CN114737186A - 一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层，包括氧化铝粗糙层，所述氧化铝粗糙层上沉积有聚四氟乙烯涂层，所述聚四氟乙烯涂层由纳米片和纳米线交错形成的“鸟巢”状粗糙结构。本发明通过阳极氧化法在金属表面刻蚀，处理后的金属表面结构和形貌多样化，能够简单快捷的创造粗糙表面，适用于大多数金属和合金的基底，能够提高当前除冰和防冰的效率，降低能源消耗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及除冰防冰技术领域，尤其涉及一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层。
背景技术
近年来，由于全球气候恶化和环境的破坏，结冰的自然现象正在演变成对人类社会的巨大灾害，因此，研究和开发除冰防冰系统，避免或减少结冰现象对人类社会造成危害和损失，在电力设备上的应用具有重要意义。
润湿性是固体表面的重要性质，一般用液滴与固体表面的接触角进行表征，当水滴与固体表面的接触角大于150°，该固体表面被称为超疏水表面，超疏水表面因其独特的表面性能，如自清洁、抗污、防腐蚀、防结冰等特点，广泛应用于日常生活、国防、工农业等领域中，从而引起人们极大的兴趣，受自然界超疏水表面的启发，人们通过对仿生结构的模拟及疏水表面改性，越来越多的人工超疏水表面被制备出来，制备方法包括模板法、溶胶凝胶法、静电纺丝法、化学沉积法等；但是现有的超疏水表面制备方法，大多存在制备工艺相对复杂、成本较高、与基底间的附着力差等缺点，这成为超疏水材料实际应用的阻碍之一。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题，本发明提出了一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层。
本发明提出的一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层，包括氧化铝粗糙层，所述氧化铝粗糙层上沉积有聚四氟乙烯涂层，所述聚四氟乙烯涂层由纳米片和纳米线交错形成的“鸟巢”状粗糙结构。
优选的，所述聚四氟乙烯涂层表面静态接触角为165°，滚动角为3°。
优选的，所述超疏水涂层包括如下制备步骤：
S1首先在抛光的6061型铝合金基材上采用阳极氧化的方法在表面创造出一层微-纳米结构的氧化铝粗糙层；
S2然后，再用射频溅射的方法在氧化铝粗糙层上沉积上聚四氟乙烯涂层。
优选的，所述步骤S1的6061型铝合金基材被置于不同浓度的草酸电解液中阳极氧化制备一层厚度均匀、孔径大小可控的氧化铝层。
优选的，所述步骤S2，在低温条件下，将聚四氟乙烯采用浸渍的方法涂覆在步骤S1处理后的氧化铝粗糙层上。
优选的，所述低温条件为-320℃。
优选的，所述氧化铝粗糙层的孔径大小为1.5-4微米。
优选的，所述氧化铝粗糙层上设置有粘接剂，粘接剂位于氧化铝粗糙层与聚四氟乙烯涂层之间。
本发明中，所述一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层，通过阳极氧化法在金属表面刻蚀，处理后的金属表面结构和形貌多样化，能够简单快捷的创造粗糙表面，适用于大多数金属和合金的基底，能够提高当前除冰和防冰的效率，降低能源消耗。
附图说明
图1为本发明提出的一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层的制备流程示意图；
图2为氧化铝粗糙层示意图；
图3为6061型铝合金基材疏水示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
实施例。
参照图1-3，一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层，包括氧化铝粗糙层，氧化铝粗糙层上沉积有聚四氟乙烯涂层，聚四氟乙烯涂层由纳米片和纳米线交错形成的“鸟巢”状粗糙结构。
本发明中，聚四氟乙烯涂层表面静态接触角为165°，滚动角为3°。
本发明中，超疏水涂层包括如下制备步骤：
S1首先在抛光的6061型铝合金基材上采用阳极氧化的方法在表面创造出一层微-纳米结构的氧化铝粗糙层；
S2然后，再用射频溅射的方法在氧化铝粗糙层上沉积上聚四氟乙烯涂层。
6061型铝合金基材阳极氧化参数和氧化铝特征参数如下：
本发明中，步骤S1的6061型铝合金基材被置于不同浓度的草酸电解液中阳极氧化制备一层厚度均匀、孔径大小可控的氧化铝层。
本发明中，步骤S2，在低温条件下，将聚四氟乙烯采用浸渍的方法涂覆在步骤S1处理后的氧化铝粗糙层上。
本发明中，低温条件为-320℃。
本发明中，氧化铝粗糙层的孔径大小为1.5-4微米。
本发明中，氧化铝粗糙层上设置有粘接剂，粘接剂位于氧化铝粗糙层与聚四氟乙烯涂层之间。
本发明：首先在抛光的6061型铝合金基材上采用阳极氧化的方法在表面创造出一层微-纳米结构的氧化铝粗糙层，6061型铝合金基材被置于不同浓度的草酸电解液中阳极氧化制备一层厚度均匀、孔径大小可控的氧化铝层；然后，再用射频溅射的方法在氧化铝粗糙层上沉积上聚四氟乙烯涂层，在低温条件下，将聚四氟乙烯采用浸渍的方法涂覆在处理后的氧化铝粗糙层上。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层，其特征在于，包括氧化铝粗糙层，所述氧化铝粗糙层上沉积有聚四氟乙烯涂层，所述聚四氟乙烯涂层由纳米片和纳米线交错形成的“鸟巢”状粗糙结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层，其特征在于，所述聚四氟乙烯涂层表面静态接触角为165°，滚动角为3°。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层，其特征在于，所述超疏水涂层包括如下制备步骤：
S1首先在抛光的6061型铝合金基材上采用阳极氧化的方法在表面创造出一层微-纳米结构的氧化铝粗糙层；
S2然后，再用射频溅射的方法在氧化铝粗糙层上沉积上聚四氟乙烯涂层。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层，其特征在于，所述步骤S1的6061型铝合金基材被置于不同浓度的草酸电解液中阳极氧化制备一层厚度均匀、孔径大小可控的氧化铝层。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层，其特征在于，所述步骤S2，在低温条件下，将聚四氟乙烯采用浸渍的方法涂覆在步骤S1处理后的氧化铝粗糙层上。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层，其特征在于，所述低温条件为-320℃。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层，其特征在于，所述氧化铝粗糙层的孔径大小为1.5-4微米。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于电力设备表面防结冰的结构化超疏水涂层，其特征在于，所述氧化铝粗糙层上设置有粘接剂，粘接剂位于氧化铝粗糙层与聚四氟乙烯涂层之间。
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| US20170002475A1 (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2017-01-05 | Airbus Defence and Space GmbH | Method for manufacturing as well as use of a polished nanostructured metallic surface having water- and ice- repellent characteristics |
| CN107354434A (zh) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-17 | 重庆大学 | 一种超双疏涂层的制备方法 |
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