CN114737925B - Hydrofracturing coal rock mass gas seepage simulation device and extraction amount prediction method - Google Patents
Hydrofracturing coal rock mass gas seepage simulation device and extraction amount prediction method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gas seepage simulation device of a hydraulic fracturing coal rock mass and an extraction quantity prediction method, wherein the gas seepage simulation device is divided into a strong disturbance area, a weak disturbance area and an undisturbed area along the radial direction according to the fracture distribution characteristics of the hydraulic fracturing disturbed coal rock mass, the strong disturbance area, the weak disturbance area and the undisturbed area respectively correspond to a through-fracture coal rock sample, a micro-fracture coal rock sample and a complete coal rock sample, and the horizontal stress and the vertical stress of different partitions, the radius of the area range of the different partitions and the fracture development degree data are determined through numerical simulation; designing the gas pressure of the gas cylinder according to the gas pressure; the accurate gas seepage simulation test conforming to the actual working condition is realized by connecting the coal rock sample cavities in series, and the gas extraction amount of the coal rock layer under different hydraulic fracturing conditions is obtained, so that the method has important significance for guiding the actual engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal mine hydraulic fracturing gas extraction, in particular to a hydraulic fracturing disturbance coal rock mass gas seepage simulation device and a gas extraction amount prediction method.
Background
Coal mine gas is a large amount of gas generated by plants in the coal forming process, is also called coal bed gas and is stored in pores and cracks of a coal bed or a rock stratum; under the action of pressure, gas can be rapidly sprayed out of the cracks in large quantity, so that gas spraying or gas outburst danger is caused, meanwhile, the gas is inflammable and explosive gas, and when the concentration of the gas reaches a certain range, gas explosion accidents are easy to generate, and the safety of a mine is threatened; therefore, before coal mining, gas is extracted in advance, and hydraulic fracturing is usually performed on a coal seam in advance in order to improve the extraction amount, but the prediction accuracy of the gas extraction amount after hydraulic fracturing is insufficient in the prior art, and the influence of the hydraulic fracturing on the gas extraction amount due to different disturbance degrees of different areas is not considered.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a hydrofracturing disturbance coal-rock mass gas seepage simulation device which mainly comprises a gas cylinder, a pressure gauge, a cavity for a coal-rock sample, a pressure gauge, a flowmeter, a confining pressure pump, an axial pressure pump, a pneumatic pump, a valve and data recording equipment;
the gas cylinder is connected with the gas inlet of the first cavity through a pipeline, and a first valve, a pressure gauge, a second valve and a first pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the pipeline; the air outlet of the first cavity is connected with the air inlet of the second cavity through a pipeline, and a third valve and a second pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the pipeline; the air outlet of the second cavity is connected with the air inlet of the third cavity through a pipeline, and a fourth valve and a third pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the pipeline; the air outlet of the third cavity is connected with a pneumatic pump through a pipeline, and a flowmeter and a seventh valve are sequentially arranged on the pipeline;
the three cavities for the series coal rock samples are all connected with a stress loading system, and each stress loading system comprises a confining pressure pump for generating confining pressure on the coal rock sample in the cavity and an axial pressure pump for generating axial pressure on the coal rock sample in the cavity, and the confining pressure pump and the axial pressure pump can respectively construct different stresses on different cavities for the coal rock samples;
the pressure gauge, the flowmeter, the confining pressure pump, the axial pressure pump and the pneumatic pump are all connected with data recording equipment.
Preferably, the output end of the confining pressure pump is provided with a main pipeline, the main pipeline is connected with three branch pipelines which are connected in parallel, and the three branch pipelines are respectively provided with a fifth valve and then are respectively connected with the three cavities for the coal rock samples; the output end of the shaft pressure pump is provided with a main pipeline, the main pipeline is connected with three branch pipelines which are connected in parallel, the three branch pipelines are respectively provided with a sixth valve, and then the sixth valves are respectively connected with three cavities for coal rock samples.
Preferably, the data recording device is a computer with a display screen.
