CN114767716A - 一种开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于生物技术技术领域,公开了一种开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物及其制备方法和应用。该方法包括以下操作步骤:将全脂乳粉用无菌水配制还原乳溶液,水浴灭菌,自然降温后,在无菌操作下,将开菲尔粒加入灭菌还原乳中,在密封条件下15℃‑30℃恒温发酵7天‑45天,离心后过滤得到开菲尔乳清初提取液,减压蒸发浓缩得到开菲尔乳清工作液,将茶多酚加入开菲尔乳清工作液中,配制成茶多酚质量百分浓度0.05%‑0.5%的溶液,分装,水浴杀菌得到开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物。该组合物有非常好的治疗炎症性肠病的效果,而且开菲尔乳清和茶多酚均是源于可食用原料,产品可食用,安全性高,生产工艺简单,成本较低。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物工程技术领域,特别涉及一种开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
炎症性肠病(Inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是一种复杂的胃肠道疾病,主要有溃疡性结肠炎(Ulcerative Colitis,UC)以及克罗恩病(Crohn’s disease,CD)两种,以慢性、复发性和致病性炎症为主要特征。有流行病学研究表明IBD的发病率和流行率正在全球范围内加速。UC的临床表现为持续反复的腹泻发作,最常见的症状是黏液脓血便并伴随腹痛。CD的临床表现呈多样化,最常见的症状是腹泻、腹痛以及时有便血,伴随体重减轻、发热、食欲不振、疲劳、贫血等,青少年患者会生长发育迟缓。
目前,炎症性肠病的治疗方案主要是西药、中药和微生态制剂三类。
第一类是西药,按照作用机理的不同,西药分为5种类型,1)氨基水杨酸类药物,具有较好的疗效和低廉的价格,但其不良反应较多,如恶心、头痛等,且由于长期使用产生的耐药性,会出现剂量依赖。2)糖皮质激素类药物,具有很强的抗炎和抑制免疫等作用,可以用于炎症性肠病的治疗,但其副作用很多,易造成如骨质疏松症、高血糖、胰岛素抵抗、脂肪沉积紊乱、高血压、肌肉萎缩等许多疾病。3)免疫抑制剂类药物,通常在患者不能使用上述两类药物时使用,对于UC的活动期及诱导缓解有效果,同时对于防止重症的UC患者需要切除结肠具有一定的临床意义。但这些药物的免疫抑制效果一般,只能在临床上作为辅助治疗使用,且副作用极大,包括骨髓抑制(粒细胞减少),对肝、肾毒性较大。4)生物学制剂类药物,能直接作用于肿瘤坏死因子α、细胞黏附分子等靶点,能够救治传统治疗已经无效的重症UC患者,但价格非常高,且副作用也有很多,如血液中各种重要细胞的减少。5)抗感染类药物,对于重症UC患者和由细菌感染引起UC的患者,常使用抗生素其能使UC患者的瘘管更快愈合以及预防复发,但长期使用会出现耐药性和副作用的弊端。第二类是中药,中医博大精深,通过辩证论治,除了口服用药内治之外,还配合灌肠、敷贴等外治治疗,对炎症性肠病具有较好的治疗效果,但是中医存在辩证辨病的不一致,辩证与临床治疗脱节等不足,治疗效果因人而异。第三类是微生态制剂,使用益生菌来改善UC患者的肠道菌群失衡。研究表明,益生菌能够分泌某些抑菌物质,或者通过竞争性抑制使其他细菌转位、粘附来进行调控,减少肠黏膜受体与部分毒素的结合,还能够借助本身的特殊代谢方式来弥补宿主消化酶的缺少,促进肠道更好地吸收各类营养物质,从而维护肠道微生物环境平衡。益生菌制剂虽然可以通过调节肠道菌群改善和缓解UC症状,但是效果不稳定,只是对部分患者有效,且产品是活菌制剂,在存贮期间活菌数逐渐降低,使用效果越来越差。
开菲尔是具有抗菌和抗炎特性的天然益生菌化合物,开菲尔发酵乳的抗菌活性与多种机制相关,发酵过程中产生乳酸等有机酸,降低环境pH值、产生过氧化氢等物质氧化致病细胞结构、产生细菌素和活性多肽等物质杀死或抑制致病菌。
茶多酚药理作用广泛,能够抗氧化、抑菌抗病毒、抗肿瘤等。有多个研究表明具有降低炎症反应的效果。
基于此,本发明将开菲尔乳清与茶多酚进行科学配伍,提供一种可有效治疗炎症性肠病,且生产过程可控,产品容易标准化生产的组合物及其生产方法。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中存在的缺点和不足,本发明的首要目的在于提供一种开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种上述开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物的制备方法。
本发明的再一目的在于提供一种上述开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物的应用。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现:
