CN216809943U - Ecological bank protection with soil stabilization and water retention functions - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an ecological bank protection with gu soil protects water function, includes from supreme guarantor's water layer and the growth layer of laying on the slope body down, guarantor's water layer and growth layer between be provided with the bank protection net, be provided with a plurality of meshes on the bank protection net, be provided with on at least partial mesh and be located guarantor's first string bag in the water layer, the granule of protecting water is loaded to first string bag, has seted up first through-hole on the first string bag, the diameter of first through-hole is less than the particle diameter of the granule of protecting water. According to the utility model, the first net bag of the slope protection net is used for loading water-retaining particles, so that the water-retaining particles can be effectively prevented from running off along with soil when the slope protection net is washed by rainwater, and the water-retaining capacity of the slope protection is maintained.

Description

Ecological slope protection with soil stabilization and water retention functions

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological environment construction, in particular to an ecological slope protection with soil fixation and water retention functions.

Background

In recent years, China carries out a large amount of treatment work on expressway side slopes, large-scale hydraulic engineering reservoir side slopes and ecological river side slopes, forms ecological slope protection by paving and planting plants on the side slopes, restores ecological balance and prevents the side slopes from being washed away. In the ecological restoration process of the side slope, the key for improving the survival rate of plants in the soil is to keep the soil layer of the side slope moist.

In order to keep the soil moist, drip irrigation systems are mainly adopted for carrying out drip irrigation in the prior art, or water retention agents are added into the soil for retaining water. The drip irrigation system has low domestic popularization rate due to high cost. Adding water-retaining agents to soil is a less costly approach and is therefore commonly used for slope ecological remediation.

The common agriculture and forestry water retention agent special for slope protection mainly comprises a chemical water retention agent and a mineral water retention agent. Patent CN112119866A discloses a three-dimensional greening water-retaining matrix, wherein the water-retaining matrix adopts a chemical water-retaining agent polyacrylamide for water retention, and simultaneously adopts fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether to reduce water volatilization, thereby realizing the water-retaining effect; patent CN102464982A provides a mineral polymerization type water-retaining agent, which is prepared by mixing palygorskite serving as a raw material with polyacrylamide, sodium humate and ammonium persulfate, and is added into soil to play a role in water retention. However, no matter which type of water-retaining agent is adopted, the water-retaining agent is mixed with soil in directly adding to soil when using, and although soil possesses water retention function, under the washing away of rainwater, the water-retaining agent will be along with the soil on the side slope together runs off for not only plant living space reduces, and the water-retaining capacity of bank protection also descends moreover, causes the plant seed to be difficult to survive on the side slope, and the plant survival rate is low, and side slope ecological remediation process is slow.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an ecological slope protection with soil fixation and water retention functions, and aims to solve the problems that when the ecological slope protection in the prior art is directly mixed with a water-retaining agent in soil, the water-retaining agent can run off along with the soil when the slope protection is washed by heavy rain, so that the living space of plants is reduced, the water retention capacity of the slope protection is reduced, the survival rate of the plants is low, and the ecological restoration process of the slope is difficult.

The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an ecological bank protection with gu soil protects water function, includes from supreme water conservation layer and the growth layer of laying on the slope body down, be provided with the bank protection net between water conservation layer and the growth layer, be provided with a plurality of meshes on the bank protection net, be provided with on at least partial mesh and be located protect the first string bag in the water layer, first string bag is loaded with the granule of protecting water, has seted up first through-hole on the first string bag, the diameter of first through-hole is less than the particle diameter of the granule of protecting water.

Among this technical scheme, ecological bank protection is including laying the guarantor's water layer on the side slope body, and guarantor's water layer is used for guarantor's water, has laid the growth layer in the top of guarantor's water layer, and the growth layer is used for broadcasting the plant seed, provides growing environment for the plant. In some embodiments, the thickness of the water retaining layer is greater than the thickness of the growth layer, and in one or more embodiments, the thickness of the water retaining layer is 1.5-3 times the thickness of the growth layer.

A slope protection net is arranged between the water retention layer and the growth layer. The slope protection net is arranged between the water retention layer and the growth layer to stabilize soil. In some embodiments, the slope protection net is made of high-density polyethylene. In one or more embodiments, the slope protection net is made of a metal material, and in one embodiment, a protective layer formed by a plastic material is arranged on the outer wall of the metal material. The slope protection net is provided with a plurality of meshes, wherein, be provided with first string bag on part or whole meshes, first string bag is preferred hemisphere, cone structure. The opening of the first net bag is upward, and the opening of the first net bag is communicated with the meshes. The inside and the outside of the first string bag of first through-hole intercommunication of seting up on the first string bag to the moisture that makes in the soil can enter into first string bag through first through-hole and is absorbed by the granule of protecting water, and on the same principle, when soil moisture is not enough, the moisture of protecting water granule release can enter into soil through first through-hole.

