CN114752806A - Composite wear-resistant part and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite wear-resistant part and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114752806A CN114752806A CN202210510703.3A CN202210510703A CN114752806A CN 114752806 A CN114752806 A CN 114752806A CN 202210510703 A CN202210510703 A CN 202210510703A CN 114752806 A CN114752806 A CN 114752806A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 199
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 174
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a composite wear-resistant part and a preparation method thereof, and the composite wear-resistant part comprises a metal matrix and ceramic particles uniformly dispersed in the metal matrix, wherein the ceramic particles are secondary ceramic particles obtained by uniformly mixing, prepressing, forming and sintering ceramic powder and primary ceramic particles to obtain a semi-finished product and then crushing the semi-finished product. According to the invention, the ceramic powder and the ceramic particles are matched to prepare the secondary ceramic particles with irregular surfaces and density approaching to that of the molten metal, so that the secondary ceramic particles can be uniformly dispersed in the molten metal to avoid floating or sinking, the surface elements of the secondary ceramic particles react with the metal elements in the molten metal to completely infiltrate the surfaces of the secondary ceramic particles and the molten metal, the metal elements penetrate into the particles through the interface, and partial elements on the surfaces of the particles diffuse into the molten metal beyond the interface, so that the metal matrix and the secondary ceramic particles are inlaid with each other, and the purpose of firmly combining the metal matrix and the secondary ceramic particles is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal ceramic composite materials, in particular to a composite wear-resistant part and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The metal-ceramic composite wear-resistant material is prepared by embedding ceramic particles into a metal matrix through various process means, and the wear-resistant part prepared from the composite material utilizes the toughness of metal and the characteristics of high temperature resistance, wear resistance, high hardness and the like of the ceramic particles. When the wear-resistant part works, the metal is used for fixing the ceramic particles and preventing the ceramic particles from falling off, and the ceramic particles are used for bearing friction force, so that the service life of the wear-resistant part is greatly prolonged.
The existing process means mainly comprise: firstly, producing metal ceramic particles by ceramic particles and molten metal, and then adding the metal ceramic particles into the molten metal to prepare a wear-resistant part; the ceramic and metal interface of the method is well combined and easy to infiltrate, but the ceramic particles float or sink after casting, cannot be uniformly distributed in the wear-resistant part, and only a thin wear-resistant layer can be obtained on the upper surface or the lower surface of the wear-resistant part; secondly, preparing ceramic prefabricated bodies in various shapes, fixing the ceramic prefabricated bodies on the inner surface of a casting mold before casting, injecting molten metal into gaps in the prefabricated bodies by adopting a casting infiltration method or negative pressure casting, and cooling to obtain wear-resistant parts; the method can disperse the ceramics in the whole wear-resistant part, but if the ceramic particles are too small, the metal liquid is difficult to fill the gaps of all the ceramic prefabricated bodies, the bonding capacity of the metal and ceramic interfaces is poor, and the ceramic particles are easy to fall off when in use; if the ceramic preform is made to be larger or very large, the whole ceramic preform falls off in the using process, and the ceramic preform cannot play a role in resisting abrasion. Thirdly, adding ceramic particles into the metal powder, pressurizing and prefabricating a blank, and sintering in vacuum or atmosphere to obtain a wear-resistant part; the size of the ceramic particles can be adjusted at will, the interface bonding between the ceramic and the metal is good, but the thick and large parts are inconvenient to prepare due to the sintering, and the sintering temperature cannot be higher than the melting point of the metal, so that the metal matrix has poor strength and poor wear-resisting effect.
In view of this, the present application is specifically proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention is to provide a composite wear-resistant member and a method for manufacturing the same, which can effectively solve the problems of the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a composite wear-resistant part comprises a metal matrix and ceramic particles uniformly dispersed in the metal matrix, wherein the ceramic particles are secondary ceramic particles formed by uniformly mixing, prepressing, molding and sintering ceramic powder and primary ceramic particles to obtain a semi-finished product and then crushing the semi-finished product.
The density of the secondary ceramic particles approaches the density of the metal matrix, and the mixing ratio of the ceramic powder and the primary ceramic particles is adjusted according to the density of the metal matrix.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the ceramic powder to the primary ceramic particles is 45-70% of the ceramic powder and 30-55% of the primary ceramic particles.
