CN114738427A - 一种阻尼力可调节的单向液压阻尼装置 - Google Patents

一种阻尼力可调节的单向液压阻尼装置 Download PDF

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CN114738427A
CN114738427A CN202210526462.1A CN202210526462A CN114738427A CN 114738427 A CN114738427 A CN 114738427A CN 202210526462 A CN202210526462 A CN 202210526462A CN 114738427 A CN114738427 A CN 114738427A
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piston
cylinder body
piston rod
damping force
ring
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马宇彪
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Shanghai Qitian Auto Parts Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/10Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
    • F16F9/14Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
    • F16F9/16Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
    • F16F9/18Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein
    • F16F9/19Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein with a single cylinder and of single-tube type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32Details
    • F16F9/3207Constructional features
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32Details
    • F16F9/3207Constructional features
    • F16F9/3221Constructional features of piston rods
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32Details
    • F16F9/34Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
    • F16F9/3405Throttling passages in or on piston body, e.g. slots
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32Details
    • F16F9/36Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
    • F16F9/362Combination of sealing and guide arrangements for piston rods
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32Details
    • F16F9/36Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
    • F16F9/368Sealings in pistons
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32Details
    • F16F9/50Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
    • F16F9/512Means responsive to load action, i.e. static load on the damper or dynamic fluid pressure changes in the damper, e.g. due to changes in velocity
    • F16F9/5123Means responsive to load action, i.e. static load on the damper or dynamic fluid pressure changes in the damper, e.g. due to changes in velocity responsive to the static or steady-state load on the damper
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32Details
    • F16F9/50Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
    • F16F9/512Means responsive to load action, i.e. static load on the damper or dynamic fluid pressure changes in the damper, e.g. due to changes in velocity
    • F16F9/5126Piston, or piston-like valve elements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种阻尼力可调节的单向液压阻尼装置,包括:缸体、活塞杆、活塞、定位环、口部密封圈、腔室密封圈、导向套、液体,设置有中心孔的活塞通过螺纹连接于活塞杆位于缸体内的一端,活塞的外圆柱面上设置有贯穿外圆柱面和中心孔的通孔,腔室密封圈套装于活塞的环槽上且分割缸体内腔为上下两个腔室,活塞杆位于缸体内的轴端的锥形段穿过活塞的中心孔并同中心孔间隙配合,活塞同定位环相对的一端具有互为凹凸的形状,活塞杆完全伸出时,活塞同定位环的凹凸形状啮合,旋转活塞杆时活塞杆可沿缸体轴向移动,从而可以调节活塞杆同活塞的配合间隙,对阻尼力进行调整。本发明机构简单可靠,应用于机械装置时,可根据负载的大小对阻尼力进行调整。