Among this technical scheme, the granule of protecting water of putting into in the first string bag can be the special agriculture and forestry water-retaining agent of current bank protection, and the granule of protecting water both can be the chemistry water-retaining agent, also can be the mineral water-retaining agent.

When the water-retaining net bag is used, the water-retaining particles filled in the first net bag absorb water in soil when the soil is wet, so that the evaporation capacity of the water in the soil is reduced; when the soil is dry, the water-retaining particles release water into the soil, moisten the surrounding soil and keep the soil moist, so that the regulation and control of the soil moisture degree are realized, and the purposes of water absorption, water retention, water locking and water release are achieved; when the side slope is washed by heavy rain, the first net bag can lock the water retention particles, the water retention particle amount lost along with soil is greatly reduced, and the water retention capacity of the slope protection is effectively maintained.

In the technical scheme, the first net bag of the slope protection net is used for loading water-retaining particles, so that the water-retaining particles can be effectively prevented from running off along with soil during rainwater washing, and the water-retaining capacity of the slope protection is maintained; meanwhile, the water retention particles expand to a certain degree after absorbing water, so that when water flows through the first net bag, a local vortex is formed in the flow winding process, the flowability of soil is obviously reduced, the soil stabilization effect is achieved, the soil loss of the slope protection is reduced, and the survival rate of slope protection plants is improved; moreover, the volume of first string bag is clear and definite, therefore can be through the granule filling amount of protecting water in the adjustment first string bag, the distribution of the granule of protecting water on the macroscopical regulation and control bank protection for the guarantor's granule of protecting water of each department distributes evenly on the bank protection, and soil moisture degree everywhere is unanimous, is favorable to the growth of plant on the bank protection more, and the maintenance of bank protection.

Furthermore, the water retention particles comprise a pot body, a mineral water retention agent is filled in the pot body, a plurality of water permeable holes are formed in the pot body, and the diameter of each water permeable hole is smaller than the particle size of the mineral water retention agent.

In the prior art, the water absorption capacity of the chemical water-retaining agent is strong and is usually greater than that of plant seeds or seedlings, so that when the soil moisture is insufficient, the chemical water-retaining agent can absorb a small amount of moisture in the soil, the plant seeds or seedlings are difficult to be sufficiently supplied with water, and the chemical water-retaining agent can generate negative effects on the soil after being used for a long time. The mineral water-retaining agent has weak water absorption capacity and slow absorption and release, does not compete with plant seeds or seedlings for a small amount of water, but has poor water-retaining effect due to too slow absorption process, and meanwhile, chemical agents such as chemical water-retaining agents, adhesives and thickening agents are usually adopted in the mineral water-retaining agent to improve the structural integrity, so that the chemical agents can be introduced into soil, the acid-base change, the fertility reduction, the hardening and other negative effects of the soil are caused, and the plant growth is not facilitated.

In the technical scheme, the water retention particles comprise a pot body and a mineral water retention agent positioned in the pot body. The bowl may be of regular or irregular spherical or rectangular parallelepiped configuration, preferably in some embodiments the bowl is a sphere. The bowl may be a closed structure, such as a sphere, or an open structure, such as a hemisphere. In one or more embodiments, the outside diameter of the pot body is 0.5-5 cm.

The mineral water-retaining agent that sets up in the alms bowl body is used for absorbing water, and the relative chemistry water-retaining agent of mineral water-retaining agent process of absorbing water is slower, nevertheless produces negative effects than chemistry water-retaining agent littleer to soil, and can supply water to soil and plant roots more fully, even extreme arid also can not suck back plant moisture. In the technical scheme, the adopted mineral water-retaining agent can be the existing mineral water-retaining agent selected according to the standard JC/T2412-2017 mineral composite water-retaining agent for agriculture and forestry.

Moisture in the soil can flow to the bowl body inside and be absorbed by the mineral water retaining agent through the hole of permeating water, and in the same way, moisture in the mineral water retaining agent also can flow to the dry soil in every side through the hole of permeating water, improves the degree of wetness of soil.

