CN109731897A - The method of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal - Google Patents
The method of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN109731897A CN109731897A CN201910067994.1A CN201910067994A CN109731897A CN 109731897 A CN109731897 A CN 109731897A CN 201910067994 A CN201910067994 A CN 201910067994A CN 109731897 A CN109731897 A CN 109731897A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, include the following steps: to apply humic acid；Contaminated soil pre-treatment step: will be by the soil breaking of heavy metal pollution, screening, removing coarse grain sundries, contaminated soil partial size after screening is less than 2mm, charcoal is crossed to the nylon mesh that aperture is 0.18mm after crushed, charcoal is added into the contaminated soil after screening, adding proportion is the charcoal that every 100kg contaminated soil adds 1kg, obtains pretreatment soil；Compound leacheate preparation steps；Rinsing step；Soil post-processing: soil surface after the completion of S4 applies the ecological organic fertilier of 1~2cm thickness, interplants rice, wheat, corn, and all biomass of aerial part are gathered in after plant maturation, carries out straw-returning；S6, the leacheate post-processing containing heavy metal.The invention has the following advantages: eluent is carried out compound, the removal rate of heavy metal can be improved using the collaboration promotion functions between elution mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, belong to remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil neck
Domain.
Background technique
At present during economic society high speed development, mining, smelting, plating, coal burning and agricultural high-effiency production
Heavy metal pollution of soil is caused to aggravate etc. violent mankind's activity.2017, national Soil Pollution Investigation bulletin data were aobvious
Show, the investigation point in the representative regions such as polluted enterprises land used, Industrial Wasteland, industrial park and minery, heavy metal is super
Mark rate is more than 35%.Heavy metal pollution of soil is wide with pollution range, pollutes concealment, duration length, irreversibility, danger
The features such as evil is big, soil is once contaminated, and will affect growth and development and the quality of agricultural product of plant, additionally it is possible to pass through food chain
Transmitting is enriched in vivo, causes great threat to human health.
Summary of the invention
According to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is one of in order to solve the above problem,
A kind of method of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal is provided.
A kind of method of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, which comprises the steps of:
S1, apply humic acid: applying the humic acid of 1.5~4cm thickness on the surface of heavy-metal contaminated soil, by pollution
The soil of the thickness of 15~25cm below upper soll layer is uniformly mixed with the humic acid by turning over, and is reacted 8~20 days；
S2, contaminated soil pre-treatment step: will be by the soil breaking of heavy metal pollution, screening, removing coarse grain sundries, screening
Contaminated soil partial size afterwards is less than 2mm, charcoal is crossed to the nylon mesh that aperture is 0.18mm after crushed, to the pollution after screening
Charcoal is added in soil, adding proportion is the charcoal that every 100kg contaminated soil adds 1kg, obtains pretreatment soil；
S3, compound leacheate preparation steps: compound leacheate is made of host agent, adjuvant and deionized water, and the host agent is
Citric acid, the adjuvant are Tea Saponin, and host agent and adjuvant are add to deionized water, and stirring to abundant dissolution obtains described
Compound leacheate, compound leacheate are deionized waters in mass ratio: host agent: adjuvant=100:2.0~3.6:13~20 be blended and
At；
S4, rinsing step: the compound leacheate prepared in pretreatment soil obtained in S2 and S3 is added to reactor
Interior, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the pretreatment soil and the compound leacheate is that 1:4~12 are stirred at room temperature with 150 revs/min
60~120min of reaction is mixed, by rotary screen by mud-water separation, oversize is containing weight as soil backfill up to standard, screenings is handled
The leacheate of metal；
S5, soil post-processing: soil surface after the completion of S4 applies the ecological organic fertilier of 1~2cm thickness, with soil table
Layer or less 20~30cm thickness Soil tillage after mixing, interplant rice, wheat, corn, after plant maturation gather on the ground
Partial all biomass carry out straw-returning；
S6, the leacheate post-processing containing heavy metal:
(1) pH is adjusted: taking the leacheate 1L containing heavy metal, NaOH solution is added in leacheate, adjust pH to 8.0-
9.0；
(2) it mixes: heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent, heavy metal-polluted water process medicine being added into 1 acquired solution of above-mentioned steps
The additive amount of agent is the 0.04%-0.08% of leacheate weight, quickly stirs 15s, then mixes slowly 20min, stops stirring,