Description

一种阻尼力可调节的单向液压阻尼装置
技术领域
本发明涉及机械领域,尤其涉及一种对运动机构进行缓冲的液压阻尼装置。
背景技术
既有的液压阻尼装置采用设置在活塞杆上的固定尺寸的溢流孔提供固定的阻尼力,溢流孔孔径大小决定阻尼力的大小,阻尼力不能调节,当负载变化时,需要选用相应规格的溢流孔,导致使用成本的增加。
发明内容
本发明的目的就在于为了解决上述问题而提供一种阻尼力可调节的单向液压阻尼装置。为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
一种阻尼力可调节的单向液压阻尼装置,包括:缸体、活塞杆、活塞、定位环、口部密封圈、腔室密封圈、导向套、液体;所述缸体一端封闭,一端开口;所述导向套、口部密封圈、定位环、活塞、腔室密封圈依次设置在所述缸体内;所述活塞杆的一端伸入缸体内,所述导向套、口部密封圈、定位环均套在所述活塞杆,所述活塞及所述腔室密封圈设置在所述活塞杆伸入所述缸体内部的一端,所述活塞轴向设置有中心孔,中心孔具有螺纹段,所述活塞同所述活塞杆伸入所述缸体内的一端螺纹连接,所述活塞的外圆柱面上设置有贯穿外圆柱面和中心孔的通孔,所述活塞的外圆柱面上径向设置有环槽及联通环槽的排液槽,所述腔室密封圈套装于所述活塞的环槽上且分割所述缸体内腔为上下两个腔室,所述活塞杆伸入所述缸体内的轴端具有锥形段,锥形段穿过所述活塞中心孔并同中心孔间隙配合,所述活塞同所述定位环相对的一端具有互为凹凸的可以啮合的形状。
进一步地,所述的口部密封圈设置于导向套及定位环的中间,对缸体内的液体密封。
进一步地,所述的定位环与所述的缸体固定连接,用于对活塞杆行程的限位。
进一步地,所述定位环设置有凹槽,所述缸体的内侧设置有凸起,所述凸起与所述凹槽配合设置,固定环通过此配合固定于缸体上。
进一步地,所述的缸体的上下腔室内充填有液体。
活塞杆伸出外部的一端连接运动机构,需要对运动机构在活塞杆移动方向缓冲减速时,腔室密封圈封闭排液槽,缸体腔室内液体由活塞的通孔、活塞杆的锥形段同活塞中心孔的间隙进入另外一个腔室,产生阻尼力,控制活塞杆的伸出速度;活塞杆复位时,腔室密封圈开启排液槽,缸体腔室内液体通过排液槽返回。活塞杆锥形段同活塞中心孔的配合间隙的大小直接影响活塞杆的阻尼力。
当负载发生变化,需要变化阻尼力时,在活塞杆伸出行程的末端,活塞同定位环的凹凸形状啮合后,顺时针或逆时针旋转活塞杆,活塞杆可沿缸体轴向向下或向上移动,可以调节活塞杆锥形段同活塞中心孔的配合间隙变小或变大,对阻尼力进行调整。
有益效果:本发明装置结构简单可靠,通过旋转活塞杆可以容易地调节阻尼力。将本发明应用于机械运动装置时,可灵活地应对各种负载变化,节省成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明装置的立体外形图。
图2为本发明装置的剖视图。
图3为本发明装置的阻尼力最小状态的活塞部剖视放大图。
图4为本发明装置的阻尼力最大状态的活塞部剖视放大图。
图5为本发明装置的定位环部位的剖视放大图。
图6为本发明装置的定位环外形图。
图7为本发明装置的活塞外形图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图说明对本发明的实施例作进一步详细描述,但本实施例并不用于限制本发明,凡是采用本发明的相似机构及其相似变化,均应列入本发明的保护范围。
如图1至图7所示的一种阻尼力可调节的液压阻尼装置,包括:缸体(2)、活塞杆(1)、活塞(7)、定位环(4)、口部密封圈(5)、腔室密封圈(8)、导向套(3)、液体、螺母(6)、挡圈(9)。缸体(2)一端封闭,一端开口;导向套(3)、口部密封圈(5)、定位环(4)、活塞(7)、腔室密封圈(8)、螺母(6)、挡圈(9)依次设置在缸体(2)内;活塞杆(1)的一端伸入缸体(2)内,导向套(3)、口部密封圈(5)、定位环(4)均套在活塞杆(1)上,活塞(7)、腔室密封圈(8)、螺母(6)及挡圈(9)设置在活塞杆(1)伸入缸体(2)内部的一端。如图7所示,活塞(7)沿轴向设置有中心孔(706),中心孔(706)具有螺纹段,活塞(7)同活塞杆(1)伸入缸体(2)内的一端螺纹连接,活塞(7)的外圆柱面(707)上设置有贯穿外圆柱面(707)和中心孔(706)的通孔(701),活塞(7)的外圆柱面(707)径向设置有环槽(703)及联通环槽的排液槽(702),活塞(7)的底部设置有沉孔(705),如图3及图4所示,腔室密封圈(8)套装于活塞(7)的环槽(703)上且分割缸体(2)内腔为上腔室(201)及下腔室(202),活塞杆(1)伸入缸体(2)内的轴端具有锥形段(102),锥形段(102)穿过活塞的中心孔(706)并同中心孔(706)间隙配合,如图6及图7所示,活塞(7)同定位环(4)相对的一端具有凹槽(704),定位环(4)同活塞(7)相对的一端具有凸齿(402),凹槽(704)同凸齿(402)可以啮合。可选地,也可于活塞(7)同定位环(4)相对的一端设置凸齿,定位环(4)同活塞(7)相对的一端设置凹槽,凸齿同凹槽可以啮合。
如图5所示,口部密封圈(5)设置于导向套(3)及定位环(4)的中间,对缸体
(2)内的液体密封。定位环(4)与缸体(2)固定连接,用于活塞杆行程轴端的限位。定位环(4)设置有凹槽(401),缸体(2)的内侧设置有凸起(501),凸起(501)与凹槽(401)配合设置,固定环(4)通过此配合固定于缸体(2)上。
缸体(2)的上腔室(201)及下腔室(202)内充填液体。
如图3及图4所示,活塞杆(1)伸入缸体(2)的一端设置有螺纹段(103),活塞(7)通过中心孔(706)的螺纹段同活塞杆(1)的螺纹段(103)连接,螺母(6)及挡圈(9)固定在活塞杆(1)的螺纹端部(101)对活塞(7)限位。
本发明装置使用在机械运动机构时,阻尼力产生及调节的机制如下:
活塞杆(1)伸出外部的一端连接运动机构,需要对运动机构在活塞杆(1)伸出方向缓冲减速时,腔室密封圈(8)封闭排液槽(702),缸体(2)的上腔室(201)内液体由活塞(7)的通孔(701)、活塞杆(1)的锥形段(102)同活塞(7)的中心孔(706)的间隙进入下腔室(202),产生阻尼力,控制活塞杆(1)的伸出速度;活塞杆(1)复位时,腔室密封圈(8)开启排液槽(702),缸体(2)的下腔室(202)内液体通过排液槽(702)返回上腔室(201),使得活塞杆(1)快速复位。活塞杆(1)的锥形段(102)同活塞(7)的中心孔(706)的配合间隙的大小直接影响阻尼力。
当负载发生变化,需要变化阻尼力时,在活塞杆(1)伸出行程的末端,活塞(7)的凹槽(704)同定位环(4)的凸齿(402)啮合后,顺时针或逆时针旋转活塞杆(1),活塞杆(1)可沿缸体(2)的轴向向下或向上移动,可以调节活塞杆(1)的锥形段(102)同活塞(7)的中心孔(706)的配合间隙变小或变大,对阻尼力进行调整。
本发明装置结构简单可靠,通过旋转活塞杆(1)可轻易地调节活塞(7)的中心孔(706)同活塞杆(1)的锥形段(102)的间隙配合,从而调节阻尼力。将本发明应用于机械运动装置时,可灵活地应对各种负载变化,节省成本。

