CN114752390A - Coastal sand fixation reagent and method - Google Patents
Coastal sand fixation reagent and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114752390A CN114752390A CN202210340971.5A CN202210340971A CN114752390A CN 114752390 A CN114752390 A CN 114752390A CN 202210340971 A CN202210340971 A CN 202210340971A CN 114752390 A CN114752390 A CN 114752390A
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- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 182
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 57
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](OC2[C@H](O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-URKRLVJHSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920002498 Beta-glucan Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 6
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 25
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical group [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 19
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- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000020183 skimmed milk Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000013527 bean curd Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101000965313 Legionella pneumophila subsp. pneumophila (strain Philadelphia 1 / ATCC 33152 / DSM 7513) Aconitate hydratase A Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002444 Exopolysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000003886 Glycoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000288 Glycoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000047339 Salicornia brachystachya Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940023476 agar Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2105/00—Erosion prevention
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The coastal sand fixation reagent comprises organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor, can fix sand based on EICP technology, saves the culture work of a large amount of bacteria, has simple urease extraction and convenient operation, contains few chemical substances, has no toxicity and danger, can be naturally degraded, has no influence on ecology, is green and environment-friendly, and is suitable for the coastal area; the method adopts urease to cure sand dunes of the sand beach, organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor react on the surface layers of the sand beach, the generated calcium carbonate crystals can glue silt particles together, the surface layers of the sand beach are cured into hard shell layers with certain strength, the shear strength of the sand beach is improved, the integral stability of the sand beach is increased, the formed hard shell layers have the function of slow seepage, the growth of grass seeds at the later stage of sand beach treatment is facilitated, and the method is simple, only needs direct spraying, has short treatment period and small difficulty, and is suitable for large-scale treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coastal sand fixation reagent and a method, belonging to the technical field of coastal sandy soil wind prevention and sand fixation.
Background
The chemical sand fixation means that a layer of consolidation layer which can prevent wind from blowing up and has the functions of keeping moisture and improving the property of sand is built on a sand dune or a sandy ground surface which is easy to generate sand damage in a sand storm hazard area by utilizing chemical materials and processes so as to control and improve the sand hazard environment. The chemical sand fixation effect is obvious, but the used chemical reagent has toxic substances to a certain extent and can cause certain damage to the land, so the chemical reagent is not suitable for coastal sand fixation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a coastal sand fixation reagent and a method, which solve the problems disclosed in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a coastal sand fixation reagent comprises organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor, wherein the organic matter urease mixed liquor comprises urease solution prepared by mixed soybean hulls and a stabilizer, and the inorganic treatment mixed liquor comprises mixed urea solution and calcium salt solution.
The inorganic treatment mixture is also mixed with hydrogel.
Beta glucan is also mixed in the inorganic treatment mixed liquid.
A coastal sand stabilization method comprising:
if reinforcing a non-submerged area on a sand beach high tide line and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 0-5 m/s, preparing a coast sand fixing reagent without adding hydrogel and beta glucan, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times;
If reinforcing a non-submerged area on a sand beach high tide line and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 5-10 m/s, preparing a coast sand fixing reagent added with hydrogel and not added with beta glucan, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times;
if the sand beach intertidal zone is reinforced and the tide is full, preparing a coastal sand fixing reagent without adding hydrogel and beta glucan, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area for multiple times in batches;
if the sand beach intertidal zone is reinforced and the tide is half-day, preparing a coastal sand fixing reagent added with hydrogel and not added with beta glucan, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area for multiple times in batches;
if the beach intertidal zone is reinforced and typhoon early warning occurs, preparing a coastal sand fixing reagent added with hydrogel and beta glucan, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times.
If reinforcing a non-submerged area on a sand beach high tide line and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 0-5 m/s, preparing a coastal sand fixing reagent without adding hydrogel and beta glucan, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
If reinforcing a non-submerged area on a sand beach high tide line and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 0-5 m/s, preparing a coast sand fixing reagent without adding hydrogel and beta glucan; scattering grass seeds in a non-submerged area, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor for one time; spraying inorganic treatment mixed liquor every 10-12 h, wherein the reinforcement period is 30-36 h, and reinforcement is needed for 3-4 periods; wherein the activity of the urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 0.3-1 mmol/L/min.