A gas extraction quantity prediction method adopts the hydrofracturing disturbed coal rock mass gas seepage simulation device and comprises the following steps:
a. actually measuring physical and mechanical parameters of the hydraulic fracturing coal rock stratum, wherein the physical and mechanical parameters comprise elastic modulus, poisson's ratio, uniaxial compressive strength, cohesive force, internal friction angle and tensile strength;
b. designing hydraulic fracturing parameters including fracturing hydraulic pressure, fracturing media and the presence or absence of a proppant;
c. measuring the horizontal stress, the vertical stress and the gas pressure of the hydraulic fracturing coal rock stratum;
d. performing hydraulic fracturing simulation by using hydraulic fracturing simulation software XSITE according to the parameters determined in the steps, and calculating the ranges of a strong disturbance area, a weak disturbance area and an undisturbed area which are sequentially formed along the radial direction of the hydraulic fracturing drilling hole;
e. extracting horizontal stress and vertical stress of coal rock masses in different zones; deriving the area range radius and fracture development degree data of different partitions;
f. making coal rock samples according to the fracture development degrees of different partitions, wherein a strong disturbance area corresponds to a through fracture coal rock sample, a weak disturbance area corresponds to a micro fracture coal rock sample, and an undisturbed area corresponds to a complete coal rock sample; selecting the corresponding coal and rock sample length according to the area range radius of the strong disturbance area and the weak disturbance area, and then determining the coal and rock sample length corresponding to the undisturbed area according to the gas extraction radius or the distance between gas extraction drill holes;
preferably, the through-fracture coal rock sample is obtained by laboratory shearing, specifically, two half coal rock samples are sheared; the micro-fracture coal rock sample is obtained through a uniaxial compression test, and specifically is a yield stage corresponding to a uniaxial compression stress-strain curve.
g. Respectively designing axial pressure and confining pressure of the three cavities according to stress environments of different regions of the coal rock sample determined by numerical simulation; designing the gas pressure of the gas cylinder according to the gas pressure;
h. sequentially placing the coal rock samples corresponding to the undisturbed region, the weak disturbed region and the strong disturbed region into a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity, and applying corresponding axial pressure and confining pressure to simulate real stratum conditions in the actual production process;
i. opening a gas bottle to supply gas to the simulation device;
preferably, a leak test is also performed, wetting the joints of the simulator with soapy water, if there are no air bubbles, the connection is good to ensure that the simulator does not leak gas before proceeding with the test.
j. Adjusting the initial gas pressure of the gas cylinder to a set value, closing the seventh valve, and beginning to adsorb the coal rock sample until the pressure of the pressure gauge is stable;
k. setting the air pressure of an air pressure pump as the field gas extraction pressure, opening a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve and a seventh valve, simulating the seepage process of gas from a complete coal rock sample to a coal rock sample penetrating through fractures, monitoring the gas pressure measured by a pressure gauge, and simultaneously monitoring the flow measured by a flow meter, thereby obtaining the gas extraction amount of the coal rock layer under the hydraulic fracturing condition;
and l, changing hydraulic fracturing parameters, and repeating the operations to obtain the gas extraction amount of the coal rock layer under different hydraulic fracturing conditions.
And after hydraulic fracturing, the hydraulic fracturing drilled hole is used as a gas extraction hole in the later period.