Among this technical scheme, utilize the alms bowl body to load mineral water retaining agent can further reduce mineral water retaining agent's loss of flow when rainwash, and simultaneously, owing to adopt the alms bowl body to load mineral water retaining agent, the adhesive that adds among the mineral water retaining agent, chemical agent's such as thickening agent content can reduce by a wide margin, thereby further reduce chemical agent's quantity, reduce the negative effects that chemical agent produced to soil, furthermore, after moisture gets into the alms bowl body, can be detained a period so that mineral water retaining agent fully absorbs water, the defect that mineral water retaining agent ability of absorbing water is weak has been compensatied to a certain extent, the ability of absorbing water of moisturizing granule has been improved.

Furthermore, a capillary water guiding column is arranged on the outer wall of the pot body. The capillary water guide column arranged on the outer wall of the pot body takes the pot body as a center to diffuse around the soil, the capillary water guide column is of a capillary tube structure with a small inner diameter, the water around the pot body is better guided to the pot body by utilizing the structural characteristics of the capillary tube, and the water in the pot body can also be guided to the soil, so that the water absorption and release capacities of the water retention particles are further improved, and the capillary water guide column can fix nutrient substances required by the growth of crops such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides and the like dissolved in the water in the soil, so that the leaching loss of soluble nutrients is reduced, the effects of saving water and fertilizer and improving the utilization rate of the water and fertilizer are achieved. In addition, the capillary water guiding columns uniformly distributed on the pot body can uniformly guide water with the surrounding environment, and the condition that local water is too much or too little in the water releasing process is avoided.

Further, among the mesh that the slope protection net was not provided with first string bag, be provided with on at least partial mesh and be located second string bag in the growth layer, offer the second through-hole that is used for supplying plant roots to pass on the second string bag. In this technical scheme, the slope protection net still is provided with the second string bag that is arranged in growing layer on the net. If a net bag is arranged on one net hole, then the net hole is provided with the first net bag or the second net bag. The structure of the second net bag is similar to that of the first net bag, and the second net bag is preferably of a hemispheroid and cone structure. The opening of the second net bag is upward, and the opening of the second net bag is communicated with the net holes.

The first through-hole that is different from first string bag is used for the moisture circulation to avoid simultaneously keeping water granule to run off, and the second through-hole of seting up on the second string bag is used for preventing soil, gravel, the fine stone of its interior packing from being washed away, but the second through-hole needs to allow plant roots to pass to put to plant seeds in the second string bag can grow.

The second string bag provides necessary living space for the plant to further improve the side slope effect of consolidating soil, the construction is accomplished the back, fill soil in the second string bag, the gravel, the fine stone, and the plant seed, when the rainwash, the outer wall that the second string bag was flowed through to the rivers produces local vortex, the vortex changes the flow direction of rivers, reduce the rivers scouring force, make the soil that rivers erode and carry, the gravel, the fine stone is detained near the second string bag, therefore, utilize the second string bag can further improve the effect of consolidating soil.

Further, set up first string bag or second string bag on the mesh, on the mesh of same line or same row of mesh, first string bag and second string bag distribute in turn. Among this technical scheme, along vertical and two horizontal directions of bank protection net, first string bag must be adjacent with the second string bag, except the effect of solid soil, first string bag mainly used loads the granule of moisturizing and realizes absorbing water, moisturizing, locking water, releasing water, and the second string bag mainly used provides the growth space of plant. Plant root system in the second string bag is the in-process of growing downwards, and the entanglement column of evenly distributed's first string bag all around can provide stable cross-linking for the growth of plant, and simultaneously, the moisture of each department is even in the soil, can not appear local moisture too much or the condition of too little, provides better growing environment for the plant.

Further, the first net bag is connected with an entanglement column. The setting of tangling the post makes the granule of moisturizing in the first string bag when releasing water, can guide rivers more evenly to soil around, avoids the too much or too little condition of local moisture, and, more importantly, plant roots can follow the post growth of tangling in soil, and then improves plant roots and the cross-linking of tangling the post, when the rainwash, plant roots can be through tangling post and first string bag zonulae occludens, has improved the survival rate of bank protection plant with showing, has improved the growth developmental competence of plant.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. according to the utility model, the first net bag of the slope protection net is used for loading water-retaining particles, so that the water-retaining particles can be effectively prevented from running off along with soil when the slope protection net is washed by rainwater, and the water-retaining capacity of the slope protection is maintained;

2. the water-retaining particles expand to a certain degree after absorbing water, so that when water flows through the first net bag, a local vortex is formed in the flow winding process, the flowability of soil is obviously reduced, the soil-fixing effect is achieved, the soil loss of a slope protection is reduced, and the survival rate of slope protection plants is improved;

