CN104860779A - Soil improvement type fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil improvement type fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The soil improvement type fertilizer is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of straw, 20-35 parts of cottonseed hull, 6-12 parts of dolomite powder, 5-10 parts of saw dust, 15-20 parts of 1 mol/L sodium hydroxide, 25-40 parts of peat soil, 10-15 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 12-17 parts of potassium nitrate, 4-7 parts of potassium permanganate, 8-12 parts of calcium superphosphate, 15-20 parts of urea, 4-5 parts of a binding agent and a suitable amount of water. The preparation method comprises the steps of: soaking materials which are frequently used in life such as the straw and the cottonseed hull in an alkaline mode to soften the succulent part of the plants; then ball-grinding the succulent plants until cellulose structure is separated from the succulent part; carbonizing the part with relatively big particles so as to generate a carbonization structure well; rotting the succulent part for soil improvement. Therefore, the soil agglomeration effect is improved, and the capabilities of water retention and fertilizer maintenance are improved; the carbonized rough active carbon similar components are firstly combined with crushed inorganic chemical nutrients, so that slow-release effect is improved through close contact, and loss caused by water washing can be prevented.

Description

A kind of soil improvement type fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of soil improvement type fertilizer and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Coated fertilizer is also known as coated fertilizer, film fertilizer.The fertilizer of quick-acting chemical fertilizer granule is wrapped up with semipermeability or opacity film substrate.Filmogen has plastics, resin, paraffin, polyethylene and elementary sulfur etc., and the object of coating is that the available nutrient of coated fertilizer the inside after being manured into soil is discharged, lentamente to extend fertilizer efficiency.Rate of release is decided by coating kind, thickness, particle diameter, fertilizer solvability, the soil moisture, soil moisture content and soil microbial activities etc.Be applicable to that economic worth is high, breeding time is long, fertilizer requirement is large but the crop of inconvenient split application, and nutrient is easy to that the temperature of leaching loss is high, area of heavy rainfull or irrigation region, especially on the sand loam soil that quality is light.

The coating agent of the fertilizer that our company produces is made up of two portions mostly, a part is stone flour class base-material, another part is binding agent, some pore-forming materials may be added, as organic pore-forming agents starch, agar, jelly powder, sodium alginate etc., also have inorganic pore-forming material as urea, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate etc., after decomposes, leave multi-hole type surface, ventilative, circulation, is convenient to discharge inner nutrient.

Stone flour class base-material is mostly by vermiculite power, limestone powder, cement, terra alba, lime powder, starch, quartz powder etc., effect is to provide stable support, ensure internal loose structure, disperse after being conducive to fertilizer cracking evenly, be unlikely to clustering phenomena, can prevent fertilizer to make moist caking in addition, be unfavorable for fertilising, in addition to the above, stone flour is the comprehensive inorganic mixture of the elements such as a kind of calcium-magnesium-containing mostly, also have and improve soil property, the effect of keeping soil from packing together.

Another kind of is binding agent, mainly the emulsion part of resin monomer polymeric part and oils, tensio-active agent and stone flour composition is composite forms, here be resene monomer styrene solution, utilized the dissolve with ethanol after dilution before this, then linking agent ethylene glycol dimethacrylate crosslinking polymerization is added together, it is to be noted that styrene monomer should not expose in atmosphere for a long time; Second is mixing sodium lauryl sulphate, tea tree oil, Zinc Gluconate and water, while oil and water are wrapped to form profit multipolymer by surfactant sodium lauryl sulphate by Zinc Gluconate admixture wherein, make emulsion, carry out composite with aforesaid thin polymeric solution, finally make the binding agent with bond effect, be characterized in intimate pollution-free, bond effect is good, suitable controlled release concentration and the release speed of the adjustable fertilizer of membrane wrapping thickness in soil.