Has the advantages that: according to the fracture distribution characteristics of the hydrofracturing disturbed coal rock mass, the hydrofracturing disturbed coal rock mass is divided into a strong disturbed area, a weak disturbed area and an undisturbed area along the radial direction, and the strong disturbed area, the weak disturbed area and the undisturbed area respectively correspond to a through-fracture coal rock sample, a micro-fracture coal rock sample and a complete coal rock sample; the coal rock sample cavities are connected in series to realize an accurate gas seepage simulation test which accords with the actual working condition, and the gas extraction amount of the coal rock layer under different hydraulic fracturing conditions is obtained, so that the method has important significance for guiding the actual engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a gas seepage simulation device for a hydraulic fracturing disturbed coal rock mass according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a hydraulic fracturing coal-rock mass disturbance zone;
in the figure: the device comprises a gas cylinder 1, a confining pressure pump 2, an axial pressure pump 3, a pneumatic pump 4, a pressure gauge 5 and a flowmeter 6; the first valve F1, the second valve F2, the third valve F3, the fourth valve F4, the fifth valve F5, the sixth valve F6 and the seventh valve F7; p1 a first pressure gauge, P2 a second pressure gauge and P3 a third pressure gauge; q1 first cavity, Q2 second cavity, Q3 third cavity.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a hydrofracturing disturbance coal-rock mass gas seepage simulation device mainly comprises a gas cylinder 1, a pressure gauge 5, a cavity for a coal-rock sample, a pressure gauge, a flow meter 6, a confining pressure pump 2, an axial pressure pump 3, a pneumatic pump 4, a valve and data recording equipment;
the gas cylinder 1 is connected with an air inlet of the first cavity Q1 through a pipeline, and a first valve F1, a pressure gauge 5, a second valve F2 and a first pressure gauge P1 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline; the air outlet of the first cavity Q1 is connected with the air inlet of the second cavity Q2 through a pipeline, and a third valve F3 and a second pressure gauge P2 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline; the air outlet of the second cavity Q2 is connected with the air inlet of the third cavity Q3 through a pipeline, and a fourth valve F4 and a third pressure gauge P3 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline; the air outlet of the third cavity Q3 is connected with a pneumatic pump 4 through a pipeline, and a flow meter 6 and a seventh valve F7 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline;
the three cavities for the series coal rock samples are all connected with a stress loading system, and comprise a confining pressure pump 2 for generating confining pressure on the coal rock sample in the cavity in the circumferential direction perpendicular to the left-right direction, and an axial pressure pump 3 for generating axial pressure on the coal rock sample in the cavity in the left-right direction, wherein the confining pressure pump 2 and the axial pressure pump 3 can respectively construct different stresses on different cavities for the coal rock samples; the output end of the confining pressure pump 2 is provided with a main pipeline which is connected with three branch pipelines connected in parallel, and the three branch pipelines are respectively provided with a fifth valve F5 and then are respectively connected with three cavities for coal and rock samples; the output end of the shaft pressure pump 3 is provided with a main pipeline which is connected with three branch pipelines connected in parallel, and the three branch pipelines are respectively provided with a sixth valve F6 and then are respectively connected with three cavities for coal rock samples;
the pressure gauge 5, the pressure gauge, the flowmeter 6, the confining pressure pump 2, the axial pressure pump 3 and the air pressure pump 4 are all connected with data recording equipment; the data recording device has a display screen.
A gas extraction quantity prediction method adopts the hydrofracturing disturbed coal rock mass gas seepage simulation device and comprises the following steps:
a. actually measuring physical and mechanical parameters of the hydraulic fracturing coal rock stratum, wherein the physical and mechanical parameters comprise elastic modulus, poisson's ratio, uniaxial compressive strength, cohesive force, internal friction angle and tensile strength;
b. designing hydraulic fracturing parameters including fracturing water pressure, fracturing media and the presence or absence of a proppant;
c. measuring the horizontal stress, the vertical stress and the gas pressure of the hydraulic fracturing coal rock stratum;
d. performing hydraulic fracturing simulation by using hydraulic fracturing simulation software XSITE according to the parameters determined in the steps, and calculating the ranges of a strong disturbance area, a weak disturbance area and an undisturbed area which are sequentially formed along the radial direction of the hydraulic fracturing drill hole, wherein the ranges are shown in figure 2;
e. extracting horizontal stress and vertical stress of coal rock masses in different zones; deriving the area range radius and fracture development degree data of different partitions;
