining agent is added into soil in a lower cost mode, so that the water-retaining agent is widely used for slope ecological restoration.
The common agricultural and forestry water-retaining agent special for slope protection mainly comprises a chemical water-retaining agent and a mineral water-retaining agent. Patent CN112119866A discloses a three-dimensional greening water-retaining matrix, wherein the water-retaining matrix adopts a chemical water-retaining agent polyacrylamide for water retention, and simultaneously adopts fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to reduce water volatilization, so that the water-retaining effect is realized; patent CN102464982A provides a mineral polymerization type water-retaining agent, which is prepared by mixing palygorskite serving as a raw material with polyacrylamide, sodium humate and ammonium persulfate, and is added into soil to play a role in water retention. However, no matter which type of water-retaining agent is adopted, the water-retaining agent is mixed with soil in directly adding to soil when using, and although soil possesses water retention function, under the washing away of rainwater, the water-retaining agent will be along with the soil on the side slope together runs off for not only plant living space reduces, and the water-retaining capacity of bank protection also descends moreover, causes the plant seed to be difficult to survive on the side slope, and the plant survival rate is low, and side slope ecological remediation process is slow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net cushion for a side slope and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, when a slope protection is washed by heavy rain in a mode of directly mixing a water-retaining agent into soil, the water-retaining agent can run off along with the soil, so that the survival space of plants is reduced, the water-retaining capacity of the slope protection is reduced, and finally the survival rate of the plants is low and the ecological restoration process of the side slope is difficult.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
slope is with three-dimensional soil stabilization water conservation net pad, including the slope protection net, be provided with a plurality of meshs on the slope protection net, be provided with the first string bag that is located slope protection net below on at least partial mesh of slope protection net, first string bag is used for loading the granule of moisturizing, first through-hole has been seted up on the first string bag, the diameter of first through-hole is less than the particle diameter of the granule of moisturizing.
Among this technical scheme, be provided with first string bag on the part or whole mesh of slope protection net, first string bag is preferred hemisphere, cone structure. The opening of the first net bag is upward, and the opening of the first net bag is communicated with the meshes. The inside and the outside of the first string bag of first through-hole intercommunication of seting up on the first string bag to the moisture that makes in the soil can enter into first string bag through first through-hole and is absorbed by the granule of protecting water, and on the same principle, when soil moisture is not enough, the moisture of protecting water granule release can enter into soil through first through-hole.
The water retaining particle of putting into in the first string bag can be the special agriculture and forestry water-retaining agent of current bank protection, and the water retaining particle both can be chemical water-retaining agent, also can be mineral water-retaining agent, can also be the mixture of two kinds of water-retaining agents.
After the three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net mat is laid on the side slope, the slope protection net and the first net bag are buried in a soil layer of the side slope. When the soil is wet, the water retention particles filled in the first net bag absorb the water in the soil, so that the evaporation amount of the water in the soil is reduced; when the soil is dry, the water-retaining particles release water into the soil, moisten the surrounding soil and keep the soil moist, so that the regulation of the wettability of the soil is realized, and the purposes of water absorption, water retention, water locking and water release are achieved; when heavy rain erodees the side slope, first string bag can pin and protect the water granule, reduces along with soil loss's guarantor granule volume by a wide margin, and then maintains the water conservation ability of bank protection effectively.
In the technical scheme, the first net bag of the slope protection net is used for loading water-retaining particles, so that the water-retaining particles can be effectively prevented from running off along with soil during rainwater washing, and the water-retaining capacity of the slope protection is maintained; meanwhile, the water-retaining particles expand to a certain degree after absorbing water, so that when water flows through the first net bag, a local vortex is formed in the flow winding process, the fluidity of soil is obviously reduced, the soil-fixing effect is achieved, the soil loss of a slope protection is reduced, and the survival rate of slope protection plants is improved; moreover, the volume of first string bag is clear and definite, therefore can be through adjusting the granule filling amount of protecting water in the first string bag, the distribution of the granule of protecting water on the macroscopical regulation and control bank protection for the guarantor's granule of protecting water of each department on the bank protection distributes evenly, and soil moisture degree everywhere is unanimously, is favorable to the growth of plant on the bank protection more, and the maintenance of bank protection.
