CN114736469B - 一种防火阻燃型汽车地板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及汽车地板技术领域,尤其涉及一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,包括以下重量份数计算的组分:PVC树脂粉110‑120份、碳酸钙粉末122‑131份、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料65‑75份、PVC润滑剂‑600.6‑1.2份、OA60.5‑1份、PE蜡0.8‑1.1份、稳定剂7.2‑8.4份、黄发泡0.24‑0.52份、白发泡1.85‑2.15份、氯化聚乙烯CPE1350.85‑1.2份和PVC加工助剂15‑17份,该防火阻燃型汽车地板中,原料中所采用的组分价格低,环保性能好,且制备工艺相对简单,得到的防火阻燃型汽车地板其硬度高、耐磨性能好,防火等级符合UL94V‑0级要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车地板技术领域,尤其涉及一种防火阻燃型汽车地板。
背景技术
PVC地板也称为“轻体地材”,它是采用聚氯乙烯材料生产的地板。同时PVC地板因具有生产成本低、使用寿命长、环保效果好等优点而日益得到广泛的使用。但是,目前的PVC地板也存在一些不足之处,主要表现在强度不高、不耐磨损,由于PVC地板中能够起到粘接作用的主要就是PVC树脂粉,但PVC树脂粉的耐磨性能不好,需要通过填料进行补充,由于填料的比重明显大于PVC地板中的其他组分,且填料表面比较圆滑,注塑过程中,填料会在熔融液中随着液流无规则的移动,最终导致填料分布不均,使得生产出的PVC地板的耐磨程度不均,即填料集中的区域耐磨性能好,填料密度低的区域耐磨性能差,导致PVC地板在长时间使用后,不耐磨的地方会被先磨掉,导致地板上端面会变的比较毛糙,最终PVC地板上端面与空气接触面积增大,使得PVC地板防火阻燃性能有所降低,具有一定的安全隐患。
因此,我们提出了一种防火阻燃型汽车地板用于解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点,而提出的一种防火阻燃型汽车地板。
一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,包括以下重量份数计算的组分:PVC树脂粉110-120份、碳酸钙粉末122-131份、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料65-75份、PVC润滑剂-600.6-1.2份、OA60.5-1份、PE蜡0.8-1.1份、稳定剂7.2-8.4份、黄发泡0.24-0.52份、白发泡1.85-2.15份、氯化聚乙烯CPE1350.85-1.2份和PVC加工助剂15-17份。
优选的,所述凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料制备方法包括以下步骤:将PVC地板回料放入粉碎机中粉碎成粉末状,进行过筛处理,然后将过筛得到的粉末加入到酸溶液中进行搅拌处理,搅拌的转速为200-400r/min,搅拌时间60-120min,完毕后,过滤、洗涤,然后将滤饼加入到凹凸棒土浆液中进行高速搅拌处理,高速搅拌的转速为1200-1800r/min,搅拌时间30-45min,其中凹凸棒土浆液中固含量为6%-8%,滤饼与凹凸棒土浆液的质量比为1:5-20,高速搅拌完毕后静置12-24h,捞出漂浮物,将漂浮物洗涤、烘干至含水量为1-2%,烘干温度为40-80℃,微波处理3-5s,得到凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料。
优选的,所述过筛处理中,筛网的目数为120目-200目。
优选的,所述酸溶液中,H+的浓度为0.1-0.3mol/L,酸溶液为盐酸、硫酸和硝酸中的一种。
优选的,所述稳定剂为钙锌复合稳定剂、钡锌复合稳定剂和钾锌复合稳定剂中的一种。
优选的,还包括荧光增白剂和颜料,其中荧光增白剂的用量为0.06-0.1份,颜料的用量为0.05-0.09份。
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、将PVC树脂粉、碳酸钙粉末、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料、PVC润滑剂-60、OA6、PE蜡、稳定剂、黄发泡、白发泡、氯化聚乙烯CPE135放入混料机中混合20-25min,混合过程中控制混合物的温度为100-110℃;
S2、然后将搅拌好的材料放入冷却罐中,进行自然降温,降温到40-60℃;
S3、将降温后的材料放入注塑机中,在210-225℃的温度中进行注塑,得到防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料;
