CN114769947A - Microalloying method for improving strong-plasticity matching of titanium alloy welding wire - Google Patents
Microalloying method for improving strong-plasticity matching of titanium alloy welding wire Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/32—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/325—Ti as the principal constituent
Abstract
The invention discloses a microalloying method for improving the strong plasticity matching of a titanium alloy welding wire, which comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing and pressing raw materials into a consumable electrode and carrying out three times of vacuum consumable arc melting; sequentially carrying out cogging forging, two-phase region forging, rolling and hot-gauge circular drawing; thirdly, cold rolling and roller milling stretching processing are carried out to obtain TA17-2B titanium alloy wires; fourthly, carrying out multi-stage vacuum annealing treatment to obtain the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire. According to the invention, according to the element classification and the action of each element in the titanium alloy, the contents of alpha stable elements, interstitial elements and beta stable elements in the alloy components are accurately controlled, so that the strength and plasticity of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire are well matched, and meanwhile, the high-quality TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire with uniform structure, strong plasticity matching and good surface quality is obtained by combining large-deformation forging, rolling and roller milling stretching processes, so that the requirements of welding wire materials for engineering are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy preparation, and particularly relates to a microalloying method for improving the strong plasticity matching of a titanium alloy welding wire.
Background
The titanium alloy has excellent properties of high strength, low density, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, so that the titanium alloy is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, ships, nuclear industry, weapons and the like, and the products are various, such as plates, rods, pipes, wires, rings, foils, forgings, precision formed parts and the like. Titanium and titanium alloy wires are used as an important product of titanium material series, and are greatly developed in terms of yield, specification and application, and at present, more than 80 percent of titanium and titanium alloy wires are used as welding wires, such as welding of various titanium equipment, welding pipes, repair welding of turbine disks and blades of aero-jet engines, welding of casings, nuclear power fields and the like. In recent years, due to the development of material properties, higher requirements are also placed on the properties of titanium alloy welding wires. At present, TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire material is adopted in civil small stacks, and in order to ensure the quality reliability, the same series of titanium alloy is selected as the welding wire, but higher requirements are put forward on the performance of the welding wire, namely the strength R of the material is requiredmAt the same time of not less than 490MPa, its plasticity A50Not less than 20%, and the tissue is uniform and free of defects. For TA17-2B titanium alloys, alloys formulated within their nominal composition range, wires subsequently made by conventional processing methods typically have a phenomenon of incomplete match in strength and plasticity, i.e., lack of strength or substandard plasticity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a microalloying method for improving the strong plasticity matching of a titanium alloy welding wire aiming at the defects of the prior art. According to the method, the contents of alpha stable elements, gap elements and beta stable elements in alloy components are accurately controlled according to element classification and the action of each element in the titanium alloy, so that the strength and plasticity of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire are well matched, and meanwhile, the high-quality TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire with uniform tissue, strong plasticity matching and good surface quality is obtained by combining large-deformation forging, rolling and roller milling stretching processes.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a microalloying method for improving the strong plastic matching of a titanium alloy welding wire is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, adopting 0-grade sponge titanium, Al-V intermediate alloy, aluminum beans and TiO2Mixing and pressing the powder into a consumable electrode, and then carrying out three times of vacuum consumable arc melting on the consumable electrode to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot; the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 1.5 to 2.5 percent of Al, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of O, less than or equal to 0.07 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.002 percent of H, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Si, and the balance of Ti;
step two, sequentially cogging and forging the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot obtained in the step one at the temperature of 100-250 ℃ above the transformation point, and performing two-phase region forging, rolling and hot-gauge circular drawing at the temperature of 20-50 ℃ below the transformation point to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy wire blank;
step three, repairing the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire blank obtained in the step two to remove surface oxide skin, and then performing cold rolling and roller mill drawing processing to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy wire;
step four, performing multi-stage vacuum annealing treatment on the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire material obtained in the step three to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire; the tensile strength Rm of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire is not less than 490MPa, and the elongation percentage A50≥20％。
Aiming at the problem that the strength or plasticity of a titanium alloy wire cannot reach the standard due to the fact that the strong plasticity matching of the titanium alloy cannot be stably controlled by element content in a large range according to the nominal component batching of the TA17-2B titanium alloy in the prior art, the invention improves the strength of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire by controlling the content of an alpha stable element Al element and a gap element O element in a TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot, avoids the further reduction of the plasticity of the welding wire, forms a near alpha alloy by adding a small amount of beta stable element V, exerts a heat treatment strengthening effect, improves the strength of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire by combining with a subsequent heat treatment process, and has little influence on the plasticity of the welding wire. Therefore, the invention adopts a microalloying method, and the contents of the alpha stable element Al, the interstitial element O and the beta stable element in the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot are accurately regulated and controlled, so that the strength and the plasticity of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire are well matched; meanwhile, the invention adopts the cold rolling process after large-deformation forging, rolling and hot-rolling drawing, effectively controls the processing deformation, improves the internal microstructure of the titanium alloy material, avoids the central holes caused by uneven deformation, and improves the size and the surface precision of the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire while ensuring the microstructure by combining the roller-milling drawing processing, thereby improving the quality of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire and meeting the welding requirement.