As a preferred embodiment of the water retention particles of the present invention, the water retention particles comprise a bowl having walls that allow water to flow into or out of the bowl, the bowl being filled with a mineral water retention agent.
In the prior art, the water absorption capacity of the chemical water-retaining agent is strong and is usually greater than that of plant seeds or seedlings, so that when the soil moisture is insufficient, the chemical water-retaining agent can absorb a small amount of moisture in the soil, the plant seeds or seedlings are difficult to be sufficiently supplied with water, and the chemical water-retaining agent can generate negative effects on the soil after being used for a long time. The mineral water-retaining agent has weak water absorption capacity and slow absorption and release, does not compete with plant seeds or seedlings for a small amount of water, but has poor water-retaining effect due to too slow absorption process, and meanwhile, chemical agents such as chemical water-retaining agents, adhesives and thickening agents are usually adopted in the mineral water-retaining agent to improve the structural integrity, so that the chemical agents can be introduced into soil, the acid-base change, the fertility reduction, the hardening and other negative effects of the soil are caused, and the plant growth is not facilitated.
In the technical scheme, the water retention particles comprise a pot body and a mineral water retention agent positioned in the pot body. The bowl body can be in a regular or irregular spherical structure and can also be in a cuboid structure. The bowl may be a closed structure, such as a sphere, or an open structure, such as a hemisphere.
The mineral water-retaining agent that sets up in the alms bowl body is used for absorbing water, and the relative chemistry water-retaining agent of mineral water-retaining agent process of absorbing water is slower, nevertheless produces negative effects than the chemistry water-retaining agent littleer to soil, and can supply water to soil and plant roots more fully, even extreme arid also can not suck back plant moisture.
Among this technical scheme, utilize the alms bowl body to load mineral water retaining agent can further reduce the loss of mineral water retaining agent when rainwash, and simultaneously, owing to adopt the alms bowl body to load mineral water retaining agent, need not to add the adhesive among the mineral water retaining agent, chemical agents such as thickening agent, thereby further reduce chemical agents's quantity, reduce the negative effects that the water retaining agent produced to soil, furthermore, moisture gets into behind the alms bowl body, can be detained a period so that mineral water retaining agent fully absorbs water, the defect that mineral water retaining agent ability of absorbing water is weak has been compensatied to a certain extent, the ability of absorbing water of moisturizing granule has been improved.
Furthermore, a capillary water guiding column is arranged on the outer wall of the pot body and used for absorbing or releasing water. According to the technical scheme, the capillary water guiding column arranged on the outer wall of the pot body is diffused to the periphery of soil by taking the pot body as a center, the capillary water guiding column is of a capillary tube structure with a small inner diameter, water around the pot body is guided to the pot body better by utilizing the structural characteristics of the capillary tube, the water in the pot body can also be guided to the soil, the water absorbing and releasing capacity of water retaining particles is further improved, and nutrient substances required by growth of crops such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides and the like dissolved in the water in the soil can be fixed in the capillary water guiding column, so that the leaching loss of soluble nutrients is reduced, the effects of saving water and fertilizer and improving the utilization rate of the water and fertilizer are achieved. In addition, the capillary water guiding columns uniformly distributed on the pot body can uniformly guide water with the surrounding environment, and the condition that local water is too much or too little in the water releasing process is avoided.
As a preferred material for the bowl of the present invention, the bowl comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of coconut fiber, 20-25 parts of bagasse, 5-10 parts of silk, 1-5 parts of starch and 5-10 parts of perlite. In the technical scheme, the pot body is mainly made of plant fibers, the coconut shell fibers, the bagasse, the silk and other components have better toughness and impact resistance, the mineral water retention agent in the pot body can be better gathered and protected, and meanwhile, the coconut shell fibers and the bagasse have better water absorbability, when the surrounding soil is wet, the pot body can fully absorb water in the soil, then the mineral water retention agent slowly absorbs the water in the pot body, so that the overall water absorption capacity of the water retention particles is effectively improved, and the water retention particles have enough water absorption capacity on the premise of hardly adding chemical agents.
