CN114773485A - 抗人PD-L1抗体和TGFβRII的双功能融合蛋白分子 - Google Patents
抗人PD-L1抗体和TGFβRII的双功能融合蛋白分子 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及抗人程序性死亡配体‑1(PD‑L1)抗体和TGFβRII的双功能融合蛋白分子。具体而言,本发明公开了(a)能够阻断PD‑L1/PD‑1结合的抗人PD‑L1的抗体或抗原结合片段和(b)能够结合TGF‑β的TGFβRII融合蛋白或片段,同时介绍了其制备方法及应用(例如用于治疗肿瘤)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及双功能融合蛋白分子,其包括(a)结合至免疫检查点蛋白质(例如程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1))的抗体或其抗原结合片段,和(b)TGFβRII或其能够结合TGFβ的片段,所述分子的应用(例如,用于治疗肿瘤),以及制备所述分子的方法。
背景技术
PD-L1、PD-1靶点单抗治疗肿瘤是当前广为使用的一类抗癌免疫疗法,通过阻断PD-1/PD-L1信号通路阻止肿瘤免疫逃逸,利用人体自身免疫系统抗击癌症,使癌细胞死亡,临床上有着良好的抗肿瘤效果和广泛的适应症人群。但该靶点通路并非适用于所有患者,在临床上仍然有较大比例的人群无法获得理想的治疗效果,主要原因为肿瘤微环境中还有多种免疫负调控机制保护肿瘤的生长,其中TGFβ就是最近发现的一个非常重要的负性调控因子。
由此,拥有PD-L1-TGFβRII靶点的双功能融合蛋白分子可以在阻断PD-1/PD-L1信号通路的同时,耗竭掉肿瘤微环境中的TGFβ,进而抑制肿瘤血管生成、阻止肿瘤细胞转移、促进杀伤性T细胞增殖、以及阻止细胞纤维化、促进抗肿瘤药物和免疫细胞抵达病灶部位,从而达到较单抗更佳的抗肿瘤药效机制。国外同靶点产品M7824已在临床III期,目前各类临床研究开展达到30多个,I期临床数据表明其具备优异的抗肿瘤效果和良好耐受性。据公开治疗显示,M7824在非小细胞肺癌上的I期临床上治疗效果(PD-L1阳性ORR=37%;PD-L1高表达ORR=87.5%)显著好于Keytruda(PD-L1阳性ORR=18.5%;PD-L1高表达ORR=29.1%),另外其余公开的5个适应症临床I期结果(食管鳞癌ORR=20%;食管腺癌ORR=20%;胃癌ORR=22.6%;胆道癌ORR=22.3;头颈癌ORR=21.9%)充分体现了该双功能抗体优秀的抗肿瘤功效。
临床上默克雪兰诺M7824的适应症接近30种,主要集中在膀胱癌、非小细胞肺癌、胆道癌等。恒瑞SHR1701临床I期适应症主要选择标准治疗无效、耐药的晚期实体瘤,在探索分子安全性和耐受性的同时评估后期目标适应症设置,根据其后期临床开展情况,鼻咽癌和转移性乳腺癌可能是后期主要研究适应症。所以在该类型的项目上,临床适应症设置相对灵活,标准治疗无效、耐药的实体瘤患者基本都可以作为其临床治疗目标。
发明内容
本发明提供了PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子、核酸片段、载体、细胞、组合物、制备方法、制药用途以及疾病治疗方法。目的在于提供一种与PD-L1抗体相比,具有更加优异抗肿瘤效果的全新序列的PD-L1&TGFβ融合蛋白。
在第一个方面,本发明公开了一种双功能融合蛋白分子,所述双功能融合蛋白分子包含特异性结合人程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)的分离的抗体或抗原结合片段,以及人TGFβRII或其能够结合TGFβ的片段;所述抗体或抗原结合片段的重链可变区和轻链可变区分别具有SEQ ID NO:3和SEQ ID NO:4所示序列,或者与SEQ ID NO:3和SEQ ID NO:4所示序列相比具有至少80%、85%、90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或更高一致性的序列。
在一个优选实施方案中,本发明的抗体或抗原结合片段,其与人程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)结合的解离常数(KD)不大于2.1×10-9M,与食蟹猴程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)结合的解离常数(KD)不大于1.2×10-9M。
在一个优选实施方案中,本发明的抗体或抗原结合片段是嵌合的或人源化的或全人源的。
在一个优选实施方案中,本发明的抗体或其抗原结合片段,包含人或鼠抗体IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA、IgM、IgE或IgD任何其中之一恒定区的序列;优选包含人或鼠抗体IgG1、IgG2、IgG3或IgG4的恒定区的序列。
在一个优选实施方案中,本发明所述抗原结合片段选自F(ab)2、Fab’、Fab、Fv、scFv、双特异抗体中的一种或多种。
在一个优选实施方案中,本发明的抗体或其抗原结合片段具备以下特性:
1)特异性结合PD-L1重组蛋白及表达PD-L1的细胞;
2)阻断PD-L1与PD-1蛋白的结合;
3)抑制PD-1与细胞表面表达的PD-L1的结合;
4)增强T细胞活性;或/和
5)抑制肿瘤生长。
在第二个方面,本发明公开了一种双功能融合蛋白分子,所述双功能融合蛋白分子包含前述的抗体或抗原结合片段;还包含人TGFβRII或其能够结合TGFβ的片段。
在一个实施方案中,所述人TGFβRII或其能够结合TGFβ的片段包含SEQ ID NO:8所示的氨基酸序列。
在一个实施方案中,所述的双功能融合蛋白分子的重链和轻链分别具有SEQ IDNO:5和SEQ ID NO:6所示序列,或者与SEQ ID NO:5和SEQ ID NO:6所示序列相比具有至少80%、85%、90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或更高一致性的序列。
在一个优选实施方案中,所述的抗体或抗原结合片段的C端通过氨基酸接头与人TGFβRII或其能够结合TGFβ的片段融合,所述氨基酸接头序列如SEQ ID NO:7所示。
在另一个实施方案中,所述的双功能融合蛋白分子与人程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)蛋白、食蟹猴程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)蛋白、重组人TGFβ1蛋白、重组人TGFβ2蛋白和/或重组人TGFβ3蛋白结合的解离常数(KD)小于1.00E-8M、2.00E-8M、3.00E-8M、1.00E-9M、2.00E-09M、3.00E-9M、4.00E-09M、5.00E-09M、6.00E-09M、7.00E-09M、8.00E-09M、9.00E-09M、1.00E-10M、2.00E-10M、3.00E-10M、4.00E-10M、5.00E-10M、6.00E-10M、7.00E-10M、8.00E-10M、9.00E-10M、1.00E-11M、2.00E-11M、3.00E-11M、4.00E-11M、5.00E-11M、6.00E-11M、7.00E-11M、8.00E-11M、9.00E-11M、1.00E-12M、2.00E-12M、3.00E-12M、4.00E-12M、5.00E-12M、6.00E-12M、7.00E-12M、8.00E-12M或9.00E-12M。
在另一个实施方案中,所述双功能融合蛋白分子具备以下特性:
(1)特异性结合TGFβ1、TGFβ2、TGFβ3蛋白;
(2)阻断人TGFβ蛋白与细胞表面受体的结合;
(3)抑制Treg细胞的分化;
(4)介导人CD8+T细胞的增殖;和/或,
(5)抑制肿瘤生长。
在一个优选实施方案中,本发明提供一种分离的核酸分子,所述核酸分子编码本发明上述任一项所述双功能融合蛋白分子。
在一些实施方案中,本发明提供一种表达载体,其包含本发明上述所述分离的核酸分子。
在一些实施方案中,本发明提供一种宿主细胞,其包含本发明上述所述分离的核酸分子或表达载体。
在一个优选实施方案中,所述宿主细胞是真核细胞或原核细胞;更优选,所述宿主细胞来源于哺乳动物细胞、酵母细胞、昆虫细胞、大肠杆菌和/或枯草杆菌;更优选,所述宿主细胞选自中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO)。
在一些实施方案中,本发明提供一种双功能融合蛋白分子的制备方法,培养或在适当的条件下培养本发明上述所述的宿主细胞,并分离双功能融合蛋白分子。
在一些实施方案中,本发明提供一种药物组合物,组合物包含本发明上述所述的双功能融合蛋白分子、本发明上述所述分离的核酸分子、本发明上述所述的表达载体、本发明上述所述的细胞,或本发明上述所述方法制备的产品(例如抗体和抗原结合片段),以及药学上可接受的载体。