The secondary ceramic particles are particles with irregular surfaces and particle sizes of 4-10 mm.
The proportion of the secondary ceramic particles to the metal matrix by weight is as follows: 35-60% of secondary ceramic particles and 40-65% of metal matrix.
The metal matrix comprises 17-21% of Cr, 50-55% of Ni, 5-8% of Mo and 15-25% of Fe.
The ceramic powder comprises one or more of boron carbide and boron nitride with the granularity of less than 300 meshes.
The primary ceramic particles comprise tungsten carbide with the particle size of 0.5-3 mm.
A preparation method of the composite wear-resistant part comprises the following specific use steps:
s1: fully and uniformly mixing the ceramic powder and the primary ceramic particles;
s2: pre-pressing and molding the mixture prepared in the step S1;
s3: sintering the mixture preformed in the step S2 under the atmosphere protection or vacuum condition to obtain a semi-finished product;
s4: crushing the semi-finished product obtained in the step S3 into secondary ceramic particles;
s5: adding the secondary ceramic particles obtained in the step S4 into a metal matrix, uniformly dispersing, casting into a casting mold, and naturally cooling;
s6: and (5) carrying out heat treatment on the part naturally cooled in the step 5 to obtain the wear-resistant part.
The sintering is high-temperature hot-pressing sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1850-2000 ℃, and the pressure is 20-30 Mpa.
The casting temperature of the step 5 is 1450-1550 ℃.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) according to the invention, the ceramic powder and the primary ceramic particles are mixed and pressed to obtain the secondary ceramic particles after sintering, and the primary ceramic particles are connected and fixed through the ceramic powder, so that the toughness and compressive strength of the secondary ceramic particles are enhanced, and the secondary ceramic particles are not easy to crack; the primary ceramic particles are embedded in the secondary ceramic particles, the temperature rising curve of the primary ceramic particles is slower than that of the matrix, and the tendency of cracks of the primary ceramic particles in the primary ceramic particles is reduced; the composite material is not easy to damage in the process of pressurizing after the metal melt is poured, so that the wear-resistant effect is ensured.
2) The mixing proportion of the ceramic powder and the primary ceramic particles is adjusted according to different types of the ceramic powder and the primary ceramic particles, so that the density of the secondary ceramic particles is equal to that of the molten metal, the secondary ceramic particles cannot float up or sink to the surface of a casting mold in the casting process, the secondary ceramic particles can be uniformly dispersed in the molten metal, a wear-resistant part with uniformly dispersed metal-ceramic can be obtained after the molten metal is solidified, the density difference is reduced, the binding capacity of the secondary ceramic particles and the molten metal can be improved, the structure of the wear-resistant part is firmer in the high-temperature hot-pressing compounding process, and the mechanical property of the wear-resistant composite material is improved.
3) The method comprises the steps of reacting boron on the surface of secondary ceramic particles with molybdenum and iron in molten metal to form a multi-component compound, completely infiltrating the surface of the secondary ceramic particles with the molten metal, and infiltrating part of the molybdenum and iron in the molten metal into the particles by penetrating through the interfaces of the particles and the molten metal; meanwhile, part of boron elements on the surfaces of the particles diffuse into the molten metal through the interface, the interface becomes fuzzy and unclear due to mutual diffusion reaction of the secondary ceramic particles and the metal elements, and a solid-phase and liquid-phase bonding layer is formed at the original interface, so that the metal matrix and the secondary ceramic particles are embedded with each other after the molten metal is solidified, and the purpose of firmly bonding the metal matrix and the secondary ceramic particles is achieved. Compared with the simple physical combination and the surface modification of the ceramic particles, the ceramic particles are more compact and firmer, and the ceramic particles are more closely and firmly connected with the metal matrix in the working process of the wear-resistant part.
4) The method utilizes the irregular treatment of the surface of the secondary ceramic particles to roughen the surface of the secondary ceramic particles so as to improve the adhesion rate or contact points of a surface binding phase of the secondary ceramic particles and further enhance the interface bonding strength of the ceramic particles and molten metal; and the secondary ceramic particles with the particle size of 4-10 mm can ensure that the composite material has better wear resistance.