S4、防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料经过冷却,裁剪后得到防火阻燃型汽车地板。
所述S1中,碳酸钙粉末的目数为400目-600目。
所述S2中,自然降温过程中,对材料进行搅拌处理。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、该防火阻燃型汽车地板中,原料中所采用的组分价格低,环保性能好,且制备工艺相对简单,得到的防火阻燃型汽车地板其硬度高、耐磨性能好,防火等级符合UL94V-0级要求。
2、该防火阻燃型汽车地板中,含有凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料,凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料制备过程中,先通过酸溶液去除了回料中的碳酸钙粉末,在PVC地板回料的表面“刻蚀”出微孔,再与凹凸棒土浆液混合处理,由于凹凸棒土本身是微米级,凹凸棒土能够通过其棒状结构插入到PVC地板回料上的微孔内,即通过凹凸棒土在PVC地板回料的表面形成了一些不规则的“凸刺”,使得凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料与汽车地板中粘性组分之间连接紧密,注塑过程中,通过凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料在熔融液中形成无数个“障碍物”,阻碍填料随意的流动,提高填料分布的均匀性,最终提高汽车地板的强度以及耐磨损性能,汽车地板长时间使用后,其上表面能够保持较平整的状态,提升汽车地板的阻燃性能,且凹凸棒土本身也具有一定的防火性能,进一步的提高该防火阻燃型汽车地板的阻燃性能。
3、制备凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料时,对烘干后的物料进行微波处理,由于凹凸棒土的比表面积大,凹凸棒土的吸水性能远大于PVC地板回料,因此,烘干后的物料中,水分主要集中在凹凸棒土内,凹凸棒土的损耗系数大,导致微波处理过程中,凹凸棒土升温速率明显快于PVC地板回料,凹凸棒土被快速加热,与凹凸棒土接触处的PVC地板回料会被凹凸棒土融化,冷却后PVC地板回料再次固化,凹凸棒土与PVC地板回料粘接在一起,提高凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料之间的粘接强度,保证凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料的使用效果。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步解说。
PVC加工助剂购至山东东临新材料股份有限公司,型号为PL-300;黄发泡为偶氮二甲酞胺、偶氮二异丁晴、亚硝基类发泡剂或酞肪类发泡剂;白发泡为碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢铵、碳酸铵或叠氮化合物,OA6为聚乙烯蜡润湿剂。
实施例1中,一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,包括以下重量份数计算的组分:PVC树脂粉110份、碳酸钙粉末122份、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料65份、PVC润滑剂-600.6份、OA60.5份、PE蜡0.8份、稳定剂7.2份、黄发泡0.24份、白发泡1.85份、氯化聚乙烯CPE1350.85份和PVC加工助剂15份。
凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料制备方法包括以下步骤:将PVC地板回料放入粉碎机中粉碎成粉末状,进行过筛处理,然后将过筛得到的粉末加入到酸溶液中进行搅拌处理,搅拌的转速为200r/min,搅拌时间60min,完毕后,过滤、洗涤,然后将滤饼加入到凹凸棒土浆液中进行高速搅拌处理,高速搅拌的转速为1200r/min,搅拌时间30min,其中凹凸棒土浆液中固含量为6%,滤饼与凹凸棒土浆液的质量比为1:5,高速搅拌完毕后静置12h,捞出漂浮物,将漂浮物洗涤、烘干至含水量为1.6%,烘干温度为40℃,微波处理3s,得到凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料。
过筛处理中,筛网的目数为120目。
酸溶液中,H+的浓度为0.1mol/L,酸溶液为盐酸。
稳定剂为钙锌复合稳定剂。
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、将PVC树脂粉、碳酸钙粉末、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料、PVC润滑剂-60、OA6、PE蜡、稳定剂、黄发泡、白发泡、氯化聚乙烯CPE135放入混料机中混合20min,混合过程中控制混合物的温度为100℃;