Elongation A in the invention50Belonging to a non-proportional sample, representing an original gauge length of 50mm and a conventional elongation A5The ratio of the gauge length to the diameter of the representative sample is 5. Due to the generally small diameter of the welding wire, A5The gauge length of the sample is very short, and the elongation A50In the measuring process, the gauge length is longer, the detection condition is more rigorous, and the detection value is A5The values are significantly smaller.
The microalloying method for improving the strong plastic matching of the titanium alloy welding wire is characterized in that in the step one, the 0-grade sponge titanium is small-granularity sponge titanium with the MHT-95 grade or above. According to the invention, the high-grade small-granularity sponge titanium is adopted, so that on one hand, the contents of impurity elements such as Mn, Cr, Fe, Si, Ni and Cr in the raw materials are effectively controlled, the influence on the plasticity of the material caused by overhigh total content of the impurity elements is avoided, and the plasticity of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire is ensured; on the other hand, the adoption of the small-granularity titanium sponge promotes the uniform distribution of other raw materials, avoids the serious tissue segregation caused by the uneven distribution of alloy elements, improves the component uniformity of the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot and further ensures the stable performance of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire.
The microalloying method for improving the strength and plasticity matching of the titanium alloy welding wire is characterized in that in the first step, the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot consists of the following components in percentage by mass: al 1.75-2.2%, V1.45-1.7%, Fe not more than 0.2%, O0.04-0.07%, C not more than 0.07%, N not more than 0.04%, H not more than 0.002%, Si not more than 0.1%, and Ti in balance. According to the invention, the mass percentage of the alpha stabilizing element Al is controlled to be 1.75-2.2%, so that the strength of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire is improved, and the influence of excessive Al on the plasticity of the welding wire is avoided; the mass percentage of the beta stabilizing element V is controlled to be 1.45-1.7%, so that the strength of the welding wire is improved through subsequent heat treatment, the heat treatment strengthening effect is achieved, meanwhile, the mass percentage of the V is controlled to fluctuate in a small range, and the influence on the plasticity of the welding wire is reduced; the mass percentage of the element O in the gap is controlled to be 0.04-0.07%, and the comprehensive performance of the welding wire is improved by cooperating the interaction of all elements, so that the strong plasticity of the welding wire can be well matched.
The microalloying method for improving the strength and plasticity matching of the titanium alloy welding wire is characterized in that in the third step, atmosphere protection annealing is performed when the processing rate of the cold rolling and roller milling stretching processing exceeds 75%, and the atmosphere protection annealing system is as follows: keeping the temperature at 700-740 ℃ for 0.5-1 h. The invention eliminates work hardening through atmosphere protection annealing, and ensures the quality of the surface of the welding wire.
The microalloying method for improving the strong and plastic matching of the titanium alloy welding wire is characterized in that the system of the multistage vacuum annealing treatment in the fourth step is as follows: the temperature is firstly preserved for 1h at 630 ℃, then preserved for 3h at 670 ℃ and preserved for 1h at 710 ℃. By adopting the multi-stage vacuum annealing treatment system, on one hand, hydrogen possibly introduced in the processing process is removed, the percentage content of impurity hydrogen is reduced, and the plasticity of the welding wire is ensured; on the other hand, the deformed grains are recrystallized by annealing, so that the grains are refined, and the strength and the plasticity of the welding wire are further improved.
The microalloying method for improving the strength-plasticity matching of the titanium alloy welding wire is characterized in that the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire in the fourth step is in a diameter phi 1.6 mm-phi 3.0 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts a micro-alloying method, improves the strength of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire and reduces the influence on the plasticity thereof by accurately controlling the contents of alpha stable elements, interstitial elements and beta stable elements in the alloy components, and ensures that the strength and the plasticity of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire reach good matching by combining the subsequent heat treatment process, thereby meeting the requirements of welding wire materials for engineering.
2. The tensile strength Rm of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire prepared by the invention is more than or equal to 490MPa, and the elongation percentage A50Not less than 20 percent, and simultaneously has excellent strength and plasticity.