5) The preparation method provided by the invention has simple process, the wear-resistant part is subjected to heat treatment after secondary ceramic particle casting metal liquid casting cooling, sintering treatment is not needed, so that casting defects are not easy to form in the wear-resistant part, the ceramic particles are firmly embedded, and wear-resistant parts in various shapes can be produced at will without limitation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the distribution of secondary ceramic particles in a composite wear part.
In the figure, 1-secondary ceramic particles, 2-metal matrix.
Detailed Description
To facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the structure of the present invention will now be described in further detail by way of examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
the first embodiment is as follows:
a preparation method of the composite wear-resistant part comprises the following specific use steps:
s1: adjusting the types, the adding proportion and the sintering temperature and pressure of the mixed production of the ceramic powder and the primary ceramic particles according to the density of the molten metal: selecting the density of the molten metal to be 8.3g/cm 3Selecting boron carbide with the theoretical density of 2.52 and the granularity of less than 300 meshes as ceramic powder, and selecting tungsten carbide with the theoretical density of 15.77 and the particle size of 0.5-3 mm as primary ceramic particles; the larger the proportion of the ceramic powder is, the smaller the density of the secondary ceramic particles is, and the larger the proportion of the ceramic particles is, the larger the density of the secondary ceramic particles is; 43% tungsten carbide and 57% carbonThe proportion of boron oxide is uniformly mixed, and corresponding sintering aids are added in the mixing, wherein the sintering aids comprise 2 percent of activated carbon and 2 percent of alumina powder based on the total weight of the ceramic powder and the primary ceramic particles;
s2: pre-pressing and molding the mixture prepared in the step S1;
s3: sintering the preformed mixture in the step S2 under the condition of atmosphere protection or vacuum to obtain a semi-finished product; wherein the sintering is high-temperature hot-pressing sintering, the sintering temperature is 1900 ℃, and the pressure is 25 Mpa; the sintering temperature and pressure have an influence on the density of the secondary ceramic particles, and the density of the secondary ceramic particles can be reduced when the temperature is too high or too low; the higher the pressure, the higher the density of the secondary ceramic particles, but too high a pressure, the equipment conditions are not reached.
S4: crushing the semi-finished product obtained in the step S3 into secondary ceramic particles with irregular surfaces and 4-10 mm of particle size, wherein the theoretical volume density of the obtained secondary ceramic particles is about 8.2g/cm 3(ii) a In the actual preparation process, the porosity of the ceramic particles is also considered, the proportion of the ceramic particles to the ceramic powder is slightly different, but the adjustment of the density of the secondary ceramic particles to be close to the density of the molten metal cannot be influenced, and the density of the secondary ceramic particles tends to be 0.9-1.1 times of the density of the molten metal;
s5: adding the secondary ceramic particles obtained in the step S4 into a metal matrix according to the adding proportion of 35 percent of the secondary ceramic particles and 65 percent of the metal matrix, uniformly dispersing, casting the mixture into a casting mold at the temperature of 1500 ℃, and naturally cooling, wherein the metal matrix comprises 21 percent of Cr, 50 percent of Ni, 5 percent of Mo and 24 percent of Fe;
s6: carrying out heat treatment on the part naturally cooled in the step 5 to obtain a wear-resistant part; the density of the prepared secondary ceramic particles is adjusted by the proportion of the ceramic powder and the ceramic particles, so that the density of the prepared secondary ceramic particles is close to that of the metal liquid, the secondary ceramic particles cannot float upwards or sink to the surface of a casting mold in the casting process, the secondary ceramic particles can be uniformly dispersed in the metal liquid, the bonding capacity of the secondary ceramic particles and the metal liquid can be improved, the structure of the secondary ceramic particles is more stable in the high-temperature hot-pressing compounding process, and the mechanical property of the wear-resistant composite material is improved.