在一个优选实施方案中,所述药物组合物还包含药学上可接受的运载体(carrier)、稀释剂或助剂;更优选地,所述药物组合物还包含额外的抗肿瘤剂。
在一些实施方案中,本发明提供上述所述的抗体或抗原结合片段、本发明上述所述的双功能融合蛋白分子、本发明上述所述的分离的核酸分子、本发明上述所述的表达载体、本发明上述所述的细胞、本发明上述所述的方法制备的产品(例如抗体和抗原结合片段)、或本发明上述所述药物组合物在在制备预防和/或治疗PD-L1表达异常和/或T细胞功能异常相关的疾病的药物中的用途,所述疾病优选肿瘤;
更优选地,所述肿瘤选自淋巴瘤、白血病、黑色素瘤、神经胶质瘤、乳腺癌、肺癌、骨癌、卵巢癌、膀胱癌、肾癌、肝癌、睾丸癌、唾液腺癌、甲状腺癌、胸腺癌、上皮癌、胰腺癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、恶性血液病、头颈癌、胶质瘤、胃癌、鼻咽癌、喉癌、宫颈癌、子宫体癌和骨肉瘤。
在一些实施方案中,本发明提供一种试剂盒,其包含本发明上述所述的抗体或抗原结合片段、本发明上述所述的双功能融合蛋白分子、本发明上述所述的分离的核酸分子、本发明上述所述的表达载体、本发明上述所述的细胞、或本发明上述所述的方法制备的产品(例如抗体和抗原结合片段)、或本发明上述所述的药物组合物,以及使用说明。
术语定义和说明
如本文所用,术语“抗体”(Ab)是指与目标抗原特异性结合或具有免疫反应性的免疫球蛋白分子,包括抗体的多克隆、单克隆、基因工程化和其他修饰形式(包括但不限于嵌合抗体,人源化抗体,全人源抗体,异源偶联抗体(例如双特异性、三特异性和四特异性抗体,双抗体,三抗体和四抗体,抗体缀合物)以及抗体的抗原结合片段(包括例如Fab’、F(ab’)2、Fab、Fv、rIgG和scFv片段)。此外,除非另有说明,否则术语“单克隆抗体”(mAb)意指包括能够特异性结合靶蛋白的完整抗体分子以及不完整的抗体片段(例如Fab和F(ab’)2片段,它们缺少完整抗体的Fc片段,因此缺乏Fc介导的效应功能)(参见Wahl等人,J.Nucl.Med.24:316,1983;其内容援引加入本文)。
本文“抗体”可以来源于任何动物,包括但不限于人和非人动物,所述非人动物可选自灵长类动物、哺乳动物、啮齿动物和脊椎动物,例如骆驼科动物、大羊驼、原鸵、羊驼、羊、兔、小鼠、大鼠或软骨鱼纲(例如鲨)。
本文术语“单特异性”是指具有一个或多个结合位点,其中每个结合位点结合相同抗原的相同表位。
本文术语“多特异性”是指具有至少两个抗原结合位点,所述至少两个抗原结合位点中的每一个抗原结合位点与相同抗原的不同表位或与不同抗原的不同表位结合。因此,诸如“双特异性”、“三特异性”、“四特异性”等术语是指抗体/抗原结合分子可以结合的不同表位的数目。
本文“全长抗体”、“完好抗体”和“完整抗体”可互换使用,是指其具有基本上与天然抗体结构相似的结构。
如本文所用,术语“抗原结合片段”是指保留特异性结合靶抗原的能力的一个或更多个抗体片段。抗体的抗原结合功能可以由全长抗体的片段执行。抗体片段可以是Fab、F(ab’)2、scFv、SMIP、双抗体、三抗体、亲和体(affibody)、纳米抗体、适体或结构域抗体。涵盖术语抗体的“抗原结合片段”的结合片段的实例包括但不限于:(i)Fab片段,一种由VL、VH、CL和CHl结构域组成的单价片段;(ii)F(ab)2片段,一种包含由二硫键在铰链区连接的两个Fab片段的双价片段;(iii)由VH和CHl结构域组成的Fd片段;(iv)由抗体单臂的VL和VH结构域组成的Fv片段;(V)包含VH和VL结构域的dAb;(vi)由VH结构域组成的dAb片段(Ward等人,Nature 341:544-546,1989);(vii)由VH或VL结构域组成的dAb;(viii)分离的互补决定区(CDR);以及(ix)两个或更多个分离的CDR的组合,所述CDR可以任选地由合成接头连接。此外,虽然Fv片段的两个结构域VL和VH是通过独立的基因编码的,但是这两个结构域可以使用重组方法通过接头接合,该接头能够使其制成其中VL和VH区配对以形成单价分子的单蛋白质链(称为单链Fv(scFv);参见例如,Bird等人,Science 242:423-426,1988以及Huston等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 85:5879-5883,1988)。这些抗体片段可以使用本领域技术人员已知的常规技术获得,并且这些片段被筛选用于与完整抗体相同的方式使用。可以通过重组DNA技术、完整免疫球蛋白的酶促或化学裂解、或在一些实施方式中通过本领域已知的化学肽合成程序来产生抗原结合片段。
如本文所用,术语“PD-L1”是指程序性死亡配体-1,也称为CD279(分化簇279),是一种重要的免疫抑制分子。所述PD-L1优选地是人PD-L1。
如本文所用,术语“抗-程序性死亡配体-1抗体”、“程序性死亡配体-1抗体”、“抗PD-L1抗体”、“PD-L1抗体”、“抗-PD-L1抗体部分”和/或“抗-PD-L1抗体片段”等是指任何包含能够特异性结合PD-L1的免疫球蛋白分子的至少一部分(例如但不限于重链或轻链的至少一个互补决定区(CDR)或其配体结合部分、重链或轻链可变区、重链或轻链恒定区、框架区或其任何部分)的含蛋白质或肽的分子。PD-L1抗体还包括抗体样蛋白支架(如第十纤连蛋白III型结构域(10Fn3)),其含有与抗体CDR在结构和溶剂可及性上相似的BC、DE和FG结构环。10Fn3结构域的三级结构类似于IgG重链可变区的三级结构,并且通过将10Fn3的BC、DE和FG环的残基用来自PD-L1单克隆抗体的CDR-H1、CDR-H2或CDR-H3区的残基替换,本领域技术人员可以将,例如PD-L1单克隆抗体的CDR,接枝到纤连蛋白支架上。
如本文所用,术语“TGF-βR”是指与TGF-β配体结合的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶受体蛋白。能够捕获TGF-β配体从而调节该配体与一个或多个其他分子的相互作用。TGF-βR存在着Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型三种形式,分子量分别为53kDa、70~85kDa和250~350kDa。TGFβRI是信号传导链,不结合配体。TGFβRII高亲合力地结合配体TGFβ1和3,对TGFβ2则不然。TGFβRII/TGFβ复合物募集TGFβRI形成信号传导复合物(Won等,Cancer Res.1999;59:1273-7)。TGFβRIII是TGFβ与其信号传导受体结合的正向调节物,其高亲和力结合全部3种TGFβ亚型,可能参与捕获和保留TGF-β以呈递给信号受体,目前该受体的具体功能机制还有待进一步研究。
如本文所用,术语“TGFβRII”或“TGFβ受体II”是指具有蛋白激酶结构域的跨膜蛋白质,在与配体TGF-β结合后,募集并磷酸化第二个跨膜激酶TGFβRI进而激活下游SMAD信号,促使细胞发生与细胞增殖、细胞周期阻滞、伤口愈合、免疫抑制及肿瘤发生有关的基因的转录。
如本文所用,术语“互补决定区”(CDR)指在轻链和重链可变结构域中均发现的高变区。可变结构域中更高保守性的部分称为框架区(FR)。如本领域所理解的,表示抗体的高变区的氨基酸位置可以根据上下文和本领域已知的各种定义而变化。可变结构域内的一些位置可以被视为杂合高变位置,因为这些位置可以被认为是在一组标准(如IMGT或KABAT)下的高变区之内,而被认为在不同组的标准(如KABAT或IMGT)下的高变区之外。这些位置中的一个或更多个也可以在延伸的高变区中找到。本发明包括在这些杂合高变的位置中包含修饰的抗体。天然重链和轻链的可变结构域各自包含主要采用片层构型的四个框架区,其通过三个CDR(CDR1、CDR2和CDR3)连接,这三个CDR形成连接片层结构的环,并且在一些情况下形成片层结构的一部分。每条链中的CDR通过FR区按顺序FR1-CDR1-FR2-CDR2-FR3-CDR3-FR4紧密保持在一起,并且与来自其他抗体链的CDR促成了抗体的抗原结合位点的形成(参见Kabat等人,Sequences of Protein sofImmunological Interest,National Instituteof Health,Bethesda,Md.1987;其通过援引加入并入本文)。
如本文所用,术语“单克隆抗体”是指来源于单个克隆(包括任何真核、原核、或噬菌体克隆)的抗体,而不限于该抗体的产生方法。
如本文所用,术语“VH”是指抗体的免疫球蛋白重链(包括Fv、scFv或Fab的重链)的可变区。术语“VL”是指免疫球蛋白轻链(包括Fv、scFv、dsFv或Fab的轻链)的可变区。
本文术语“重链恒定区”是指抗体重链的羧基端部分,其不直接参与抗体与抗原的结合,但是表现出效应子功能,诸如与Fc受体的相互作用,其相对于抗体的可变结构域具有更保守的氨基酸序列。“重链恒定区”至少包含以下之一:CH1结构域,铰链区,CH2结构域,CH3结构域,或其变体或片段。“重链恒定区”包括“全长重链恒定区”和“重链恒定区片段”,前者具有基本上与天然抗体恒定区基本相似的结构,而后者仅包括“全长重链恒定区的一部分”。示例性地,典型的“全长抗体重链恒定区”由CH1结构域-铰链区-CH2结构域-CH3结构域组成;当抗体为IgE时,其还包括CH4结构域;当抗体为重链抗体时,则其不包括CH1结构域。示例性地,典型的“重链恒定区片段”可选自CH1、Fc或CH3结构域。
