CN106083419A - A kind of coated cellulose fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of coated cellulose fertilizer and preparation method thereof, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution, Zinc oxide powder, peat, potassium sulfate, sepiolite, broomcorn straw, vinasse, shitosan, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, potassium permanganate, alginic acid, line borate, cellulose homogenate and water；Use the cellulose components extracting in plant leaf blade, packaging technique for fertilizer, the weakening of solvent between by control cellulose, cause cellulose formation wrapped around one another network, the plant homogenates that will be enriched in cellulose is mixed into film watery hydrochloric acid, is sprayed onto the surface of fertiliser granulates, and the process of intensification is conducive to the formation of cellulose membrane, belong to natural membrane material, there is excellent slow-release function.

Description

A kind of coated cellulose fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technology field of fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of coated cellulose fertilizer and preparation side thereof Method.

Background technology

Common fertilizer coating has initial sulphur coated urea technology, then has the thermosetting resin coating skill of Japanese characteristics Art, the basis of these resin materials be with polyolefin based on, carry out the height of graft copolymerization formation with adding some organic polymers Polymers, then mix with a certain amount of inorganic mineral stone flour, make coating material, the inorganic mineral stone flour of employing has silicon, sulphur, stone Cream, phosphate, zeolite powder, diatomite, bentonite etc., first the U.S. succeed in developing sulfur coating urea, film layer by bag sulphur layer, Sealant and face powder layer composition, occupy an important position in current sulfur coating sustained release powder；

But shortcoming is obvious: although stone flour class coated fertilizer can improve soil mineral, however it is necessary that the interpolation of chemical organic compounds Could bond, mainly the interpolation of resinae, but the preparation of slow release fertilizer, the bonded adhesive each side used by coating The selection of the ratio in face, addition and species is a problem, the timely supply of control undue influence fertilizer, and it is improper slightly to control, The as easy as rolling off a log cracking of making moist of the coating of stone flour class, sandyization soil, reduces the proportional amount of humus of soil, easily causes water and soil stream Losing, permanent plan is very unfavorable；On the other hand using the coating material of stone flour class, stone flour class self has certain thickness, sternly Ghost image rings the real effective content of coated fertilizer, adding nutrition constituents content if improved, certainly will increase the granularity of fertilizer, non- It is often unfavorable for dissolving the fertilising equilibrium problem with fertilizer.

Cellulose is reproducible natural polymer abundant on the earth, and the composition cellulose in nature organism is about Accounting for 40%, cellulose is a kind of natural polymer, has stability and security, to biological non-toxicity and have good biology Intermiscibility.For the cellulose membrane that material is made there is a series of premium properties with cellulose, for example highly hydrophilic, excellent ooze The advantages such as saturating property, band contaminative, resistance to physico-chemical property and heat-resisting quantity are good, it has certain adsorption capacity, particularly in water The compatibility grain of some pollutant higher.

Content of the invention

The present invention, in order to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, utilizes the plant leaf blade with pest-resistant effect to be raw material, by wherein The refinement of cellulose is modified, is finally sprayed on the surface of fertiliser granulates, has absorption and the function of sustained release, particular by following Method realize:

A kind of coated cellulose fertilizer, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution 4 ~ 6, Zinc oxide powder 0.2 ~ 0.4, peat 10 ~ 15, potassium sulfate 15 ~ 20, sepiolite 15 ~ 20, broomcorn straw 25 ~ 30, vinasse 6 ~ 10, shell Glycan 2 ~ 3, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 20 ~ 25, potassium permanganate 8 ~ 12, alginic acid 4 ~ 7, line borate 6 ~ 10, cellulose homogenate 20 ~ 30 and water 70 ~90；

Described cellulose homogenate be mixed weight (part) be the fresh Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk 6 ~ 9 of unit, garlic stalk 6 ~ 10, China tree Leaf 10 ~ 15, lemon eucalyptus leaf 8 ~ 12, Chinese honey locust leaf 4 ~ 6, honeysuckle stalk 3 ~ 5, cordate houttuynia 5 ~ 8 and sugarcane top 10 ~ 14,60 ~ 70 Under the conditions of dry, then pulverized 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, and joined with the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 ~ 7 and urinate containing 5 ~ 7wt%NaOH and 3 ~ 5wt% In the mixed solution of element, vibrating dissolving 4 ~ 6h under-10 ~ 0 DEG C of environment, after completing, centrifugal removal is precipitated, and gained is homogenized insulation 2 ~ 6 DEG C standby.