Further, the mineral water-retaining agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of palygorskite, 5-10 parts of expanded vermiculite, 3-10 parts of bentonite, 5-8 parts of modified zeolite, 5-10 parts of activated carbon and 5-15 parts of peat soil. In the technical scheme, the mineral water-retaining agent is completely composed of minerals, no chemical reagent is added for bonding, and all components of the mineral water-retaining agent are completely gathered by loading the pot body.
Further, the first net bag is connected with an entanglement column. The setting of tangling the post makes the granule of moisturizing in the first string bag when releasing water, can guide rivers more evenly to soil around, avoids the too much or too little condition of local moisture, and, more importantly, plant roots can follow the post growth of tangling in soil, and then improves plant roots and the cross-linking of tangling the post, when the rainwash, plant roots can be through tangling post and first string bag zonulae occludens, has improved the survival rate of bank protection plant with showing, has improved the growth developmental competence of plant.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the mesh holes of the slope protection net which are not provided with the first tuck net, at least part of the mesh holes are provided with a second tuck net positioned above the slope protection net, and the second tuck net is provided with second through holes. In this technical scheme, still be provided with the second string bag, and first string bag and second string bag are located the lower surface and the upper surface of slope protection net respectively, but two kinds of string bags do not set up on same mesh, if be provided with the string bag on a mesh, then on this mesh or set up first string bag, or set up the second string bag. The second through hole on the second net bag can allow the plant rootstock to pass through. The second string bag provides necessary living space for the plant to further improve the side slope effect of consolidating soil, the construction is accomplished the back, fill soil in the second string bag, the gravel, the fine stone, and the plant seed, when the rainwash, the outer wall that the second string bag was flowed through to the rivers produces local vortex, the vortex changes the flow direction of rivers, reduce the rivers scouring force, make the soil that rivers erode and carry, the gravel, the fine stone is detained near the second string bag, therefore, utilize the second string bag can further improve the effect of consolidating soil.
Furthermore, be provided with first string bag or second string bag on the mesh, on the mesh of same line or same row of mesh, first string bag or second string bag distribute in turn. Among this technical scheme, along vertical and two horizontal directions of slope protection net, first string bag must be adjacent with the second string bag, except the effect of solid soil, first string bag mainly used loads the granule of protecting water and realizes absorbing water, protecting water, lock water, releasing water, and the second string bag mainly used provides the growth space of plant. Plant root system in the second string bag is the in-process of growing downwards, and the entanglement column of evenly distributed's first string bag all around can provide stable cross-linking for the growth of plant, and simultaneously, the moisture of each department is even in the soil, can not appear local moisture too much or the condition of too little, provides better growing environment for the plant.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net cushion for the side slope, which is used for preparing any one of the three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net cushions, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
preparing a slope protection net, and forming a first tuck net positioned below the slope protection net on partial meshes of the slope protection net; the slope protection net can be an existing slope protection net, and can also be formed by adopting plastic or metal materials such as high-density polyethylene and the like through wire drawing and fine weaving; first string bag can form with the integrative wire drawing of slope protection net, also can utilize extrusion moulding or die-casting forming process to produce the string bag structure that meets the requirements on the surface of mesh after the slope protection net shaping.
Preparing water-retaining particles, and filling the water-retaining particles into the first net bag.
In some embodiments, a second tuck net is formed above the slope protection net by the same method as that for forming the first tuck net, or another slope protection net is prepared and formed on the other slope protection net, and then two slope protection nets are connected in a hot-pressing manner through a hot-melt die-casting device, so that a three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net cushion is formed.
Further, the preparation of the water-retaining particles comprises the following steps:
(A) crushing coconut shells and bagasse, sieving the crushed coconut shells and bagasse and then disinfecting;
coconut shells and bagasse are selected as raw materials, the coconut shells and the bagasse are cut and crushed, then the crushed coconut shells and bagasse are sieved, and the coconut shells and the bagasse with proper sizes are separated and then placed in a closed fermentation device for high-temperature disinfection;
(B) mixing coconut shells, bagasse, starch, perlite and silk to obtain a mixture, wherein the mixture comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-50 parts of coconut shell fibers, 20-25 parts of bagasse, 5-10 parts of silk, 1-5 parts of starch and 5-10 parts of perlite;
(C) die-casting the mixture by using a die to obtain a bowl body;
(D) and (3) filling a mineral water retention agent into the pot body to obtain water retention particles.
