CN106083303A - A kind of plantation organic coated fertilizer of loquat and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of plantation organic coated fertilizer of loquat and preparation method thereof, it is made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution, Zinc oxide powder, citric acid, rice hull ash, ardealite, activated carbon, bagasse, peanut shell, pomelo peel, ammonium molybdate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, EM microbial inoculum, sheep excrement ball, lotus pool mud, cellulose homogenate and water, it is not only applicable to the plantation of loquat, based on organic fermentation material, reduce the use of inorganic constituents, beneficial soil, for fruit tree, the plant of this long term growth is particularly suitable, improve the soil organism, promote the physiologically active of fruit tree, extend the fruit tree time limit, it is not susceptible to pest and disease damage, the appropriate inorganic nutrients adding also passes through the complexing of citric acid, be conducive to absorbing.

Description

A kind of plantation organic coated fertilizer of loquat and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technology field of fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of plantation organic coated fertilizer of loquat and system thereof Preparation Method.

Background technology

Common fertilizer coating has initial sulphur coated urea technology, then has the thermosetting resin coating skill of Japanese characteristics Art, the basis of these resin materials be with polyolefin based on, carry out the height of graft copolymerization formation with adding some organic polymers Polymers, then mix with a certain amount of inorganic mineral stone flour, make coating material, the inorganic mineral stone flour of employing has silicon, sulphur, stone Cream, phosphate, zeolite powder, diatomite, bentonite etc., first the U.S. succeed in developing sulfur coating urea, film layer by bag sulphur layer, Sealant and face powder layer composition, occupy an important position in current sulfur coating sustained release powder；

But shortcoming is obvious: although stone flour class coated fertilizer can improve soil mineral, however it is necessary that the interpolation of chemical organic compounds Could bond, mainly the interpolation of resinae, but the preparation of slow release fertilizer, the bonded adhesive each side used by coating The selection of the ratio in face, addition and species is a problem, the timely supply of control undue influence fertilizer, and it is improper slightly to control, The as easy as rolling off a log cracking of making moist of the coating of stone flour class, sandyization soil, reduces the proportional amount of humus of soil, easily causes water and soil stream Losing, permanent plan is very unfavorable；On the other hand using the coating material of stone flour class, stone flour class self has certain thickness, sternly Ghost image rings the real effective content of coated fertilizer, adding nutrition constituents content if improved, certainly will increase the granularity of fertilizer, non- It is often unfavorable for dissolving the fertilising equilibrium problem with fertilizer.

Cellulose is reproducible natural polymer abundant on the earth, and the composition cellulose in nature organism is about Accounting for 40%, cellulose is a kind of natural polymer, has stability and security, to biological non-toxicity and have good biology Intermiscibility.For the cellulose membrane that material is made there is a series of premium properties with cellulose, for example highly hydrophilic, excellent ooze The advantages such as saturating property, band contaminative, resistance to physico-chemical property and heat-resisting quantity are good, it has certain adsorption capacity, particularly in water The compatibility grain of some pollutant higher.

Content of the invention

The present invention, in order to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, utilizes the plant leaf blade with pest-resistant effect to be raw material, by wherein The refinement of cellulose is modified, is finally sprayed on the surface of fertiliser granulates, has absorption and the function of sustained release, particular by following Method realize:

A kind of plantation organic coated fertilizer of loquat, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl is molten Liquid 4 ~ 6, Zinc oxide powder 0.2 ~ 0.4, citric acid 8 ~ 12, rice hull ash 10 ~ 16, ardealite 4 ~ 8, activated carbon 3 ~ 5, bagasse 10 ~ 15th, peanut shell 8 ~ 15, pomelo peel 20 ~ 30, ammonium molybdate 1 ~ 3, magnesium sulfate 6 ~ 10, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20 ~ 30, EM microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, sheep excrement Ball 45 ~ 60, lotus pool mud 5 ~ 10, cellulose homogenate 20 ~ 30 and appropriate water；

Described cellulose homogenate be mixed weight (part) be the fresh Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk 6 ~ 9 of unit, garlic stalk 6 ~ 10, China tree Leaf 10 ~ 15, lemon eucalyptus leaf 8 ~ 12, Chinese honey locust leaf 4 ~ 6, honeysuckle stalk 3 ~ 5, cordate houttuynia 5 ~ 8 and sugarcane top 10 ~ 14,60 ~ 70 Under the conditions of dry, then pulverized 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, and joined with the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 ~ 7 and urinate containing 5 ~ 7wt%NaOH and 3 ~ 5wt% In the mixed solution of element, vibrating dissolving 4 ~ 6h under-10 ~ 0 DEG C of environment, after completing, centrifugal removal is precipitated, and gained is homogenized insulation 2 ~ 6 DEG C standby.