Summary of the invention

A kind of soil improvement type fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: straw 20 ~ 30, cotton seed hulls 20 ~ 35, ground dolomite 6 ~ 12, wood chip 5 ~ 10,1mol/L sodium hydroxide 15 ~ 20, peat soil 25 ~ 40, monoammonium phosphate 10 ~ 15, saltpetre 12 ~ 17, potassium permanganate 4 ~ 7, calcium superphosphate 8 ~ 12, urea 15 ~ 20, binding agent 4 ~ 5 and appropriate water;

Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: BDO 1 ~ 3, vinylbenzene 8 ~ 12, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 1 ~ 3, ethanol 5 ~ 8, sodium lauryl sulphate 2 ~ 4, tea tree oil 10 ~ 12, Zinc Gluconate 15 ~ 20 and appropriate water; Preparation method is: ethanol, in agitator, is joined the dilution with water of 8 ~ 10 times by (1), then under rotating speed 300 ~ 500r/min condition, adds vinylbenzene and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate successively, stirs 10 ~ 15min and is polymerized; (2) in reaction cylinder, mixing sodium lauryl sulphate, tea tree oil and Zinc Gluconate, be blended into the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its total weight parts, stirs and disperse 20 ~ 30min one-tenth emulsion; (3) mix (1) (2) products therefroms, add BDO simultaneously, stir under 200 ~ 400r/min condition 30 ~ 50min composite after and get final product.

A preparation method for soil improvement type fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises following step:

(1) mix straw, cotton seed hulls and wood chip, the water and the immersion of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution 8 ~ 10h, the ball milling 30 ~ 40min that add 2 ~ 3 times of its weight parts become homogenate, centrifugal rear removal supernatant, obtain lower sediment and are divided into the cotton-shaped part of bottom particulate fraction and top layer;

(2) described to (1) bottom particulate fraction is dried to obtain pulvis, under air-proof condition, put into charring furnace, temperature 600 ~ 700 DEG C carries out heating charing 5 ~ 8h, obtains carbonizing production after being cooled to room temperature;

(3) powder mix is broken into the monoammonium phosphate of pulvis, saltpetre, potassium permanganate, calcium superphosphate and urea, adds the carbonizing production described in (2), rolling stirring 15 ~ 25min mixing;

(4) by cotton-shaped part mixing peat soil, ground dolomite, binding agent and other remaining component described in (1); be added in (3) described mixture; continue rolling and stir about 20min, finally adjust water content about 35%, make the particle of 4 ~ 5mm particle diameter in disk pelletizing machine.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is the straw will commonly used in life, the materials such as cotton seed hulls carry out alkalescence and soak, the pulp of its plant softening, be milled to cellulosic structure to be again separated with pulp, the part that particle is larger is used for charing, carbonized structure can well be produced, and pulp can rot after for improving soil property, improve soil conglomeration effect, improve water conservation, fertilizer-preserving ability, and the rough similar gac composition of charing, inorganic chemistry nutriment first after pulverizing is combined, close contact improves slow release effect, can prevent from causing loss because water washes away.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

A kind of soil improvement type fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (Kg): straw 30, cotton seed hulls 35, ground dolomite 8, wood chip 9,1mol/L sodium hydroxide 15, peat soil 30, monoammonium phosphate 10, saltpetre 15, potassium permanganate 7, calcium superphosphate 8, urea 18, binding agent 4 and appropriate water;

Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: BDO 2, vinylbenzene 10, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 1, ethanol 5, sodium lauryl sulphate 2, tea tree oil 12, Zinc Gluconate 16 and appropriate water; Preparation method is: ethanol, in agitator, is joined the dilution with water of 8 ~ 10 times by (1), then under rotating speed 300 ~ 500r/min condition, adds vinylbenzene and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate successively, stirs 10 ~ 15min and is polymerized; (2) in reaction cylinder, mixing sodium lauryl sulphate, tea tree oil and Zinc Gluconate, be blended into the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its total weight parts, stirs and disperse 20 ~ 30min one-tenth emulsion; (3) mix (1) (2) products therefroms, add BDO simultaneously, stir under 200 ~ 400r/min condition 30 ~ 50min composite after and get final product.