本文术语“轻链恒定区”是指抗体轻链的羧基端部分,其不直接参与抗体与抗原的结合,所述轻链恒定区可选自恒定κ结构域或恒定λ结构域。
本文术语“Fc”是指完整抗体经木瓜蛋白水解而成的抗体羧基端部分,典型地,其包含抗体的CH3和CH2结构域。Fc区包括例如天然序列Fc区、重组Fc区和变体Fc区。尽管免疫球蛋白重链的Fc区的边界可以略微变化,但是人IgG重链的Fc区通常被定义为从Cys226位置的氨基酸残基或从Pro230延伸至其羧基末端。Fc区的C末端赖氨酸(根据EU编号系统的残基447)可以例如在抗体的产生或纯化过程中,或通过对编码抗体重链的核酸重组工程化而除去,因此,Fc区可包括或不包括Lys447。
本文术语“人源化抗体”是指,经基因工程改造的非人源抗体,其氨基酸序列经修饰以提高与人源抗体的序列的同源性。通常而言,人源化抗体的全部或部分CDR区来自于非人源抗体(供体抗体),全部或部分的非CDR区(例如,可变区FR和/或恒定区)来自于人源免疫球蛋白(受体抗体)。人源化抗体通常保留或部分保留了供体抗体的预期性质,包括但不限于,抗原特异性、亲和性、反应性、提高免疫细胞活性的能力、增强免疫应答的能力等。
如本文所用,术语“百分比(%)序列一致性”是指在为达到最大百分比序列一致性而比对序列和引入空位(如果需要)(例如,为了最佳比对,可以在候选和参比序列中的一个或两个中引入空位,并且出于比较的目的,可以忽略非同源序列)之后,候选序列的氨基酸(或核苷酸)残基与参比序列的氨基酸(或核苷酸)残基相同的百分比。出于确定百分比序列一致性的目的,可以用本领域技术人员熟知的多种方式来实现比对,例如使用公众可得的计算机软件,如BLAST、ALIGN或Megalign(DNASTAIi)软件。本领域技术人员可以确定用于测量比对的适当参数,包括需要在被比较序列的全长范围实现最大比对的任何算法。例如,用于与候选序列进行比较而比对的参比序列可以显示候选序列在候选序列的全长或候选序列的连续氨基酸(或核苷酸)残基的选定部分上表现出从50%至100%的序列同一性。出于比较目的而比对的候选序列的长度可以是例如参比序列的长度的至少30%(例如30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%或100%)。当候选序列中的位置被与在参比序列中的相应位置相同的氨基酸(或核苷酸)残基占据时,则这些分子在那个位置是相同的。
本文术语“Kabat编号系统”通常是指由Elvin A.Kabat提出的免疫球蛋白比对及编号系统(参见,例如Kabat et al.,Sequences of Proteins of ImmunologicalInterest,5th Ed.Public Health Service,National Institutes of Health,Bethesda,Md.,1991)。
如本文所用,术语“特异性结合”是指一种结合反应,其决定抗原在蛋白质和其他生物分子的一个异质性群体中的存在状况,所述蛋白质和其他生物分子例如被抗体或其抗原结合片段特异性识别。与抗原特异性结合的抗体或其抗原结合片段将以小于100nM的KD与抗原结合。例如,与抗原特异性结合的抗体或其抗原结合片段将以高达100nM((例如,1pM至100nM之间)的KD与抗原结合。不显示与特定抗原或其表位特异性结合的抗体或其抗原结合片段将显示对该特定抗原或其表位的大于100nM(例如,大于500nM、1μM、100μΜ、500μΜ或1mM)的KD。可以使用多种免疫测定方式来选择与特定蛋白或碳水化合物进行特异性免疫反应的抗体。例如,常规地使用固相ELISA免疫测定法来选择与蛋白质或碳水化合物进行特异性免疫反应的抗体。参见,Harlow&Lane,Antibodies,ALaboratory Manual,Cold SpringHarbor Press,NewYork(1988)以及Harlow&Lane,Using Antibodies,A LaboratoryManual,Cold Spring Harbor Press,NewYork(1999),其描述了可以用于确定特异免疫反应性的免疫测定方式和条件。
如本文所用,术语“抗体缀合物”是指抗体分子直接或者通过连接接头与另一个分子化学键合而形成的偶联体/缀合物。例如抗体-药物缀合物(ADC),其中药物分子就是所述的另一个分子。
本文术语“嵌合抗原受体(CAR)”是指这样的重组蛋白,其包含至少(1)细胞外抗原结合结构域,例如抗体的可变重链或轻链,(2)锚定CAR进入免疫效应细胞的跨膜结构域,和(3)胞内信号传导结构域。在某些实施方式中,CAR的细胞外抗原结合结构域包含scFv。scFv可以源自融合抗体的可变区。替代地或另外,scFv可以衍生自Fab’s(而不是抗体,例如获自Fab文库)。在某些实施方式中,将scFv融合至跨膜结构域,然后融合至细胞内信号传导结构域。
本文术语“核酸”包括包含核苷酸的聚合物的任何化合物和/或物质。每个核苷酸由碱基,特别是嘌呤或嘧啶碱基(即胞嘧啶(C)、鸟嘌呤(G)、腺嘌呤(A)、胸腺嘧啶(T)或尿嘧啶(U))、糖(即脱氧核糖或核糖)和磷酸基团组成。通常,核酸分子由碱基的序列描述,由此所述碱基代表核酸分子的一级结构(线性结构)。碱基的序列通常表示为5′至3′。在本文中,术语核酸分子涵盖脱氧核糖核酸(DNA),包括例如互补DNA(cDNA)和基因组DNA、核糖核酸(RNA),特别是信使RNA(mRNA)、DNA或RNA的合成形式,以及包含两种或更多种这些分子的混合的聚合物。核酸分子可以是线性的或环状的。此外,术语核酸分子包括有义链和反义链二者,以及单链和双链形式。而且,本文所述的核酸分子可含有天然存在的或非天然存在的核苷酸。非天然存在的核苷酸的例子包括具有衍生的糖或磷酸骨架键合或化学修饰的残基的修饰的核苷酸碱基。核酸分子还涵盖DNA和RNA分子,其适合作为载体用于在体外和/或体内,例如在宿主或患者中,直接表达本发明的抗体。此类DNA(例如cDNA)或RNA(例如mRNA)载体可以是未修饰的或修饰的。例如,可以对mRNA进行化学修饰以增强RNA载体的稳定性和/或被编码分子的表达,从而可以将mRNA注入到受试者内以在体内产生抗体(参见例如Stadler等人,Nature Medicine 2017,published online 2017年6月12日,doi:10.1038/nm.4356或EP 2 101 823B1)。
本文术语“药物组合物”是指这样的制剂,其以允许包含在其中的活性成分的生物学活性有效的形式存在,并且不含有对施用所述药物组合物的受试者具有不可接受的毒性的另外的成分。
如本文所用,术语“受试者”、“对象”和“患者”是指接受对如本文所述的特定疾病或病症(如癌症或传染性疾病)的治疗的生物体。对象和患者的实例包括接受疾病或病症(例如细胞增殖性病症,如癌症或传染性疾病)的治疗的哺乳动物,如人、灵长类动物、猪、山羊、兔、仓鼠、猫、狗、豚鼠、牛科家族成员(如家牛、野牛、水牛、麋鹿和牦牛等)、绵羊或马等。
如本文所用,术语“治疗”是指外科手术或药物处理(surgical or therapeutictreatment),其目的是预防、减缓(减少)治疗对象中不希望的生理变化或病变,如细胞增殖性病症(如癌症或传染性疾病)的进展。有益的或所希望的临床结果包括但不限于症状的减轻、疾病程度减弱、疾病状态稳定(即,未恶化)、疾病进展的延迟或减慢、疾病状态的改善或缓和、以及缓解(无论是部分缓解或完全缓解),无论是可检测的或不可检测的。需要治疗的对象包括已患有病症或疾病的对象以及易于患上病症或疾病的对象或打算预防病症或疾病的对象。当提到减缓、减轻、减弱、缓和、缓解等术语时,其含义也包括消除、消失、不发生等情况。
本文术语“有效量”指单独给予或与另一治疗剂组合给予细胞、组织或对象时能有效防止或缓解疾病病症或该疾病进展的治疗剂用量。“有效量”还指足以缓解症状,例如治疗、治愈、防止或缓解相关医学病症,或治疗、治愈、防止或缓解这些病症的速度增加的化合物用量。当将活性成分单独给予个体时,治疗有效剂量单指该成分。当应用某一组合时,治疗有效剂量指产生治疗作用的活性成分的组合用量,而无论是组合、连续或同时给予。
本文术语“适当的条件”指适合培养各种宿主细胞的条件,其中宿主细胞包括真核细胞和/或原核细胞。
本文术语“癌症”指向或描述哺乳动物中典型地以不受调节的细胞生长为特征的生理状况。此定义中包括良性和/或恶性癌症。
本文术语“肿瘤”指所有赘生性(neoplastic)细胞生长和增殖,无论是恶性的还是良性的,及所有癌前(pre-cancerous)和癌性细胞和组织。术语“癌症”和“肿瘤”在本文中提到时并不互相排斥。
本文术语“抗肿瘤剂”指抗肿瘤药物,其为治疗肿瘤疾病的一类药物,如化疗药物、生物制剂等。
附图说明