A kind of preparation method planting the organic coated fertilizer of loquat, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) mix bagasse, peanut shell and other following residual components being not directed to, add water to water content 40 ~ 50%, be ground into Slag, inoculation 35 ~ 40 DEG C of heap fermentations of EM microbial inoculum 16 ~ 20 days, after completing, ball milling becomes homogenate；

(2) mixing ammonium molybdate, magnesium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are in reactor, add the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its weight portions, heating stirring Dissolving, being subsequently adding citric acid and stir 30 ~ 40min and be complexed, after completing, mixed active peptide adds to the homogenate described in (1) In, slurry-spraying pelletizing；

(3) dry the fertiliser granulates of described to (2) preparation to water content 5 ~ 10%, keep fertiliser granulates temperature 40 ~ 50 DEG C, then 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution is joined in cellulose homogenate, quickly stir and evenly mix, be sprayed onto the particle surface of fertilizer, after wetting often The lower nature of temperature blots, point 2 ~ 3 sprayings, film forming after completing.

Choose fresh that there is certain pest-resistant action characteristic and the raw material rich in cellulose: Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk, garlic stalk, Folium Meliae, lemon eucalyptus leaf, Chinese honey locust leaf, honeysuckle stalk, cordate houttuynia and sugarcane top；Then the examination that can dissolve cellulose is utilized Agent carries out the dissolution process of cellulose, and cellulose has very strong intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding, and research proves that NaOH's is water-soluble Liquid effectively dissolves the cellulose of low polymerization degree, but the dissolving power of the cellulose bigger to molecular weight is general, but adds a certain amount of Urea or thiocarbamide can dramatically increase the solubility of cellulose, avoid the formation of cellulose gel simultaneously, improve cellulose Film forming characteristics, after dissolving appropriate cellulose, the bigger lignin of particle is separated, and by suitable centrifugal action, makes Lignin component centrifugation is simultaneously removed, and retains the solution containing lysotype cellulose, does not contain only cellulose in this solution Composition, contains the biological effective components of various plant simultaneously, comprises growth activity composition and the insect pest class of beneficial plant growth Alkaloids etc., the main matter owing to stoping cellulose gel to be formed is the material of alkaline NaOH and urea class, now utilizes Certain density acid solution, neutralizes aqueous slkali and the urea being dissolved in solution exchanges so that cellulose solution is gradually Become the gel state containing solvent, finally regenerate out from solution, the mutually entanglement again of the solution containing cellulosic molecule, Assemble and form micellar aggregates, form network.

It herein for the dissolubility increasing cellulose, after first fresh plant leaf blade and stalk etc. being dried, is ground into powder End, reduces solvent solution presasure, uses the urea liquid of 5 ~ 7%NaOH and 3 ~ 5% as solvent, shakes under conditions of-10 ~ 0 DEG C Swinging dissolving, using compartment repeatedly to dissolve, the HCl solution being subsequently adding 4 ~ 6% dissolves the alkali of cellulose as coagulating bath, neutralization And exchange urea, with the increase of cellulose concentration, increasing of unit volume interpolymer molecular amounts, add polymer and divide The density of sub-network, too increases the probability being wound around between the polymer micella of adjacent multiple polymer molecule composition, finally promotees Make cellulose freezing film, experiment discovery, add a certain amount of Zinc oxide powder to be conducive to improving film forming characteristics in coagulating bath, Conjecture is likely due to the effect that Zinc oxide powder serves similar nucleus, have impact on the crystallization yardstick of cellulose.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: this is a kind of planting fruit trees fertilizer rich in organic fermentation material, is not only applicable to Pi The plantation of rake, based on organic fermentation material, reduces the use of inorganic constituents, beneficial soil, this long term growth for fruit tree Plant is particularly suitable, improves the soil organism, promotes the physiologically active of fruit tree, extends the fruit tree time limit, is not susceptible to pest and disease damage, suitable The inorganic nutrients that amount adds also passes through the complexing of citric acid, is conducive to absorbing.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1:

A kind of plantation organic coated fertilizer of loquat, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (Kg): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl is molten Liquid the 5th, Zinc oxide powder the 0.3rd, citric acid the 10th, rice hull ash the 12nd, ardealite the 6th, activated carbon the 4th, bagasse the 13rd, peanut shell the 10th, pomelo peel 24th, ammonium molybdate the 2nd, magnesium sulfate the 7th, potassium dihydrogen phosphate the 26th, EM microbial inoculum the 2nd, sheep excrement ball the 50th, lotus pool mud the 7th, cellulose homogenate 25 and appropriate Water；

Described cellulose homogenate be fresh Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk the 8th, garlic stalk the 8th, Folium Meliae that mixed weight (Kg) is unit the 12nd, Lemon eucalyptus leaf the 10th, Chinese honey locust leaf the 5th, honeysuckle stalk the 4th, cordate houttuynia 7 and sugarcane top 12, dry under the conditions of 60 ~ 70, then pulverize Cross 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, join in the mixed solution containing 5 ~ 7wt%NaOH and 3 ~ 5wt% urea with the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 ~ 7 ,- Vibrating dissolving 4 ~ 6h under 10 ~ 0 DEG C of environment, after completing, centrifugal removal is precipitated, and gained is homogenized insulation 2 ~ 6 DEG C standby.