Further, the preparation method of the mineral water retention agent comprises the following steps: the palygorskite, the expanded vermiculite, the modified zeolite, the activated carbon, the bentonite and the peat soil are prepared into 200-mesh powder, and the palygorskite, the expanded vermiculite, the modified zeolite, the bentonite, the activated carbon and the peat soil which are prepared into the 200-mesh powder are put into a rapid mixer to be uniformly stirred and mixed to obtain a mineral water-retaining agent for later use.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the first net bag of the slope protection net is used for loading the water retention particles, so that the water retention particles can be effectively prevented from running off along with soil when the slope protection net is washed by rainwater, and the water retention capability of the slope protection is kept; meanwhile, the water retention particles expand to a certain degree after absorbing water, so that when water flows through the first net bag, a local vortex is formed in the flow winding process, the flowability of soil is obviously reduced, the soil stabilization effect is achieved, the soil loss of the slope protection is reduced, and the survival rate of slope protection plants is improved; moreover, the volume of the first net bag is definite, so that the distribution of the water-retaining particles on the slope protection can be macroscopically regulated and controlled by adjusting the filling amount of the water-retaining particles in the first net bag, so that the water-retaining particles at all positions on the slope protection are uniformly distributed, the moisture degree of the soil at all positions is consistent, and the growth of plants on the slope protection and the maintenance of the slope protection are facilitated;
2. the invention utilizes the bowl body to load the mineral water-retaining agent, which can further reduce the loss of the mineral water-retaining agent when the bowl body is washed by rainwater, meanwhile, because the bowl body is adopted to load the mineral water-retaining agent, chemical reagents such as adhesive, thickening agent and the like are not needed to be added into the mineral water-retaining agent, thereby further reducing the dosage of the chemical reagents, reducing the negative influence of the water-retaining agent on soil, and in addition, after water enters the bowl body, the water can be retained for a period of time so as to facilitate the mineral water-retaining agent to fully absorb water, making up the defect of weak water absorption capacity of the mineral water-retaining agent to a certain extent, and improving the water absorption capacity of water-retaining particles;
3. the bowl body material is mainly made of plant fibers, has good toughness, impact resistance and water absorption, and can fully absorb water in soil when the surrounding soil is wet, and then the mineral water retention agent slowly absorbs the water in the bowl body, so that the water absorption capacity of the whole water retention particles is effectively improved, and the water retention particles have enough water absorption capacity on the premise of hardly adding chemical reagents;
4. according to the invention, the capillary water guide columns are arranged on the pot body, so that the water around the pot body can be better guided to the pot body by utilizing the structural characteristics of the capillary, and the water in the pot body can also be guided into soil, thus further improving the water absorbing and releasing capacity of the water-retaining particles, and meanwhile, the water can be uniformly guided with the surrounding environment, and the condition that the local water is too much or too little in the water releasing process is avoided;
5. the mineral water-retaining agent is completely composed of minerals, no chemical agent is added for bonding, and all components of the mineral water-retaining agent are completely gathered by loading the bowl body.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a water-retaining particle in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net mat laid in a slope soil layer in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net mat according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-slope protection net, 2-mesh, 3-first net bag, 31-entanglement column, 4-second net bag, 51-pot body, 52-mineral water-retaining agent, 53-capillary water-conducting column, 6-plant, 10-slope body, 11-soil base layer and 12-soil surface layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and the accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore, should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 4 three-dimensional soil fixation water retention net cushion for side slope, including slope protection net 1, slope protection net 1 is last to be provided with a plurality of meshs 2, be provided with first string bag 3 that is located slope protection net 1 below on slope protection net 1's at least partial meshs 2, first string bag 3 is used for loading water retention granule, first through-hole has been seted up on first string bag 3, the diameter of first through-hole is less than water retention granule's particle diameter.