3. the utility model utilizes the bowl body to load the mineral water-retaining agent, which can further reduce the loss of the mineral water-retaining agent when the bowl body is washed by rainwater, meanwhile, because the bowl body is adopted to load the mineral water-retaining agent, chemical reagents such as adhesive, thickening agent and the like are not needed to be added into the mineral water-retaining agent, thereby further reducing the dosage of the chemical reagents, reducing the negative influence of the water-retaining agent on soil, and in addition, after water enters the bowl body, the water can be retained for a period of time so as to facilitate the mineral water-retaining agent to fully absorb water, making up the defect of weak water absorption capacity of the mineral water-retaining agent to a certain extent, and improving the water absorption capacity of water-retaining particles;

4. according to the utility model, the capillary water guide column is arranged on the pot body, so that the water around the pot body can be better guided to the pot body by utilizing the structural characteristics of the capillary, and the water in the pot body can also be guided into soil, thus further improving the water absorbing and releasing capacity of water-retaining particles, and simultaneously uniformly guiding water with the surrounding environment, and avoiding the condition of excessive or insufficient local water in the water releasing process;

5. according to the utility model, the plant root systems are tangled by the tangling columns arranged on the first net bag, and the plant root systems can be tightly connected with the first net bag through the tangling columns when the first net bag is washed by rainwater, so that the survival rate of slope protection plants is remarkably improved, and the growth and development capacity of the plants is improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a water retention mesh pad in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a water retention mesh pad in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-retaining particle in an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

1-water retention layer, 2-growth layer, 3-slope protection net, 4-mesh, 5-first string bag, 51-entanglement column, 6-second string bag, 7-slope body, 8-plant, 91-pot body, 92-water retention agent, 93-capillary water guide column and 94-water permeable hole.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore, should not be taken as limiting the scope of the utility model.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 4 three-dimensional solid soil water conservation gauze pad for side slope, include from supreme water conservation layer 1 and the growth layer 2 of laying on the slope body 7 down, be provided with between water conservation layer 1 and the growth layer 2 slope protection net 3, be provided with a plurality of meshes 4 on the slope protection net 3, be provided with on at least part mesh 4 and be located protect first string bag 5 in the water conservation layer 1, the granule of moisturizing is loaded in first string bag 5, has seted up first through-hole on the first string bag 5, the diameter of first through-hole is less than the particle diameter of the granule of moisturizing.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the first string bag 5 is connected with a tangle post 51.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the water retention layer 1 is 1.5-3 times of the thickness of the growth layer 2.

In some embodiments, the slope protection net 1 is made of high density polyethylene. In one or more embodiments, the slope protection net can be made of a metal material, and a plastic layer can be wrapped on the outer wall of the metal material. The slope protection net is provided with a plurality of meshes, preferably, the coverage of mesh is 80 ~ 90%. The first net bag is preferably of a hemispheroid and cone structure.

In this embodiment, the water retaining particle of putting into in the first string bag can be the special agriculture and forestry water retaining agent of current bank protection, and water retaining particle both can be chemical water retaining agent, also can be mineral water retaining agent.

In the embodiment, the first net bag of the slope protection net is used for loading the water retention particles, so that the water retention particles can be effectively prevented from running off along with soil when the slope protection net is washed by rainwater, and the water retention capacity of the slope protection is kept; meanwhile, the water retention particles expand to a certain degree after absorbing water, so that when water flows through the first net bag, a local vortex is formed in the flow winding process, the flowability of soil is obviously reduced, the soil stabilization effect is achieved, the soil loss of the slope protection is reduced, and the survival rate of slope protection plants is improved; moreover, the volume of first string bag is clear and definite, therefore can be through the granule filling amount of protecting water in the adjustment first string bag, the distribution of the granule of protecting water on the macroscopical regulation and control bank protection for the guarantor's granule of protecting water of each department distributes evenly on the bank protection, and soil moisture degree everywhere is unanimous, is favorable to the growth of plant on the bank protection more, and the maintenance of bank protection.

Example 2:

on the basis of the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 4, the water retention particles comprise a bowl 91, a mineral water retention agent is filled in the bowl 91, a plurality of water permeable holes 94 are formed in the bowl 91, and the diameter of each water permeable hole 94 is smaller than the particle size of the mineral water retention agent.

In some embodiments, the bowl may be a regular or irregular sphere or a cuboid, and preferably in some embodiments, the bowl is a sphere. The bowl may be a closed structure, such as a sphere, or an open structure, such as a hemisphere. In one or more embodiments, the outside diameter of the pot body is 0.5-5 cm.

In one or more embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4, the bowl 91 is provided with a capillary water guiding column 93 on the outer wall. The capillary water guiding column can fix nutrient substances required by the growth of crops such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides and the like dissolved in water in the soil, reduce the leaching loss of soluble nutrients, and achieve the effects of saving water and fertilizer and improving the utilization rate of the water and fertilizer. In addition, the capillary water guiding columns uniformly distributed on the pot body can uniformly guide water with the surrounding environment, and the condition that local water is too much or too little in the water releasing process is avoided.