If reinforcing the non-submerged area on the sand beach high tide line and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 5-10 m/s, preparing a coast sand fixation reagent added with hydrogel and not added with beta glucan, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
if reinforcing a non-submerged area on a sand beach high tide line and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 5-10 m/s, preparing a coast sand fixing reagent added with hydrogel and not added with beta glucan; scattering grass seeds in a non-submerged area, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor for one time; spraying inorganic treatment mixed liquor every 10-12 h, wherein the reinforcement period is 30-36 h, and reinforcement is needed for 3-4 periods; wherein the activity of the urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 1.0-1.5 mmol/L/min.
If the saturation degree of the non-submerged area is 40-50%, the time interval for spraying the inorganic treatment mixed liquid is 7-8 hours.
If the sand beach intertidal zone is reinforced and the tide is full, preparing a coastal sand fixing reagent without adding hydrogel and beta glucan, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of a non-submerged area for multiple times in batches, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
if the sand beach intertidal zone with the tidal range of 0-3 m and the full-day tide are reinforced, preparing a coastal sand fixing reagent without adding hydrogel and beta glucan; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time after each round of climax is finished for 1.5-2 hours; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once every 5.5-6 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 22-24 hours, and 3-4 reinforcement periods are needed; wherein the activity of a urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 0.3-1 mmol/L/min;
if the sand beach intertidal zone with the tidal range of 3-6 m and the full-day tide are reinforced, preparing a coastal sand fixing reagent without adding hydrogel and beta glucan; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time after each round of climax is finished for 1.5-2 hours; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once every 5.5-6 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 22-24 hours, and 3-4 reinforcement periods are needed; wherein the activity of the urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 1.0-1.5 mmol/L/min.
If the sand beach intertidal zone is reinforced and the tide is half-day, preparing a coastal sand fixing reagent added with hydrogel and not added with beta glucan, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of a non-submerged area for multiple times in batches, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
if the sand beach intertidal zone with the reinforced tidal range of 0-3 m and the half-day tide are reinforced, preparing a coastal sand-fixing reagent added with hydrogel and not added with beta glucan; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time after each round of climax is finished for 1-1.5 hours; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once every 2.5-3 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 20-24 hours, and 3-4 periods need to be reinforced; wherein the activity of a urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 1.5-2.0 mmol/L/min;
if the sand beach intertidal zone with the tidal range of 3-6 m and the half-day tide are reinforced, preparing a coastal sand fixing reagent added with hydrogel and not added with beta glucan; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time after each round of climax is finished for 1-1.5 hours; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once every 2.5-3 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 20-24 hours, and 3-4 reinforcement periods are needed; wherein the activity of the urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 2.0-3.0 mmol/L/min.
If the beach intertidal zone is reinforced and typhoon early warning occurs, preparing a coastal sand fixing reagent added with hydrogel and beta glucan, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of a non-submerged area for multiple times in batches, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
if the sand beach intertidal zone is reinforced and typhoon early warning occurs, preparing a coast sand fixation reagent added with hydrogel and beta glucan; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time within 3-4 days before typhoon and 1-1.5 hours after each turn of climax is finished; the organic matter urease mixed liquid and the inorganic treatment mixed liquid are sequentially sprayed every 2.5-3 hours, the reinforcement period is 20-24 hours, and 4-5 periods of reinforcement are needed. Wherein the activity of the urease solution in the organic urease mixed solution is 2.5-3.0 mmol/L/min.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. the coastal sand fixation reagent comprises organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor, can fix sand based on EICP technology, saves culture work of a large amount of bacteria compared with MICP technology, is simple in urease extraction and convenient to operate, contains few chemical substance components in all liquid, is non-toxic and dangerous, can be naturally degraded, has no influence on ecology, is green and environment-friendly, and is suitable for coastal areas; 2. the urease is extracted from non-puffed soybean seed coats, so that the utilization rate of soybeans is improved and the cost is greatly reduced compared with the urease which is directly extracted from soybeans; 3. the method adopts urease to cure sand dunes of the sand beach, organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor react on the surface layers of the sand beach, the generated calcium carbonate crystals can glue silt particles together, the surface layers of the sand beach are cured into hard shell layers with certain strength, the shear strength of the sand beach is improved, the integral stability of the sand beach is increased, the formed hard shell layers have the function of slow seepage, the growth of grass seeds at the later stage of sand beach treatment is facilitated, the curing effect is improved, the method is simple, only direct spraying is needed, the treatment period is short, the difficulty is small, and the method is suitable for large-scale treatment.