Claims (5)

1.一种阻尼力可调节的单向液压阻尼装置,包括:缸体、活塞杆、活塞、定位环、口部密封圈、腔室密封圈、导向套、液体;所述缸体一端封闭,一端开口;所述导向套、口部密封圈、定位环、活塞、腔室密封圈依次设置在所述缸体内;所述活塞杆的一端伸入缸体内,所述导向套、口部密封圈、定位环均套在所述活塞杆,所述活塞及所述腔室密封圈设置在所述活塞杆伸入所述缸体内部的一端,其特征在于:所述活塞轴向设置有中心孔,中心孔具有螺纹段,所述活塞同所述活塞杆伸入所述缸体内的一端螺纹连接,所述活塞的外圆柱面上设置有贯穿外圆柱面和中心孔的通孔,所述活塞的外圆柱面径向设置有环槽及联通环槽的排液槽,所述腔室密封圈套装于所述活塞的环槽上且分割所述缸体内腔为上下两个腔室,所述活塞杆伸入所述缸体内的轴端具有锥形段,锥形段穿过所述活塞中心孔并同中心孔间隙配合,所述活塞同所述定位环相对的一端具有互为凹凸的可以啮合的形状。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻尼力可调节的单向液压阻尼装置,其特征在于:所述的口部密封圈设置于导向套及定位环的中间。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻尼力可调节的单向液压阻尼装置,其特征在于:所述的定位环与所述的缸体固定连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻尼力可调节的单向液压阻尼装置,其特征在于:所述定位环设置有凹槽,所述缸体的内侧设置有凸起,所述凸起与所述凹槽配合设置。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻尼力可调节的单向液压阻尼装置,其特征在于:所述的缸体的上下腔室内充填有液体。
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