CN106083421A - A kind of pomegranate tree plantation sustained release coating fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of pomegranate tree plantation sustained release coating fertilizer and preparation method thereof, be made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution, Zinc oxide powder, boric acid, oyster shell whiting, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, mushroom dreg, epsom salt, silkworm excrement, dry cow dung, Chinese prickly ash seedcake, enzyme agent, bentonite, ground phosphate rock, tealeaf residue, cellulose homogenate and water；Invention have employed more organic fermented ingredient, reduce the use of inorganic chemistry material, common inorganic fertilizer is because inorganic constituents content is few, causing viscosity and coagulability not enough, the particle of final fertilizer is easily broken, and therefore fertilizer also run off too fast, polluted lake, river, the present invention utilizes cellulose to do to be coated, and successfully makes organic fertilizer completely exist for a long time, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer.

Description

A kind of pomegranate tree plantation sustained release coating fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technology field of fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of pomegranate tree plantation sustained release coating fertilizer and Preparation method.

Background technology

Common fertilizer coating has initial sulphur coated urea technology, then has the thermosetting resin coating skill of Japanese characteristics Art, the basis of these resin materials be with polyolefin based on, carry out the height of graft copolymerization formation with adding some organic polymers Polymers, then mix with a certain amount of inorganic mineral stone flour, make coating material, the inorganic mineral stone flour of employing has silicon, sulphur, stone Cream, phosphate, zeolite powder, diatomite, bentonite etc., first the U.S. succeed in developing sulfur coating urea, film layer by bag sulphur layer, Sealant and face powder layer composition, occupy an important position in current sulfur coating sustained release powder；

But shortcoming is obvious: although stone flour class coated fertilizer can improve soil mineral, however it is necessary that the interpolation of chemical organic compounds Could bond, mainly the interpolation of resinae, but the preparation of slow release fertilizer, the bonded adhesive each side used by coating The selection of the ratio in face, addition and species is a problem, the timely supply of control undue influence fertilizer, and it is improper slightly to control, The as easy as rolling off a log cracking of making moist of the coating of stone flour class, sandyization soil, reduces the proportional amount of humus of soil, easily causes water and soil stream Losing, permanent plan is very unfavorable；On the other hand using the coating material of stone flour class, stone flour class self has certain thickness, sternly Ghost image rings the real effective content of coated fertilizer, adding nutrition constituents content if improved, certainly will increase the granularity of fertilizer, non- It is often unfavorable for dissolving the fertilising equilibrium problem with fertilizer.

Cellulose is reproducible natural polymer abundant on the earth, and the composition cellulose in nature organism is about Accounting for 40%, cellulose is a kind of natural polymer, has stability and security, to biological non-toxicity and have good biology Intermiscibility.For the cellulose membrane that material is made there is a series of premium properties with cellulose, for example highly hydrophilic, excellent ooze The advantages such as saturating property, band contaminative, resistance to physico-chemical property and heat-resisting quantity are good, it has certain adsorption capacity, particularly in water The compatibility grain of some pollutant higher.

Content of the invention

The present invention, in order to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, utilizes the plant leaf blade with pest-resistant effect to be raw material, by wherein The refinement of cellulose is modified, is finally sprayed on the surface of fertiliser granulates, has absorption and the function of sustained release, particular by following Method realize:

The organic coated fertilizer of a kind of pomegranate tree plantation, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl Solution 4 ~ 6, Zinc oxide powder 0.2 ~ 0.4, boric acid 6 ~ 10, oyster shell whiting 5 ~ 10, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 20 ~ 26, mushroom dreg 30 ~ 45, seven Water magnesium sulfate 6 ~ 12, silkworm excrement 3 ~ 6, dry cow dung 20 ~ 30, Chinese prickly ash seedcake 25 ~ 40, enzyme agent 2 ~ 3, bentonite 10 ~ 16, ground phosphate rock 8 ~ 12nd, tealeaf residue 15 ~ 20, cellulose homogenate 20 ~ 30 and water.

Described cellulose homogenate be mixed weight (part) be the fresh Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk 6 ~ 9 of unit, garlic stalk 6 ~ 10, Folium Meliae 10 ~ 15, lemon eucalyptus leaf 8 ~ 12, Chinese honey locust leaf 4 ~ 6, honeysuckle stalk 3 ~ 5, cordate houttuynia 5 ~ 8 and sugarcane top 10 ~ 14, Under the conditions of 60 ~ 70 dry, then pulverized 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, with the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 ~ 7 join containing 5 ~ 7wt%NaOH and 3 ~ In the mixed solution of 5wt% urea, vibrating dissolving 4 ~ 6h under-10 ~ 0 DEG C of environment, after completing, centrifugal precipitation of removing, even by gained Slurry insulation 2 ~ 6 DEG C is standby.