Detailed Description
The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
A coastal sand fixation reagent comprises organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor, wherein the organic matter urease mixed liquor comprises urease solution prepared by mixed soybean hulls and a stabilizer, and the inorganic treatment mixed liquor comprises mixed urea solution and calcium salt solution.
The urease solution is prepared by mixing ground soybean hull powder and deionized water, wherein each liter of deionized water contains 20-300 g of soybean hull powder, urease is extracted from non-puffed soybean hulls, and the urease activity is 0.3-3 mmol/L/min.
Although the coastal sand fixation reagent can directly adopt the urease solution, in order to increase the stability of urease-induced calcium carbonate precipitation, a stabilizer is mixed into the urease solution, a nucleating site is provided for the urease-induced calcium carbonate precipitation through the stabilizer, and the stabilizer can adopt one or more of skimmed milk powder and soybean milk powder.
The preparation process of the organic matter urease mixed solution can be as follows:
weighing a certain amount of soybean hulls, baking the soybean hulls in an oven at 30-50 ℃ for 5 hours (h is an hour), putting the dried soybean hulls in a crusher to crush the soybean hulls, sieving the crushed soybean hulls through a sieve of 0.25mm, removing impurities to obtain soybean hull powder, and storing the soybean hull powder in a low-temperature drying environment for later use; after drying, taking a certain amount of beancurd skin powder, adding corresponding deionized water, and preparing a beancurd skin powder solution of 20-300 g/L; fully stirring the bean curd skin powder solution through a magnetic stirrer, standing for 2-3 h, pouring supernatant of the stirred solution into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging for 30-60 min at the temperature of 4-6 ℃ at 3000-000 r/min; after centrifugation, the supernatant in the centrifugal tube is the urease solution to be extracted, and the stabilizer is doped into the urease solution according to 4-6 g/L to prepare organic matter urease mixed solution.
The mixed urea solution and calcium salt solution are generally mixed in a volume ratio and concentration ratio of 1: 1, uniformly mixing, such as uniformly mixing 1.11mol/L urea and 1.11mol/L calcium salt; wherein the calcium salt is calcium chloride.
Since urease is extracted from soybean hulls and has lower activity than urease extracted from soybeans directly, hydrogel or hydrogel and beta glucan are mixed in an inorganic treatment mixed solution under partial sand fixation environment; the hydrogel is mainly used for improving the sand fixing capacity of urease, and can generally adopt one or more of biological extracellular polysaccharide such as xanthan gum, agar and sodium alginate; the beta glucan is mainly used for enhancing the bonding effect among sand particles and improving the soil strength, and the addition amount of the beta glucan is 0.5 percent of the quality of inorganic treatment mixed liquid generally.
Under the condition that the non-submerged area on a reinforced beach high tide line and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 5-10 m/s, hydrogel needs to be mixed into the adopted inorganic treatment mixed liquid; for example, under the condition of reinforcing a beach intertidal zone and a half-day tide, hydrogel needs to be mixed in the adopted inorganic treatment mixed liquid; if the tidal zone of the beach is reinforced and typhoon early warning occurs, the adopted inorganic treatment mixed liquor needs to be mixed with hydrogel and beta glucan.
The coastal sand fixation reagent can fix sand based on an EICP technology, saves the culture work of a large amount of bacteria compared with an MICP technology, has simple urease extraction and convenient operation, contains few chemical substances in all liquid, has no toxicity and danger, can be naturally degraded, has no influence on ecology, is green and environment-friendly, and is suitable for the coastal areas.
Defining the coast sand fixation reagent without adding the hydrogel and the beta glucan as a first reagent, the coast sand fixation reagent only adding the hydrogel as a second reagent, and the coast sand fixation reagent simultaneously adding the hydrogel and the beta glucan as a third reagent.
The sand fixing method adopting the coastal sand fixing reagent comprises the following steps:
1) if reinforcing a non-submerged area on a beach high tide line and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 0-5 m/s, preparing a first reagent, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times; wherein, the purpose of respectively spraying the organic matter urease mixed liquor and the inorganic treatment mixed liquor is to prevent the two from reacting immediately after mixing, and the generated calcium carbonate blocks the surface layer gap to inhibit the reaction from continuing.
