CN114136165A - Efficient synchronous elimination method for CO products in blasting operation - Google Patents
Efficient synchronous elimination method for CO products in blasting operation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114136165A CN114136165A CN202111533270.5A CN202111533270A CN114136165A CN 114136165 A CN114136165 A CN 114136165A CN 202111533270 A CN202111533270 A CN 202111533270A CN 114136165 A CN114136165 A CN 114136165A
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation, which comprises the steps of arranging high-temperature CO eliminating agent powder and explosives into a blast hole together, breaking an eliminating agent powder bag by blasting shock waves, quickly forming high-concentration dust cloud in the blast hole, and quickly eliminating CO after blasting by utilizing the physical and chemical adsorption effect of CO molecules on the surface of the eliminating agent powder. The method comprises the following steps: preparing an eliminating agent, bagging after the eliminating agent is activated at high temperature, transporting the explosive roll to a specified position in a blast hole, installing a detonator, leading out a detonator blast line from the blast hole, arranging the eliminating agent behind the explosive roll and in front of a sealing agent in a filling mode, and finally sealing tightly by using the sealing agent to prevent punching. The method is simple and convenient, the flow is simple, the material cost is low, the high-temperature CO catalyst is combined with the underground blasting operation, the CO generated after the blasting operation is effectively eliminated, and the damage of the CO to blasting personnel is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of toxic gas purification, in particular to a method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation.
Background
The underground CO of the coal mine seriously threatens the health and safety of workers, the CO is colorless, tasteless and colorless extremely toxic gas, and is very easy to combine with hemoglobin in human blood to form carboxyhemoglobin, and when the concentration of CO in the environment exceeds 100ppm, the human body can feel uncomfortable, such as dizziness, hypodynamia and the like; when the CO concentration exceeds 600ppm, asphyxiation death is caused in a short period of time. In order to avoid the occurrence of the underground CO poisoning casualty accident, the maximum allowable concentration of CO in the underground air is clearly specified to be 24ppm in the coal mine safety regulation. At present, some mines have the characteristic of high rock hardness, and blasting excavation is generally adopted for developing roadways, but a large amount of CO toxic gas is generated in the blasting process, so that the mine CO overrun accident is easily caused, and even the life safety of operators is threatened. The method is extremely important for efficient and rapid digestion of CO gas generated in blasting of the tunneling surface.
The existing methods for purifying CO mainly comprise an adsorption method, a cryogenic method, a catalytic oxidation method and the like. The adsorbent is difficult to be applied in a large scale due to the limitations of easy oxidation, poor adsorption effect under normal temperature and pressure, difficult recycling and the like; the cryogenic method is to liquefy and then purify CO, and the application of the method is limited by high cost and the like. Both of the above are not suitable for CO gas abatement after downhole blasting operations. The catalytic oxidation method is widely applied to CO purification, CO is catalytically oxidized by using the remover to oxidize CO into carbon dioxide, and the method has the advantages of low cost, good effect and simple use method. Therefore, the research on the method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO in blasting operation has great significance to the society.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to overcome the problem of rapidly eliminating CO after blasting, provides a method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation, realizes the elimination of CO after blasting operation, and finally prevents CO from causing damage to blasting personnel.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation, which comprises the following steps: through arranging high temperature CO elimination agent powder and explosive together to the big gun hole, the elimination agent powder bag is torn to the shock wave during the blasting, forms high concentration elimination agent dust cloud in the big gun hole rapidly, utilizes the physical and chemical adsorption of elimination agent powder to CO, oxidizes CO into carbon dioxide, realizes the quick elimination of the post-blasting CO, includes following steps:
firstly, grinding the prepared large particle eliminating agent into fine powder by manual grinding or mechanical grinding of a grinder, and then activating at high temperature in a dry environment;
b, filling the activated remover powder into a cylindrical remover powder bag, wherein the diameter and the length of the cylindrical remover powder bag are set according to the CO removal requirement after actual blasting operation;
c, constructing blast holes on the blasting section by adopting a drill bit according to the blasting operation requirement, then inspecting all the blast holes, and determining whether the hole depths, the intervals and the row spacing of all the blast holes meet the regulations or not, wherein the blast holes beyond the specified range are regarded as waste holes;
d, determining the explosive loading amount of each hole to fill the explosive into the blast hole according to the design unit consumption, the surrounding environment of each hole and the rock condition, conveying the explosive to the specified position of the blast hole by adopting a powder conveying rod, and placing a double-shot blasting cap at the bottom of the blast hole;
e, conveying the remover powder bag filled with remover powder into the blast hole by using a powder conveying rod, arranging the remover powder bag behind the explosive cartridge and in front of the hole sealing agent in a filling manner, and arranging the explosive cartridge and the remover powder bag in the blast hole from inside to outside in sequence;
step f, sealing the blast hole by using a hole sealing agent to ensure tight sealing of the blast hole and avoid punching;
and g, after sealing is finished, laying an explosive detonating network, and detonating after network connection is finished.