一种开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物的制备方法,包括以下操作步骤:将全脂乳粉用无菌水配制质量百分浓度7%-12%的还原乳溶液,60℃-80℃水浴灭菌20min-30min,自然降温后,在无菌操作下,将开菲尔粒按照质量百分浓度5%-15%加入灭菌还原乳溶液中,在密封条件下15℃-30℃恒温发酵7天-45天,以链霉素硫酸盐为对照,当发酵上清液效价超过1700IU/ml时结束发酵,取发酵液5000rpm离心10min,然后将上清液过0.22μm滤膜后得到乳清初提取液,下一步将乳清初提取液使用旋转蒸发仪在50℃-80℃条件下减压蒸发浓缩,蒸发掉50%-80%水分后,得到开菲尔乳清工作液,将茶多酚加入开菲尔乳清工作液中,搅拌混合均匀,配制成茶多酚质量百分浓度0.05%-0.5%的溶液,将所得溶液分装至玻璃瓶,采用80℃水浴杀菌15min,即得到开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物。
一种由上述的制备方法制备得到的开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物。
上述的开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物在制备治疗炎症性肠病药物中的应用。
优选地,所述炎症性肠病为急性结肠炎。
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点及有益效果:
(1)本发明提供的开菲尔乳清联合茶多酚组合物可有效改善小鼠结肠炎症状。
(2)本发明生产一种开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物,生产工艺简单,成本较低。
(3)本发明使用的开菲尔乳清是来自传统开菲尔乳的提取物,茶多酚从茶叶中提取获得,均是源于可食用原料,生产过程无需添加其它助剂,产品可食用,安全性高。
(4)本发明组合物使用开菲尔乳清联合茶多酚能够有效地改善肠道菌群失衡,显著恢复结肠炎小鼠的菌群多样性和丰富度,显著降低DSS诱导急性结肠炎模型小鼠的炎症反应。使用茶多酚与乳清协同治疗效果显著,而单独使用开菲尔乳清或者单独使用茶多酚的效果不明显。
附图说明
图1为开菲尔乳清和茶多酚对结肠炎小鼠的肠道菌群治疗效果图,其中a为门水平物种丰度累积柱状图,b为厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门(F/B值);c为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)四大菌门的差异性分析(p<0.05,n=12)。
图2为不同处理治疗结肠炎小鼠对粪便中脂质运载蛋白-2(LCN2)细胞因子含量的影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1:开菲尔乳清的制备
将全脂乳粉用无菌水配制质量百分浓度7%的还原乳溶液,在80℃水浴灭菌20min,自然降温后,在无菌操作下,将开菲尔粒按照质量百分浓度5%加入灭菌还原乳溶液中,在密封条件下20、25、30、37℃恒温发酵7、20、30、45天,以链霉素硫酸盐为对照,当发酵上清液效价超过1700IU/ml时结束发酵,取发酵液5000rpm离心10min,然后将上清液过0.22μm滤膜后得到乳清初提取液,下一步将乳清初提取液使用旋转蒸发仪在50、60、70、80℃条件下减压蒸发浓缩,蒸发掉50%、60%、70%、80%的水分后,得到开菲尔乳清提取液,供以下实施例2-3使用。
实施例2:开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物的制备
取实施例1中30℃恒温发酵45天,离心过滤得到乳清初提取液,将乳清初提取液使用旋转蒸发仪在60℃条件下减压蒸发浓缩,蒸发掉50%水分后,得到开菲尔乳清工作液,将茶多酚加入开菲尔乳清工作液中,搅拌混合均匀,配制成茶多酚质量百分浓度0.05%-0.5%的溶液,将所得溶液分装至玻璃瓶,采用80℃水浴杀菌15min,即得到开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物。
实施例3:取实施例2中茶多酚质量百分浓度为0.1%的开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物溶液,组合物对结肠炎小鼠肠道菌群和炎症反应的影响。
实验动物的准备:
选取72只SPF级的C57BL/6雄性小鼠(4-5周龄),全部购自广东省医学动物实验中心,许可证号为SCXK(粤)2018-0002,初始体重20g左右,在SPF级实验动物房间饲养,昼夜循环各12小时,保持环境中恒温恒湿,动物饲养使用标准鼠饲料和水。
小鼠结肠炎模型的建立:
72只SPF C57BL/6小鼠,适应性喂养1周。随机分为6组(n=12只/
组)。空白对照组(Con)小鼠不进行特殊处理,使用正常饲料和正常饮用水饲养;其他各组均自由饮用3%(w/v)葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)饮用水,使用相同的正常饲料喂养。
给药方式:
急性结肠炎小鼠模型建立成功后,共72只SPF C57BL/6雄性小鼠,原空白对照组(Con)的12只小鼠不进行特殊处理,继续使用正常饲料和正常饮用水饲养;剩余建模成功的小鼠随机分为5组(n=12只/组),分别为模型组MO,乳清干预组(高剂量组HD开菲尔乳清100μL,低剂量组LD开菲尔乳清20μL+80μL蒸馏水),茶多酚组TP(0.1%茶多酚80μL+20μL蒸馏水)和协同组SE采用实施例2中开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物(茶多酚质量百分浓度为0.1%的开菲尔乳清100μL),使用相同的正常饲料喂养。空白组和模型组每天灌胃等体积的蒸馏水。每天选择上午灌胃,共灌胃21天。
应用结果:
1、不同处理组别肠道菌群的变化:
治疗结束后采集小鼠粪便,每只小鼠取3-5粒粪便,用干冰保存,送到基因测序公司进行肠道菌群的分析。
对各处理组的小鼠肠道菌群在门水平上进行物种分析,如图1中的a所示,DSS诱导的急性结肠炎模型小鼠肠道菌群组成和结构发生明显变化,经开菲尔乳清治疗后,菌群结构均向健康空白组恢复。结果显示,与CO组相比,MO组小鼠肠道菌群中的厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)丰度从53.5±3.51%下降到46.4±3.11%(p<0.05),而拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)丰度从35.2±3.59%升高到41.5±2.76%(p<0.05),厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门的比值(F/B值)从2.1±0.39显著下降到1.3±0.21(p<0.05),这符合前人研究中发现F/B值的改变与炎症疾病的发生发展息息相关。使用乳清灌胃治疗后,与MO组相比,单独使用乳清的LD组和HD组小鼠的厚壁菌门丰度均有上升,拟杆菌门丰度有所回落,LD组的变形菌门丰度显著上升(p<0.05)。
值得注意的是,SE组小鼠的厚壁菌门丰度显著上升(p<0.05),而拟杆菌门丰度极显著下降(p<0.001),F/B值也显著上升(p<0.05),表明使用茶多酚与乳清协同治疗会对DSS诱导急性结肠炎小鼠发生的肠道菌群失衡比单独使用乳清有更好的调节作用,能够更好地修复肠道菌群的紊乱,从而抑制肠道炎症反应的继续加重。
2、各组小鼠粪便中细胞因子脂质运载蛋白-2(LCN2)的含量:
肠道炎症的发生涉及多种细胞因子,研究显示,小鼠粪便中的LCN2能够非常灵敏地反映小鼠肠道炎症反应的严重程度,可以通过粪便中的LCN2含量实时地监控小鼠结肠炎的发展。本发明检测了灌胃21d后小鼠粪便中(LCN2)的含量,以此来评估开菲尔乳清对急性结肠炎小鼠体内炎症因子的调控作用。
采用酶联免疫吸附法测定小鼠粪便中脂质运载蛋白-2(LCN2)的含量。具体操作如下:治疗结束后,小鼠粪便加生理盐水制成匀浆,离心取上清,将上清液稀释成待测液。按照试剂盒说明书进行操作,最后加入50μL终止液,立即在540nm和450nm波长处测定吸光值,计算炎症因子含量。
应用结果表明(图2),MO组小鼠粪便中LCN2浓度2321±291.6ng/g极显著地高于CO小鼠的1246±179.6ng/g(p<0.001),与MO组的相比,LD和HD的LCN2浓度分别为1985±420.2ng/g和2093±190.5ng/g,均有所下降,而TP组的LCN2浓度为1839±286.2ng/g有显著下降(p<0.05),SE组的LCN2浓度为1619±255.0ng/g有极显著下降(p<0.001)。
综上,开菲尔乳清与茶多酚协同治疗在整体上能够更好地通过促进有益菌生长、抑制有害菌异常代谢来调节菌群,恢复因DSS而造成的肠道微生态失衡、改善肠道菌群功能。茶多酚与乳清协同使用的SE组的LCN2浓度下降最显著,相对于单独使用开菲尔乳清和茶多酚,效果最好。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下操作步骤:将全脂乳粉用无菌水配制质量百分浓度7%-12%的还原乳溶液,60℃-80℃水浴灭菌20min-30min,自然降温后,在无菌操作下,将开菲尔粒按照质量百分浓度5%-15%加入灭菌还原乳溶液中,在密封条件下15℃-30℃恒温发酵7天-45天,以链霉素硫酸盐为对照,当发酵上清液效价超过1700IU/ml时结束发酵,取发酵液5000rpm离心10min,然后将上清液过0.22μm滤膜后得到乳清初提取液,下一步将乳清初提取液使用旋转蒸发仪在50℃-80℃条件下减压蒸发浓缩,蒸发掉50%-80%水分后,得到开菲尔乳清工作液,将茶多酚加入开菲尔乳清工作液中,搅拌混合均匀,配制成茶多酚质量百分浓度0.05%-0.5%的溶液,将所得溶液分装至玻璃瓶,采用80℃水浴杀菌15min,即得到开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物。
2.一种由权利要求1所述的制备方法制备得到的开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的开菲尔乳清和茶多酚组合物在制备治疗炎症性肠病药物中的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于:所述炎症性肠病为急性结肠炎。
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