The specific process can be as follows:
if reinforcing a non-submerged area on a sand beach high tide line and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 0-5 m/s, preparing a first reagent; sprinkling grass seeds, generally one or two of Salicornia herbacea seeds and saddle vine seeds, in a non-submerged area, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor for one time; spraying the inorganic treatment mixed solution once every 10-12 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 30-36 hours, reinforcement is needed for 3-4 periods, and if the saturation of a non-submerged area is 40-50%, the time interval for spraying the inorganic treatment mixed solution is 7-8 hours; wherein the activity of a urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 0.3-1 mmol/L/min;
2) If a non-submerged area on a sand beach high tide line is reinforced and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 5-10 m/s, preparing a second reagent, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times.
The specific process can be as follows:
if reinforcing a non-submerged area on a sand beach high tide line and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 5-10 m/s, preparing a second reagent; scattering grass seeds in a non-submerged area, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor once; spraying the inorganic treatment mixed solution once every 10-12 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 30-36 hours, reinforcement is needed for 3-4 periods, and if the saturation of a non-submerged area is 40-50%, the time interval for spraying the inorganic treatment mixed solution is 7-8 hours; wherein the activity of a urease solution in the organic urease mixed solution is 1.0-1.5 mmol/L/min;
3) if the sand beach intertidal zone is reinforced and the tide is full, a first reagent is prepared, and organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor are sprayed on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times.
The specific process is as follows:
31) if the sand beach intertidal zone with the tidal range of 0-3 m is reinforced and the whole day tide is reached, preparing a first reagent; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time after each round of climax is finished for 1.5-2 hours; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once every 5.5-6 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 22-24 hours, and 3-4 reinforcement periods are needed; wherein the content of the organic matter urease mixed solution is 20-75 g/L, and the activity of a urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 0.3-1 mmol/L/min;
32) If the sand beach intertidal zone with the tidal range of 3-6 m is reinforced and the whole day tide is reached, preparing a first reagent; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time after each round of climax is finished for 1.5-2 hours; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once every 5.5-6 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 22-24 hours, and 3-4 reinforcement periods are needed; wherein, the organic matter urease mixed liquor is 75-150 g/L, and the activity of the urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed liquor is 1.0-1.5 mmol/L/min.
4) If the sand beach intertidal zone is reinforced and the tide is half day, a second reagent is prepared, and organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor are sprayed on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times.
The specific process is as follows:
41) if the sand beach intertidal zone with the reinforced tidal range of 0-3 m and the sand beach intertidal zone are half-day tide, preparing a second reagent; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time after each round of climax is finished for 1-1.5 hours; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once every 2.5-3 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 20-24 hours, and 3-4 reinforcement periods are needed; wherein the organic matter urease mixed solution is 150-200 g/L, and the activity of a urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 1.5-2.0 mmol/L/min;
42) if the sand beach intertidal zone with the tidal range of 3-6 m and the half-day tide are reinforced, preparing a second reagent; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time after each round of climax is finished for 1-1.5 hours; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once every 2.5-3 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 20-24 hours, and 3-4 reinforcement periods are needed; wherein the organic matter urease mixed solution is 200-300 g/L, and the activity of a urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 2.0-3.0 mmol/L/min.
5) And if the sand beach intertidal zone is reinforced and typhoon early warning occurs, preparing a third reagent, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times.
The specific process is as follows:
if the beach intertidal zone is reinforced and typhoon early warning occurs, preparing a third reagent; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time within 3-4 days before typhoon and 1-1.5 hours after each turn of climax is finished; the organic matter urease mixed liquor and the inorganic treatment mixed liquor are sprayed once every 2.5-3 hours, the reinforcement period is 20-24 hours, and reinforcement is needed for 4-5 periods. Wherein the content of organic matter urease mixed liquor is 300g/L, and the activity of a urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed liquor is 2.5-3.0 mmol/L/min.
In the method, the organic matter urease mixed liquor and the inorganic treatment mixed liquor are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1: 1, loading into two different sprayers, and uniformly spraying on the surface layer of the sandy soil according to the dosage of 1-5L/m 2.