S2、然后将搅拌好的材料放入冷却罐中,进行自然降温,降温到40℃;
S3、将降温后的材料放入注塑机中,在210℃的温度中进行注塑,得到防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料;
S4、防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料经过冷却,裁剪后得到防火阻燃型汽车地板。
S1中,碳酸钙粉末的目数为400目。
S2中,自然降温过程中,对材料进行搅拌处理。
实施例2中,一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,包括以下重量份数计算的组分:PVC树脂粉120份、碳酸钙粉末131份、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料75份、PVC润滑剂-601.2份、OA61份、PE蜡1.1份、稳定剂8.4份、黄发泡0.52份、白发泡2.15份、氯化聚乙烯CPE1351.2份和PVC加工助剂17份。
凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料制备方法包括以下步骤:将PVC地板回料放入粉碎机中粉碎成粉末状,进行过筛处理,然后将过筛得到的粉末加入到酸溶液中进行搅拌处理,搅拌的转速为400r/min,搅拌时间120min,完毕后,过滤、洗涤,然后将滤饼加入到凹凸棒土浆液中进行高速搅拌处理,高速搅拌的转速为1800r/min,搅拌时间45min,其中凹凸棒土浆液中固含量为8%,滤饼与凹凸棒土浆液的质量比为1:20,高速搅拌完毕后静置24h,捞出漂浮物,将漂浮物洗涤、烘干至含水量为1.2%,烘干温度为80℃,微波处理5s,得到凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料。
过筛处理中,筛网的目数为200目。
酸溶液中,H+的浓度为0.3mol/L,酸溶液为硫酸。
稳定剂为钡锌复合稳定剂。
还包括荧光增白剂和颜料,其中荧光增白剂的用量为0.06份,颜料的用量为0.05份。
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、将PVC树脂粉、碳酸钙粉末、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料、PVC润滑剂-60、OA6、PE蜡、稳定剂、黄发泡、白发泡、氯化聚乙烯CPE135、荧光增白剂和颜料放入混料机中混合25min,混合过程中控制混合物的温度为110℃;
S2、然后将搅拌好的材料放入冷却罐中,进行自然降温,降温到60℃;
S3、将降温后的材料放入注塑机中,在225℃的温度中进行注塑,得到防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料;
S4、防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料经过冷却,裁剪后得到防火阻燃型汽车地板。
S1中,碳酸钙粉末的目数为600目。
S2中,自然降温过程中,对材料进行搅拌处理。
实施例3中,一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,包括以下重量份数计算的组分:PVC树脂粉115份、碳酸钙粉末126份、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料70份、PVC润滑剂-600.9份、OA60.75份、PE蜡1.0份、稳定剂7.6份、黄发泡0.36份、白发泡1.95份、氯化聚乙烯CPE1351.1份和PVC加工助剂16份。
凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料制备方法包括以下步骤:将PVC地板回料放入粉碎机中粉碎成粉末状,进行过筛处理,然后将过筛得到的粉末加入到酸溶液中进行搅拌处理,搅拌的转速为300r/min,搅拌时间70min,完毕后,过滤、洗涤,然后将滤饼加入到凹凸棒土浆液中进行高速搅拌处理,高速搅拌的转速为1500r/min,搅拌时间40min,其中凹凸棒土浆液中固含量为7%,滤饼与凹凸棒土浆液的质量比为1:12,高速搅拌完毕后静置12-24h,捞出漂浮物,将漂浮物洗涤、烘干至含水量为1.5%,烘干温度为60℃,微波处理4s,得到凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料。
过筛处理中,筛网的目数为140目。
酸溶液中,H+的浓度为00.2mol/L,酸溶液为硫酸。
稳定剂为钙锌复合稳定剂、钡锌复合稳定剂和钾锌复合稳定剂中的一种。
还包括荧光增白剂和颜料,其中荧光增白剂的用量为0.1份,颜料的用量为0.09份。