f. making coal rock samples according to the fracture development degrees of different partitions, wherein a strong disturbance area corresponds to a through fracture coal rock sample, a weak disturbance area corresponds to a micro fracture coal rock sample, and an undisturbed area corresponds to a complete coal rock sample; selecting corresponding coal and rock sample lengths according to the area range radiuses of the strong disturbance area and the weak disturbance area, and then determining the coal and rock sample length corresponding to the undisturbed area according to the gas extraction radius or the distance between gas extraction drill holes (gas extraction holes are hydraulic fracturing drill holes which are used as gas extraction holes after hydraulic fracturing);
wherein the through fracture coal and rock sample is obtained by shearing in a laboratory, specifically, two halves of the coal and rock sample are sheared; the micro-fracture coal rock sample is obtained through a uniaxial compression test, and specifically is a yield stage corresponding to a uniaxial compression stress-strain curve;
g. respectively designing axial pressure and confining pressure of the three cavities according to stress environments of different regions of the coal rock sample determined by numerical simulation; designing the gas pressure of the gas bottle 1 according to the gas pressure;
h. sequentially placing coal and rock samples corresponding to an undisturbed area, a weak disturbed area and a strong disturbed area into a first cavity Q1, a second cavity Q2 and a third cavity Q3, and applying corresponding axial pressure and confining pressure to simulate real stratum conditions in the actual production process;
i. opening a gas bottle 1 to supply gas to the simulation device; carrying out leakage detection, wetting the joint of the simulation device by soap water, and if no bubble exists, connecting well to ensure that gas cannot leak from the simulation device before continuing the test;
j. adjusting the initial gas pressure of the gas cylinder 1 to a set value, closing the seventh valve F7, and starting to adsorb the coal and rock sample until the pressure of the pressure gauge is stable;
k. setting the air pressure of an air pressure pump 4 as the field gas extraction pressure, opening a first valve F1, a second valve F2, a third valve F3, a fourth valve F4 and a seventh valve F7, simulating the seepage process of gas from a complete coal rock sample to a fracture coal rock sample (from an undisturbed area to a strong disturbed area), monitoring the gas pressure measured by a pressure gauge, and simultaneously monitoring the flow measured by a flow meter 6, thereby obtaining the gas extraction quantity of a coal rock layer under the hydraulic fracturing condition;
and l, changing hydraulic fracturing parameters, repeating the operations to obtain the gas extraction amount of the coal rock layer under different hydraulic fracturing conditions, and guiding actual engineering according to test results to select the optimal hydraulic fracturing parameters.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. A gas extraction quantity prediction method adopts a hydraulic fracturing disturbance coal rock mass gas seepage simulation device, wherein the gas seepage simulation device comprises a gas cylinder, a pressure gauge, a cavity for a coal rock sample, a pressure gauge, a flowmeter, a confining pressure pump, an axial pressure pump, a pneumatic pump, a valve and data recording equipment;
the gas cylinder is connected with the gas inlet of the first cavity through a pipeline, and a first valve, a pressure gauge, a second valve and a first pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the pipeline which is communicated with the gas cylinder and the gas inlet of the first cavity; the air outlet of the first cavity is connected with the air inlet of the second cavity through a pipeline, and a third valve and a second pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the pipeline which communicates the air outlet of one cavity with the air inlet of the second cavity; the air outlet of the second cavity is connected with the air inlet of the third cavity through a pipeline, and a fourth valve and a third pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the pipeline connecting the air outlet of the second cavity and the air inlet of the third cavity; the air outlet of the third cavity is connected with a pneumatic pump through a pipeline, and a flow meter and a seventh valve are sequentially arranged on the pipeline connecting the air outlet of the third cavity and the pneumatic pump; the three cavities for the series coal rock samples are all connected with a stress loading system, and each stress loading system comprises a confining pressure pump for generating confining pressure on the coal rock sample in the cavity and an axial pressure pump for generating axial pressure on the coal rock sample in the cavity, and the confining pressure pump and the axial pressure pump can respectively construct different stresses on different cavities for the coal rock samples; the pressure gauge, the flowmeter, the confining pressure pump, the axial pressure pump and the pneumatic pump are all connected with data recording equipment;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. actually measuring physical and mechanical parameters of the hydraulic fracturing coal rock stratum, wherein the physical and mechanical parameters comprise elastic modulus, poisson's ratio, uniaxial compressive strength, cohesive force, internal friction angle and tensile strength;
