CN114739248A - Charging method for horizontal hole in underground mine fractured rock mass - Google Patents
Charging method for horizontal hole in underground mine fractured rock mass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114739248A CN114739248A CN202210413967.7A CN202210413967A CN114739248A CN 114739248 A CN114739248 A CN 114739248A CN 202210413967 A CN202210413967 A CN 202210413967A CN 114739248 A CN114739248 A CN 114739248A
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- Prior art keywords
- hole
- protecting sleeve
- charging
- blast
- blast hole
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a charging method for a horizontal hole in an underground mine broken rock mass, wherein a pipe cap (4) is sleeved at the front end of a hole protecting sleeve (3), and an opening of the hole protecting sleeve (3) is downwards inserted into a blast hole (2); the detonator (6) of the detonating tube is inserted into the explosive cartridge (5); the explosive sticks (5) are respectively loaded into the blast holes (2) by a gun stick (8); after the explosive roll (5) is loaded, a gun rod (8) is used for propping against the explosive roll (5), and the hole-protecting sleeve (3) is slowly drawn out; after the hole-protecting sleeve (3) is completely drawn out, the blast hole (2) is blocked by using stemming (7); and (3) detonating according to a design scheme after the explosive charging of the blast hole (2) is finished. The invention can maintain the integrity of the blast hole in the charging process, prevent hole collapse in the charging process, ensure that the charging length and the charging depth in the hole meet the design requirements, increase the blasting circulation footage and reduce the unit consumption of civil explosive while improving the utilization rate of the blast hole, further achieve the aim of reducing the production cost and ensure the production safety of mines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting tunneling engineering of underground mines, and particularly relates to a charging method for a horizontal hole of an underground mine, which is particularly suitable for charging the horizontal hole in a broken rock body of the underground mine and can be popularized and applied to blasting tunneling engineering of underground spaces such as diversion tunnels, highway tunnels, railway tunnels and the like.
Background
Blasting technique has obtained the wide application in rock mass excavation engineering, guarantees the pore forming rate of big gun hole and helps the increase of circulation footage, nevertheless under the more broken condition of rock mass, because adopt the big gun rod to send the medicine in the big gun hole many times, thereby causes the disturbance to the big gun hole wall and form the hole of collapsing, hardly clears up the stone in the big gun hole this moment, especially carries out the big gun hole and clears up the operation under the condition of having been equipped with the cartridge and be very dangerous. Under the condition of hole collapse, if the explosive is continuously charged, blind guns and even misfires are easily generated, so that the cyclic footage is influenced, and potential safety hazards are brought to the post-explosion treatment. Therefore, how to ensure continuous charging in the blast hole and ensure enough charging length is very important for achieving the expected blasting effect and safe operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to charge the broken rock mass according to blasting design parameters, avoid hole collapse in the charging process and ensure enough charging length so that the blasting effect reaches the expected target, the invention provides a charging method for a horizontal hole in the broken rock mass of an underground mine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a charging method for a horizontal hole in a broken rock body of an underground mine, which is used for drilling a blast hole in the rock body which has large difficulty in rock breaking and hole forming and is easy to collapse, and is implemented by adopting the following steps:
1) carrying out blasting parameter design according to the geological conditions of the rocks on the working face, and carrying out rock drilling and perforating operation according to the design parameters;
2) after the perforation depth reaches the designed blast hole depth, the drill rod is slowly drawn out, and hole collapse caused by disturbance of the hole wall of the blast hole in the drawing process of the drill rod is avoided;
3) after the drill rod is drawn out, a hole protecting sleeve prepared in advance is slowly inserted into the blast hole until the bottom of the hole is reached; before the hole protecting sleeve is inserted into the blast hole, a pipe cap is sleeved at the front end of the hole protecting sleeve, so that collapsed stones can be prevented from entering the hole protecting sleeve in the process of inserting the hole protecting sleeve into the blast hole;
4) under the protection of the hole protecting sleeve, charging the blast hole, and loading the explosive cartridge into the blast hole from bottom to top; the medicated roll is generally an emulsified medicated roll;
5) after the blast hole reaches the designed charge amount, the explosive roll is propped by a gun rod, the hole-protecting sleeve is slowly drawn out, and the hole-protecting sleeve is recycled;
6) after the hole-protecting sleeve is completely drawn out, taking out the gun rod, and using the stemming to block the gun hole;
7) and (5) after the charging of all blast holes is finished, detonating according to a design scheme.
In order to facilitate the extraction of the sleeve, the body of the hole-protecting sleeve is cut in full length and provided with an opening.
In order to facilitate the charge and keep the hole bursting parameters and the charge amount optimal, the outer diameter of the hole protection sleeve is 4-6 mm smaller than the diameter of a blast hole, the wall thickness of the hole protection sleeve is 1.8-2.2 mm, and the diameter of a cartridge is 4-7 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the hole protection sleeve.
