CN114744409A - Ten-fold frequency-range dual-polarized strong-coupling phased array antenna loaded by resistive material - Google Patents
Ten-fold frequency-range dual-polarized strong-coupling phased array antenna loaded by resistive material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114744409A CN114744409A CN202210384772.4A CN202210384772A CN114744409A CN 114744409 A CN114744409 A CN 114744409A CN 202210384772 A CN202210384772 A CN 202210384772A CN 114744409 A CN114744409 A CN 114744409A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/004—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective using superconducting materials or magnetised substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
- H01Q5/25—Ultra-wideband [UWB] systems, e.g. multiple resonance systems; Pulse systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ten-fold frequency-range dual-polarized strong-coupling phased array antenna loaded by resistive materials, which comprises a double-layer super-material wide-angle impedance matching layer, a strong-coupling dipole, a feed balun, an interdigital resistive frequency selection surface, a feed impedance gradient layer and an array edge resonance circuit. The dipole and the feed balun are integrated into a whole, a double-layer metamaterial wide-angle impedance matching layer is loaded at the top, an interdigital resistive frequency selection surface is loaded at the lower part of the dipole and the feed balun simultaneously, and the main body of the dipole is in a hollow square ring shape; the array edge is loaded with an array edge resonant circuit which is composed of a lumped resistor, a lumped capacitor and a lumped inductor. According to the invention, by loading the double-layer metamaterial wide-angle impedance matching layer, the interdigital resistive frequency selection surface and the array edge resonance circuit, the improvement on the performance of the unit and the array is realized, and the physical characteristics of low section and modularization and excellent radiation performances such as ultra wide band and wide scanning angle are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antenna engineering, and particularly relates to a ten-fold frequency-range dual-polarized strong-coupling phased array antenna loaded by a resistive material.
Background
The antenna is the most front-end and key component in a wireless system, and mainly plays a role in converting energy of guided waves and electromagnetic waves in free space, so that the antenna can transmit and receive the electromagnetic waves. Among many antenna systems, phased array antennas are widely used in the fields of radar, communication and electronic countermeasure due to their beam rapid change capability, multi-beam scanning capability, spatial signal power synthesis capability, and the like. The phased array antenna uses an active solid receiving and transmitting component to carry out electronic control on the excitation amplitude and the phase of each antenna unit, and the phased array antenna can realize advanced electronic communication functions of fast beam scanning, comprehensive beam forming, high-precision tracking, self-adaption anti-interference and the like by the aid of the mature electronic regulation and control technology. In order to further improve the signal resolution and the data transmission capacity in wireless communication, a phased array antenna with an ultra-wide working band has become a necessary development trend, and meanwhile, a multifunctional system needs radar antenna equipment to be miniaturized, integrated and low-cost to meet strategic requirements of mass preparation and adapt to more complex strategic environments in the future, so that a systematic design idea for realizing the ultra-wide band phased array antenna is sought, and a phased array antenna which is provided with broadband impedance matching, high integration and miniaturization and is constructed at the same time has a vital significance for future civil communication systems and multifunctional military platforms.
In view of the above, a form of antenna for enhancing the coupling between array elements and utilizing the coupling, i.e. a strong coupling antenna, has been developed. Through strong capacitive coupling among the cells, the antenna not only reduces the transverse and longitudinal dimensions of the cells, but also achieves the characteristic of wider bandwidth than the traditional broadband antenna. Meanwhile, on the basis of the strong coupling unit, the performance of the antenna in all aspects is further improved by the loading of the novel metamaterial. For example, in chinese patent No. cn202010161851.x, "strong coupling ultra wide band phased array antenna based on interdigital resistive surface loading", an interdigital resistive surface is loaded to widen the operating band of the antenna, but the wide-angle impedance matching layer of the antenna is still too thick and heavy due to the metamaterial structure, which is not favorable for practical application of the antenna. In a Chinese patent with application number CN 202011240737.2, namely an ultralow-profile low-scattering ultra-wideband phased array loaded based on an electromagnetic metamaterial, the surface of the metamaterial plays a role in obviously reducing the cross polarization RCS of the phased array antenna, so that the stealth performance is improved, but the bandwidth of the antenna is limited. In an article "Dual-Linear Polarized Phased Array with 9:1Bandwidth and 60 ° Scanning off Broadside" published in the journal IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Propagation in the field of antennas in 2019, the author adopts a form of a strong coupling Antenna to realize a 9-octave ultra-wide band, but the Antenna has poor performance in large-angle Scanning of an H surface.