In the step a, the eliminating agent is a single metal oxide or a composite metal oxide of two or more than two of copper, manganese, aluminum or cobalt, and is prepared by a hydrothermal method.
In the step a, the temperature of high-temperature activation of the elimination agent in a dry environment is 200-300 ℃, and the activation time is more than 0.5 h.
In the step a, the remover is ground by manual grinding or mechanical grinding by a grinding machine, and is screened by a 120-target standard sample sieve, and the particle size of the remover powder is more than 120 meshes.
In the step b, the material of the remover powder bag is a flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant material, and the diameter and the length of the cylindrical bag-shaped remover powder bag are set according to the CO removal requirement after actual blasting operation.
In the step e, the explosive cartridge adopts a secondary or tertiary coal mine allowable explosive cartridge, and the detonating detonator adopts a mine millisecond detonating detonator which is suitable for blasting operations such as coal mine underground full-section primary blasting, fractional blasting and the like.
In the step d, the adopted medicine feeding rod comprises a rod body consisting of a medicine discharging end and a handheld end, the medicine discharging end is semicircular, the length of the semicircular rod body is 1-1.5m, the handheld end is solid cylindrical, the length of the solid cylindrical rod body is 2-3m, the diameter of the medicine feeding rod is 26-36mm, and lubricating oil is coated on the outer wall of the lower part of the medicine discharging end of the medicine feeding rod, so that the medicine can be conveniently moved and conveyed to a designated position in a blast hole.
Has the advantages that: by adopting the technical scheme, the high-temperature CO remover is innovatively applied to CO removal after underground blasting operation, the defects that the noble metal remover is easy to poison and inactivate and is easy to sinter at high temperature are overcome, the problem that a large amount of CO toxic gas is generated in the underground blasting operation is solved, and the working efficiency is improved while the CO toxic gas is removed. The method is suitable for various coal mining and rock blasting scenes. The method meets the actual requirement of CO elimination after mine blasting, fills the blank of the CO elimination technology after blasting, is safe and efficient, does not have external electrical equipment, can greatly reduce the CO concentration, improves the working environment of the mine, and has wide practicability. Compared with the prior art, the main advantages are as follows:
1) the high-temperature CO remover has simple preparation process and lower cost, and overcomes the problems of easy sintering and inactivation of the original noble metal remover at high temperature and the like;
2) filling a CO remover powder bag while filling the explosive, and synchronously removing CO generated by blasting from an explosion source head on the premise of ensuring the blasting effect;
3) the use of electrical equipment is avoided, the operation is simple, and the potential danger caused by the electrical equipment and the like is avoided; the CO eliminating effect is obvious, and the experimental result shows that after the technology is applied, the CO concentration in the return air flow after blasting is reduced to 53ppm, and the blasting CO eliminating rate can reach more than 80%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general schematic diagram of a method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of section A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of section B-B of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a diagram of the effect of the application of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-charge sheath tube, 2-explosive cartridge, 3-sealing cover, 4-allowable detonating cord for coal mine, 5-detonating detonator, 6-remover powder bag, 7-remover charging tube, 8-explosive feeding rod, 9-sealant and 10-blast hole.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to examples in the drawings to which:
as shown in fig. 1, according to the method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation of the present invention, high temperature CO remover powder and explosive are arranged in a blast hole 10 together, a remover powder bag 6 is broken under the impact of shock waves during blasting, the remover in the remover powder bag 6 rapidly forms high concentration dust cloud in the blast hole 10, and the removal agent powder adsorbs CO physically and chemically by utilizing brownian motion of the remover powder and the mechanism of catalytic oxidation of CO, so that CO is oxidized into carbon dioxide, thereby realizing rapid elimination of CO after blasting; the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, grinding the prepared large particle eliminating agent into fine powder by manual grinding or mechanical grinding of a grinder, and then activating at high temperature in a dry environment; the remover is prepared by a hydrothermal method, and the main components of the remover are single metal oxide or composite metal oxide of two or more than two of copper, manganese, aluminum or cobalt; the remover needs to be activated in a high-temperature environment, the activation temperature is 200-300 ℃, and the activation time is more than 0.5 h; the grinding of the remover adopts manual grinding or mechanical grinding of a grinder, and the remover is screened by a 120-target standard sample sieve, and the particle size of the remover powder is more than 120 meshes.