In this embodiment, three-dimensional soil stabilization water retention net pad includes the slope protection net, the slope protection net can be made by metal material, also can be the parcel plastic layer on metal material's outer wall, also can be by plastics, for example high density polyethylene makes. The slope protection net is provided with a plurality of meshes, preferably, the coverage of mesh is 80 ~ 90%. The first net bag is preferably of a hemispheroid and cone structure.
Among this technical scheme, the granule of protecting water of putting into in the first string bag can be the special agriculture and forestry water-retaining agent of current bank protection, and the granule of protecting water both can be the chemistry water-retaining agent, also can be the mineral water-retaining agent, can also be the mixture of two kinds of water-retaining agents.
In the embodiment, the first net bag of the slope protection net is used for loading the water retention particles, so that the water retention particles can be effectively prevented from running off along with soil when the slope protection net is washed by rainwater, and the water retention capacity of the slope protection is kept; meanwhile, the water-retaining particles expand to a certain degree after absorbing water, so that when water flows through the first net bag, a local vortex is formed in the flow winding process, the fluidity of soil is obviously reduced, the soil-fixing effect is achieved, the soil loss of a slope protection is reduced, and the survival rate of slope protection plants is improved; moreover, the volume of first string bag is clear and definite, therefore can be through the granule filling amount of protecting water in the adjustment first string bag, the distribution of the granule of protecting water on the macroscopical regulation and control bank protection for the guarantor's granule of protecting water of each department distributes evenly on the bank protection, and soil moisture degree everywhere is unanimous, is favorable to the growth of plant on the bank protection more, and the maintenance of bank protection.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the first net bag 3 is connected with an entanglement column 31. Plant roots is at the growth in-process with the cross-linking of tangling the post, and when the rainwash, plant roots can be through tangling post and first string bag zonulae occludens, has improved the survival rate of bank protection plant apparently, has improved the growth developmental competence of plant.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the mesh openings 2 of the slope protection net 1 not provided with the first net bag 3, at least a part of the mesh openings 2 are provided with a second net bag 4 located above the slope protection net 1, and the second net bag 4 is provided with a second through hole. If a net bag is arranged on one net hole, then either a first net bag or a second net bag is arranged on the net hole, and the second through holes in the second net bag can allow the plant rootstocks to pass through. The second string bag provides necessary living space for the plant to further improve the side slope effect of consolidating soil, the construction is accomplished the back, fill soil in the second string bag, the gravel, the fine stone, and the plant seed, when the rainwash, the outer wall that the second string bag was flowed through to the rivers produces local vortex, the vortex changes the flow direction of rivers, reduce the rivers scouring force, make the soil that rivers erode and carry, the gravel, the fine stone is detained near the second string bag, therefore, utilize the second string bag can further improve the effect of consolidating soil. As shown in fig. 4, after leveling the soil base layer on the slope body 10, the three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net pad is placed, the first net bag 3 is positioned in the soil base layer 11, after water-retaining particles are placed, plant seeds are broadcast in the second net bag 4, then the soil surface layer 12 is buried, and the second net bag 4 is covered.
Further, be provided with first string bag 3 or second string bag 4 on the mesh 2, on the same row of mesh 2 or on the same row of mesh 2, first string bag 3 or second string bag 4 distribute in turn. As shown in fig. 1, along the vertical and horizontal two directions of slope protection net, first string bag must be adjacent with the second string bag. The first net bag is mainly used for loading water-retaining particles to realize water absorption, water retention, water locking and water release, and the second net bag is mainly used for providing a growing space for plants. Plant root system in the second string bag is the in-process of growing downwards, and the tangle post of evenly distributed's first string bag all around can provide stable cross-linking for the growth of plant, and simultaneously, the moisture of each department is even in the soil, and local moisture too much or the too little condition can not appear, provides better growing environment for the plant.
Example 2:
based on the embodiment 1, the water retention particles comprise a pot body 51, the wall surface of the pot body 51 can allow water to flow into or out of the pot body 51, and the pot body 51 is filled with a mineral water retention agent 52.