The above patents and articles all contribute to the form of the strongly coupled antenna and the loading of the metamaterial, but there is still room for improvement in the antenna performance. The research on the novel antenna structure is carried out to obtain the technical index of the antenna with higher performance, thereby having very important practical engineering significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the ten-fold frequency-range dual-polarized strong-coupling phased array antenna loaded by the resistive material solves the problems of narrow antenna bandwidth, high section and small scanning angle in the conventional phased array antenna.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a ten-fold frequency-range dual-polarization strong-coupling phased array antenna loaded by resistive materials comprises a double-layer metamaterial wide-angle impedance matching layer (1), a strong-coupling dipole, a feed balun (2), an interdigital resistive frequency selection surface (3), a feed impedance gradient layer (4) and an array edge resonant circuit (5).
The double-layer metamaterial wide-angle impedance matching layer (1) is divided into an upper-layer elliptical split ring structure (101) and a lower-layer concentric split ring structure (102) and is respectively printed on two sides of a dielectric substrate with the thickness of 3mm and the dielectric constant of 2.2; the upper-layer elliptical split-ring structure (101) improves the E-plane scanning performance of the antenna in the dual-polarization direction by enhancing the E-plane current coupling in the horizontal and vertical polarization directions; the lower concentric circle split-ring structure (102) improves the H-plane scanning performance of the antenna in the dual-polarization direction by enhancing the H-plane current coupling in the horizontal and vertical polarization directions.
Furthermore, the strong coupling dipole and the feed balun (2) are integrated on the same dielectric substrate and comprise a horizontal polarization unit (201), a vertical polarization unit (202) and a feed balun (203), the tail ends of the horizontal polarization unit (201) and the vertical polarization unit (202) are provided with grooves, so that the mutual insertion is realized, and meanwhile, the tail ends of the dipoles are provided with grounding branches to eliminate common mode resonance possibly generated in a band; the feed balun (203) adopts a double-Y-shaped balun, realizes the conversion from unbalanced feed provided by the coaxial connector to balanced feed, and bears partial impedance conversion function.
Furthermore, the feed impedance gradient layer (4) comprises a horizontal polarization gradient line (401), a vertical polarization gradient line (402) and a balun grounding patch (403), wherein the horizontal polarization gradient line (401) and the vertical polarization gradient line (402) are both required to be electrically connected with a front feeder line of the feed balun (203), and the balun grounding patch (403) is required to be electrically connected with a back grounding plate of the feed balun (203);
furthermore, the interdigital resistive frequency selection surface (3) is made of special plates, resistive materials with square resistance of 50 omega/square are covered on the surface, the main body is in a hollow square ring shape, each antenna unit comprises 4 square rings, and an interdigital structure is designed at the joint of the square rings to enhance the capacitive coupling component, so that the interdigital resistive frequency selection surface (3) has frequency selectivity, can absorb electromagnetic waves with specific frequency, and greatly improves the electrical performance of the antenna.
Furthermore, in order to realize the actual phased array function, the antenna units need to form a finite array with a certain scale to work in application, low-frequency destructive resonance can be generated at the edge of the array due to the truncation effect, the array edge resonance circuit (5) uses lumped resistors (501), lumped capacitors (502) and lumped inductors (503) to form a grounding RLC resonance circuit, the grounding RLC resonance circuit is arranged at the left edge and the right edge of the designed finite array, and effective selective absorption is carried out by utilizing the frequency selectivity of the RLC resonance circuit aiming at a specific frequency standing wave resonance point brought by a surface wave caused by the edge truncation effect, the destructive resonance is eliminated, and the standing wave performance of an edge port of the finite array is greatly improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the ten-fold frequency range dual-polarized strong coupling phased array antenna loaded by the resistive material, firstly, the working principle of a strong coupling array is successfully applied, and the ultra-wide bandwidth of ten-fold frequency range is realized by enhancing the capacitive coupling of the ends of the dipoles; secondly, a novel double-layer metamaterial wide-angle impedance matching layer is adopted, and special structures aiming at the scanning performance of the E surface and the H surface are respectively arranged on the upper layer and the lower layer, so that the scanning performance is greatly improved; then, an interdigital resistive frequency selection surface is loaded between the antenna and the floor, so that the voltage standing wave ratio in the full frequency band is improved; and considering the truncation effect generated by the edge of a large practical array, the RLC resonant circuit is designed to eliminate destructive resonance. The measures enable the antenna to meet the requirements of ultra-wide band, low section and wide scanning angle, fully exert the broadband advantage of the strong coupling array and the superior performance of the metamaterial structure, and have practical engineering application value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ten-fold frequency-range dual-polarized strong-coupling phased array antenna unit loaded by a resistive material.