3. The invention adopts the process of cold rolling and roller milling stretch processing, effectively controls the processing deformation, improves the internal microstructure uniformity of the titanium alloy material, and improves the size and surface precision of the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire material, thereby improving the quality of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire and further meeting the welding requirement.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by examples below.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, adopting MHT-90 grade small-granularity sponge titanium, Al-V intermediate alloy, aluminum beans and TiO2Powder is subjected to alloy batching according to nominal components Ti-1.8Al-2.05V-0.07O, then is mixed and pressed into a consumable electrode, and then the consumable electrode is subjected to three times of vacuum consumable arc melting to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot; the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 1.5% of Al, 2.0% of V, 0.021% of Fe, 0.062% of O, 0.016% of C, 0.006% of N, 0.0011% of H, 0.04% of Si and the balance of Ti;
step two, sequentially cogging and forging the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot obtained in the step one at the temperature of above a phase transformation point and 250 ℃, forging at the temperature of above the phase transformation point and 100 ℃, then forging a two-phase region below the phase transformation point and at the temperature of 20 ℃ to obtain a forged blank, then rolling at the temperature of below the phase transformation point and at the temperature of 50 ℃, and carrying out hot-rolling round drawing at the temperature of 850 ℃ to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy wire blank;
step three, repairing the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire blank obtained in the step two to remove surface oxide skin, then performing cold rolling and roller mill drawing processing, and cleaning the surface to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy wire; when the processing rate of the cold rolling and roller milling stretching processing exceeds 75 percent, atmosphere protection annealing is carried out, and the atmosphere protection annealing system is as follows: keeping the temperature at 740 ℃ for 40 min;
step four, carrying out multistage vacuum annealing treatment on the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire obtained in the step three, wherein the multistage vacuum annealing treatment system comprises the following steps: firstly, preserving heat for 1h at 630 ℃, then preserving heat for 3h at 670 ℃, and then preserving heat for 1h at 710 ℃ to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire with the diameter phi of 1.6 mm; the tensile strength Rm of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire is 519MPa, and the elongation percentage A is50＝23.0％。
Example 2
The method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, adopting MHT-90 grade small-granularity sponge titanium, Al-V intermediate alloy, aluminum beans and TiO2Powder is subjected to alloy proportioning according to nominal components Ti-1.8Al-1.2V-0.05O, then is mixed and pressed into a consumable electrode, and then the consumable electrode is subjected to three times of vacuum consumable arc melting to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot; the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 1.75 percent of Al, 1.0 percent of V, 0.012 percent of Fe, 0.049 percent of O, 0.012 percent of C, 0.005 percent of N, 0.0007 percent of H, 0.03 percent of Si and the balance of Ti;
step two, sequentially cogging and forging the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot obtained in the step one at the temperature of more than a transformation point and 180 ℃, forging at the temperature of more than the transformation point and 80 ℃, then forging a two-phase region at the temperature of 30 ℃ below the transformation point to obtain a forged blank, then rolling at the temperature of 40 ℃ below the transformation point, and performing hot-gauge circular drawing at the temperature of 850 ℃ to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy wire blank;
step three, repairing the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire blank obtained in the step two to remove surface oxide skin, then performing cold rolling and roller mill drawing processing, and cleaning the surface to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy wire; when the processing rate of the cold rolling and roller milling stretching processing exceeds 75 percent, atmosphere protection annealing is carried out, and the atmosphere protection annealing system is as follows: keeping the temperature at 720 ℃ for 60 min;
step fourAnd carrying out multistage vacuum annealing treatment on the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire obtained in the third step, wherein the system of the multistage vacuum annealing treatment is as follows: firstly preserving heat for 1h at 630 ℃, then preserving heat for 3h at 670 ℃, and then preserving heat for 1h at 710 ℃ to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire with the diameter phi of 3.0 mm; the tensile strength Rm of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire is 521MPa, and the elongation percentage A is50＝22.0％。
Example 3
The method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, adopting MHT-95 grade small-particle-size sponge titanium, Al-V intermediate alloy, aluminum beans and TiO2Powder is subjected to alloy batching according to nominal components Ti-2.5Al-1.72V-0.05O, then the powder is mixed and pressed into a consumable electrode, and then the consumable electrode is subjected to three times of vacuum consumable arc melting to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot; the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 2.2% of Al, 1.7% of V, 0.021% of Fe, 0.04% of O, 0.008% of C, 0.003% of N, 0.0011% of H, 0.01% of Si and the balance of Ti;
step two, sequentially cogging and forging the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot obtained in the step one at the temperature of above a phase transformation point and 250 ℃, forging at the temperature of above the phase transformation point and 100 ℃, then forging a two-phase region below the phase transformation point and at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain a forged blank, then rolling at the temperature of below the phase transformation point and at the temperature of below 50 ℃, and carrying out hot-rolling round drawing at the temperature of 850 ℃ to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy wire blank;
step three, repairing the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire blank obtained in the step two to remove surface oxide skin, then performing cold rolling and roller mill drawing processing, and cleaning the surface to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy wire; when the processing rate of the cold rolling and roller milling stretching processing exceeds 75 percent, atmosphere protection annealing is carried out, and the atmosphere protection annealing system is as follows: preserving the heat at 730 ℃ for 30 min;