A preparation method for soil improvement type fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprises following step:

(1) mix straw, cotton seed hulls and wood chip, the water and the immersion of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution 8 ~ 10h, the ball milling 30 ~ 40min that add 2 ~ 3 times of its weight parts become homogenate, centrifugal rear removal supernatant, obtain lower sediment and are divided into the cotton-shaped part of bottom particulate fraction and top layer;

(2) described to (1) bottom particulate fraction is dried to obtain pulvis, under air-proof condition, put into charring furnace, temperature 600 ~ 700 DEG C carries out heating charing 5 ~ 8h, obtains carbonizing production after being cooled to room temperature;

(3) powder mix is broken into the monoammonium phosphate of pulvis, saltpetre, potassium permanganate, calcium superphosphate and urea, adds the carbonizing production described in (2), rolling stirring 15 ~ 25min mixing;

(4) by cotton-shaped part mixing peat soil, ground dolomite, binding agent and other remaining component described in (1); be added in (3) described mixture; continue rolling and stir about 20min, finally adjust water content about 35%, make the particle of 4 ~ 5mm particle diameter in disk pelletizing machine.

Soil improvement type fertilizer of the present invention is used for plant common agricultural experiment; select 5 mu of planting bases; use fertilizer of the present invention; as experimental group; common fertilizer is executed in 5 mu of bases of control group routinely planting requirement; other condition is identical; experiment proves, when the farm crop of experimental group plantation reach equal agricultural output again, greatly reduces Fertilizer application amount; raw material is easy to get simultaneously; raw materials cost is lower, saves labour, protection of the environment; the organic gum level of soil obviously promotes, on year-on-year basis economic raising 18.3%.

Claims (2)

1. a soil improvement type fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: straw 20 ~ 30, cotton seed hulls 20 ~ 35, ground dolomite 6 ~ 12, wood chip 5 ~ 10,1mol/L sodium hydroxide 15 ~ 20, peat soil 25 ~ 40, monoammonium phosphate 10 ~ 15, saltpetre 12 ~ 17, potassium permanganate 4 ~ 7, calcium superphosphate 8 ~ 12, urea 15 ~ 20, binding agent 4 ~ 5 and appropriate water;

Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: BDO 1 ~ 3, vinylbenzene 8 ~ 12, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 1 ~ 3, ethanol 5 ~ 8, sodium lauryl sulphate 2 ~ 4, tea tree oil 10 ~ 12, Zinc Gluconate 15 ~ 20 and appropriate water; Preparation method is: ethanol, in agitator, is joined the dilution with water of 8 ~ 10 times by (1), then under rotating speed 300 ~ 500r/min condition, adds vinylbenzene and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate successively, stirs 10 ~ 15min and is polymerized; (2) in reaction cylinder, mixing sodium lauryl sulphate, tea tree oil and Zinc Gluconate, be blended into the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its total weight parts, stirs and disperse 20 ~ 30min one-tenth emulsion; (3) mix (1) (2) products therefroms, add BDO simultaneously, stir under 200 ~ 400r/min condition 30 ~ 50min composite after and get final product.

2. the preparation method of a kind of soil improvement type fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise following step:

(1) mix straw, cotton seed hulls and wood chip, the water and the immersion of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution 8 ~ 10h, the ball milling 30 ~ 40min that add 2 ~ 3 times of its weight parts become homogenate, centrifugal rear removal supernatant, obtain lower sediment and are divided into the cotton-shaped part of bottom particulate fraction and top layer;

(2) described to (1) bottom particulate fraction is dried to obtain pulvis, under air-proof condition, put into charring furnace, temperature 600 ~ 700 DEG C carries out heating charing 5 ~ 8h, obtains carbonizing production after being cooled to room temperature;

(3) powder mix is broken into the monoammonium phosphate of pulvis, saltpetre, potassium permanganate, calcium superphosphate and urea, adds the carbonizing production described in (2), rolling stirring 15 ~ 25min mixing;

(4) by cotton-shaped part mixing peat soil, ground dolomite, binding agent and other remaining component described in (1); be added in (3) described mixture; continue rolling and stir about 20min, finally adjust water content about 35%, make the particle of 4 ~ 5mm particle diameter in disk pelletizing machine.