The preparation method of a kind of coated cellulose fertilizer, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) broomcorn straw is deposited in retting 10 ~ 15 days in fermentation vat, dries after completing, after mixing with peat and vinasse, pulverize Become pulvis；

(2) being placed in rotary kiln by sepiolite, high temperature 900 ~ 1050 DEG C calcining 30 ~ 45min obtains grog, is broken into 60 ~ 80 mesh The powder of sieve, mixes with the pulvis described in (1), as fertilizer carrier；

(3) in reactor, heat water to 60 ~ 70 DEG C, then size according to quantity be sequentially added into ammonium hydrogen carbonate, potassium sulfate and Its following residue being not directed to becomes, and stirring and dissolving successively is eventually adding the carrier described in (2), and insulated and stirred becomes homogenate, by spray Slurry granulation；

(4) dry the fertiliser granulates of described to (3) preparation to water content 5 ~ 10%, keep fertiliser granulates temperature 40 ~ 50 DEG C, then 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution is joined in cellulose homogenate, quickly stir and evenly mix, be sprayed onto the particle surface of fertilizer, after wetting often The lower nature of temperature blots, point 2 ~ 3 sprayings, film forming after completing.

Choose fresh that there is certain pest-resistant action characteristic and the raw material rich in cellulose: Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk, garlic stalk, Folium Meliae, lemon eucalyptus leaf, Chinese honey locust leaf, honeysuckle stalk, cordate houttuynia and sugarcane top；Then the examination that can dissolve cellulose is utilized Agent carries out the dissolution process of cellulose, and cellulose has very strong intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding, and research proves that NaOH's is water-soluble Liquid effectively dissolves the cellulose of low polymerization degree, but the dissolving power of the cellulose bigger to molecular weight is general, but adds a certain amount of Urea or thiocarbamide can dramatically increase the solubility of cellulose, avoid the formation of cellulose gel simultaneously, improve cellulose Film forming characteristics, after dissolving appropriate cellulose, the bigger lignin of particle is separated, and by suitable centrifugal action, makes Lignin component centrifugation is simultaneously removed, and retains the solution containing lysotype cellulose, does not contain only cellulose in this solution Composition, contains the biological effective components of various plant simultaneously, comprises growth activity composition and the insect pest class of beneficial plant growth Alkaloids etc., the main matter owing to stoping cellulose gel to be formed is the material of alkaline NaOH and urea class, now utilizes Certain density acid solution, neutralizes aqueous slkali and the urea being dissolved in solution exchanges so that cellulose solution is gradually Become the gel state containing solvent, finally regenerate out from solution, the mutually entanglement again of the solution containing cellulosic molecule, Assemble and form micellar aggregates, form network.

It herein for the dissolubility increasing cellulose, after first fresh plant leaf blade and stalk etc. being dried, is ground into powder End, reduces solvent solution presasure, uses the urea liquid of 5 ~ 7%NaOH and 3 ~ 5% as solvent, shakes under conditions of-10 ~ 0 DEG C Swinging dissolving, using compartment repeatedly to dissolve, the HCl solution being subsequently adding 4 ~ 6% dissolves the alkali of cellulose as coagulating bath, neutralization And exchange urea, with the increase of cellulose concentration, increasing of unit volume interpolymer molecular amounts, add polymer and divide The density of sub-network, too increases the probability being wound around between the polymer micella of adjacent multiple polymer molecule composition, finally promotees Make cellulose freezing film, experiment discovery, add a certain amount of Zinc oxide powder to be conducive to improving film forming characteristics in coagulating bath, Conjecture is likely due to the effect that Zinc oxide powder serves similar nucleus, have impact on the crystallization yardstick of cellulose.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention uses the cellulose components extracting in plant leaf blade, for the coating of fertilizer Technology, by controlling the weakening of solvent between cellulose, causes cellulose formation wrapped around one another network, after granulation of fertilizer, passes through Drum hot-air seasoning fertiliser granulates, makes the water content of fertilizer reduce, and keeps suitable temperature conditions, then will be enriched in cellulose Plant homogenates is mixed into film watery hydrochloric acid, is sprayed onto the surface of fertiliser granulates, and the process of intensification is conducive to the formation of cellulose membrane, The fertiliser granulates being simultaneously dried is hygroscopic, causes homogenate dehydration, and cellulose concentration raises, and accelerates film forming, belongs to natural film material Material, has excellent slow-release function.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1:

A kind of coated cellulose fertilizer, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (Kg): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution the 5th, oxygen Change zinc powder the 0.3rd, peat the 12nd, potassium sulfate the 18th, sepiolite the 16th, broomcorn straw the 28th, vinasse the 8th, shitosan the 2nd, ammonium hydrogen carbonate the 24th, Gao Meng Acid potassium the 10th, alginic acid the 5th, line borate the 7th, cellulose homogenate 25 and water 85；

Described cellulose homogenate be fresh Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk the 8th, garlic stalk the 8th, Folium Meliae that mixed weight (Kg) is unit the 12nd, Lemon eucalyptus leaf the 10th, Chinese honey locust leaf the 5th, honeysuckle stalk the 4th, cordate houttuynia 7 and sugarcane top 12, dry under the conditions of 60 ~ 70, then pulverize Cross 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, join in the mixed solution containing 5 ~ 7wt%NaOH and 3 ~ 5wt% urea with the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 ~ 7 ,- Vibrating dissolving 4 ~ 6h under 10 ~ 0 DEG C of environment, after completing, centrifugal removal is precipitated, and gained is homogenized insulation 2 ~ 6 DEG C standby.