step four, carrying out multistage vacuum annealing treatment on the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire obtained in the step three, wherein the multistage vacuum annealing treatment system comprises the following steps: firstly, preserving heat for 1h at 630 ℃, then preserving heat for 3h at 670 ℃, and then preserving heat for 1h at 710 ℃ to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire with the diameter phi of 1.6 mm; the tensile strength Rm of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire is 508MPa, and the elongation isRate A50＝21.0％。
Example 4
The method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, adopting MHT-95 level small-granularity sponge titanium, Al-V intermediate alloy, aluminum beans and TiO2Mixing and pressing the powder after alloy batching according to nominal components Ti-2.7Al-1.47V-0.085O into a consumable electrode, and then carrying out three times of vacuum consumable arc melting on the consumable electrode to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot; the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 2.5% of Al, 1.45% of V, 0.021% of Fe, 0.07% of O, 0.016% of C, 0.006% of N, 0.0011% of H, 0.04% of Si and the balance of Ti;
step two, sequentially cogging and forging the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot obtained in the step one at the temperature of more than 250 ℃ of a transformation point, forging at the temperature of more than 100 ℃ of the transformation point, then forging a two-phase region at the temperature of 30 ℃ below the transformation point to obtain a forged blank, then rolling at the temperature of 50 ℃ below the transformation point, and performing hot-gauge circular drawing at the temperature of 850 ℃ to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy wire blank;
step three, repairing the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire blank obtained in the step two to remove surface oxide skin, then performing cold rolling and roller mill drawing processing, and cleaning the surface to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy wire; when the processing rate of the cold rolling and roller milling stretching processing exceeds 75 percent, atmosphere protection annealing is carried out, and the atmosphere protection annealing system is as follows: keeping the temperature at 700 ℃ for 30 min;
step four, carrying out multistage vacuum annealing treatment on the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire obtained in the step three, wherein the multistage vacuum annealing treatment system comprises the following steps: firstly, preserving heat for 1h at 630 ℃, then preserving heat for 3h at 670 ℃, and then preserving heat for 1h at 710 ℃ to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire with the diameter phi of 1.6 mm; the tensile strength Rm of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire is 504MPa, and the elongation percentage A is50＝22.0％。
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, alterations and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A microalloying method for improving the strong plasticity matching of a titanium alloy welding wire is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, adopting 0-grade sponge titanium, Al-V intermediate alloy, aluminum bean and TiO2Mixing and pressing the powder into a consumable electrode, and then carrying out three times of vacuum consumable arc melting on the consumable electrode to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot; the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 1.5 to 2.5 percent of Al, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of O, less than or equal to 0.07 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.002 percent of H, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Si, and the balance of Ti;
step two, sequentially cogging and forging the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot obtained in the step one at the temperature of 100-250 ℃ above the transformation point, and performing two-phase region forging, rolling and hot-gauge circular drawing at the temperature of 20-50 ℃ below the transformation point to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy wire blank;
step three, repairing the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire blank obtained in the step two to remove surface oxide skin, and then performing cold rolling and roller mill drawing processing to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy wire;
step four, carrying out multi-stage vacuum annealing treatment on the TA17-2B titanium alloy wire obtained in the step three to obtain a TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire; the tensile strength Rm of the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire is not less than 490MPa, and the elongation percentage A50≥20％。
2. The microalloying method for improving the strength and plasticity matched of the titanium alloy welding wire according to claim 1, wherein the grade 0 titanium sponge in the first step is small-grain titanium sponge of MHT-95 and above.
3. The microalloying method for improving the strength and plasticity matching of the titanium alloy welding wire according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the TA17-2B titanium alloy ingot consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 1.75 to 2.2 percent of Al, 1.45 to 1.7 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Fe, 0.04 to 0.07 percent of O, less than or equal to 0.07 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.002 percent of H, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Si, and the balance of Ti.
4. The microalloying method for improving the strength and plasticity matching of the titanium alloy welding wire according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, when the cold rolling and roll milling stretch processing has a processing rate of more than 75%, atmosphere protection annealing is performed, and the atmosphere protection annealing schedule is as follows: keeping the temperature at 700-740 ℃ for 0.5-1 h.
5. The microalloying method for improving the strong and plastic matching of the titanium alloy welding wire according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage vacuum annealing treatment schedule in the fourth step is as follows: the temperature is firstly preserved for 1h at 630 ℃, then preserved for 3h at 670 ℃ and preserved for 1h at 710 ℃.
6. The microalloying method for improving the strong plastic matching of the titanium alloy welding wire according to claim 1, wherein the TA17-2B titanium alloy welding wire in the fourth step has a diameter of 1.6mm to 3.0 mm.
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