下面通过对本发明的详细描述以及附图来清楚地说明本发明前面叙述的方面以及其他方面。本文中附图是为了举例说明本发明的一些优选的实施方案,然而,可以理解,本发明并不限于所公开的特定实施方案。
图1、SEC-HPLC检测纯化后的人源化PD-L1抗体纯度结果。
图2、SEC-HPLC检测纯化后的PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子纯度结果。
图3、ELISA方法测定人源化PD-L1抗体阻断PD-L1和PD-1结合结果,其中阳性对照为Avelumab。
图4、FACS测定人源化PD-L1抗体与细胞水平PD-L1结合能力,其中阳性对照为Avelumab。
图5、Jurkat-PD-1/CHO-PD-L1-NFAT体系测试人源化PD-L1抗体对PD-L1/PD-1阻断能力,其中阳性对照为Avelumab。
图6、人源化抗PD-L1抗体促进混合淋巴细胞反应中IFN-γ的分泌结果,其中阴性对照为anti-Hel抗体,阳性对照为Avelumab。
图7、PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子同时与PD-L1和TGF-β1结合,阴性对照为Anti-Hel-Trap。
图8、ELISA方法测定PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子阻断PD-L1蛋白与PD-1蛋白结合,阴性对照为Anti-Hel-Trap。
图9、FACS测定PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子结合工程细胞表面PD-L1蛋白的EC50,阴性对照为Anti-Hel-Trap。
图10、FACS测定PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子对DC细胞表面PD-L1结合的EC50,阴性对照为Anti-Hel-Trap。
图11、PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子增强CHO-PD-L1-Jurkat-PD-1-NFAT体系中报告基因的表达,阴性对照为Anti-Hel-Trap。
图12、PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子阻抑与TGF-β/SMAD报告基因细胞系上受体的结合和信号传导,阳性对照为Anti-Hel-Trap。
图13、PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子促进混合淋巴细胞反应中IFN-γ的分泌,阴性对照为Anti-Hel-Trap。
图15、PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子增强Treg抑制的混合淋巴反应体系中CD8+T细胞的增殖,阴性对照为Anti-Hel和Anti-Hel-Trap。
图16、人源化PD-L1抗体体内对A375人黑色素瘤生长抑制结果。
图17、人源化PD-L1抗体体内药效评估体重监测结果。
图18、PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子血药浓度曲线。
图19A-图19B、PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子抗Detroit562肿瘤生长曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来进一步描述本发明,本发明的优点和特点将会随着描述而更为清楚。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
本发明实施例仅是范例性的,并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。本领域技术人员应该理解的是,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下可以对本发明技术方案的细节和形式进行修改或替换,但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。
实施例1.抗体人源化
首先采用经典“CDRs移植”方法进行抗体人源化,即通过序列挑选同源性最高的人源性抗体提供抗体骨架区(FRs),把目标抗体的基于Kabat命名方法的抗原结合片段互补决定区(CDRs),移植到前者形成人源化抗体。其次,为更好保持抗体活性和亲和力,通过MOE软件基于抗体结构建模分析:1).选择抗体骨架区位于VH-VL界面、靠近或与CDRs有直接相互作用等氨基酸残基进行回复突变,这类氨基酸残基对保持CDRs区构象多较重要;2).考虑到免疫原性,尽量选择包埋在蛋白内部的氨基酸进行回复突变;3).考虑到抗体稳定性和表达水平,优先考虑分子能量降低突变。通过测试含有不同突变的人源化抗体与人PD-L1的亲和力以及和表面表达PD-L1的细胞的结合,筛选与鼠源PD-L1抗体亲和力、抗体表征和活性功能相当或更好的人源化抗体。
其中,鼠源PD-L1抗体PDL1-156经过人源化后的优选候选抗体分子156-BM12的重链轻链可变区的氨基酸序列信息如下表1所示。
表1.鼠源及人源化抗PD-L1抗体重链可变区和轻链可变区的具体序列信息
实施例2PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子构建
PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子是抗PD-L1抗体和TGFβ受体II的融合蛋白。156-BM12-Trap表示抗PD-L1抗体156-BM12和TGFβ受体II(Trap)的融合蛋白,该分子的重链(SEQ IDNO:5)是融合蛋白,其将可溶性TGFβ受体II(SEQ ID NO:8)的N端通过(Gly4Ser)4Gly接头(SEQ ID NO:7)融合至抗PD-L1抗体156-BM12重链的C端。为减少蛋白质被水解切割,在融合蛋白结合处将156-BM12重链C末端的赖氨酸残基突变成丙氨酸。抗PD-L1抗体的重链表达载体和轻链表达载体的恒定区都来自于人IgG1。完整156-BM12-Trap蛋白重链表达序列从N端到C端分别是信号肽(SEQ ID NO:9)-VH-CH1-铰链区-CH2-CH3-(Gly4Ser)4Gly-TGFβRII,完整轻链表达序列从N端到C端分别是信号肽-VL-CL。采用瞬时或稳定转染的方案对156-BM12-Trap蛋白进行表达,用编码156-BM12-Trap的重链DNA载体(SEQ ID NO:10)(金斯瑞合成)和编码156-BM12-Trap的轻链DNA载体(SEQ ID NO:11)(金斯瑞合成)共同转染哺乳动物细胞。收获培养基上清,并对上清中蛋白进行回收纯化和功能分析。156-BM12-Trap序列信息如下表2所示。
表2. 156-BM12-Trap的具体序列信息
实施例3人源化PD-L1抗体及PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子的表达和纯化
分子表达:转染前1天将传代的ExpiCHO-S细胞(Gibco Cat.A29127 Lot.1882585)计数,并以2.5~4×106cells/mL的密度接种于新鲜的ExpiCHO Expression medium(Gibico,A2910001)中,置37.0℃,8%CO2,100rpm的摇床中过夜培养。转染当天,取过夜培养的ExpiCHO-S细胞悬液计数,活力需>95%。取细胞悬液用ExpiCHO Expression Medium稀释至6×106cells/mL的密度,置于37.0℃,8%CO2,100rpm摇床备用。将分子表达质粒加入OptiPROTMSFM(Gibico,12309019)培养基中稀释0.8μg/mL并混匀。将混匀的ExpiFectamineTMCHO Reagent(ExpiFectamineTMCHO Transfection Kit包含;Gibico,A29129)加入上述OptiPROTMSFM-质粒混合液中,轻摇混匀后室温静置1~5mins。再将上述质粒/ExpiFectamineTMCHO Reagent复合物缓慢滴入待转染细胞悬液,滴加的过程中摇转摇瓶。转染结束后,将转染的细胞放入温度37.0℃,8%CO2,100rpm的摇床中培养。转染后第1天向转染的细胞中补加相当于细胞体积0.6%的ExpiFectamineTMCHO Enhancer(ExpiFectamineTMCHO Transfection Kit包含;Gibico,A29129)和16%的ExpiCHOTMFeed(ExpiFectamineTMCHO Transfection Kit包含;Gibico,A29129),加入过程中轻轻摇转摇瓶,并且将细胞转移至温度32℃,5%CO2,100rpm的摇床中培养。转染后第5天向转染的细胞中补加相当于细胞体积16%的ExpiCHOTMFeed,加入过程中轻轻摇转摇瓶。转染后第12天9000g,10min离心收集细胞上清待用。