Analyzing the interface of the secondary ceramic particles and the metal liquid matrix by means of SEM/EDS/X-ray diffraction and the like, wherein in the process that the secondary ceramic particles are uniformly dispersed in the metal liquid and cast and solidified with the metal liquid, boron and molybdenum and iron in the metal liquid react to form a multi-component compound, the surface of the secondary ceramic particles is completely infiltrated into the metal liquid, and part of molybdenum and iron in the metal liquid penetrates through the interface of the particles and the metal liquid and is infiltrated into the particles; meanwhile, partial boron elements on the surfaces of the particles diffuse into the molten metal across the interface, the interface becomes fuzzy and unclear due to mutual diffusion reaction of the secondary ceramic particles and the metal elements, and a solid-phase liquid-phase bonding layer is formed at the original interface, so that after the molten metal is solidified, the metal matrix and the secondary ceramic particles are inlaid into each other, and the purpose of firm bonding of the metal matrix and the secondary ceramic particles is achieved.
The second embodiment:
a preparation method of the composite wear-resistant part comprises the following specific use steps:
s1: selecting boron carbide and boron nitride with the granularity of less than 300 meshes for mixing ceramic powder, and selecting tungsten carbide with the particle size of 0.5-3 mm as primary ceramic particles; fully and uniformly mixing 45% of tungsten carbide, 55% of boron carbide and boron nitride by weight, and adding a corresponding sintering aid in the mixing, wherein the sintering aid comprises 2% of activated carbon and 2% of alumina powder by weight of the total weight of ceramic powder and primary ceramic particles;
s2: pre-pressing and molding the mixture prepared in the step S1, and uniformly dispersing ceramic particles in ceramic powder;
s3: sintering the mixture preformed in the step S2 under the atmosphere protection or vacuum condition to obtain a semi-finished product; wherein the sintering is high-temperature hot-pressing sintering at 2000 deg.C under 30 Mpa;
s4: crushing the semi-finished product obtained in the step S3 into secondary ceramic particles with irregular surfaces and 4-10 mm particle sizes; the surface is roughened, so that the adhesion rate or contact points of a surface binding phase are improved, and the interface bonding strength of the ceramic particles and the molten metal is further enhanced;
s5: adding the secondary ceramic particles obtained in the step S4 into a metal matrix according to the proportion of 60% of the secondary ceramic particles and 40% of the metal matrix, uniformly dispersing, casting the mixture into a casting mold at the temperature of 1550 ℃, and naturally cooling, wherein the metal matrix comprises 17% of Cr, 55% of Ni, 8% of Mo and 20% of Fe;
S6: carrying out heat treatment on the part naturally cooled in the step 5 to obtain a wear-resistant part; the ceramic powder connects and fixes the primary ceramic particles, so that the toughness and compressive strength of the secondary ceramic particles are enhanced, and the secondary ceramic particles are not easy to crack; the primary ceramic particles are embedded in the secondary ceramic particles, the temperature rising curve of the primary ceramic particles is slower than that of the matrix, and the tendency of cracks of the primary ceramic particles in the primary ceramic particles is reduced; under the continuous high temperature state, ceramic powder possess than the metal more excellent high temperature creep resistance can tightly wrap up ceramic particle under the continuous high temperature state, can not lead to ceramic particle to drop because of the base member softens to guarantee wear-resisting effect.
Comparative examples 3 to 7:
the preparation methods of comparative examples 3 to 7 are basically the same as those of examples 1 and 2, tungsten carbide with the particle size of 0.5 to 3mm is selected for the primary ceramic particles, a mixture of boron carbide and boron nitride is selected for the ceramic powder, the particle size of the prepared secondary ceramic particles is 4 to 10mm, and the rest reaction parameters are as follows in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 summary of reaction conditions for examples 1-2 and comparative examples 3-7
Comparative example 8:
selecting ZTA ceramic particles with the particle size of 3-5 mm, uniformly stirring the ZTA ceramic particles and a binder at the ratio of 100:7, putting the mixture into a mold, drying for 1 hour at 70 ℃, demolding to obtain a preform, sintering the preform at 1300 ℃ for 30min to obtain the preform with the porosity of 50%, fixing the preform in a sand mold cavity, preheating the mold to 500 ℃, casting a high-chromium cast iron metal liquid with the Cr content of 12% into the mold, and casting at the temperature of 1480 ℃ to obtain the wear-resistant part.