In this embodiment, the bowl may be a regular or irregular spherical structure or a rectangular parallelepiped structure. The bowl may be a closed structure, such as a sphere, or an open structure, such as a hemisphere.
In one or more embodiments, the material adopted by the pot body has a water permeable function, and a plurality of water permeable holes are distributed on the wall surface of the pot body in a non-order manner for water to flow into or out of the pot body; in one or more embodiments, the material adopted by the pot body has no water permeable function, but a plurality of water permeable holes are distributed on the wall surface of the pot body in order; in some embodiments, the bowl may be made of a material that has a water permeable function and an ordered distribution of water permeable holes. In some embodiments, all of the bowls in the same first string can be of uniform or non-uniform size.
In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, the outer wall of the bowl 51 has a capillary plug 53 disposed thereon, and the capillary plug 53 is used to absorb or release moisture. The capillary water guiding column can fix nutrient substances required by the growth of crops such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides and the like dissolved in the soil into the soil, reduce the leaching loss of soluble nutrients, and achieve the effects of saving water and fertilizer and improving the utilization rate of the water and fertilizer. In addition, the capillary water guiding columns uniformly distributed on the pot body can uniformly guide water with the surrounding environment, and the condition that local water is too much or too little in the water releasing process is avoided.
In some embodiments, the bowl 51 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of coconut fiber, 20-25 parts of bagasse, 5-10 parts of silk, 1-5 parts of starch and 5-10 parts of perlite. The components such as coconut husk fibre, bagasse, silk have better toughness and shock resistance, can play better gathering to the mineral water retaining agent of inside, the guard action, coconut husk fibre simultaneously, the bagasse has better hydroscopicity, when soil is moist around, the alms bowl body can fully absorb the moisture in the soil, later the mineral water retaining agent slowly absorbs the moisture in the alms bowl body again, and then improve the holistic ability of absorbing water of water retaining particle effectively, realize under the prerequisite of adding chemical reagent hardly, water retaining particle has sufficient water absorption capacity.
In one embodiment, the bowl comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of coconut shell fiber, 22 parts of bagasse, 6 parts of silk, 1 part of starch and 10 parts of perlite. In one embodiment, the bowl comprises the following components in parts by weight: 47 parts of coconut shell fiber, 23 parts of bagasse, 6 parts of silk, 1 part of starch and 8 parts of perlite. In one embodiment, the bowl comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of coconut shell fiber, 23 parts of bagasse, 8 parts of silk, 1 part of starch and 10 parts of perlite.
In some embodiments, the mineral water retaining agent 52 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of palygorskite, 5-10 parts of expanded vermiculite, 3-10 parts of bentonite, 5-8 parts of modified zeolite, 5-10 parts of activated carbon and 5-15 parts of peat soil. In the embodiment, the mineral water-retaining agent is completely composed of minerals, no chemical reagent is added for bonding, and all components of the mineral water-retaining agent are completely gathered by loading the pot body. In one or more embodiments, the mineral water retention agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-42 parts of palygorskite, 5-6 parts of expanded vermiculite, 3-8 parts of bentonite, 5-6 parts of modified zeolite, 5-7 parts of activated carbon and 12-14 parts of peat soil.
Example 3:
the preparation method of the three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net cushion for the side slope as shown in fig. 5 is used for preparing the three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net cushion in any one of the embodiments, and comprises the following steps:
preparing a slope protection net, and forming a first net bag positioned below the slope protection net on partial meshes of the slope protection net;
preparing water-retaining particles, and filling the water-retaining particles into the first net bag.
In some embodiments, the preparation of the water-retaining particles comprises the steps of:
(A) crushing coconut shells and bagasse, sieving the crushed coconut shells and bagasse, and then disinfecting;
(B) the coconut shell, the bagasse, the starch, the perlite and the silk are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the mixture comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-50 parts of coconut shell fiber, 20-25 parts of bagasse, 5-10 parts of silk, 1-5 parts of starch and 5-10 parts of perlite;
(C) die-casting the mixture by using a die to obtain a bowl body;
(D) and filling a mineral water retention agent into the pot body to obtain water retention particles.