分子纯化:接入亲和层析柱,水洗层析系统和亲和层析柱,0.1M NaOH清洗层析柱,CIP维持30min;PBS平衡4个柱体积,平衡至pH及电导稳定;将表达上清过滤并上样,保留时间≥5min;上样结束,用PBS冲洗柱子,直至A280紫外吸收降至基线;然后用20mM PB+1MNaCl(pH 6.0)洗杂2倍柱体积;再用PBS冲洗柱子,直至A280紫外吸收和电导达到基线。最后用20mM柠檬酸(pH 3.4)的洗脱缓冲液冲洗层析柱,根据A280紫外吸收峰收集洗脱峰,收集的洗脱样品用1M Tris-HCl(pH 9.0)中和至中性。将上述中和后的洗脱样品超滤浓缩后进行体积排阻层析,0.5M NaOH清洗层析柱,CIP维持30min,20mM柠檬酸(pH5.5)平衡层析柱,平衡至pH及电导稳定;上样,流速2.6mL/min,上样体积小于10mL;再用20mM柠檬酸(pH 5.5)平衡层析柱,根据A280紫外吸收合并目的蛋白峰。收集的蛋白经SEC-HPLC鉴定纯度>95%,经LC-MS鉴定正确,测量浓度后分装备用(详见图1-2)。
实施例4 PD-L1抗体/PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子与重组人、食蟹猴PD-L1蛋白以及PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子与重组人、食蟹猴TGF-β1、重组人TGF-β2、重组人TGF-β3蛋白结合的KD测定
使用Biacore T200(GE Healthcare)测定PD-L1抗体对于人和食蟹猴PD-L1-His蛋白的结合亲和力、156-BM12-Trap双功能分子对于重组人、食蟹猴PD-L1蛋白以及重组人、食蟹猴TGF-β1、重组人TGF-β2、重组人TGF-β3蛋白的结合亲和力。25℃下使用商品化ProteinA(GE Healthcare,Cat.29127556)芯片进行检测。25℃下采用多循环动力学法测定抗体与抗原的亲和力,在每一个循环中,首先将待测抗体捕获到Protein A芯片,然后注入重组人PD-L1蛋白(Cat.#C315,Novoprotein)、食蟹猴PD-L1蛋白(Cat.#90251-C08H,Sinobiological)以及重组人、食蟹猴TGF-β1(Cat.#10804-HNAC,Sinobiological)、重组人TGF-β2(Cat.#CJ79,Novoprotein)、重组人TGF-β3蛋白(Cat.#CJ44,Novoprotein),最后用Glycine pH 1.5(沪试,Cat.62011516)再生。流动相为HBS-EP+Buffer(GE Healthcare,Cat.BR-1006-69),流速30μL/min,结合时间为300秒。再生流速30μL/min,时间为30秒。应用Biacore T200Evaluation Software(version 3.0),以1:1结合模型,分析试验数据,拟合抗体抗原的平衡解离常数KD,确定结合速率常数ka和解离速率常数kd。
从结果可知所测试PD-L1人源化抗体对人PD-L1重组蛋白与食蟹猴PD-L1重组蛋白的结合,156-BM12-Trap双功能分子对于重组人、食蟹猴PD-L1蛋白以及重组人、食蟹猴TGF-β1、重组人TGF-β2、重组人TGF-β3蛋白的结合亲和力的结合,都表现出nM或更高的亲和力,详见下表3-4。
表3.人源化PD-L1抗体Biacore亲和力测定结果
表4.PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子Biacore亲和力测定结果
实施例5抗体阻断PD-L1和PD-1相互作用的IC50测定
通过竞争性ELISA方法确定抗PD-L1抗体阻断PD-L1蛋白与PD-1蛋白结合的IC50。使用碳酸盐缓冲液稀释人PD-L1重组蛋白(Sino Biological,Cat.10084-H05H),加入96孔酶标板,终浓度为1μg/ml。用含3%BSA的PBS溶液封闭,加入梯度稀释的抗PD-L1抗体(40nM~0.02nM)以及人PD-1-His重组蛋白(Sino Biological,Cat.10377-H08H)进行共孵育后,加入HRP标记的抗His标签抗体(MBL,Cat.D291-7),TMB(Thermo,Cat.34029)显色,1M硫酸终止后读取OD值(双波长450nm-630nm)。将抗体浓度与OD值对应即可绘制出测试抗体的竞争结合曲线,计算出IC50值。图3显示了抗PD-L1抗体与人PD-L1重组蛋白的竞争结合曲线。结果表明,被测试的156-BM12抗体可以有效的阻断人PD-L1蛋白与人PD-1蛋白的相互作用,IC50为1.489nM,阳性对照Avelumab(Pfizer,lot:AU020322)为1.263nM。
实施例6 FACS测定PD-L1抗体对细胞表面PD-L1结合的EC50
将梯度浓度的待检测抗体(抗体浓度:10000ng/ml-0.1ng/ml)与细胞表面高表达PD-L1的CHO-PD-L1细胞(南京勇山生物科技有限公司,105个/孔),4℃共同孵育30min。孵育结束后,加入1:250稀释的anti-human IgG PE荧光抗体(eBioscience,Cat.12-4998-8),4℃下共同孵育30min,荧光抗体与待检测抗体的Fc段产生特异性结合,通过FACS检测PE荧光强度的高低而对待检测抗体的结合细胞表面高表达的PD-L1蛋白的能力进行分析。图4结果显示,156-BM12抗体EC50为104.9ng/ml,与本次实验的阳性对照Avelumab(EC50为~72ng/ml)相近。该检测定量地证实了156-BM12抗体对细胞表面上PD-L1靶点剂量依赖性结合的能力。MFI fold=实验组MFI值/未加药物的对照组MFI值。
实施例7 PD-1/PD-L1-NFAT报告基因测试抗PD-L1抗体阻抑PD-1:PD-L1结合和信号传导
利用稳定转染PD-1的Jurkat细胞株(GenScript,Cat.00612)和稳定转染PD-L1的CHO细胞株(GenScript,Cat.M00613)比较PD-L1抗体对PD-1/PD-L1蛋白相互作用及其信号通路的拮抗作用。当抑制信号通路阻抑,NFAT控制的发光报告基因表达增强,发光信号值增加。通过发光读值的强弱(relative light units,RLU)反应抗体对PD-L1的阻断作用强弱。
将稳转PD-L1的CHO细胞株种在96孔白底板上,每孔40000个细胞,100μl/孔,放回培养箱过夜;第二天,取出孔板,吸去培养基,加入稳转PD-1的细胞株及待测的PD-L1抗体共孵育,PD-1细胞每孔加样量为16000个/孔,抗体则做梯度稀释,每个剂量3复孔,孵育体积为100μl/孔,孵育时长为6小时,待孵育完成时,取出孔板,等体积(100μl)加入发光检测试剂,读值。根据检测值用Graphpad进行4参数分析做回归曲线,得到各抗体的EC50值。图5显示,被测的156-BM12抗体的EC50值(340.8ng/ml)与阳性对照抗体Avelumab的EC50值(291ng/ml)相近。该检测定量地证实了156-BM12抗体对细胞表面PD-1:PD-L1相互作用导致的T细胞活性抑制呈现剂量依赖性的阻抑能力,从而剂量依赖地增强Jurkat细胞内报告基因的活性。
实施例8 ELISA检测混合淋巴细胞反应中T细胞分泌的IFN-γ
通过混合淋巴细胞反应(mixed lymphocyte reaction,MLR)来测定PD-L1单抗增强T细胞的活性。从健康人供体1的外周血单核细胞(peripheral blood mononuclearcells,PBMC)中分离CD14+单核细胞,应用重组人粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF,Peprotech,Cat.300-03)和重组人白介素4(rhIL-4,Peprotech,Cat.200-04)进行体外诱导分化为树突状细胞(dendritic cell,DC),于培养第6天加入LPS(Sigma,Cat:L4516)刺激成熟DC,第7天将供体1的DC细胞与从健康供体2的PBMC富集的CD4+T细胞混合共培养,DC:CD4+T细胞数比例为1:10,加入待测抗体、阴性对照抗体anti-Hel和阳性对照抗体Avelumab(抗体浓度:12.5nM-0.125nM),共培养4天。4天后收集细胞培养上清,用ELISA方法检测上清中IFN-γ的含量。如图6显示,156-BM12及阳性对照抗体Avelumab相比anti-Hel单抗阴性对照组,可明显增强MLR实验中CD4+T细胞分泌IFN-γ的能力,并且随着PD-L1抗体药物浓度降低,增加分泌IFN-γ的活性也降低。该结果表明156-BM12可增强T细胞的功能,且具有剂量依赖性。(T-test,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,****P<0.0001.)