The sand fixation method is further illustrated by the following examples:
1. reinforcing the non-submerged area on the high tide line of the sand beach and the wind speed is 0-5 m/s
(1) Baking non-puffed soybean hulls in a baking oven at 40 ℃ for 5 hours, crushing the dried soybean hulls in a crusher, sieving the crushed soybean hulls with a sieve of 0.25mm, removing impurities by the sieve, and storing the soybean hulls in a low-temperature drying environment for later use.
(2) Preparing 150g/L soybean hull powder solution, fully stirring the soybean hull powder solution by a magnetic stirrer, standing for 2 hours, pouring the supernatant of the stirred solution into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging for 30 minutes at the temperature of 4 ℃ at 4000 r/min; the supernatant in the centrifuge tube is the urease solution.
(3) And (3) mixing the defatted milk powder into the urease solution according to the concentration of 4g/L to obtain the organic matter urease mixed solution. Skim milk powder has stable glycoproteins that have the ability to coordinate with enzymes, do not interfere with the active sites of enzymes, and can promote precipitation by providing nucleation sites for calcium carbonate precipitation and reducing the rate of precipitation.
(4) Respectively preparing 1.11mol/L urea solution and 1.11mol/L calcium chloride solution, and mixing the urea solution and the calcium chloride solution according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, and uniformly mixing to obtain an inorganic treatment mixed solution.
(5) Uniformly scattering the seeds of the Ma saddle vine in a non-submerged area, spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor on the surface of the non-submerged area once, spraying inorganic treatment mixed liquor once every 12 hours for three times, wherein the reinforcement period is 36 hours, repeating the operation twice after 36 hours, and reinforcing for 3 periods.
2. Reinforcing the non-submerged area on the high tide line of the sand beach and the wind speed is 5-10 m/s
(1) Baking non-puffed soybean hulls in a baking oven at 40 ℃ for 5 hours, crushing the dried soybean hulls in a crusher, sieving the crushed soybean hulls with a 0.25mm sieve, removing impurities, and storing in a low-temperature drying environment for later use.
(2) Preparing 150g/L soybean hull powder solution, fully stirring the soybean hull powder solution by a magnetic stirrer, standing for 2h, pouring the supernatant of the stirred solution into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging for 30min at the temperature of 4 ℃ at 5000 r/min; the supernatant in the centrifuge tube is the urease solution.
(3) And (3) mixing the skimmed milk powder into the urease solution according to 4g/L of the urease solution to obtain the organic matter urease mixed solution.
(4) Respectively preparing 1.11mol/L urea solution and 1.11mol/L calcium chloride solution, and mixing the urea solution and the calcium chloride solution according to the volume ratio of 1: 1, uniformly mixing, namely adding xanthan gum into a mixed solution of urea and calcium chloride according to the proportion of 0.5g/L to obtain an inorganic treatment mixed solution; wherein, the xanthan gum is a biological exopolysaccharide, which is used as hydrogel, and the adding of the xanthan gum can obviously improve the sand fixing capability of urease.
(5) Uniformly scattering the seeds of the Ma saddle vine in a non-submerged area, spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor on the surface of the non-submerged area once, spraying inorganic treatment mixed liquor once every 12 hours for three times, wherein the reinforcement period is 36 hours, repeating the operation twice after 36 hours, and reinforcing for 3 periods.
3. Intertidal zone for reinforcing all-day tide and beach with tidal range of 0-3 m
(1) Baking non-puffed soybean hulls in a baking oven at 40 ℃ for 5 hours, crushing the dried soybean hulls in a crusher, sieving the crushed soybean hulls with a sieve of 0.25mm, removing impurities by the sieve, and storing the soybean hulls in a low-temperature drying environment for later use.
(2) Preparing a 50g/L soybean hull powder solution, fully stirring the soybean hull powder solution by a magnetic stirrer, standing for 2 hours, pouring the supernatant of the stirred solution into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging for 30 minutes at the temperature of 4 ℃ at 5000 r/min; the supernatant in the centrifugal tube is the urease solution.
(3) And (3) mixing the skimmed milk powder into the urease solution according to 4g/L of the urease solution to obtain the organic matter urease mixed solution.