The preparation method of a kind of pomegranate tree plantation sustained release coating fertilizer, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) the dry cow dung of mixing, tealeaf residue and other following residual components being not directed to, add water to overall moisture content 40 ~ 50%, powder Being broken into scoriform and inoculating enzyme agent, control temperature 35 ~ 40 DEG C carries out sealing heap fermentation 20 ~ 24 days；

(2) it in a kettle. by the water of boric acid and 5 ~ 8 times of its weight portions, is heated to 70 ~ 80 DEG C of stirring and dissolving, is then sequentially added into Epsom salt and ammonium hydrogen carbonate, insulated and stirred 30 ~ 40min chelates, and adds after completing to the fermentation material described in (1), Ball milling becomes homogenate, is granulated by slurry-spraying pelletizing method；

(3) dry the fertiliser granulates of described to (2) preparation to water content 5 ~ 10%, keep fertiliser granulates temperature 40 ~ 50 DEG C, then 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution is joined in cellulose homogenate, quickly stir and evenly mix, be sprayed onto the particle surface of fertilizer, after wetting often The lower nature of temperature blots, point 2 ~ 3 sprayings, film forming after completing.

Choose fresh that there is certain pest-resistant action characteristic and the raw material rich in cellulose: Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk, garlic stalk, Folium Meliae, lemon eucalyptus leaf, Chinese honey locust leaf, honeysuckle stalk, cordate houttuynia and sugarcane top；Then the examination that can dissolve cellulose is utilized Agent carries out the dissolution process of cellulose, and cellulose has very strong intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding, and research proves that NaOH's is water-soluble Liquid effectively dissolves the cellulose of low polymerization degree, but the dissolving power of the cellulose bigger to molecular weight is general, but adds a certain amount of Urea or thiocarbamide can dramatically increase the solubility of cellulose, avoid the formation of cellulose gel simultaneously, improve cellulose Film forming characteristics, after dissolving appropriate cellulose, the bigger lignin of particle is separated, and by suitable centrifugal action, makes Lignin component centrifugation is simultaneously removed, and retains the solution containing lysotype cellulose, does not contain only cellulose in this solution Composition, contains the biological effective components of various plant simultaneously, comprises growth activity composition and the insect pest class of beneficial plant growth Alkaloids etc., the main matter owing to stoping cellulose gel to be formed is the material of alkaline NaOH and urea class, now utilizes Certain density acid solution, neutralizes aqueous slkali and the urea being dissolved in solution exchanges so that cellulose solution is gradually Become the gel state containing solvent, finally regenerate out from solution, the mutually entanglement again of the solution containing cellulosic molecule, Assemble and form micellar aggregates, form network.

It herein for the dissolubility increasing cellulose, after first fresh plant leaf blade and stalk etc. being dried, is ground into powder End, reduces solvent solution presasure, uses the urea liquid of 5 ~ 7%NaOH and 3 ~ 5% as solvent, shakes under conditions of-10 ~ 0 DEG C Swinging dissolving, using compartment repeatedly to dissolve, the HCl solution being subsequently adding 4 ~ 6% dissolves the alkali of cellulose as coagulating bath, neutralization And exchange urea, with the increase of cellulose concentration, increasing of unit volume interpolymer molecular amounts, add polymer and divide The density of sub-network, too increases the probability being wound around between the polymer micella of adjacent multiple polymer molecule composition, finally promotees Make cellulose freezing film, experiment discovery, add a certain amount of Zinc oxide powder to be conducive to improving film forming characteristics in coagulating bath, Conjecture is likely due to the effect that Zinc oxide powder serves similar nucleus, have impact on the crystallization yardstick of cellulose.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: have employed more organic fermented ingredient in invention, reduces the use of inorganic chemistry material, Common inorganic fertilizer, because inorganic constituents content is few, causes viscosity and coagulability not enough, and the particle of final fertilizer is easily broken, Therefore fertilizer also run off too fast, polluted lake, river, and the present invention utilizes cellulose to do to be coated, successfully make organic fertilizer completely deposit For a long time, improving the utilization rate of fertilizer, the use of less chemical fertilizer is possible to prevent soil compaction, promotes that pomegranate tree is long-term Cultivation result, improves economic well-being of workers and staff.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1:

The organic coated fertilizer of a kind of pomegranate tree plantation, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (Kg): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl The 5th, solution the 5th, Zinc oxide powder the 0.3rd, boric acid the 7th, oyster shell whiting the 8th, ammonium hydrogen carbonate the 22nd, mushroom dreg the 38th, epsom salt the 9th, silkworm excrement is done Cow dung the 26th, Chinese prickly ash seedcake the 27th, enzyme agent the 2nd, bentonite the 12nd, ground phosphate rock the 10th, tealeaf residue the 17th, cellulose homogenate 25 and water.