实施例9 PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子同时结合PD-L1和TGF-β1的EC50测定
使用碳酸盐缓冲液稀释人TGF-β1重组蛋白(Novoprotein,Cat.CA59),加入96孔酶标板,终浓度为0.5μg/ml。用含3%BSA的PBS溶液封闭,加入梯度稀释的测试抗体(4nM~0.03nM)孵育后,加入1μg/ml带有His标签的人PD-L1重组蛋白(SinoBiological,Cat.10084-H08H)孵育后,加入HRP标记的抗His标签抗体(R&D Systems,Cat.MAB050H),TMB显色,1M硫酸终止后读取OD值(双波长450nm-630nm)。将抗体浓度与OD值对应即可绘制出测试抗体的结合曲线,计算出EC50值。图7显示了156-BM12-Trap双功能分子同时结合人TGF-β1和人PD-L1重组蛋白的结合曲线。结果表明,图中所示同型PD-L1抗体156-BM12和同型阴性对照anti-Hel-Trap在测试的最高浓度4nM下都不存在同时结合,而156-BM12-Trap双功能分子可以同时结合人TGF-β1和人PD-L1重组蛋白,EC50为0.8201nM。
实施例10 PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子阻断PD-L1和PD-1相互作用的IC50测定
实验方法同实施例5,待测抗体浓度为40nM~0.02nM。图8显示了156-BM12-Trap双功能分子与人PD-L1重组蛋白的竞争结合曲线。结果表明,156-BM12-Trap双功能分子与对应的PD-L1单抗156-BM12抗体均可以有效的阻断人PD-L1蛋白与人PD-1蛋白的相互作用,IC50分别为0.8858nM和0.8958nM。抗体同型阴性对照Anti-Hel-Trap没有显示出任何阻断作用。
实施例11 FACS测定PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子对工程细胞表面PD-L1结合的EC50
将梯度浓度的待检测抗体(抗体浓度:10000ng/ml-0.1ng/ml)与细胞表面高表达PD-L1的CHO-PD-L1细胞(南京勇山生物科技有限公司,1×105个/孔),4℃共同孵育30min。孵育结束后,加入1:250稀释的anti-human IgG PE荧光抗体(eBioscience,Cat.12-4998-8),4℃下共同孵育30min,荧光抗体与待检测抗体的Fc段产生特异性结合,通过FACS检测PE荧光强度的高低而对待检测抗体的结合细胞表面高表达的PD-L1蛋白的能力进行分析。图9结果显示,156-BM12-Trap双功能分子EC50为0.73pM,抗体同型阴性对照Anti-Hel-Trap没有显示出结合能力。该检测定量地证实了156-BM12-Trap双功能分子对细胞表面上PD-L1靶点剂量依赖性结合的能力。平均荧光强度变化倍数=实验组平均荧光强度/未加药物的对照组平均荧光强度。
实施例12 FACS测定PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子对DC细胞表面PD-L1结合的EC50
从健康人供体的外周血单个核细胞(peripheral blood mononuclear cells,PBMC)中分离CD14+单核细胞,应用重组人粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF,Peprotech,Cat.300-03)和重组人白介素4(rhIL-4,Peprotech,Cat.200-04)进行体外诱导分化为树突状细胞(dendritic cell,DC),于培养第6天加入LPS(Sigma,Cat:L4516)刺激一天,分化为成熟DC细胞。将梯度浓度的待测抗体(抗体浓度:25nM-0.25pM)与DC在4℃共同孵育30min。孵育结束后,加入1:250稀释的anti-human IgG PE荧光抗体(eBioscience,Cat.12-4998-8),4℃下共同孵育30min,荧光抗体与待检测抗体的Fc段产生特异性结合,通过FACS检测PE荧光强度的高低而对待检测抗体的结合细胞表面高表达的PD-L1蛋白的能力进行分析。图10结果显示,156-BM12-Trap双功能分子EC50为0.6328nM,与对应的PD-L1单抗156-BM12抗体EC50(0.4048nM)相近,同型阴性对照抗体Anti-Hel-Trap没有表现出与DC的剂量依赖结合。该检测定量地证实了156-BM12-Trap双功能分子对DC细胞表面上PD-L1靶点剂量依赖性结合的能力。
实施例13 PD-L1/PD-1-NFAT报告基因测试PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子阻抑PD-1:PD-L1结合和信号传导
实验方法同实施例7,待测抗体浓度为50nM-0.2nM。图11显示,156-BM12-Trap双功能分子的EC50值为3.536nM,与对应的PD-L1单抗156-BM12的EC50值(2.154nM)相近。同型阴性对照抗体Anti-Hel-Trap没有表现出阻抑能力。该检测定量地证实了156-BM12-Trap双功能分子对细胞表面PD-1:PD-L1相互作用导致的T细胞活性抑制呈现剂量依赖性的阻抑能力,从而剂量依赖地增强Jurkat细胞内报告基因的活性。
实施例14 TGF/SMAD报告基因测试PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子阻抑TGF-β1与受体的结合和信号传导
利用稳定整合荧光素酶基因到SBE控制下的HEK293细胞株(BPS,Cat.60653)比较抗体对人TGF-β1蛋白(PeproTech,Cat.100-21)与细胞表面受体相互作用及其信号通路的拮抗作用。TGF-β1结合细胞表面受体时,可以激活SBE控制的荧光素酶基因表达,产生发光信号。当结合被阻断是阻抑,发光信号值减弱。通过发光读值的强弱(relative lightunits,RLU)反应抗体对TGF-β1的阻断作用强弱。
将细胞株种在96孔白底板上,每孔35000个细胞,100μl/孔,放入培养箱培养20-24小时;第二天,取出孔板,吸去培养基,加入终浓度为1ng/ml的人TGF-β1,抗体则做梯度稀释,每个剂量3复孔,孵育体积为100μl/孔,37℃培养箱孵育过夜。待孵育完成时,取出孔板,等体积(100μl)加入发光检测试剂,读值。将未加抗体组的发光信号值设为100%,将各组信号值转换为相对发光百分比,用Graphpad进行4参数分析做回归曲线,得到各抗体的EC50值。图12显示,156-BM12-Trap双功能分子的EC50值为24.05pM,与对应的同型对照抗体Anti-Hel-Trap的EC50值(27.36pM)相近,对应的PD-L1单抗156-BM12没有表现出阻抑能力。该检测定量地证实了156-BM12-Trap双功能分子对TGF-β1与细胞表面受体结合及下游信号通路的抑制呈现剂量依赖性的阻抑能力,从而剂量依赖地抑制HEK293细胞内报告基因的活性。
实施例15 ELISA检测混合淋巴细胞反应中T细胞分泌的IFN-γ
实验方法同实施例8,待测抗体浓度为0.125nM-12.5nM。如图13显示,156-BM12-Trap及对应PD-L1单抗156-BM12,相比同型阴性对照Anti-Hel-Trap,均可明显增强MLR实验中CD4+T细胞分泌IFN-γ的能力,并且随着抗体浓度降低,增加分泌IFN-γ的活性也降低。该结果表明156-BM12-Trap双功能分子可增强T细胞的功能,且具有剂量依赖性(T-test,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,****P<0.0001.)。
T细胞在IL-2和TGF-β1的作用下会被诱导分化为Treg细胞,抗体与TGF-β1的结合可以阻断分化,通过检测分化为Treg细胞的比例,可以测定抗体的抑制作用。从人外周血单核细胞(peripheral blood mononuclear cells,PBMC)中分离 T细胞,80000个/孔加入96孔板中。另外加入160000个/孔Dynabeads Human Treg expander(Gibco,Cat.11129D),100IU Human IL-2(R&D systems,Cat.202-IL),1.25ng/ml TGF-β1(PeproTech,Cat.100-21),同时加入梯度稀释的抗体(抗体浓度:25nM-0nM),共培养4天。4天后通过流式细胞仪检测细胞中Treg细胞的比例。如图14显示,156-BM12-Trap可明显抑制T细胞分化为Treg细胞的比例,并且随着抗体浓度降低,抑制能力下降。对应PD-L1单抗156-BM12并没有表现出抑制效果。该结果表明156-BM12-Trap双功能分子可抑制T细胞向Treg细胞分化,且具有剂量依赖性。
实施例17 PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子增强Treg抑制的混合淋巴反应体系中CD8+T细胞的增殖
PD-L1抗体可以增强混合淋巴反应中T细胞的激活,当体系中加入Treg细胞后,Treg细胞分泌的TGF-β1会对T细胞产生抑制,导致细胞增殖的下调。156-BM12-Trap双功能分子包含PD-L1抗体和Trap,可以在Treg-混合淋巴反应体系中优于PD-L1和Trap单独作用增强的T细胞增殖。从人外周血单核细胞(peripheral blood mononuclear cells,PBMC)中分离CD14+单核细胞,应用重组人粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF,Peprotech,Cat.300-03)和重组人白介素4(rhIL-4,Peprotech,Cat.200-04)进行体外诱导分化为树突状细胞(dendritic cell,DC),于培养第6天加入LPS(Sigma,Cat:L4516)刺激24h诱导成为成熟DC细胞。同时从人PBMC中分离CD4+CD25+FoxP3+的Treg细胞,并用IL-2(R&D system,Cat.202-IL)和Dynabeads Treg Expander(Gibco,Cat.11129D)体外扩增。将诱导的DC和扩增的Treg与从PBMC中分离并标记荧光(Celltrace Violet Cell Proliferation Kit,Invitrogen,Cat.C34557)的CD8+T细胞混合共培养,DC:Treg:CD8+T细胞数比例为1:1:4,加入50nM待测抗体共培养4天。4天后用流式细胞仪检测CD8+T的增殖细胞比例,以未加入Treg和抗体的阳性对照组(DC+CD8+T)的增殖比例为100%,计算各组的相对增殖比例。如图15显示,156-BM12-Trap显著增强了实验中CD8+T细胞的增殖,并且细胞增殖的比例高于对应PD-L1单抗156-BM12组以及同型对照抗体Anti-Hel-Trap组。该结果表明156-BM12-Trap双功能分子具有优于PD-L1单抗156-BM12和同型对照Anti-Hel-Trap的解除抑制和增强细胞增殖的效果。(One-way ANOVA,**P<0.01)