(4) Respectively preparing 1.11mol/L urea solution and 1.11mol/L calcium chloride solution, and mixing the urea solution and the calcium chloride solution according to the volume ratio of 1: 1, and uniformly mixing to obtain an inorganic treatment mixed solution.
(5) And spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for 2 hours after each turn of climax is finished, spraying inorganic treatment mixed liquor immediately, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor every 6 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 24 hours and needs 3 reinforcement periods.
4. Intertidal zone for reinforcing all-day tide and with tidal range of 3-6 m beach
(1) Baking non-puffed soybean hulls in a baking oven at 40 ℃ for 5 hours, crushing the dried soybean hulls in a crusher, sieving the crushed soybean hulls with a 0.25mm sieve, removing impurities, and storing in a low-temperature drying environment for later use.
(2) Preparing 150g/L soybean hull powder solution, fully stirring the soybean hull powder solution by a magnetic stirrer, standing for 2 hours, pouring the supernatant of the stirred solution into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging for 40 minutes at the temperature of 4 ℃ at 5000 r/min; the supernatant in the centrifuge tube is the urease solution.
(3) And (3) mixing the defatted milk powder into the urease solution according to the concentration of 4g/L to obtain the organic matter urease mixed solution.
(4) Respectively preparing 1.11mol/L urea solution and 1.11mol/L calcium chloride solution, and mixing the urea solution and the calcium chloride solution according to the volume ratio of 1: 1, and uniformly mixing to obtain an inorganic treatment mixed solution.
(5) And spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for 2 hours after each turn of climax is finished, spraying inorganic treatment mixed liquor immediately, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor every 6 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 24 hours and needs 3 reinforcement periods.
5. Intertidal zone for reinforcing sandy beach with half-day tide and tidal range of 0-3 m
(1) Baking non-puffed soybean hulls in a baking oven at 40 ℃ for 5 hours, crushing the dried soybean hulls in a crusher, sieving the crushed soybean hulls with a 0.25mm sieve, removing impurities, and storing in a low-temperature drying environment for later use.
(2) Preparing 175g/L of soybean hull powder solution, fully stirring the soybean hull powder solution by a magnetic stirrer, standing for 2 hours, pouring the supernatant of the stirred solution into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging for 60 minutes at the temperature of 4 ℃ at 5000 r/min; the supernatant in the centrifuge tube is the urease solution.
(3) And (3) mixing the defatted milk powder into the urease solution according to the concentration of 4g/L to obtain the organic matter urease mixed solution.
(4) Respectively preparing 1.11mol/L urea solution and 1.11mol/L calcium chloride solution, and mixing the urea solution and the calcium chloride solution according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, uniformly mixing, and adding the xanthan gum into a mixed solution of urea and calcium chloride according to the proportion of 0.8g/L to obtain an inorganic treatment mixed solution.
(5) Spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once to the intertidal zone 1h after each turn of climax is finished, then immediately spraying inorganic treatment and mixing once, and then spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once every 3h, wherein the reinforcement period is 24h, and 3 periods of reinforcement are needed.
6. Intertidal zone for reinforcing sandy beach with half-day tide and tidal range of 3-6 m
(1) Baking non-puffed soybean hulls in a baking oven at 40 ℃ for 5 hours, crushing the dried soybean hulls in a crusher, sieving the crushed soybean hulls with a sieve of 0.25mm, removing impurities by the sieve, and storing the soybean hulls in a low-temperature drying environment for later use.
(2) Preparing 250g/L soybean hull powder solution, fully stirring the soybean hull powder solution by a magnetic stirrer, standing for 2h, pouring the supernatant of the stirred solution into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging for 60min at the temperature of 4 ℃ at 5000 r/min; the supernatant in the centrifuge tube is the urease solution.
(3) And (3) mixing the defatted milk powder into the urease solution according to the concentration of 4g/L to obtain the organic matter urease mixed solution.
(4) Respectively preparing 1.11mol/L urea solution and 1.11mol/L calcium chloride solution, and mixing the urea solution and the calcium chloride solution according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, adding the xanthan gum into the mixed solution of urea and calcium chloride according to the proportion of 1.0g/L to obtain inorganic treatment mixture.