Generally, the length of the hole-protecting sleeve is 2.2-2.6 m, the outer diameter of the hole-protecting sleeve is 38-42 mm, the thickness of the tube wall is 1.8-2.2 mm, the width of the tube opening is 21-25 mm, and the hole-protecting sleeve is made of plastic.
In practical application, the diameter of the gun stick is 20mm, the length of the gun stick is 2.5m, and the gun stick is made of a solid plastic pipe.
In order to ensure the blasting effect, the remaining unfilled part of the blast hole is preferably filled with the stemming.
The charging method for the horizontal hole in the fractured rock mass of the underground mine has the following positive effects after the technical scheme is adopted:
(1) experimental research shows that the method can maintain the integrity of the blast hole in the charging process of the horizontal hole in the broken rock body, prevent hole collapse in the charging process, ensure that the charging length and the charging depth in the hole meet the design requirements, and ensure the production safety of mines.
(2) The method increases the blasting circulation footage and reduces the unit consumption of civil explosive materials while improving the utilization rate of blast holes, thereby achieving the aim of reducing the production cost.
(3) The hole-protecting sleeve and the gun rod adopted by the method can be recycled, so that the use cost is greatly reduced.
(4) The method is not only suitable for application in horizontal hole charging in the broken rock mass of the underground mine, but also suitable for application in blasting and tunneling engineering of underground spaces such as diversion tunnels, highway tunnels, railway tunnels and the like with difficult rock mass breaking and hole forming.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a hole-protecting charging structure adopted by the charging method for a horizontal hole in a broken rock body of an underground mine;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at position A;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a hole-protecting charging structure adopted by the charging method for the horizontal hole in the fractured rock mass of the underground mine;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a hole-protecting casing pipe cap used in a method for charging a horizontal hole in a fractured rock mass of an underground mine according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a hole-protecting sleeve used in a method for charging a horizontal hole in a fractured rock mass of an underground mine according to the invention.
The reference signs are: 1-rock; 2-blast hole; 3-hole protecting sleeve; 4-pipe cap; 5-medicated roll; 6-millisecond nonel detonators; 7-stemming; 8-gun rod.
Detailed Description
For better description of the present invention, a method for charging a horizontal hole in a fractured rock mass of an underground mine according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the front view schematic diagram of the hole-protecting charging structure adopted by the charging method for the horizontal hole in the fractured rock mass of the underground mine is combined with figures 2, 3, 4 and 5, the charging method for the horizontal hole in the fractured rock mass of the underground mine is implemented by the following steps:
(1) blasting parameter design is carried out according to geological conditions of the working face rock 1 (surrounding rock), and part of design parameters are as follows: the diameter of a blast hole 2 is 45mm, the diameter of a cartridge 5 is 32mm, the length of the cartridge 5 is 31cm, each charge is 300g, a detonating tube detonator 6 is inserted into the cartridge 5 at the lowest part in the blast hole 2, the detonating tube detonator 6 adopts a millisecond detonating tube detonator (the millisecond detonating tube detonator is detonated in sections), an energy-gathering hole of the detonating tube detonator 6 faces the direction of an orifice of the blast hole 2, a detonating cord of the detonating tube detonator 6 penetrates out of the blast hole 2, the depth of the blast hole is 2.3m, the charge of the blast hole is 1200g (4 cartridges), and the cartridge 5 adopts an emulsion cartridge.
(2) Preparing a hole-protecting sleeve 3, wherein the length of the pipe is 2.4m, the outer diameter of the pipe is 40mm, the thickness of the pipe wall is 2mm, and the opening width of the pipe body is 23 mm.
(3) A gun stick 8 is prepared, the diameter of the gun stick 8 is 20mm, and the length is 2.5 m.
(4) The pipe cap 4 is made by self, and the inner diameter of the pipe cap 4 is 40mm, the outer diameter is 43mm, and the thickness is 1.5 mm.
(5) The front end of the hole protecting sleeve 3 is sleeved with a pipe cap 4, so that stones which are collapsed when the hole protecting sleeve 3 is inserted into the blast hole 2 are prevented from entering the hole protecting sleeve 3, and the charging length is prevented from being influenced.
(5) When the rock drilling is carried out in an area with poor lithology, after the rock drilling depth reaches the design depth, the drill rod is slowly drawn out, and the hole protection sleeve 3 (with the opening direction of the pipe body facing downwards) is slowly inserted into the blast hole until the bottom of the hole.
(6) And charging the blast hole 2 under the protection of the hole protecting sleeve 3.
(7) After the designed charge is reached, the gun stick 8 is used for propping against the explosive roll 5 in the gun hole, and the hole-protecting sleeve 3 is slowly drawn out (the hole-protecting sleeve 3 is recycled).
(8) And after the hole-protecting sleeve 3 is completely drawn out, the gun rod 8 is taken out, and the gun hole 2 is plugged by the stemming 7.
(9) And (5) after the charging of all the blast holes 2 is finished, detonating according to a design scheme.