Example 3:

on the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the mesh 4 of the slope protection net 3 not provided with the first string bag 5, at least part of the mesh 4 is provided with the second string bag 6 located in the growth layer 2, and the second string bag 6 is provided with the second through hole for the plant root system to pass through. The structure of the second net bag is similar to that of the first net bag, and the second net bag is preferably of a hemispheroid and cone structure. The opening of the second net bag is upward, and the opening of the second net bag is communicated with the meshes. The second net bag is preferably of a hemispheroid and cone structure.

The first through-hole that is different from first string bag is used for the moisture circulation to avoid simultaneously keeping water granule to run off, and the second through-hole of seting up on the second string bag is used for preventing soil, gravel, the fine stone of its interior packing from being washed away, but the second through-hole needs to allow plant roots to pass to put to plant seeds in the second string bag can grow.

Soil, gravel, fine stone are filled in the second string bag to and plant seeds, when the rain wash, the outer wall that the rivers flowed through the second string bag produces local vortex, and the vortex changes the flow direction of rivers, reduces the rivers scouring force, makes near soil, gravel, the fine stone that rivers erode and carry be detained in the second string bag, consequently, utilizes the second string bag can further improve the effect of firm soil.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the first net bags 5 or the second net bags 6 are arranged on the net holes 4, the first net bags 5 and the second net bags 6 are alternately distributed on the same row of net holes 4 or the same column of net holes 4. Along vertical and two horizontal directions of bank protection net, first string bag must be adjacent with the second string bag. The first net bag is mainly used for loading water-retaining particles to realize water absorption, water retention, water locking and water release, and the second net bag is mainly used for providing a growing space for plants. Plant root system in the second string bag is the in-process of growing downwards, and the entanglement column of evenly distributed's first string bag all around can provide stable cross-linking for the growth of plant, and simultaneously, the moisture of each department is even in the soil, can not appear local moisture too much or the condition of too little, provides better growing environment for the plant.

As used herein, "first," "second," etc. (e.g., first net bag, second net bag, etc.) merely distinguish the corresponding components for clarity of description and are not intended to limit any order or to emphasize importance, etc. Further, the term "connected" used herein may be directly connected or indirectly connected via other components without being particularly described.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an ecological bank protection with gu soil protects water function, includes and from supreme water layer (1) of protecting of laying on the slope body (7) and growth layer (2) down, its characterized in that, protect and be provided with between water layer (1) and growth layer (2) slope protection net (3), be provided with a plurality of meshs (4) on slope protection net (3), be provided with on at least part meshs (4) and be located protect first string bag (5) in water layer (1), first string bag (5) are loaded with water conservation granule, have seted up first through-hole on first string bag (5), the diameter of first through-hole is less than water conservation granule's particle diameter.

2. The ecological slope protection with soil stabilization and water retention functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water retention particles comprise a pot body (91), a mineral water retention agent is filled in the pot body (91), a plurality of water permeable holes (94) are formed in the pot body (91), and the diameter of each water permeable hole (94) is smaller than the particle size of the mineral water retention agent.

3. The ecological slope protection with soil stabilization and water retention functions as claimed in claim 2, wherein the outer wall of the bowl body (91) is provided with a capillary water guiding column (93).

4. The ecological slope protection with soil stabilization and water retention functions as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the bowl body (91) is a sphere.

5. The ecological slope protection with soil stabilization and water retention functions according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the outer diameter of the pot body (91) is 0.5-5 cm.

6. The ecological slope protection with the soil stabilization and water retention functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the mesh openings (4) of the slope protection net (3) not provided with the first net bag (5), at least part of the mesh openings (4) are provided with the second net bag (6) located in the growth layer (2), and the second net bag (6) is provided with second through holes for plant roots to pass through.

7. The ecological slope protection with soil stabilization and water retention functions as claimed in claim 6, wherein a first net bag (5) or a second net bag (6) is arranged on the meshes (4), the first net bag (5) and the second net bag (6) are alternately distributed on the meshes (4) in the same row or on the meshes (4) in the same column.

8. The ecological slope protection with soil stabilization and water retention functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first net bag (5) is connected with an entanglement column (51).

9. The ecological slope protection with soil and water fixing and retaining functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the water retaining layer (1) is 1.5-3 times of the thickness of the growth layer (2).

10. The ecological slope protection with soil stabilization and water retention functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slope protection net (3) is made of high density polyethylene.

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