B, filling the activated remover powder into a remover powder bag 6, wherein the remover powder bag 6 is in a cylindrical bag shape, and the diameter and the length are set according to the CO removal requirement after actual blasting operation; the remover powder bag 6 is designed based on flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant materials, is cylindrical bag-shaped and is convenient for filling medicaments; the diameter and the length of the remover powder bag 6 are designed according to the CO elimination requirement after actual blasting operation, and the remover powder bag has strong thermal stability and good flame retardant property.
C, setting the number of blast holes 10 according to the blasting operation requirement by adopting a drill bit in blast holes of the blasting section, checking all the holes, determining whether the hole depth, the distance, the row spacing and the like meet the requirements, and limiting the holes to be waste holes when the hole depth, the distance, the row spacing and the like exceed the specified range;
d, determining the explosive charge of each hole to fill the explosive into the blast hole 10 according to the design unit consumption, the surrounding environment of each hole and the rock condition, conveying the explosive to the specified position of the blast hole 10 by using a powder conveying rod 8, and placing a double-shot blasting cap 5 at the bottom of the blast hole; the adopted medicine feeding rod 8 comprises a rod body consisting of a medicine feeding end and a handheld end, the medicine feeding end is semicircular, the length of the semicircular rod body is 1-1.5m, the handheld end is solid cylindrical, the length of the solid cylindrical rod body is 2-3m, the diameter of the medicine feeding rod is 26-36mm, and lubricating oil is coated on the outer wall of the lower portion of the medicine feeding end of the medicine feeding rod, so that the medicine can be conveniently moved and conveyed to a specified position in the blast hole 10.
Step e, the remover powder bag 6 filled with remover powder is conveyed into the blast hole 10 by the aid of the powder conveying rod 8, and is arranged behind the explosive cartridge 2 and in front of the hole sealing agent 9 in a filling mode, and the explosive cartridge 2 and the remover powder bag 6 in the blast hole 10 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the explosive cartridge 2 adopts secondary or tertiary coal mine allowable explosives, and the detonating primer 5 adopts a mine millisecond detonating primer, so that the method is suitable for blasting operations such as coal mine underground full-section one-time blasting, fractional blasting and the like.
Step f, sealing the blast hole 10 by using a hole sealing agent 9 to ensure that the blast hole 10 is tightly sealed and avoid punching;
and g, after sealing is finished, laying an explosive detonating network, and detonating after network connection is finished.
As shown in fig. 2, the radius R of the explosive cartridge 2 is 16mm, the length of the explosive cartridge 2 is 300mm, the explosive cartridge 2 is arranged in the middle of the explosive charging protecting sleeve 1 according to sections, the explosive sections are tightly connected, the coal mine allowable detonating cord 4 is arranged at the lower part of the explosive charging protecting sleeve 1, and when the explosive is detonated, the detonating cord 4 is initiated by the mine millisecond detonating detonator 5 to detonate the explosive, so that the blasting operation is realized.
As shown in fig. 3, the remover powder bags 6 containing the remover powder are arranged in the remover charging pipe 7 in a group of three bags, the three bags are tangent to the remover powder bag and are tangent to the remover charging pipe 7, the remover powder bags 6 are made of high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant materials and can bear high temperature, after blasting operation, a closed space is temporarily formed in the blast hole 10, the remover powder bags 6 are broken under the action of blasting shock waves to form high-concentration remover powder clouds, and therefore synchronous and rapid elimination of carbon monoxide after blasting operation is achieved.
Example 1: a high-efficiency synchronous elimination method of CO products in blasting operation is characterized in that an eliminating agent is prepared by taking single metal oxide or two or more composite metal oxides of copper, manganese, aluminum, cobalt and the like as a main body through a hydrothermal method, after the eliminating agent is prepared, the eliminating agent is ground to be more than 120 meshes, and is activated for 0.5 hour at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ in a drying environment; and then, filling the activated remover powder into remover powder bags 6 for packaging, binding three remover powder bags 6 when in use, placing the three remover powder bags in a remover charging pipe 7, tightly connecting all sections, then feeding the remover charging pipe 7 into a blast hole 10 at a specified position by a feeding rod 8, sealing the blast hole 10 by using a sealing agent 9, and finally performing blasting operation, wherein during blasting, a shock wave acts on the remover to form high-concentration remover powder clouds in the blast hole 10, and CO digestion after blasting is completed.