(5) And spraying the organic matter urease mixed solution to the intertidal zone for 1 hour after each turn of climax is finished, spraying the inorganic treatment solution for one time immediately, and spraying the organic matter urease mixed solution for one time every 3 hours. The strengthening period is 24h, and 3 strengthening periods are needed.
7. Temporary reinforcement beach with typhoon blue early warning
(1) Baking non-puffed soybean hulls in a baking oven at 40 ℃ for 5 hours, crushing the dried soybean hulls in a crusher, sieving the crushed soybean hulls with a 0.25mm sieve, removing impurities, and storing in a low-temperature drying environment for later use.
(2) Preparing 300g/L soybean hull powder solution, fully stirring the soybean hull powder solution by a magnetic stirrer, standing for 2 hours, pouring the supernatant of the stirred solution into a centrifuge tube, and centrifuging for 60 minutes at the temperature of 4 ℃ at 5000 r/min; the supernatant in the centrifuge tube is the urease solution.
(3) And (3) mixing the defatted milk powder into the urease solution according to the concentration of 4g/L to obtain the organic matter urease mixed solution.
(4) Respectively preparing 1.11mol/L urea solution and 1.11mol/L calcium chloride solution, and mixing the urea solution and the calcium chloride solution according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, uniformly mixing, adding xanthan gum into a mixed solution of urea and calcium chloride according to the proportion of 1.0g/L to obtain an inorganic treatment solution, adding beta glucan into the inorganic treatment solution, and measuring the addition amount of the beta glucan to be 0.5 percent of the mass of the inorganic treatment solution to obtain an inorganic treatment mixed solution.
(5) Within 3 days before typhoon, spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once to intertidal zone after each turn of climax is finished for 1h, spraying inorganic treatment mixed liquor once immediately, and then spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor once every 3h, wherein the reinforcement period is 20h, and 5 periods of reinforcement are needed.
The method adopts urease to cure sand dunes, organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor react on the surface layers of the sand dunes, the generated calcium carbonate crystals can glue silt particles together, the surface layers of the sand dunes are cured into hard shell layers with certain strength, the shear strength of the sand dunes is improved, the overall stability of the sand dunes is increased, the formed hard shell layers have the function of slow permeation, the growth of grass seeds at the later stage of sand beach treatment is facilitated, the curing effect is improved, the method is simple, only direct spraying is needed, the treatment period is short, the difficulty is small, and the method is suitable for large-scale treatment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The coastal sand-fixing reagent is characterized by comprising organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor, wherein the organic matter urease mixed liquor comprises urease solution prepared by mixed soybean hulls and a stabilizer, and the inorganic treatment mixed liquor comprises mixed urea solution and calcium salt solution.
2. The coastal sand fixation reagent of claim 1, wherein the inorganic treatment mixture further comprises a hydrogel.
3. The coastal sand fixation reagent of claim 2, wherein the inorganic treatment mixture is further mixed with beta glucan.
4. A coastal sand stabilization method, comprising:
if reinforcing a non-submerged area on a sand beach high tide line and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 0-5 m/s, preparing the coastal sand fixing reagent of claim 1, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times;
if reinforcing a non-submerged area on a sand beach high tide line and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 5-10 m/s, preparing the coastal sand fixing reagent of claim 2, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times;
preparing the coastal sand-fixing reagent of claim 1, and spraying organic urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times if the sand beach intertidal zone is reinforced and the tide is full;
preparing the coastal sand-fixing reagent of claim 2, and spraying organic urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for a plurality of times if the sand beach intertidal zone is reinforced and the tide is half day tide;
If the sand beach intertidal zone is reinforced and typhoon early warning occurs, preparing the coast sand fixation reagent of claim 3, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor on the surface layer of a non-submerged area in batches for multiple times.
5. The coastal sand stabilization method according to claim 4, wherein if a non-submerged area on a sand beach high tide line is reinforced and the wind speed in the non-submerged area is 0-5 m/s, the coastal sand stabilization reagent of claim 1 is prepared, and the organic matter urease mixed liquor and the inorganic treatment mixed liquor are sprayed on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times, and the method comprises the following steps:
if the non-submerged area on the sand beach high tide line is reinforced and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 0-5 m/s, preparing the coast sand fixing agent as defined in claim 1; scattering grass seeds in a non-submerged area, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor once; spraying inorganic treatment mixed liquid once every 10-12 h, wherein the reinforcement period is 30-36 h, and reinforcement is needed for 3-4 periods; wherein the activity of the urease solution in the organic urease mixed solution is 0.3-1 mmol/L/min.