A kind of preparation method planting the organic coated fertilizer of loquat, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) mix bagasse, peanut shell and other following residual components being not directed to, add water to water content 40 ~ 50%, be ground into Slag, inoculation 35 ~ 40 DEG C of heap fermentations of EM microbial inoculum 16 ~ 20 days, after completing, ball milling becomes homogenate；

(2) mixing ammonium molybdate, magnesium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are in reactor, add the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its weight portions, heating stirring Dissolving, being subsequently adding citric acid and stir 30 ~ 40min and be complexed, after completing, mixed active peptide adds to the homogenate described in (1) In, slurry-spraying pelletizing；

(3) dry the fertiliser granulates of described to (2) preparation to water content 5 ~ 10%, keep fertiliser granulates temperature 40 ~ 50 DEG C, then 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution is joined in cellulose homogenate, quickly stir and evenly mix, be sprayed onto the particle surface of fertilizer, after wetting often The lower nature of temperature blots, point 2 ~ 3 sprayings, film forming after completing.

Use the planting experiment for crops for the fertilizer of the present invention, choose 5 mu of planting loquat regions, respectively use this spring and autumn Once, each every mu of 150 ~ 200Kg, the conventional composite fertilizer of loquat administration of control group replaces the fertilizer of invention, other curing conditions Implementing according to actual conditions with water and fertilizer management, result proves: fertilizer of the present invention substantially meets the fertilizer demand of a year and a day, loquat Growing way is more preferable, economic raising nearly 10%.

Claims (2)

1. the plantation organic coated fertilizer of loquat, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl Solution 4 ~ 6, Zinc oxide powder 0.2 ~ 0.4, citric acid 8 ~ 12, rice hull ash 10 ~ 16, ardealite 4 ~ 8, activated carbon 3 ~ 5, bagasse 10 ~ 15, peanut shell 8 ~ 15, pomelo peel 20 ~ 30, ammonium molybdate 1 ~ 3, magnesium sulfate 6 ~ 10, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20 ~ 30, EM microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, sheep Excrement ball 45 ~ 60, lotus pool mud 5 ~ 10, cellulose homogenate 20 ~ 30 and appropriate water；

Described cellulose homogenate be mixed weight (part) be the fresh Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk 6 ~ 9 of unit, garlic stalk 6 ~ 10, China tree Leaf 10 ~ 15, lemon eucalyptus leaf 8 ~ 12, Chinese honey locust leaf 4 ~ 6, honeysuckle stalk 3 ~ 5, cordate houttuynia 5 ~ 8 and sugarcane top 10 ~ 14,60 ~ 70 Under the conditions of dry, then pulverized 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, and joined with the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 ~ 7 and urinate containing 5 ~ 7wt%NaOH and 3 ~ 5wt% In the mixed solution of element, vibrating dissolving 4 ~ 6h under-10 ~ 0 DEG C of environment, after completing, centrifugal removal is precipitated, and gained is homogenized insulation 2 ~ 6 DEG C standby.

2. a kind of preparation method planting the organic coated fertilizer of loquat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include following Several steps:

(1) mix bagasse, peanut shell and other following residual components being not directed to, add water to water content 40 ~ 50%, be ground into Slag, inoculation 35 ~ 40 DEG C of heap fermentations of EM microbial inoculum 16 ~ 20 days, after completing, ball milling becomes homogenate；

(2) mixing ammonium molybdate, magnesium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are in reactor, add the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its weight portions, heating stirring Dissolving, being subsequently adding citric acid and stir 30 ~ 40min and be complexed, after completing, mixed active peptide adds to the homogenate described in (1) In, slurry-spraying pelletizing；

(3) dry the fertiliser granulates of described to (2) preparation to water content 5 ~ 10%, keep fertiliser granulates temperature 40 ~ 50 DEG C, then 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution is joined in cellulose homogenate, quickly stir and evenly mix, be sprayed onto the particle surface of fertilizer, after wetting often The lower nature of temperature blots, point 2 ~ 3 sprayings, film forming after completing.