Fig. 2 is a one-dimensional four-element array of a ten-fold frequency-range dual-polarized strongly-coupled phased array antenna loaded with a resistive material, which is provided by the invention and used for verifying the effectiveness of edge processing measures.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-layer metamaterial wide-angle impedance matching layer in an embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an interdigital resistive frequency selective surface structure in an embodiment provided by the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a feed impedance gradient layer in an embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 6 shows the standing wave scanning conditions of 0-45 degrees on the E-plane and the H-plane of the dual-polarized unit according to the embodiment of the present invention (as shown in fig. 1).
Fig. 7 shows the frequency variation of the actual gain of the horizontal polarization port E-plane and H-plane of the dual-polarized unit in the embodiment (as shown in fig. 1) according to the present invention during 0-45 degree scanning.
Fig. 8 is a 0-degree, 45-degree main polarization and cross polarization directional diagram at 2GHz after the cells form a 6X8 area array in the embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 9 is a 0-degree, 45-degree main polarization and cross polarization directional diagram at 1GHz after the cells form a 6X8 area array in the embodiment provided by the invention.
Fig. 10 is a 0-degree and 45-degree main polarization and cross polarization directional diagram at 0.2GHz after the cells form a 6X8 area array in the embodiment provided by the invention.
FIG. 11 is a comparison of standing waves at the edge of a port after special processing of the cells into a finite array (as shown in FIG. 1) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, as compared to standing waves at the port after special processing of the RLC resonant circuit.
Wherein: 1. a double-layer metamaterial wide-angle impedance matching layer; 2. a strongly coupled dipole and a feed balun; 3. an interdigitated resistive frequency selection surface; 4. a feed impedance grading layer; 5. an array edge resonant circuit; 101. an upper elliptical split ring structure; 102. a lower concentric split ring structure; 201. a horizontal polarization unit; 202. a vertical polarization unit; 203. a feed balun; 401. a horizontal polarization gradient; 402. a vertical polarization gradient; 403. a balun ground patch; 501. a lumped resistance; 502. a lumped capacitor; 503. lumped inductance.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all changes that can be made by the invention using the inventive concept are intended to be protected.
As shown in fig. 1, a ten-fold frequency-range dual-polarized strongly-coupled phased array antenna loaded with a resistive material comprises a double-layer metamaterial wide-angle impedance matching layer (1), a strongly-coupled dipole, a feed balun (2), an interdigital resistive frequency selection surface (3) and a feed impedance gradient layer (4). The strong coupling dipole and the feed balun (2) are integrated on the same dielectric substrate and comprise a horizontal polarization unit (201), a vertical polarization unit (202) and a feed balun (203), the tail ends of the horizontal polarization unit (201) and the vertical polarization unit (202) are grooved, so that the mutual insertion is realized, and meanwhile, the tail ends of the dipoles are provided with grounding branches to eliminate common mode resonance possibly generated in a band; the feed balun (203) adopts a double-Y-shaped balun, realizes the conversion from unbalanced feed provided by a coaxial connector to balanced feed, and bears partial impedance conversion function;
as shown in FIG. 2, the lumped resistance (501), the lumped capacitance (502) and the lumped inductance (503) are used for forming the grounding RLC resonant circuit aiming at the array edge resonant circuit (5) loaded by the limited large array, and the grounding RLC resonant circuit is arranged on the left edge and the right edge of the designed limited large array.
As shown in fig. 3, the double-layer metamaterial wide-angle impedance matching layer (1) is divided into an upper elliptical split ring structure (101) and a lower concentric split ring structure (102), and is respectively printed on two sides of a dielectric substrate with the thickness of 3mm and the dielectric constant of 2.2; the upper-layer elliptical split-ring structure (101) improves the E-plane scanning performance of the antenna in the dual-polarization direction by enhancing the E-plane current coupling in the horizontal and vertical polarization directions; the lower concentric circle split ring structure (102) improves the H-plane scanning performance of the antenna in the dual-polarization direction by enhancing the H-plane current coupling in the horizontal and vertical polarization directions; because the actual array aperture of 6X8 is bigger, this double-deck metamaterial wide angle impedance matching layer (1) can split into left and right two parts and process, and the concatenation is got again.