实施例18 HuPBMC人源化小鼠体内药效评估
A375细胞(北纳生物,BNCC100266)以5×106个/0.1mL浓度接种于雌性5-6周NPG小鼠(北京维通达生物技术有限公司)的右侧皮下。A375细胞接种后,Hu PBMC细胞(ALLCELLs,PB005F-C)以5×106个/0.2mL浓度尾静脉注射于小鼠体内,待肿瘤生长到大约100mm3时按肿瘤体积挑选24只随机分组,每组8只,共3组,分别为:Vehicle(PBS)、Tecentriq(30mg/kg;lotNO.HK65567,Roche)、156-BM12(30mg/kg)。所有组给药途径均为腹腔注射,每周给药3次,连续给药5次,末次给药2天后结束实验。给药和观察期间每周测量3次小鼠体重和肿瘤体积,并记录测量值,计算肿瘤体积(长径×短径2/2)和生长抑制率TGITV(%)=(1-(Tn/T0)/(Vn/V0))×100%,其中Tn表示治疗组实验终点肿瘤平均体积;T0表示治疗组起始点平均肿瘤体积;Vn表示溶媒组终点肿瘤平均体积;V0表示溶媒组起始点肿瘤平均体积。在分组给药第11天,与对照组相比,阳性药Tecentriq组和PD-L1抗体156-BM12组在肿瘤体积上有显著且相近的抑制效果,且具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。详情见图16、表5。
表5.受试物对A375细胞移植HuPBMC NPG小鼠肿瘤体积的影响
注:a:平均数±标准误;
b:给药组肿瘤体积与Vehicle对照组肿瘤体积在分组给药第11天进行统计学比较,Two-way ANOVA分析,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,****P<0.0001。
实验动物在给药期间活动和进食状态良好,体重整体呈上升趋势,说明156-BM12安全性较高,详情见图17、表6。
表6.受试物对A375细胞移植HuPBMC NPG小鼠体重的影响
注:a:平均数±标准误;
最终结果表明人源化的PD-L1抗体156-BM12对A375肿瘤皮下移植瘤生长有显著抑制作用且表现出较高安全性。与阳性对照抗体Tecentriq相比两者TGI水平相当。
实施例19 Hu-PD-L1小鼠体内药物动力代谢研究
动物实验:HuPD-L1-C57BL/6小鼠(雌性,6-8周;百奥赛图基因技术有限公司)到达动物房后,适应3天,按照下表(见表7)分组方案,按照平均体重随机进行分组,每组3只动物,在给药前,每只动物先进行药前血(pre)的采集,随后进行化合物的配置以及给药操作,并按照要求的时间点(15min,7h,24h,52h,72h,96h,144h,192h,240h,336h)进行采血操作,血样采集到微量采血管(促凝剂/分离胶)中,放置约半小时后,使用冷冻离心机,4℃,12000rpm,5min离心,分离血清至新的ep管中,保存于-80℃冰箱,留待后用。
血药浓度分析:双功能药物建立2种分析方法,分别比较自研候选与对照药物的单端和全长分子水平。(1)PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子(156-BM12-Trap)血药分析方法:用PDL1-His蛋白(Sino Biological,Cat:10084-H08H)包被,加入梯度浓度的双抗分子作为标准曲线,范围为1000-15.625ng/ml,高中低浓度的双抗分子作为质控,与稀释过后的血清样品加入包被板中孵育结合,加入biotinlyated anti-TGFβRII(R&D Systems,Cat:BAF241)作为检测抗体,再结合SA-HRP(Thermo,Cat:TD267020)并用TMB显色。(2)156-BM12(anti-PD-L1 mAb)分析方法:用PDL1-His蛋白包被,加入梯度浓度的156-BM12作为标准曲线,范围为1000-15.625ng/ml,高中低浓度的156-BM12作为质控,与稀释过后的血清样品加入包被板中孵育结合,加入Donkey Anti Human(H+L)Antibody HRP(Jackson,Cat:709-035-149)作为检测抗体,并用TMB(1-StepTM ULtra TMB-ELISAThermo)显色。最终结果(详见图18、表8)显示双功能分子156-BM12-Trap具有与156-BM12单抗基本一致的PK线性,半衰期为21.37小时。
表7.PK实验分组给药方案
备注:i.v表示静脉注射
表8.体内代谢分析结果
实施例20人免疫重建鼠体内评估PD-L1-TGFβRII双功能分子抗Detroit562肿瘤效果
复苏冻存PBMC(ALLCELLS;Cat:PB005F-C),以5×106个/只尾静脉注射到NPG小鼠(雌性,5-6周,北京维通达生物技术有限公司)体内,接种PBMC后次日接种Detroit562(人咽鳞状细胞癌)细胞(ATCC;CCL-138)5×106个/只皮下接种于NPG小鼠右后背部。待肿瘤长至约90mm3,通过随机分组将小鼠随机分为PBS,Tecentriq 7.8mg/kg,AntiHel-Trap10mg/kg、5mg/kg、2.5mg/kg三个剂量组,156-BM12-Trap 10mg/kg、5mg/kg、2.5mg/kg三个剂量组,每组8只(见表9)。并开始尾静脉给药治疗,一周三次,共给药7次。每周测3次瘤体积,记录数据。给药后第16天统计各组动物肿瘤体积并计算抑瘤率(TGI TV(%)=(1-(Tt-T0)/(Vt-V0))×100%;Tt:治疗组在给药第t天的肿瘤体积均值,T0:治疗组在给药第0天的肿瘤体积均值;Vt:溶剂对照组在给药第t天的肿瘤体积均值,V0:溶剂对照组在给药第0天的肿瘤体积均值),Graphpad Prism软件作图,使用two way ANOVA统计分析组间差异。最终结果表明,各治疗组均有显著抗肿瘤效果(见表10),156-BM12-Trap有剂量依赖关系且同摩尔剂量下药效显著好于Tecentriq(详见图19A),同时在2.5mg/kg剂量条件下显著优于同剂量Anti-Hel-Trap(TGF-βRII单边对照)(详见图19B)。
表9.体内药效实验分组方案
备注:i.v表示静脉注射,TIW表示每周给药三次。
表10. 156-BM12-Trap抗Detroit562肿瘤药效分析统计
D0:首次给药时间;*p<0.05,**p<0.01,***p<0.001,****p<0.0001vs PBS by twoway ANOVA。
序列表
<110> 江苏先声药业有限公司
<120> 抗人PD-L1抗体和TGFβRII的双功能融合蛋白分子
<130> SR0413-CN2
<141> 2022-05-09
<150> 2021105106479
<151> 2021-05-11
<160> 11
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cacacctgtc ccccttgtcc tgcccctgaa ctgctgggcg gaccttccgt gttcctgttc 720
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gtggatgtgt cccacgagga ccctgaagtg aagttcaatt ggtacgtgga cggcgtggaa 840
gtgcacaacg ccaagaccaa gcctagagag gaacagtaca actccaccta ccgggtggtg 900
tccgtgctga cagtgctgca tcaggactgg ctgaacggca aagagtacaa gtgcaaggtg 960
tccaacaagg ccctgcctgc ccccatcgaa aagaccatct ccaaggccaa gggccagccc 1020
cgggaacccc aggtgtacac actgccccct agccgggaag agatgaccaa gaaccaggtg 1080
tccctgacct gtctcgtgaa aggcttctac ccctccgata tcgccgtgga atgggagtcc 1140
aacggccagc ctgagaacaa ctacaagacc accccccctg tgctggactc cgacggctca 1200
ttcttcctgt acagcaagct gaccgtggac aagtcccggt ggcagcaggg caacgtgttc 1260
tcctgctccg tgatgcacga ggccctgcac aaccactaca cccagaagtc cctgtccctg 1320
agccccggcg ctggaggagg aggctccggc ggaggaggca gcggtggcgg cggctctggc 1380
ggcggcggct ccggcatccc accccatgtg cagaagtccg tgaacaatga catgatcgtg 1440
accgataaca atggcgccgt gaagtttccc cagctgtgca agttctgtga cgtgaggttc 1500
tccacctgtg ataaccagaa gagctgcatg tctaattgtt ccatcacaag catctgcgag 1560
aagcctcagg aggtgtgcgt ggccgtgtgg cgcaagaacg acgagaatat caccctggag 1620