Stratification 20min filters and removes gained precipitating, collects clear liquid；
The heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent, it includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: 40~50 parts of ferric sulfate, poly- silicon sulfuric acid
20~40 parts of aluminium, 30-40 parts of barium sulphide, 10~15 parts of calcium hydroxide, 10~15 parts of active carbon, 6~10 parts of cellulose, lithopone
5~8 parts, 2~8 parts of highly basic, 15~25 parts of surfactant, 12~20 parts of antirust agent, 30~40 parts of clear water；
The leacheate containing heavy metal contains copper ion 50-105mg/L, zinc ion 5-10mg/L, lead ion 3.5-
5mg/L。
The extraction of humic acid includes the following steps: that peat used in extracted humic acid is picked up from Liaoning Zhangwu in the step S1
County removes the sundries such as rubble, plant roots, leaf, milled 1mm sieve after being air-dried at room temperature, and the extraction of humic acid uses low-concentration hydrogen
Sodium oxide molybdena method weighs the peat samples 100g after grinding sieving and is put into the narrow-mouthed bottle for being connected with nitrogen, by volume peat: hydrochloric acid
0.05mol/L hydrochloric acid is added in=1: 8 adding proportion, after being sufficiently stirred, extracts 13h, draws supernatant liquor, washes 3 times, by body
Product is than peat: sodium hydroxide=1: 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide is added in 8 adding proportion, and intermittent stirring extracts 15h, then plus
Enter sodium sulfate crystal, stirring to sodium sulphate is completely dissolved, and is stood for 24 hours, is drawn supernatant liquor, repeats above-mentioned 0.1mol/L hydroxide
Sodium solution extraction process, until alkali extracting solution paler colour；Alkali extracting solution is centrifugated, supernatant adds hydrochloric acid to be adjusted to pH
For 1.0-1.5, it is made to generate brown flocculent deposit, stands for 24 hours, be centrifuged to obtain gel humic acid, the centrifuge separation
Revolving speed be 2000r/min, centrifugation time 10min, will centrifugation gained humic acid gel be added hydrochloric acid-hydrogen fluoride solution in,
20h is vibrated, is changed liquid 2 times, humic acid must be purified after freeze-drying, the hydrochloric acid-hydrogen fluoride solution is hydrochloric acid, the 0.5mL of 0.5mL
The mixed solution of the water of hydrogen fluoride and 99mL.
Ecological organic fertilier described in the step S5 includes the raw material of following parts by weight: yeast waste liquor concentrate: 20-30
Part, 15-30 parts of potassium nitrate, 10-20 parts of urea, 50-70 parts of silkworm excrement, 2-8 parts of boric acid, 5-10 parts of Sodium Aescinate, spirulina 2-7
Part, 5-10 parts of caffeic acid, 2-8 parts of citrus fruit fibres, 10-15 parts of ursolic acid, 5-10 parts of loguat leaf powder, 1-5 parts of probiotics, industry one
5-10 parts of ammonium, 3-10 parts of suspending agent, 2-5 parts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium zinc salt.
The specific procedure of processing of the ecological organic fertilier are as follows:
A1: prepare raw material: preparing appropriate required raw material as required；
A2: yeast waste liquor concentrate, suspending agent is added: the yeast waste liquor concentration of the amount is added into dispersion tank equipment
Liquid, suspending agent；
A3: dispersion machine is opened and with 800--1000 revs/min of speed rotation dispersion；
A4: dispersion machine is closed to after being in uniform shape after yeast waste liquor concentrate；
A5: surplus stock is mixed and is divided into three parts of addition group material；
A6: a addition group material in A5 is taken to add in dispersion tank equipment；
A7: dispersion machine is opened and with 1200--1500 revs/min of speed rotation dispersion；
A8: continue to repeat S6 step after flowing shape object in tank in uniform shape；
A9: dispersion machine is closed after flowing shape object in tank in uniform shape；
A10: it completes working in dispersion, be packed and stored.
The heavy metal is copper, lead and zinc.
The specific steps of straw-returning in the step S5 are as follows: first by rice straw 1000/3kg, wheat stalk 1000/
3kg and corn stover 1000/3kg, which is crushed, to be mixed, in mass ratio stalk: inoculation microbial inoculum: urea: magnesium sulfate=100: 1: 1: 1
10kg inoculation microbial inoculum, 10kg urea and 10kg magnesium sulfate is added in adding proportion, detailed process: stalk is laid in ground, every liter
At high 20 centimetres, a little inoculation microbial inoculum, urea and magnesium sulfate are spread respectively on its surface and adjusts composting material after mixing
Then moisture content is piled 1.2 meters of cone, tramples tight, surface plastic covering film, each processing repetition to 65%
3 times, stacking time is 40 days, during entirely banking up, measures compost after banking up 10 days, 20 days, 25 days, 30 days and 35 days
Central temperature, turning prevent the excessively high inhibition microbial activities of temperature, and moisture is promoted to scatter and disappear as early as possible.
The inoculation microbial inoculum includes high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria and high temperature lignin fungi.
The heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent, it includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: 46 parts of ferric sulfate, polymeric aluminum sulfate silicate 32
Part, 38 parts of barium sulphide, 13 parts of calcium hydroxide, 12 parts of active carbon, 8 parts of cellulose, 7 parts of lithopone, 6 parts of highly basic, surfactant
19 parts, 18 parts of antirust agent, 36 parts of clear water；
The leacheate containing heavy metal contains copper ion 88mg/L, zinc ion 8.5mg/L, lead ion 4.6mg/L.
The reactor includes mixed liquor conveying device, medicament storage tank, medicament delivery pipe, blending tank, stirring motor, stirs
Blade, delivery pump, mixed liquor delivery pipe, wash tub pipe and flooding nozzle are mixed, medicament storage tank is connected to mixed by medicament delivery pipe
Tank is closed, is provided with mixed liquor conveying device in medicament delivery pipe, stirring blade and wash tub pipe, flushing water are set in blending tank
Flooding nozzle is provided on pipe, stirring blade is connected by power with stirring motor, and the entrance of delivery pump is connected to the interior bottom of blending tank
Portion, the outlet of delivery pump are provided with mixed liquor delivery pipe, and wash tub pipe is horizontally disposed with positioned at the bottom of blending tank, flooding nozzle
Opening direction is upward.
The mixed liquor conveying device include mounting plate, double head type oil cylinder, connecting rod A, connecting rod B, piston rod A, piston rod B,
Cylinder body A, cylinder body B, piston A, piston B, inlet one-way valve A, inlet one-way valve B, Outlet check valves A and Outlet check valves B, installation
The surface of plate is fixed with cylinder body A, cylinder body B, double head type oil cylinder, cylinder body A, cylinder body B mirror settings, is provided with piston A in cylinder body A,
One end of piston rod A passes through cylinder body A connection piston A, and the other end of piston rod A is vertically connected with connecting rod A, and the bottom cylinder body A has
Inlet and liquid outlet, the space between inlet, liquid outlet and cylinder body A, piston A are connected to, and are equipped with entrance list on inlet
To valve A, Outlet check valves A is installed on liquid outlet, inlet one-way valve A is connect with medicament storage tank, Outlet check valves A and flushing water
Pipe connects, and piston B is provided in cylinder body B, and one end of piston rod B passes through cylinder body B connection piston B, and the other end of piston rod B is vertical
It is connected with connecting rod B, the bottom cylinder body B has inlet and liquid outlet, the space between inlet, liquid outlet and cylinder body B, piston B
It is connected to, inlet one-way valve B is installed on inlet, Outlet check valves B is installed on liquid outlet, inlet one-way valve B and medicament store up
Tank connection, Outlet check valves B are connect with wash tub pipe, and one end of double head type oil cylinder has First piston bar, double head type oil cylinder
The other end has second piston bar, and First piston bar is arranged in parallel with piston rod A, and second piston bar is arranged in parallel with piston rod B,
First piston bar is vertical with the other end of connecting rod A to be connect, and second piston bar is vertical with the other end of connecting rod B to be connect.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1, the effect of the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal of the present invention, compound elution is better than single elution, this
Be since wash-off mechanism of each eluent to heavy metal is different, eluent is carried out it is compound, using between elution mechanism
Collaboration promotion functions can be improved the removal rate of heavy metal.Citric acid is a kind of organic acid, and the parsing to heavy metal includes acid
Molten effect and chelation.General organic acid all contains multiple ligands, and chelation is even stronger than when in conjunction with heavy metal
The molten effect of acid.Tea Saponin is a kind of natural nonionic surfactant, and the analytic function to heavy metal also includes two aspects,
On the one hand it is the complex with free state in solution, is on the other hand to be attracted to soil particle surface, to change
Become solid liquid interface property, heavy metal is made to be detached from soil particle.In general, compound elution is good to Cu, Pb and Zn removal effect.And
Economical and environmental-friendly, biology is degradable.2, the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal of the present invention, ecological organic fertilier with
Yeast waste liquor concentrate is carrier, elements and the appropriate suspending agents such as nitrogen, potassium is added, and make after high speed dispersion by dispersion machine
At nutritional ingredient is more complete on the whole for the fertilizer, in addition, using auxiliary ingredients to be repeatedly added, stir in batches during fabrication and ferment
The mode of female waste liquid concentrate fusion carries out repeatedly a small amount of involvement, and the fusion uniformity is high, and reaction is abundant；It when in use can be quick
Be absorbed by crops, phenomena such as dispersion effect is good.Ecological organic fertilier can quickly supplement soil organism nutrient, stimulate root of the crop