The performance of each example and each comparative example is tested, and the three-body abrasive abrasion performance of the composite material is tested by using an MMH-5 type ring block three-body abrasive abrasion tester. The mesh number of mullite adopted for three-body abrasion is 50-100 meshes, the rotating speed is 50r/min, the testing force is 5kg, each time is 90min, each group of samples is subjected to three tests, the samples are weighed after each test is finished, the abrasion loss of each sample test is calculated, the average value of the three tests is taken as the final data of the group of samples, and the determination results are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 summary of test data
As can be seen from table 2 above, as can be seen from comparison of comparative example 8 with examples 1 or 2, the wear resistance of the composite wear resistant member of the present invention is significantly improved; from comparative examples 3 and 4, it can be seen that the density of the secondary ceramic particles can be adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the ceramic powder to the primary ceramic particles, so that the difference between the density of the secondary ceramic particles and the density of the metal liquid is reduced, but the difference is still large, and therefore the wear resistance of the secondary ceramic particles is not greatly changed; as can be seen from comparison between example 1 and comparative examples 3 and 4, the ratio of the ceramic powder to the primary ceramic particles is too large or too small, and when the ratio of the ceramic powder is too large, the primary ceramic particles having a main wear-resistant effect are small, and the wear-resistant effect is poor; when the ceramic powder accounts for too small, the primary ceramic particles account for too large, the ceramic powder cannot effectively wrap the primary ceramic particles, the primary ceramic particles are easy to fall off when the wear-resistant part works, and the wear-resistant effect is also reduced; therefore, when the density of the secondary ceramic particles is adjusted to be close to that of the molten metal, namely the density of the secondary ceramic particles is close to 0.9-1.1 times of that of the molten metal, the wear resistance is better; as can be seen from comparative example 5, the ceramic powder has too coarse particle size and low sintering activity, which is not favorable for the densification of ceramic particles; it can be seen from comparative examples 6 and 7 that the low sintering temperature or sintering pressure causes the sintering of the secondary ceramic particles to be less dense, and the ceramic particles are less dense, which results in the secondary ceramic particles having a poorer wear resistance than the prior ZTA ceramic particles.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and amendments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and amendments should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A composite wear-resistant component comprises a metal matrix and ceramic particles uniformly dispersed in the metal matrix, and is characterized in that: the ceramic particles are secondary ceramic particles formed by crushing a semi-finished product obtained by uniformly mixing, prepressing, molding and sintering ceramic powder and primary ceramic particles.
2. A composite wear part in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the density of the secondary ceramic particles approaches the density of the metal matrix, and the mixing ratio of the ceramic powder and the primary ceramic particles is adjusted according to the density of the metal matrix.
3. A composite wear part in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the secondary ceramic particles are particles with irregular surfaces and particle sizes of 4-10 mm.
4. A composite wear part in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the secondary ceramic particles to the metal matrix by weight is: 35-60% of secondary ceramic particles and 40-65% of metal matrix.
5. A composite wear part in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the metal matrix comprises 17-21% of Cr, 50-55% of Ni, 5-8% of Mo and 15-25% of Fe.
6. A composite wear part in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the ceramic powder comprises one or more of boron carbide and boron nitride with the granularity of less than 300 meshes.
7. A composite wear part in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the primary ceramic particles comprise tungsten carbide with the particle size of 0.5-3 mm.
8. A method for manufacturing a composite wear part according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that it comprises the following specific application steps:
s1: fully and uniformly mixing the ceramic powder and the primary ceramic particles;
s2: pre-pressing and molding the mixture prepared in the step S1;
s3: sintering the mixture preformed in the step S2 under the atmosphere protection or vacuum condition to obtain a semi-finished product;
s4: crushing the semi-finished product obtained in the step S3 into secondary ceramic particles;
s5: adding the secondary ceramic particles obtained in the step S4 into a metal matrix, uniformly dispersing, casting into a casting mold, and naturally cooling;
s6: and (5) carrying out heat treatment on the part naturally cooled in the step 5 to obtain the wear-resistant part.
9. The method of manufacturing a composite wear part according to claim 8, wherein: the sintering is high-temperature hot-pressing sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1850-2000 ℃, and the pressure is 20-30 Mpa.
10. The method of manufacturing a composite wear part according to claim 8, wherein: the casting temperature of the step 5 is 1450-1550 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210510703.3A CN114752806B (en) | 2022-05-11 | 2022-05-11 | Composite wear-resistant part and preparation method thereof |
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