As shown in fig. 4, the interdigital resistive frequency selective surface (3) is made of a special plate, the surface is covered with a resistive material with a square resistance of 50 Ω/square, the main body is in a hollow square ring shape, each antenna unit comprises 4 square rings, and an interdigital structure is designed at the joint of the square rings to enhance the capacitive coupling component, so that the interdigital resistive frequency selective surface (3) can absorb electromagnetic waves with specific frequencies while having frequency selectivity, and the electrical performance of the antenna is greatly improved; meanwhile, in order to enable the strong coupling dipole and the feed balun (2) to pass through the interdigital resistive frequency selection surface (3) and feed smoothly, an avoidance groove and a corresponding positioning hole used as a support need to be formed in the interdigital resistive frequency selection surface (3).
As shown in fig. 5, the feed impedance gradient layer (4) includes a horizontal polarization gradient (401), a vertical polarization gradient (402), and a balun ground patch (403). The function of the gradual change line is to change the impedance of 50 omega at the coaxial joint to about 90 omega, and relieve the pressure of the feed balun (203) on realizing impedance transformation. The horizontal polarization gradual change line (401) and the vertical polarization gradual change line (402) are electrically connected with a front feeder line of the feeding balun (203), a metallized through hole is formed in a balun grounding patch (403) to be electrically connected with a back floor, and then the metallized through hole is electrically connected with a back grounding plate of the feeding balun (203) to realize grounding of the feeding balun (203); in order to realize the vertical fixation of the strong coupling dipole and the feed balun (2), a slot which is slightly wider than a substrate of the feed balun (203) is arranged beside the balun grounding patch (403) and is used for being inserted and welded and fixed.
It should be noted that if the pitch of the array elements of the high frequency device is equal to half the wavelength of the highest frequency, any angle (except ± 90 degrees) can be scanned in the whole operating frequency band, and no grating lobe is generated. In order to ensure the antenna performance as much as possible, the radiation aperture of the antenna is not reduced so as to achieve higher gain. Therefore, the whole height of the phased array antenna is 0.63 frequency band maximum frequency wavelengths, and the distance between the adjacent dipole units is 0.44 frequency band maximum frequency wavelengths.
Fig. 6 shows the port corresponding standing wave characteristics of the present embodiment in different scanning states of the E-plane and the H-plane, and it can be seen from the figure that the present embodiment has an impedance bandwidth of 10:1 and a voltage standing wave ratio of less than 2.8 within a 45-degree scanning range. (since the two ports of the dual-polarized antenna are completely symmetrical in structure, the following figures show only one of the ports)
Fig. 7 shows main polarization and cross polarization characteristics corresponding to all frequencies of the port in different scanning states of the E-plane and the H-plane in this embodiment, and it can be seen from the figure that the antenna of this embodiment has normal gain in the full frequency band and no distortion point, and the cross polarization performance in the whole operating frequency band can be below-15 dB, which is superior to most strongly coupled antennas.
Fig. 8 shows the main polarization and cross polarization of the 6X8 area array provided by the present embodiment under the conditions of 0-degree and 45-degree scanning at the frequency point of 2 GHz. It can be seen from the figure that the main polarization of the antenna array of the present embodiment can reach 20dB at 2GHz, the main-side lobe ratio can reach more than 13dB, and the beam pointing is accurate during scanning.
Fig. 9 shows the main polarization and cross polarization of the 6X8 area array provided by this embodiment under the condition of 0-degree and 45-degree scanning at the frequency point of 1 GHz. It can be seen from the figure that the main polarization of the antenna array of the present embodiment can reach 15dB at 1GHz, the main-side lobe ratio can reach more than 13dB, and the beam pointing is accurate during scanning.
Fig. 10 shows that the 6X8 area array provided by this embodiment has good cross polarization characteristics and beam scanning characteristics, as well as main polarization and cross polarization conditions under 0-degree and 45-degree scanning at 0.2GHz frequency point.
Fig. 11 shows the effect brought by the array edge resonant circuit provided in this embodiment, where a four-unit semi-infinite large array is used as a simulation example, and the upper diagram shows the port standing wave condition when the edge resonant circuit is not loaded, it can be seen that the port No. 1 (i.e., the most edge port) generates destructive resonance at 0.4GHz, which greatly affects the array performance; the lower graph is the port standing wave condition when the edge resonant circuit is loaded, and the destructive resonance is eliminated, thus proving the effectiveness of the edge processing measure.