b. designing hydraulic fracturing parameters including fracturing water pressure, fracturing media and the presence or absence of a proppant;
c. measuring the horizontal stress, the vertical stress and the gas pressure of the hydraulic fracturing coal rock stratum;
d. performing hydraulic fracturing simulation by using hydraulic fracturing simulation software XSITE according to the parameters determined in the steps, and calculating the range of a strong disturbance area, a weak disturbance area and an undisturbed area which are sequentially formed along the radial direction of a hydraulic fracturing drilling hole;
e. extracting horizontal stress and vertical stress of coal rock masses in different zones; deriving the area range radius and fracture development degree data of different partitions;
f. making coal rock samples according to the fracture development degrees of different partitions, wherein a strong disturbance area corresponds to a through fracture coal rock sample, a weak disturbance area corresponds to a micro fracture coal rock sample, and an undisturbed area corresponds to a complete coal rock sample; selecting the corresponding coal and rock sample length according to the area range radius of the strong disturbance area and the weak disturbance area, and then determining the coal and rock sample length corresponding to the undisturbed area according to the gas extraction radius or the distance between gas extraction drill holes;
g. respectively designing axial pressure and confining pressure of the three cavities according to stress environments of different regions of the coal rock sample determined by numerical simulation; designing the gas pressure of the gas cylinder according to the gas pressure;
h. sequentially placing coal rock samples corresponding to an undisturbed zone, a weak disturbed zone and a strong disturbed zone into a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity, and applying corresponding axial pressure and confining pressure to simulate real stratum conditions in the actual production process;
i. opening a gas cylinder to supply gas to the simulation device;
j. adjusting the initial gas pressure of the gas cylinder to a set value, closing the seventh valve, and beginning to adsorb the coal rock sample until the pressure of the pressure gauge is stable;
k. setting the air pressure of an air pressure pump as the field gas extraction pressure, opening a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve and a seventh valve, simulating the seepage process of gas from a complete coal rock sample to a fractured coal rock sample, monitoring the gas pressure measured by a pressure gauge, and monitoring the flow measured by a flow meter at the same time, thereby obtaining the gas extraction amount of the coal rock layer under the hydraulic fracturing condition;
and l, changing hydraulic fracturing parameters, and repeating the steps c-k to obtain the gas extraction amount of the coal rock layer under different hydraulic fracturing conditions.
2. The method for predicting the gas extraction amount according to claim 1, wherein a main pipeline is arranged at an output end of the confining pressure pump, the main pipeline is connected with three branch pipelines connected in parallel, and the three branch pipelines are respectively provided with a fifth valve and then are respectively connected with three cavities for coal and rock samples; the output end of the axial pressure pump is provided with a main pipeline, the main pipeline is connected with three branch pipelines connected in parallel, the three branch pipelines are respectively provided with a sixth valve, and then the sixth valves are respectively connected with the three cavities for the coal rock samples.
3. The gas extraction amount prediction method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step f, the through fracture coal rock sample is obtained by laboratory shearing, specifically, two half coal rock samples are sheared; the micro-fracture coal-rock sample is obtained through a uniaxial compression test, and specifically is a yield stage corresponding to a uniaxial compression stress-strain curve.
4. The method for predicting the gas extraction amount according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step i, leakage detection is further performed, the joint of the simulation device is wetted with soapy water, and if no bubble exists, the joint is good so as to ensure that the simulation device does not leak gas before continuing the test.
5. The method for predicting the gas extraction amount according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydraulic fracturing borehole is used as a gas extraction hole in a later stage after hydraulic fracturing.
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| US4305464A (en) * | 1979-10-19 | 1981-12-15 | Algas Resources Ltd. | Method for recovering methane from coal seams |
| CN212958571U (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-04-13 | 江苏诗礼石油科研仪器有限公司 | Coal seam gas extraction device |
| US11125069B1 (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-09-21 | Ergo Exergy Technologies Inc. | Underground coal gasification and associated systems and methods |
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