Example 2: a method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation is suitable for eliminating underground daily CO production and emergency disposal of CO under disaster conditions, is applied to a certain mine on site, adopts full-section one-time blasting, and has a tunnel section area of 17.8m2Each time using threeThe grade emulsion explosive is about 60 kg. The maximum value of the CO concentration in the return air flow after blasting reaches 524ppm, the average value is 265ppm, the regulation of the CO concentration in the regulation is far exceeded, and the safety production process of a coal mine is seriously influenced. An remover powder bag is designed based on a flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant material, and the powder bag is placed at the rear end of the emulsion explosive and is blocked by a blocking material. When the explosive is detonated, a high-temperature closed space is formed in the blast hole in a short time; meanwhile, the remover powder bag is torn, and high-concentration dust cloud is formed in the blast hole by the remover powder under the action of the shock wave, so that the CO is rapidly eliminated. After the technology is applied, the CO concentration in the return air flow after blasting is reduced to 53ppm, and the blasting CO elimination rate can reach more than 80 percent, so that the technology is proved to be suitable for various coal mining and rock blasting scenes and can effectively eliminate CO.
Claims (7)
1. A method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation is characterized by comprising the following steps: through arranging high temperature CO elimination agent powder and explosive together to the big gun hole, the elimination agent powder bag is torn to the shock wave during the blasting, forms high concentration elimination agent dust cloud in the big gun hole rapidly, utilizes the physical and chemical adsorption of elimination agent powder to CO, oxidizes CO into carbon dioxide, realizes the quick elimination of the post-blasting CO, includes following steps:
firstly, grinding the prepared large particle eliminating agent into fine powder by manual grinding or mechanical grinding of a grinder, and then activating at high temperature in a dry environment;
b, filling the activated remover powder into a cylindrical remover powder bag, wherein the diameter and the length of the cylindrical remover powder bag are set according to the CO removal requirement after actual blasting operation;
c, constructing blast holes on the blasting section by adopting a drill bit according to the blasting operation requirement, then inspecting all the blast holes, and determining whether the hole depths, the intervals and the row spacing of all the blast holes meet the regulations or not, wherein the blast holes beyond the specified range are regarded as waste holes;
d, determining the explosive loading amount of each hole to fill the explosive into the blast hole according to the design unit consumption, the surrounding environment of each hole and the rock condition, conveying the explosive to the specified position of the blast hole by adopting a powder conveying rod, and placing a double-shot blasting cap at the bottom of the blast hole;
e, conveying the remover powder bag filled with remover powder into the blast hole by using a powder conveying rod, arranging the remover powder bag behind the explosive cartridge and in front of the hole sealing agent in a filling manner, and arranging the explosive cartridge and the remover powder bag in the blast hole from inside to outside in sequence;
step f, sealing the blast hole by using a hole sealing agent to ensure tight sealing of the blast hole and avoid punching;
and g, after sealing is finished, laying an explosive detonating network, and detonating after network connection is finished.
2. The method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step a, the eliminating agent is a single metal oxide or a composite metal oxide of two or more than two of copper, manganese, aluminum or cobalt, and is prepared by a hydrothermal method.
3. The method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step a, the temperature of high-temperature activation of the elimination agent in a dry environment is 200-300 ℃, and the activation time is more than 0.5 h.
4. The method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step a, the remover is ground by manual grinding or mechanical grinding by a grinding machine, and is screened by a 120-target standard sample sieve, and the particle size of the remover powder is more than 120 meshes.
5. The method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step b, the material of the remover powder bag is a flame-retardant high-temperature-resistant material, and the diameter and the length of the cylindrical bag-shaped remover powder bag are set according to the CO removal requirement after actual blasting operation.
6. The method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step e, the explosive cartridge adopts a secondary or tertiary coal mine allowable explosive cartridge, and the detonating detonator adopts a mine millisecond detonating detonator which is suitable for blasting operations such as coal mine underground full-section primary blasting, fractional blasting and the like.
7. The method for efficiently and synchronously eliminating CO products in blasting operation according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step d, the adopted medicine feeding rod comprises a rod body consisting of a medicine discharging end and a handheld end, the medicine discharging end is semicircular, the length of the semicircular rod body is 1-1.5m, the handheld end is solid cylindrical, the length of the solid cylindrical rod body is 2-3m, the diameter of the medicine feeding rod is 26-36mm, and lubricating oil is coated on the outer wall of the lower part of the medicine discharging end of the medicine feeding rod, so that the medicine can be conveniently moved and conveyed to a designated position in a blast hole.
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