The preparation method of a kind of coated cellulose fertilizer, it is characterised in that include following step:

(1) broomcorn straw is deposited in retting 10 ~ 15 days in fermentation vat, dries after completing, after mixing with peat and vinasse, pulverize Become pulvis；

(2) being placed in rotary kiln by sepiolite, high temperature 900 ~ 1050 DEG C calcining 30 ~ 45min obtains grog, is broken into 60 ~ 80 mesh The powder of sieve, mixes with the pulvis described in (1), as fertilizer carrier；

(3) in reactor, heat water to 60 ~ 70 DEG C, then size according to quantity be sequentially added into ammonium hydrogen carbonate, potassium sulfate and Its following residue being not directed to becomes, and stirring and dissolving successively is eventually adding the carrier described in (2), and insulated and stirred becomes homogenate, by spray Slurry granulation；

(4) dry the fertiliser granulates of described to (3) preparation to water content 5 ~ 10%, keep fertiliser granulates temperature 40 ~ 50 DEG C, then 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution is joined in cellulose homogenate, quickly stir and evenly mix, be sprayed onto the particle surface of fertilizer, after wetting often The lower nature of temperature blots, point 2 ~ 3 sprayings, film forming after completing.

Use the planting experiment for crops for the fertilizer of the present invention, choose 5 mu of rice terraces, in complete growth cycle Interval the uses present invention fertilizer twice, each every mu of 150 ~ 200Kg, control group paddy field application by throwing them routine composite fertilizer's generation Replacing, other curing conditions and water and fertilizer management are implemented according to actual conditions, and result proves: fertilizer of the present invention can improve fertilizer utilization Rate, reduces environmental pollution, economizes on fertilizer.

Claims (2)

1. a coated cellulose fertilizer, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following weight (part): 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution 4 ~ 6th, Zinc oxide powder 0.2 ~ 0.4, peat 10 ~ 15, potassium sulfate 15 ~ 20, sepiolite 15 ~ 20, broomcorn straw 25 ~ 30, vinasse 6 ~ 10, Shitosan 2 ~ 3, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 20 ~ 25, potassium permanganate 8 ~ 12, alginic acid 4 ~ 7, line borate 6 ~ 10, cellulose homogenate 20 ~ 30 and water 70~90；

Described cellulose homogenate be mixed weight (part) be the fresh Dalmatian chrysanthemum stalk 6 ~ 9 of unit, garlic stalk 6 ~ 10, China tree Leaf 10 ~ 15, lemon eucalyptus leaf 8 ~ 12, Chinese honey locust leaf 4 ~ 6, honeysuckle stalk 3 ~ 5, cordate houttuynia 5 ~ 8 and sugarcane top 10 ~ 14,60 ~ 70 Under the conditions of dry, then pulverized 80 ~ 100 mesh sieves, and joined with the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 ~ 7 and urinate containing 5 ~ 7wt%NaOH and 3 ~ 5wt% In the mixed solution of element, vibrating dissolving 4 ~ 6h under-10 ~ 0 DEG C of environment, after completing, centrifugal removal is precipitated, and gained is homogenized insulation 2 ~ 6 DEG C standby.

2. the preparation method of a kind of coated cellulose fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include following step Rapid:

(1) broomcorn straw is deposited in retting 10 ~ 15 days in fermentation vat, dries after completing, after mixing with peat and vinasse, pulverize Become pulvis；

(2) being placed in rotary kiln by sepiolite, high temperature 900 ~ 1050 DEG C calcining 30 ~ 45min obtains grog, is broken into 60 ~ 80 mesh The powder of sieve, mixes with the pulvis described in (1), as fertilizer carrier；

(3) in reactor, heat water to 60 ~ 70 DEG C, then size according to quantity be sequentially added into ammonium hydrogen carbonate, potassium sulfate and Its following residue being not directed to becomes, and stirring and dissolving successively is eventually adding the carrier described in (2), and insulated and stirred becomes homogenate, by spray Slurry granulation；

(4) dry the fertiliser granulates of described to (3) preparation to water content 5 ~ 10%, keep fertiliser granulates temperature 40 ~ 50 DEG C, then 4 ~ 6wt%HCl solution is joined in cellulose homogenate, quickly stir and evenly mix, be sprayed onto the particle surface of fertilizer, after wetting often The lower nature of temperature blots, point 2 ~ 3 sprayings, film forming after completing.