The method is tested in a large underground iron ore blasting tunneling project, local rock mass breakage, poor lithology and difficult pore forming occur to the underground iron ore, and test research results show that the method can maintain the integrity of the blast hole in the charging process, prevent hole collapse from occurring in the charging process, ensure that the charging length and the charging depth in the hole meet the design requirements, increase the blasting circulation footage and reduce the unit consumption of civil explosive materials while improving the utilization rate of the blast hole, further achieve the aim of reducing the production cost, ensure the production safety of mines and achieve unexpected technical effects.
Claims (5)
1. A charging method for a horizontal hole in a broken rock body of an underground mine is used for drilling a blast hole (2) in the rock body which is broken by rock (1), has high hole forming difficulty and is easy to collapse, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) carrying out blasting parameter design according to the geological conditions of the working face rock (1), and carrying out rock drilling and perforating operation according to the design parameters;
2) after the perforation depth reaches the designed depth of the blast hole (2), the drill rod is slowly drawn out, and hole collapse caused by disturbance of the hole wall of the blast hole (2) in the process of drawing the drill rod out is avoided;
3) after the drill rod is drawn out, a hole protecting sleeve (3) prepared in advance is slowly inserted into the blast hole (2) until the bottom of the hole; the front end of the hole-protecting sleeve (3) is sleeved with a pipe cap (4);
4) under the protection of the hole protecting sleeve (3), charging the blast hole (2), loading the explosive cartridge (5) into the blast hole (2) from bottom to top, inserting or binding a detonating tube detonator (6) on the explosive cartridge (5) at the lowest part in the blast hole (2), and enabling an energy-gathering cave of the detonating tube detonator (6) to face the direction of an orifice of the blast hole (2);
5) after the blast hole (2) reaches the designed charge amount, a gun rod (8) is used for propping against the explosive roll (5), and the hole-protecting sleeve (3) is slowly drawn out;
6) after the hole-protecting sleeve (3) is completely pulled out, the gun rod (8) is taken out, and the gun hole (1) is plugged by the gun mud (7);
7) and (4) after the charging of all blast holes (1) is finished, detonating according to a design scheme.
2. A method of charging a horizontal bore in a fractured rock mass of an underground mine according to claim 1 wherein: the pipe body of the hole-protecting sleeve (3) is cut open in length and provided with an opening.
3. A method of charging a horizontal bore in a fractured rock mass of an underground mine according to claim 2 wherein: the outer diameter of the hole protection sleeve (3) is 4-6 mm smaller than the diameter of the blast hole (1), the wall thickness of the hole protection sleeve (3) is 1.8-2.2 mm, and the diameter of the explosive cartridge (5) is 4-7 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the hole protection sleeve (3).
4. A method of charging a horizontal bore in a fractured rock mass of an underground mine according to claim 3 wherein: the length of the hole-protecting sleeve (3) is 2.2-2.6 m, the outer diameter of the pipe is 38-42 mm, the thickness of the pipe wall is 1.8-2.2 mm, the width of the opening of the pipe body is 21-25 mm, and the hole-protecting sleeve (3) is made of plastics.
5. A method of charging a horizontal bore in a fractured rock mass of an underground mine according to claim 4 wherein: before the hole-protecting sleeve (3) is inserted into the blast hole (2), a pipe cap (4) is sleeved at the front end of the hole-protecting sleeve (3), so that collapsed stones can be prevented from entering the hole-protecting sleeve (3) in the process of inserting the hole-protecting sleeve (3) into the blast hole (2); after the hole-protecting sleeve (3) is completely drawn out and the gun rod (8) is taken out, the remaining unfilled part of the gun hole (2) is completely filled with the stemming (7) so as to ensure the blasting effect.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210413967.7A CN114739248A (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2022-04-14 | Charging method for horizontal hole in underground mine fractured rock mass |
| PCT/CN2022/092436 WO2023197391A1 (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2022-05-12 | Cartridge loading method for horizontal hole in broken rock of underground mine |
| ZA2023/02410A ZA202302410B (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2023-02-23 | Charging method for horizontal holes in underground mine fractured rock masses |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210413967.7A CN114739248A (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2022-04-14 | Charging method for horizontal hole in underground mine fractured rock mass |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114739248A true CN114739248A (en) | 2022-07-12 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210413967.7A Pending CN114739248A (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2022-04-14 | Charging method for horizontal hole in underground mine fractured rock mass |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114739248A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023197391A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA202302410B (en) |
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2022
- 2022-04-14 CN CN202210413967.7A patent/CN114739248A/en active Pending
- 2022-05-12 WO PCT/CN2022/092436 patent/WO2023197391A1/en unknown
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2023
- 2023-02-23 ZA ZA2023/02410A patent/ZA202302410B/en unknown
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| CN104457459A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-03-25 | 西安科技大学 | Coal mine roof deep hole roof breaking charging structure and detonation method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA202302410B (en) | 2023-05-31 |
| WO2023197391A1 (en) | 2023-10-19 |
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