System's growth, enhances the resistance of crop, reduces the generation of crop nutritional deficiency disease, and then improve agricultural product kind, improves yield.3, originally
The method of the invention restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, reactor include mixed liquor conveying device, medicament storage tank, medicament conveying
Pipe, blending tank, stirring motor, stirring blade, delivery pump, mixed liquor delivery pipe, wash tub pipe and flooding nozzle, structure is simple,
Hybrid reaction effect is good.4, soil resistance is larger, generally mix with liquid conveying device provide pressure it is smaller, soil can not be penetrated, will
Mixed liquor is sufficiently mixed with soil, this mixed liquor conveying device includes mounting plate, double head type oil cylinder, connecting rod A, connecting rod B, piston rod
A, piston rod B, cylinder body A, cylinder body B, piston A, piston B, inlet one-way valve A, inlet one-way valve B, Outlet check valves A and outlet are single
To valve B, mixed liquor and soil can be sufficiently mixed.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of reactor；
Fig. 2 is the structure enlargement diagram of mixed liquor conveying device,
In figure: 1, mixed liquor conveying device 1.1, mounting plate 1.2, double head type oil cylinder 1.3, connecting rod A 1.4, connecting rod B
1.5, piston rod A 1.6, piston rod B 1.7, cylinder body A 1.8, cylinder body B 1.9, piston A 1.10, piston B 1.11, entrance list
It is defeated to valve A 1.12, inlet one-way valve B 1.13, Outlet check valves A 1.14, Outlet check valves B 2, medicament storage tank 3, medicament
Send pipe 4, blending tank 5, stirring motor 6, stirring blade 7, delivery pump 8, mixed liquor delivery pipe 9, wash tub pipe 10, punching
Wash nozzle.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing:
Below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not to limit the present invention, all in the present invention
Within spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
A kind of method of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, which comprises the steps of:
S1, apply humic acid: applying the humic acid of 1.5~4cm thickness on the surface of heavy-metal contaminated soil, by pollution
The soil of the thickness of 15~25cm below upper soll layer is uniformly mixed with the humic acid by turning over, and is reacted 8~20 days；
S2, contaminated soil pre-treatment step: will be by the soil breaking of heavy metal pollution, screening, removing coarse grain sundries, screening
Contaminated soil partial size afterwards is less than 2mm, charcoal is crossed to the nylon mesh that aperture is 0.18mm after crushed, to the pollution after screening
Charcoal is added in soil, adding proportion is the charcoal that every 100kg contaminated soil adds 1kg, obtains pretreatment soil；
S3, compound leacheate preparation steps: compound leacheate is made of host agent, adjuvant and deionized water, and the host agent is
Citric acid, the adjuvant are Tea Saponin, and host agent and adjuvant are add to deionized water, and stirring to abundant dissolution obtains described
Compound leacheate, compound leacheate are deionized waters in mass ratio: host agent: adjuvant=100:2.0~3.6:13~20 be blended and
At；
S4, rinsing step: the compound leacheate prepared in pretreatment soil obtained in S2 and S3 is added to reactor
Interior, the solid-liquid mass ratio of the pretreatment soil and the compound leacheate is that 1:4~12 are stirred at room temperature with 150 revs/min
60~120min of reaction is mixed, by rotary screen by mud-water separation, oversize is containing weight as soil backfill up to standard, screenings is handled
The leacheate of metal；
S5, soil post-processing: soil surface after the completion of S4 applies the ecological organic fertilier of 1~2cm thickness, with soil table
Layer or less 20~30cm thickness Soil tillage after mixing, interplant rice, wheat, corn, after plant maturation gather on the ground
Partial all biomass carry out straw-returning；
S6, the leacheate post-processing containing heavy metal:
(1) pH is adjusted: taking the leacheate 1L containing heavy metal, NaOH solution is added in leacheate, adjust pH to 8.0-
9.0；
(2) it mixes: heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent, heavy metal-polluted water process medicine being added into 1 acquired solution of above-mentioned steps
The additive amount of agent is the 0.04%-0.08% of leacheate weight, quickly stirs 15s, then mixes slowly 20min, stops stirring,
Stratification 20min filters and removes gained precipitating, collects clear liquid；
The heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent, it includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: the heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent,
It includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: 46 parts of ferric sulfate, 32 parts of polymeric aluminum sulfate silicate, 38 parts of barium sulphide, 13 parts of calcium hydroxide, activity
12 parts of charcoal, 8 parts of cellulose, 7 parts of lithopone, 6 parts of highly basic, 19 parts of surfactant, 18 parts of antirust agent, 36 parts of clear water；
The leacheate containing heavy metal contains copper ion 88mg/L, zinc ion 8.5mg/L, lead ion 4.6mg/L.