Claims (4)
1. A ten-fold frequency-range dual-polarization strong-coupling phased array antenna loaded by a resistive material is characterized by comprising a double-layer metamaterial wide-angle impedance matching layer (1), a strong-coupling dipole, a feed balun (2), an interdigital resistive frequency selection surface (3), a feed impedance gradient layer (4) and an array edge resonant circuit (5); the strong coupling dipole and the feed balun (2) are integrated on the same dielectric substrate and comprise a horizontal polarization unit (201), a vertical polarization unit (202) and a feed balun (203), the tail ends of the horizontal polarization unit (201) and the vertical polarization unit (202) are grooved, so that the horizontal polarization unit and the vertical polarization unit are inserted oppositely, and the lower part of the horizontal polarization unit and the feed balun is welded with a feed impedance gradient layer (4) to ensure electric connection; the feed impedance gradual change layer (4) comprises a horizontal polarization gradual change line (401), a vertical polarization gradual change line (402) and a balun grounding patch (403).
2. The ten-fold frequency-range dual-polarized strongly-coupled phased array antenna loaded with the resistive material according to claim 1, wherein the double-layer metamaterial wide-angle impedance matching layer (1) is divided into an upper elliptical split-ring structure (101) and a lower concentric circular split-ring structure (102); the upper-layer elliptical split-ring structure (101) improves the E-plane scanning performance of the antenna in the dual-polarization direction by enhancing the E-plane current coupling in the horizontal and vertical polarization directions; the lower concentric circle split-ring structure (102) improves the H-plane scanning performance of the antenna in the dual-polarization direction by enhancing the H-plane current coupling in the horizontal and vertical polarization directions.
3. The ten-fold frequency-range dual-polarized strong-coupling phased array antenna loaded by the resistive material according to claim 1, wherein the interdigital resistive frequency selection surface (3) is made of a resistive material with a square resistance of 50 Ω, the main body is constructed into a hollow square ring, each antenna unit comprises 4 square rings, and an interdigital structure is designed at the joint of the square rings to enhance the capacitive coupling component, so that the interdigital resistive frequency selection surface (3) can absorb electromagnetic waves with specific frequencies while having frequency selectivity, and the electrical performance of the antenna is greatly improved.
4. The ten-fold frequency-range dual-polarized strong-coupling phased array antenna loaded by the resistive material according to claim 1, wherein the array edge resonant circuit (5) uses a lumped resistor (501), a lumped capacitor (502) and a lumped inductor (503) to form a grounded RLC resonant circuit, the grounded RLC resonant circuit is arranged on the left edge and the right edge of the designed finite array, and effective selective absorption is performed on a specific frequency standing wave resonance point brought by a surface wave caused by an edge truncation effect by using the frequency selectivity of the RLC resonant circuit, so that the standing wave performance of an edge port of the finite array is greatly improved.
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| CN115360528A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-11-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Radar switch frequency selective surface loaded with polyaniline |
| CN116169466A (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2023-05-26 | 成都益为创达科技有限公司 | Ultra-wideband low-profile dual-polarized tightly-coupled antenna array |
| CN116231317A (en) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-06-06 | 电子科技大学 | Lightweight resistive loop loaded dual polarized low profile strongly coupled ultra wideband phased array |
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| PRABHAT KHANAL等: "Edge Truncation Effects in a Wide-Scan Phased Array of Connected Bowtie Antenna Elements", 《2020 14TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION 》 * |
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| CN115184897B (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-12-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | RCS near-field multi-station array measuring device and method |
| CN115360528A (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2022-11-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Radar switch frequency selective surface loaded with polyaniline |
| CN116169466A (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2023-05-26 | 成都益为创达科技有限公司 | Ultra-wideband low-profile dual-polarized tightly-coupled antenna array |
| CN116169466B (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2024-03-19 | 成都益为创达科技有限公司 | Ultra-wideband low-profile dual-polarized tightly-coupled antenna array |
| CN116231317A (en) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-06-06 | 电子科技大学 | Lightweight resistive loop loaded dual polarized low profile strongly coupled ultra wideband phased array |
| CN116231317B (en) * | 2023-03-07 | 2024-01-12 | 电子科技大学 | Lightweight resistive loop loaded dual polarized low profile strongly coupled ultra wideband phased array |
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