6. The coastal sand stabilization method of claim 4, wherein if the non-submerged area on the sand beach high tide line is reinforced and the wind speed in the non-submerged area is 5-10 m/s, the coastal sand stabilization reagent of claim 2 is prepared, and the organic matter urease mixed liquor and the inorganic treatment mixed liquor are sprayed on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times, and the method comprises the following steps:
If the non-submerged area on the sand beach high tide line is reinforced and the wind speed of the non-submerged area is 5-10 m/s, preparing the coast sand fixing agent as defined in claim 2; scattering grass seeds in a non-submerged area, and spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor once; spraying inorganic treatment mixed liquid once every 10-12 h, wherein the reinforcement period is 30-36 h, and reinforcement is needed for 3-4 periods; wherein the activity of the urease solution in the organic urease mixed solution is 1.0-1.5 mmol/L/min.
7. The coastal sand stabilization method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein if the saturation degree of the non-submerged area is 40 to 50%, the time interval for spraying the inorganic treatment mixed solution is 7 to 8 hours.
8. The coastal sand stabilization method of claim 4, wherein if the beach intertidal zone is reinforced and the tide is full, the coastal sand stabilization reagent of claim 1 is prepared, and the organic matter urease mixed liquor and the inorganic treatment mixed liquor are sprayed on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for a plurality of times, comprising:
preparing the coastal sand-fixing agent of claim 1 if the sand beach intertidal zone with the reinforced tidal range of 0-3 m and the full-time tide; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time after 1.5-2 hours after each round of climax is finished; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once every 5.5-6 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 22-24 hours, and 3-4 periods need to be reinforced; wherein the activity of a urease solution in the organic urease mixed solution is 0.3-1 mmol/L/min;
Preparing the coastal sand-fixing agent of claim 1 if the sand beach intertidal zone with the reinforced tidal range of 3-6 m and the full-time tide; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time after each round of climax is finished for 1.5-2 hours; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once every 5.5-6 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 22-24 hours, and 3-4 reinforcement periods are needed; wherein the activity of the urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 1.0-1.5 mmol/L/min.
9. The coastal sand stabilization method of claim 4, wherein if the beach intertidal zone is reinforced and the tide is half day, the coastal sand stabilization reagent of claim 2 is prepared, and the organic matter urease mixed liquor and the inorganic treatment mixed liquor are sprayed on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times, comprising:
preparing the coastal sand fixing agent of claim 2 if the sand beach intertidal zone with the reinforced tidal range of 0-3 m and the half-day tide; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time after each round of climax is finished for 1-1.5 hours; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once every 2.5-3 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 20-24 hours, and 3-4 reinforcement periods are needed; wherein the activity of a urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 1.5-2.0 mmol/L/min;
Preparing the coastal sand fixing agent of claim 2 if the sand beach intertidal zone with the reinforced tidal range of 3-6 m and the half-day tide; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time after each round of climax is finished for 1-1.5 hours; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor once every 2.5-3 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 20-24 hours, and 3-4 reinforcement periods are needed; wherein the activity of the urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 2.0-3.0 mmol/L/min.
10. The coastal sand stabilization method of claim 4, wherein if the beach intertidal zone is reinforced and the typhoon warning occurs, the coastal sand stabilization reagent of claim 3 is prepared, and the organic matter urease mixed liquor and the inorganic treatment mixed liquor are sprayed on the surface layer of the non-submerged area in batches for multiple times, comprising:
preparing the coastal sand fixation reagent of claim 3 if the beach intertidal zone is reinforced and typhoon early warning occurs; spraying organic matter urease mixed liquor and inorganic treatment mixed liquor to the intertidal zone for one time within 3-4 days before typhoon and 1-1.5 hours after each turn of climax is finished; spraying the organic matter urease mixed liquor and the inorganic treatment mixed liquor once every 2.5-3 hours, wherein the reinforcement period is 20-24 hours, and reinforcement is needed for 4-5 periods; wherein the activity of the urease solution in the organic matter urease mixed solution is 2.5-3.0 mmol/L/min.
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