The extraction of humic acid includes the following steps: that peat used in extracted humic acid is picked up from Liaoning Zhangwu in the step S1
County removes the sundries such as rubble, plant roots, leaf, milled 1mm sieve after being air-dried at room temperature, and the extraction of humic acid uses low-concentration hydrogen
Sodium oxide molybdena method weighs the peat samples 100g after grinding sieving and is put into the narrow-mouthed bottle for being connected with nitrogen, by volume peat: hydrochloric acid
0.05mol/L hydrochloric acid is added in=1: 8 adding proportion, after being sufficiently stirred, extracts 13h, draws supernatant liquor, washes 3 times, by body
Product is than peat: sodium hydroxide=1: 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide is added in 8 adding proportion, and intermittent stirring extracts 15h, then plus
Enter sodium sulfate crystal, stirring to sodium sulphate is completely dissolved, and is stood for 24 hours, is drawn supernatant liquor, repeats above-mentioned 0.1mol/L hydroxide
Sodium solution extraction process, until alkali extracting solution paler colour；Alkali extracting solution is centrifugated, supernatant adds hydrochloric acid to be adjusted to pH
For 1.0-1.5, it is made to generate brown flocculent deposit, stands for 24 hours, be centrifuged to obtain gel humic acid, the centrifuge separation
Revolving speed be 2000r/min, centrifugation time 10min, will centrifugation gained humic acid gel be added hydrochloric acid-hydrogen fluoride solution in,
20h is vibrated, is changed liquid 2 times, humic acid must be purified after freeze-drying, the hydrochloric acid-hydrogen fluoride solution is hydrochloric acid, the 0.5mL of 0.5mL
The mixed solution of the water of hydrogen fluoride and 99mL.
Ecological organic fertilier described in the step S5 includes the raw material of following parts by weight: yeast waste liquor concentrate: 28 parts,
25 parts of potassium nitrate, 18 parts of urea, 65 parts of silkworm excrement, 7 parts of boric acid, 8 parts of Sodium Aescinate, 6 parts of spirulina, 8 parts of caffeic acid, citrus are fine
4 parts of dimension, 12 parts of ursolic acid, 7 parts of loguat leaf powder, 5 parts of probiotics, industrial 10 parts of monoammonium, 10 parts of suspending agent, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid two
4 parts of sodium zinc.
The specific procedure of processing of the ecological organic fertilier are as follows:
A1: prepare raw material: preparing appropriate required raw material as required；
A2: yeast waste liquor concentrate, suspending agent is added: the yeast waste liquor concentration of the amount is added into dispersion tank equipment
Liquid, suspending agent；
A3: dispersion machine is opened and with 800--1000 revs/min of speed rotation dispersion；
A4: dispersion machine is closed to after being in uniform shape after yeast waste liquor concentrate；
A5: surplus stock is mixed and is divided into three parts of addition group material；
A6: a addition group material in A5 is taken to add in dispersion tank equipment；
A7: dispersion machine is opened and with 1200--1500 revs/min of speed rotation dispersion；
A8: continue to repeat S6 step after flowing shape object in tank in uniform shape；
A9: dispersion machine is closed after flowing shape object in tank in uniform shape；
A10: it completes working in dispersion, be packed and stored.
The heavy metal is copper, lead and zinc.
The specific steps of straw-returning in the step S5 are as follows: first by rice straw 1000/3kg, wheat stalk 1000/
3kg and corn stover 1000/3kg, which is crushed, to be mixed, in mass ratio stalk: inoculation microbial inoculum: urea: magnesium sulfate=100: 1: 1: 1
10kg inoculation microbial inoculum, 10kg urea and 10kg magnesium sulfate is added in adding proportion, detailed process: stalk is laid in ground, every liter
At high 20 centimetres, a little inoculation microbial inoculum, urea and magnesium sulfate are spread respectively on its surface and adjusts composting material after mixing
Then moisture content is piled 1.2 meters of cone, tramples tight, surface plastic covering film, each processing repetition to 65%
3 times, stacking time is 40 days, during entirely banking up, measures compost after banking up 10 days, 20 days, 25 days, 30 days and 35 days
Central temperature, turning prevent the excessively high inhibition microbial activities of temperature, and moisture is promoted to scatter and disappear as early as possible.
The inoculation microbial inoculum includes high temperature cellulose-decomposting bacteria and high temperature lignin fungi.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figs. 1-2, the reactor, including mixed liquor conveying device 1, medicament storage tank 2, medicament delivery pipe 3, mixing
Tank 4, stirring motor 5, stirring blade 6, delivery pump 7, mixed liquor delivery pipe 8, wash tub pipe 9 and flooding nozzle 10, medicament storage tank 2
It is connected to blending tank 4 by medicament delivery pipe 3, mixed liquor conveying device 1 is provided in medicament delivery pipe 3, is set in blending tank 4
Stirring blade 6 and wash tub pipe 9 are set, flooding nozzle 10 is provided on wash tub pipe 9, stirring blade 6 and 5 power of stirring motor connect
It connects, the entrance of delivery pump 7 is connected to the interior bottom of blending tank 4, and the outlet of delivery pump 7 is provided with mixed liquor delivery pipe 8, flushing water
The horizontally disposed bottom positioned at blending tank 4 of pipe 9, the opening direction of flooding nozzle 10 is upward.