In one or more embodiments, the method of preparing the mineral water retention agent comprises the steps of: the palygorskite, the expanded vermiculite, the modified zeolite, the activated carbon, the bentonite and the peat soil are prepared into 200-mesh powder, and the palygorskite, the expanded vermiculite, the modified zeolite, the bentonite, the activated carbon and the peat soil which are prepared into the 200-mesh powder are put into a rapid mixer to be stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain the mineral water-retaining agent for later use.
As used herein, "first," "second," etc. (e.g., first net bag, second net bag, etc.) merely distinguish the corresponding components for clarity of description and are not intended to limit any order or to emphasize importance, etc. Further, the term "connected" used herein may be either directly connected or indirectly connected via other components without being particularly described.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Slope is with three-dimensional solid soil water conservation net twine pad, including slope protection net (1), be provided with a plurality of meshs (2) on slope protection net (1), its characterized in that, be provided with first string bag (3) that are located slope protection net (1) below on at least partial meshs (2) of slope protection net (1), first string bag (3) are used for loading the granule of protecting water, first through-hole has been seted up on first string bag (3), the diameter of first through-hole is less than the particle diameter of the granule of protecting water.
2. The three-dimensional soil-fixing water-retaining mesh pad for the side slope according to claim 1, characterized in that the water-retaining particles comprise a pot body (51), the wall surface of the pot body (51) can allow water to flow into or out of the pot body (51), and the pot body (51) is filled with a mineral water-retaining agent (52).
3. The three-dimensional soil stabilization and water retention mesh pad for side slopes according to claim 2, wherein a capillary water guiding column (53) is arranged on the outer wall of the bowl body (51), and the capillary water guiding column (53) is used for absorbing or releasing water.
4. The three-dimensional soil stabilization and water retention mesh pad for the side slope according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the bowl body (51) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of coconut shell fibers, 20-25 parts of bagasse, 5-10 parts of silk, 1-5 parts of starch and 5-10 parts of perlite.
5. The three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net cushion for the side slope as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mineral water retaining agent (52) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of palygorskite, 5-10 parts of expanded vermiculite, 3-10 parts of bentonite, 5-8 parts of modified zeolite, 5-10 parts of activated carbon and 5-15 parts of peat soil.
6. The three-dimensional soil stabilization and water retention net cushion for the side slope according to claim 1, wherein the first net bag (3) is connected with an entanglement column (31).
7. The three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net cushion for the side slope according to claim 1, wherein in the net holes (2) of the slope protection net (1) not provided with the first net bag (3), at least part of the net holes (2) are provided with a second net bag (4) positioned above the slope protection net (1), and the second net bag (4) is provided with a second through hole.
8. The three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net cushion for the side slope according to claim 7, wherein the first net bags (3) or the second net bags (4) are arranged on the net holes (2), the first net bags (3) or the second net bags (4) are alternately distributed on the same row of net holes (2) or the same column of net holes (2).
9. The preparation method of the three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net cushion for the side slope is characterized by being used for preparing the three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining net cushion as defined in any one of claims 1-8, and comprising the following steps:
preparing a slope protection net (1), and forming a first net bag (3) positioned below the slope protection net (1) on part of meshes (2) of the slope protection net (1);
preparing water-retaining particles, and filling the water-retaining particles into the first net bag (3).
10. The method for preparing the three-dimensional soil-fixing and water-retaining mesh pad for the side slope according to claim 9, wherein the preparation of the water-retaining particles comprises the following steps:
(A) crushing coconut shells and bagasse, sieving the crushed coconut shells and bagasse and then disinfecting;
(B) the coconut shell, the bagasse, the starch, the perlite and the silk are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the mixture comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-50 parts of coconut shell fibers, 20-25 parts of bagasse, 5-10 parts of silk, 1-5 parts of starch and 5-10 parts of perlite;
(C) die-casting the mixture by using a die to obtain a bowl body;
(D) and (3) filling a mineral water retention agent into the pot body to obtain water retention particles.
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