Described cellulose homogenate is fresh Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk the 8th, garlic stalk the 8th, the China tree that mixed weight (Kg) is unit Leaf the 12nd, lemon eucalyptus leaf the 10th, Chinese honey locust leaf the 5th, honeysuckle stalk the 4th, cordate houttuynia 7 and sugarcane top 12, dry, so under the conditions of 60 ~ 70 After pulverized 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, join the mixed solution containing 5 ~ 7wt%NaOH and 3 ~ 5wt% urea with the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 ~ 7 In, under-10 ~ 0 DEG C of environment, vibrate dissolving 4 ~ 6h, after completing, centrifugal removal is precipitated, and gained is homogenized insulation 2 ~ 6 DEG C standby.

The preparation method of a kind of pomegranate tree plantation sustained release coating fertilizer, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) the dry cow dung of mixing, tealeaf residue and other following residual components being not directed to, add water to overall moisture content 40 ~ 50%, powder Being broken into scoriform and inoculating enzyme agent, control temperature 35 ~ 40 DEG C carries out sealing heap fermentation 20 ~ 24 days；

(2) it in a kettle. by the water of boric acid and 5 ~ 8 times of its weight portions, is heated to 70 ~ 80 DEG C of stirring and dissolving, is then sequentially added into Epsom salt and ammonium hydrogen carbonate, insulated and stirred 30 ~ 40min chelates, and adds after completing to the fermentation material described in (1), Ball milling becomes homogenate, is granulated by slurry-spraying pelletizing method；

(3) dry the fertiliser granulates of described to (2) preparation to water content 5 ~ 10%, keep fertiliser granulates temperature 40 ~ 50 DEG C, then 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution is joined in cellulose homogenate, quickly stir and evenly mix, be sprayed onto the particle surface of fertilizer, after wetting often The lower nature of temperature blots, point 2 ~ 3 sprayings, film forming after completing.

Use the planting experiment for crops for the fertilizer of the present invention, choose 5 mu of pomegranate planting areas, respectively make season in spring and autumn With the fertilizer of the present invention once, each every mu of 150 ~ 200Kg, the conventional composite fertilizer of pomegranate administration of control group replaces, other maintenances Condition and water and fertilizer management are implemented according to actual conditions, and result proves: fertilizer of the present invention can improve utilization rate of fertilizer, improve plantation District's soil fertility, the various aspects of performance of soil is more preferable, protects environment.

Claims (2)

1. a pomegranate tree plants organic coated fertilizer, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 4 ~ 6wt% HCl solution 4 ~ 6, Zinc oxide powder 0.2 ~ 0.4, boric acid 6 ~ 10, oyster shell whiting 5 ~ 10, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 20 ~ 26, mushroom dreg 30 ~ 45, Epsom salt 6 ~ 12, silkworm excrement 3 ~ 6, dry cow dung 20 ~ 30, Chinese prickly ash seedcake 25 ~ 40, enzyme agent 2 ~ 3, bentonite 10 ~ 16, ground phosphate rock 8 ~ 12, tealeaf residue 15 ~ 20, cellulose homogenate 20 ~ 30 and water；

Described cellulose homogenate be mixed weight (part) be the fresh Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk 6 ~ 9 of unit, garlic stalk 6 ~ 10, China tree Leaf 10 ~ 15, lemon eucalyptus leaf 8 ~ 12, Chinese honey locust leaf 4 ~ 6, honeysuckle stalk 3 ~ 5, cordate houttuynia 5 ~ 8 and sugarcane top 10 ~ 14,60 ~ 70 Under the conditions of dry, then pulverized 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, and joined with the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 ~ 7 and urinate containing 5 ~ 7wt%NaOH and 3 ~ 5wt% In the mixed solution of element, vibrating dissolving 4 ~ 6h under-10 ~ 0 DEG C of environment, after completing, centrifugal removal is precipitated, and gained is homogenized insulation 2 ~ 6 DEG C standby.

2. according to claim 1 a kind of pomegranate tree plantation sustained release coating fertilizer preparation method, it is characterised in that include with Under several steps:

(1) the dry cow dung of mixing, tealeaf residue and other following residual components being not directed to, add water to overall moisture content 40 ~ 50%, powder Being broken into scoriform and inoculating enzyme agent, control temperature 35 ~ 40 DEG C carries out sealing heap fermentation 20 ~ 24 days；

(2) it in a kettle. by the water of boric acid and 5 ~ 8 times of its weight portions, is heated to 70 ~ 80 DEG C of stirring and dissolving, is then sequentially added into Epsom salt and ammonium hydrogen carbonate, insulated and stirred 30 ~ 40min chelates, and adds after completing to the fermentation material described in (1), Ball milling becomes homogenate, is granulated by slurry-spraying pelletizing method；

(3) dry the fertiliser granulates of described to (2) preparation to water content 5 ~ 10%, keep fertiliser granulates temperature 40 ~ 50 DEG C, then 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution is joined in cellulose homogenate, quickly stir and evenly mix, be sprayed onto the particle surface of fertilizer, after wetting often The lower nature of temperature blots, point 2 ~ 3 sprayings, film forming after completing.