In the present embodiment, the mixed liquor conveying device 1 includes mounting plate 1.1, double head type oil cylinder 1.2, connecting rod A1.3, connects
Bar B1.4, piston rod A1.5, piston rod B1.6, cylinder body A1.7, cylinder body B1.8, piston A1.9, piston B1.10, inlet one-way valve
A1.11, inlet one-way valve B1.12, Outlet check valves A1.13 and Outlet check valves B1.14, the surface of mounting plate 1.1 are fixed with
Cylinder body A1.7, cylinder body B1.8, double head type oil cylinder 1.2, cylinder body A1.7, cylinder body B1.8 mirror settings are provided with work in cylinder body A1.7
A1.9 is filled in, one end of piston rod A1.5 passes through cylinder body A1.7 connection piston A1.9, and the other end of piston rod A1.5 is vertically connected with
Connecting rod A1.3, the bottom cylinder body A1.7 has inlet and liquid outlet, between inlet, liquid outlet and cylinder body A1.7, piston A1.9
Space connection, inlet one-way valve A1.11 is installed on inlet, Outlet check valves A1.13, entrance list are installed on liquid outlet
It is connect to valve A1.11 with medicament storage tank 2, Outlet check valves A1.13 is connect with wash tub pipe 9, is provided with piston in cylinder body B1.8
One end of B1.10, piston rod B1.6 pass through cylinder body B1.8 connection piston B1.10, and the other end of piston rod B1.6 is vertically connected with
Connecting rod B1.4, the bottom cylinder body B1.8 has inlet and liquid outlet, between inlet, liquid outlet and cylinder body B1.8, piston B1.10
Space connection, inlet one-way valve B1.12 is installed on inlet, Outlet check valves B1.14, entrance list are installed on liquid outlet
It is connect to valve B1.12 with medicament storage tank 2, Outlet check valves B1.14 is connect with wash tub pipe 9, one end tool of double head type oil cylinder 1.2
There is First piston bar, the other end of double head type oil cylinder 1.2 has second piston bar, and First piston bar is parallel with piston rod A1.5 to be set
It sets, second piston bar is arranged in parallel with piston rod B1.6, and First piston bar is vertical with the other end of connecting rod A1.3 to be connect, and second is living
Stopper rod is vertical with the other end of connecting rod B1.4 to be connect.
Embodiment three
Soil remediation is carried out using a kind of method of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal described in embodiment one, wherein heavy metal
The removal rate of Cu, Pb and Zn respectively reach 86%, 96% and 89%.
Basic principles and main features and advantages of the present invention of the invention have been shown and described above.The skill of the industry
Art personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, the above embodiments and description only describe
The principle of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these
Changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and
Its equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal, which comprises the steps of:
S1, apply humic acid: applying the humic acid of 1.5~4cm thickness on the surface of heavy-metal contaminated soil, by contaminated soil
The soil of the thickness of 15~25cm below surface layer is uniformly mixed with the humic acid by turning over, and is reacted 8~20 days；
S2, contaminated soil pre-treatment step: by by the soil breaking of heavy metal pollution, screening, remove coarse grain sundries, after screening
Contaminated soil partial size is less than 2mm, charcoal is crossed to the nylon mesh that aperture is 0.18mm after crushed, to the contaminated soil after screening
Interior addition charcoal, adding proportion are the charcoal that every 100kg contaminated soil adds 1kg, obtain pretreatment soil；
S3, compound leacheate preparation steps: compound leacheate is made of host agent, adjuvant and deionized water, and the host agent is lemon
Acid, the adjuvant are Tea Saponin, and host agent and adjuvant are add to deionized water, and stirring obtains described compound to abundant dissolution
Leacheate, compound leacheate are deionized waters in mass ratio: host agent: adjuvant=100:2.0~3.6:13~20 are blended；
S4, rinsing step: the compound leacheate prepared in pretreatment soil obtained in S2 and S3 is added in reactor, institute
The solid-liquid mass ratio for stating pretreatment soil and the compound leacheate is that 1:4~12 are stirred to react at room temperature with 150 revs/min
60~120min, by rotary screen by mud-water separation, oversize is containing heavy metal as soil backfill up to standard, screenings is handled
Leacheate；
S5, soil post-processing: soil surface after the completion of S4 applies the ecological organic fertilier of 1~2cm thickness, with upper soll layer with
The Soil tillage of lower 20~30cm thickness after mixing, interplants rice, wheat, corn, aerial part is gathered in after plant maturation
All biomass, carry out straw-returning；
S6, the leacheate post-processing containing heavy metal:
(1) pH is adjusted: taking the leacheate 1L containing heavy metal, NaOH solution is added in leacheate, adjust pH to 8.0-9.0；
(2) it mixes: heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent being added into 1 acquired solution of above-mentioned steps, heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent
Additive amount is the 0.04%-0.08% of leacheate weight, quickly stirs 15s, then mixes slowly 20min, stops stirring, is stood
It is layered 20min, filters and removes gained precipitating, collect clear liquid；
The heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent, it includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: 40~50 parts of ferric sulfate, polymeric aluminum sulfate silicate 20
~40 parts, 30-40 parts of barium sulphide, 10~15 parts of calcium hydroxide, 10~15 parts of active carbon, 6~10 parts of cellulose, lithopone 5~8
Part, 2~8 parts of highly basic, 15~25 parts of surfactant, 12~20 parts of antirust agent, 30~40 parts of clear water；
The leacheate containing heavy metal contains copper ion 50-105mg/L, zinc ion 5-10mg/L, lead ion 3.5-5mg/L.
2. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: humic acid in the step S1
Extraction includes the following steps: that peat used in extracted humic acid is picked up from Liaoning Zhangwu County, after being air-dried at room temperature, removes rubble, plants
The sundries such as object root, leaf, milled 1mm sieve, the extraction of humic acid use low-concentration sodium hydroxide method, weigh the mud after grinding sieving
Charcoal sample 100g is put into the narrow-mouthed bottle for being connected with nitrogen, by volume peat: hydrochloric acid=1: 0.05mol/ is added in 8 adding proportion
L hydrochloric acid after being sufficiently stirred, extracts 13h, draws supernatant liquor, washes 3 times, peat by volume: sodium hydroxide=1: 8 add
Add ratio that 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide is added, intermittent stirring extracts 15h, and sodium sulfate crystal is then added, and stirs complete to sodium sulphate
Fully dissolved stands for 24 hours, draws supernatant liquor, repeat above-mentioned 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution extraction process, until alkali extracting solution
Until paler colour；Alkali extracting solution is centrifugated, it is 1.0-1.5 that supernatant, which adds hydrochloric acid to be adjusted to pH, so that it is generated brown cotton-shaped
Precipitating is stood for 24 hours, is centrifuged to obtain gel humic acid, and the revolving speed of the centrifuge separation is 2000r/min, centrifugation time
For 10min, centrifugation gained humic acid gel is added in hydrochloric acid-hydrogen fluoride solution, 20h is vibrated, changes liquid 2 times, after freeze-drying
Humic acid must be purified, the mixing of the water of hydrochloric acid, 0.5mL hydrogen fluoride and 99mL that the hydrochloric acid-hydrogen fluoride solution is 0.5mL is molten
Liquid.
3. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: ecology described in the step S5
Organic fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight: yeast waste liquor concentrate: 20-30 parts, 15-30 parts of potassium nitrate, urea 10-20
Part, 50-70 parts of silkworm excrement, 2-8 parts of boric acid, 5-10 parts of Sodium Aescinate, 2-7 parts of spirulina, 5-10 parts of caffeic acid, citrus fruit fibres 2-
8 parts, 10-15 parts of ursolic acid, 5-10 parts of loguat leaf powder, 1-5 parts of probiotics, industrial 5-10 parts of monoammonium, 3-10 parts of suspending agent, second two
2-5 parts of amine tetraacethyl disodium zinc.
4. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the ecological organic fertilier it is specific
Procedure of processing are as follows:
A1: prepare raw material: preparing appropriate required raw material as required；
A2: yeast waste liquor concentrate, suspending agent is added: the yeast waste liquor concentrate of the amount is added into dispersion tank equipment, hangs
Floating agent；
A3: dispersion machine is opened and with 800--1000 revs/min of speed rotation dispersion；
A4: dispersion machine is closed to after being in uniform shape after yeast waste liquor concentrate；
A5: surplus stock is mixed and is divided into three parts of addition group material；
A6: a addition group material in A5 is taken to add in dispersion tank equipment；
A7: dispersion machine is opened and with 1200--1500 revs/min of speed rotation dispersion；
A8: continue to repeat S6 step after flowing shape object in tank in uniform shape；
A9: dispersion machine is closed after flowing shape object in tank in uniform shape；
A10: it completes working in dispersion, be packed and stored.
5. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heavy metal be copper, lead and
Zinc.
6. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the tool of straw-returning in step S5
Body step are as follows: rice straw 1000/3kg, wheat stalk 1000/3kg and corn stover 1000/3kg are crushed mix first, pressed
Quality is than stalk: inoculation microbial inoculum: urea: magnesium sulfate=100: 1: 1: 1 adding proportion is added 10kg and is inoculated with microbial inoculum, 10kg urea
With 10kg magnesium sulfate, detailed process: being laid in ground for stalk, every when increasing 20 centimetres, spreads a little inoculation respectively on its surface
Microbial inoculum, urea and magnesium sulfate adjust the moisture content of composting material to 65%, are then piled 1.2 meters of circle after mixing
Cone is trampled tightly, and surface plastic covering film, each processing is repeated 3 times, and stacking time is 40 days, is entirely banking up process
In, compost central temperature is measured after banking up 10 days, 20 days, 25 days, 30 days and 35 days, turning prevents temperature is excessively high from inhibiting micro-
Biological activity promotes moisture to scatter and disappear as early as possible.
7. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: inoculation microbial inoculum includes high temperature fiber
Plain decomposer and high temperature lignin fungi.
8. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heavy metal-polluted water process medicine
Agent, it includes the raw materials of following parts by weight: 46 parts of ferric sulfate, 32 parts of polymeric aluminum sulfate silicate, 38 parts of barium sulphide, 13 parts of calcium hydroxide,
12 parts of active carbon, 8 parts of cellulose, 7 parts of lithopone, 6 parts of highly basic, 19 parts of surfactant, 18 parts of antirust agent, 36 parts of clear water；
The leacheate containing heavy metal contains copper ion 88mg/L, zinc ion 8.5mg/L, lead ion 4.6mg/L.
9. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the reactor includes mixed liquor
Conveying device (1), medicament storage tank (2), medicament delivery pipe (3), blending tank (4), stirring motor (5), stirring blade (6), conveying
(7), mixed liquor delivery pipe (8), wash tub pipe (9) and flooding nozzle (10) are pumped, medicament storage tank (2) passes through medicament delivery pipe (3)
It is connected to blending tank (4), mixed liquor conveying device (1) is provided in medicament delivery pipe (3), the setting stirring in blending tank (4)
Blade (6) and wash tub pipe (9) are provided with flooding nozzle (10) on wash tub pipe (9), stirring blade (6) and stirring motor (5)
It is connected by power, the entrance of delivery pump (7) is connected to the interior bottom of blending tank (4), and it is defeated that the outlet of delivery pump (7) is provided with mixed liquor
It send pipe (8), the horizontally disposed bottom positioned at blending tank (4) of wash tub pipe (9), the opening direction of flooding nozzle (10) is upward.
10. the method for restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that: the mixed liquor conveying device
It (1) include mounting plate (1.1), double head type oil cylinder (1.2), connecting rod A (1.3), connecting rod B (1.4), piston rod A (1.5), piston rod B
(1.6), cylinder body A (1.7), cylinder body B (1.8), piston A (1.9), piston B (1.10), inlet one-way valve A (1.11), entrance are unidirectional
Valve B (1.12), Outlet check valves A (1.13) and Outlet check valves B (1.14), the surface of mounting plate (1.1) are fixed with cylinder body A
(1.7), cylinder body B (1.8), double head type oil cylinder (1.2), cylinder body A (1.7), cylinder body B (1.8) mirror settings, cylinder body A (1.7) is interior to be set
It is equipped with piston A (1.9), one end of piston rod A (1.5) passes through cylinder body A (1.7) connection piston A (1.9), piston rod A's (1.5)
The other end is vertically connected with connecting rod A (1.3), and (1.7) bottom cylinder body A has inlet and liquid outlet, inlet, liquid outlet and cylinder
Space between body A (1.7), piston A (1.9) is connected to, and is equipped with inlet one-way valve A (1.11) on inlet, is pacified on liquid outlet
Equipped with Outlet check valves A (1.13), inlet one-way valve A (1.11) is connect with medicament storage tank (2), Outlet check valves A (1.13) with
Wash tub pipe (9) connection, cylinder body B (1.8) is interior to be provided with piston B (1.10), and one end of piston rod B (1.6) passes through cylinder body B
(1.8) piston B (1.10) are connected, the other end of piston rod B (1.6) is vertically connected with connecting rod B (1.4), cylinder body B (1.8) bottom
With inlet and liquid outlet, the space between inlet, liquid outlet and cylinder body B (1.8), piston B (1.10) is connected to, inlet
On be equipped with inlet one-way valve B (1.12), be equipped on liquid outlet Outlet check valves B (1.14), inlet one-way valve B (1.12) with
Medicament storage tank (2) connection, Outlet check valves B (1.14) are connect with wash tub pipe (9), and one end of double head type oil cylinder (1.2) has
The other end of First piston bar, double head type oil cylinder (1.2) has second piston bar, and First piston bar is parallel with piston rod A (1.5)
Setting, second piston bar are arranged in parallel with piston rod B (1.6), and First piston bar is vertical with the other end of connecting rod A (1.3) to be connect,
Second piston bar is vertical with the other end of connecting rod B (1.4) to be connect.
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