acagtgtgcc acgatccaaa gctgccctac catgacttca tcctggagga tgccgctagc 1680
cccaagtgta tcatgaagga gaagaagaag cctggcgaga ccttctttat gtgctcttgt 1740
tccagcgacg agtgtaacga taatatcatc ttttccgagg agtataacac aagcaatccc 1800
gac 1803
<210> 11
<211> 639
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 11
gagatcgtgc tgacccagtc tccagccctg ctgagcctgt ctccaggaga gagggtgaca 60
ctgtcctgct ccgcctccag ctctgtgaac tacgtgtatt ggtaccagca gaagccagga 120
caggctccca ggcctctgat ctatctgacc ttcaatctgg cctccggcat ccctgctcgg 180
ttctctggat ccggaagcgg cacagacttt accctgacaa tctccagcct ggagcctgag 240
gatttcgccg tgtactattg tcagcagtgg tcttccaacc cactgacctt tggcggcggc 300
acaaaggtgg agatcaagcg gaccgtggcc gctccctccg tgttcatctt cccaccttcc 360
gacgagcagc tgaagtccgg caccgcttct gtcgtgtgcc tgctgaacaa cttctacccc 420
cgcgaggcca aggtgcagtg gaaggtggac aatgccctgc agtccggcaa ctcccaggaa 480
tccgtgaccg agcaggactc caaggacagc acctactccc tgtcctccac cctgaccctg 540
tccaaggccg actacgagaa gcacaaggtg tacgcctgcg aagtgaccca ccagggcctg 600
tctagccccg tgaccaagtc tttcaaccgg ggcgagtgc 639
Claims (18)
1.一种双功能融合蛋白分子,其特征在于,所述双功能融合蛋白分子包含特异性结合人程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)的分离的抗体或抗原结合片段,以及人TGFβRII或其能够结合TGFβ的片段;所述抗体或抗原结合片段的重链可变区和轻链可变区分别具有SEQ ID NO:3和SEQ ID NO:4所示序列,或者与SEQ ID NO:3和SEQ ID NO:4所示序列相比具有至少80%、85%、90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或更高一致性的序列。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双功能融合蛋白分子,其特征在于,其与人程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)结合的解离常数(KD)不大于2.1×10-9M,与食蟹猴程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)结合的解离常数(KD)不大于1.2×10-9M。
3.根据权利要求1或2任一项所述的双功能融合蛋白分子,其特征在于,所述抗体或抗原结合片段为:
(1)嵌合抗体或其片段;
(2)人源化抗体或其片段;或
(3)全人源抗体或其片段。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项的双功能融合蛋白分子,其特征在于,所述抗体包含人或鼠抗体IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA、IgM、IgE或IgD任何其中之一恒定区的序列;优选包含人或鼠抗体IgG1、IgG2、IgG3或IgG4的恒定区的序列。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项的双功能融合蛋白分子,其特征在于,所述抗原结合片段选自F(ab)2、Fab’、Fab、Fv、scFv、双特异抗体中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的双功能融合蛋白分子,其特征在于,所述抗体或抗原结合片段具有如下特性:
1)特异性结合PD-L1重组蛋白及表达PD-L1的细胞;
2)阻断PD-L1与PD-1蛋白的结合;
3)抑制PD-1与细胞表面表达的PD-L1的结合;
4)增强T细胞活性;或/和
5)抑制肿瘤生长。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的双功能融合蛋白分子,其特征在于,所述人TGFβRII或其能够结合TGFβ的片段包含SEQ ID NO:8所示的氨基酸序列。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的双功能融合蛋白分子,其特征在于,所述的双功能融合蛋白分子的重链和轻链分别具有SEQ ID NO:5和SEQ ID NO:6所示序列,或者与SEQ IDNO:5和SEQ ID NO:6所示序列相比具有至少80%、85%、90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或更高一致性的序列。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的双功能融合蛋白分子,其特征在于,所述的抗体或抗原结合片段的C端通过氨基酸接头与人TGFβRII或其能够结合TGFβ的片段融合,优选所述氨基酸接头序列如SEQ ID NO:7所示。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的双功能融合蛋白分子,其特征在于,所述的双功能融合蛋白分子与人程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)蛋白、食蟹猴程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)蛋白、重组人TGFβ1蛋白、重组人TGFβ2蛋白和/或重组人TGFβ3蛋白结合的解离常数(KD)小于1.00E-8M、2.00E-8M、3.00E-8M、1.00E-9M、2.00E-09M、3.00E-9M、4.00E-09M、5.00E-09M、6.00E-09M、7.00E-09M、8.00E-09M、9.00E-09M、1.00E-10M、2.00E-10M、3.00E-10M、4.00E-10M、5.00E-10M、6.00E-10M、7.00E-10M、8.00E-10M、9.00E-10M、1.00E-11M、2.00E-11M、3.00E-11M、4.00E-11M、5.00E-11M、6.00E-11M、7.00E-11M、8.00E-11M、9.00E-11M、1.00E-12M、2.00E-12M、3.00E-12M、4.00E-12M、5.00E-12M、6.00E-12M、7.00E-12M、8.00E-12M或9.00E-12M。
11.根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的双功能融合蛋白分子,其特征在于,所述双功能融合蛋白分子具备以下特性:
(1)特异性结合TGFβ1、TGFβ2、TGFβ3蛋白;
(2)阻断人TGFβ蛋白与细胞表面受体的结合;
(3)抑制Treg细胞的分化;
(4)介导人CD8+T细胞的增殖;和/或,
(5)抑制肿瘤生长。
12.一种分离的核酸分子,其特征在于,所述核酸分子编码权利要求1-11任一项所述的双功能融合蛋白分子。
13.包含权利要求12所述分离的核酸分子的表达载体。
14.一种宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞包含权利要12所述的分离的核酸分子、或权利要求13所述的表达载体;优选,所述宿主细胞是真核细胞或原核细胞;更优选,所述宿主细胞来源于哺乳动物细胞、酵母细胞、昆虫细胞、大肠杆菌和/或枯草杆菌;更优选,所述宿主细胞选自中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO)。
15.一种双功能融合蛋白分子的制备方法,其特征在于,培养或在适当的条件下培养权利要求14所述的宿主细胞,并分离所述双功能融合蛋白分子。
16.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物包含权利要求1-11的双功能融合蛋白分子、权利要求12的分离的核酸分子、权利要求13的表达载体、权利要求14的细胞或权利要求15所述方法制备的产品;优选,所述组合物还包含药学上可接受的运载体(carrier)、稀释剂或助剂;优选,所述药物组合物还包含额外的抗肿瘤剂。
17.根据权利要求1-11的双功能融合蛋白分子、权利要求12的分离的核酸分子、权利要求13的表达载体、权利要求14的细胞、权利要求15所述方法制备的产品、或权利要求16所述的药物组合物在制备预防和/或治疗PD-L1表达异常/或T细胞功能异常相关的疾病的药物中的用途,所述疾病优选肿瘤;
更优选,所述肿瘤选自淋巴瘤、白血病、黑色素瘤、神经胶质瘤、乳腺癌、肺癌、骨癌、卵巢癌、膀胱癌、肾癌、肝癌、睾丸癌、唾液腺癌、甲状腺癌、胸腺癌、上皮癌、胰腺癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、恶性血液病、头颈癌、胶质瘤、胃癌、鼻咽癌、喉癌、宫颈癌、子宫体癌和骨肉瘤。
18.一种试剂盒,其包含权利要求1-11的双功能融合蛋白分子、权利要求12的分离的核酸分子、权利要求13的表达载体、权利要求14的细胞,权利要求15所述方法制备的产品、或权利要求16所述的药物组合物;任选地,还包含使用说明。
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