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、将PVC树脂粉、碳酸钙粉末、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料、PVC润滑剂-60、OA6、PE蜡、稳定剂、黄发泡、白发泡、氯化聚乙烯CPE135、荧光增白剂和颜料放入混料机中混合22min,混合过程中控制混合物的温度为105℃;
S2、然后将搅拌好的材料放入冷却罐中,进行自然降温,降温到55℃;
S3、将降温后的材料放入注塑机中,在220℃的温度中进行注塑,得到防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料;
S4、防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料经过冷却,裁剪后得到防火阻燃型汽车地板。
S1中,碳酸钙粉末的目数为500目。
S2中,自然降温过程中,对材料进行搅拌处理。
实施例4中,一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,包括以下重量份数计算的组分:PVC树脂粉115份、碳酸钙粉末126份、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料70份、PVC润滑剂-600.9份、OA60.75份、PE蜡1.0份、稳定剂7.6份、黄发泡0.36份、白发泡1.95份、氯化聚乙烯CPE1351.1份和PVC加工助剂16.2份。
凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料制备方法包括以下步骤:将PVC地板回料放入粉碎机中粉碎成粉末状,进行过筛处理,然后将过筛得到的粉末加入到酸溶液中进行搅拌处理,搅拌的转速为300r/min,搅拌时间70min,完毕后,过滤、洗涤,然后将滤饼加入到凹凸棒土浆液中进行高速搅拌处理,高速搅拌的转速为1500r/min,搅拌时间40min,其中凹凸棒土浆液中固含量为7%,滤饼与凹凸棒土浆液的质量比为1:12,高速搅拌完毕后静置12-24h,捞出漂浮物,将漂浮物洗涤、烘干至含水量为2%,烘干温度为50℃,微波处理5s,得到凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料。
过筛处理中,筛网的目数为140目。
酸溶液中,H+的浓度为0.1mol/L,酸溶液硝酸。
稳定剂为钙锌复合稳定剂。
还包括荧光增白剂和颜料,其中荧光增白剂的用量为0.08份,颜料的用量为0.07份。
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、将PVC树脂粉、碳酸钙粉末、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料、PVC润滑剂-60、OA6、PE蜡、稳定剂、黄发泡、白发泡、氯化聚乙烯CPE135放入混料机中混合25min,混合过程中控制混合物的温度为110℃;
S2、然后将搅拌好的材料放入冷却罐中,进行自然降温,降温到40-60℃;
S3、将降温后的材料放入注塑机中,225℃的温度中进行注塑,得到防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料;
S4、防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料经过冷却,裁剪后得到防火阻燃型汽车地板。
S1中,碳酸钙粉末的目数为600目。
实施例5中,一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,包括以下重量份数计算的组分:PVC树脂粉115份、碳酸钙粉末126份、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料70份、PVC润滑剂-600.9份、OA60.75份、PE蜡1.0份、稳定剂7.6份、黄发泡0.36份、白发泡1.95份、氯化聚乙烯CPE1351.1份和PVC加工助剂16.2份。
凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料制备方法包括以下步骤:将PVC地板回料放入粉碎机中粉碎成粉末状,进行过筛处理,然后将过筛得到的粉末加入到酸溶液中进行搅拌处理,搅拌的转速为300r/min,搅拌时间70min,完毕后,过滤、洗涤,然后将滤饼加入到凹凸棒土浆液中进行高速搅拌处理,高速搅拌的转速为1500r/min,搅拌时间40min,其中凹凸棒土浆液中固含量为7%,滤饼与凹凸棒土浆液的质量比为1:12,高速搅拌完毕后静置12-24h,捞出漂浮物,将漂浮物洗涤、烘干至含水量为1%,烘干温度为70℃,微波处理4s,得到凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料。
过筛处理中,筛网的目数为140目。
酸溶液中,H+的浓度为0.1mol/L,酸溶液硝酸。
稳定剂为钙锌复合稳定剂。
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、将PVC树脂粉、碳酸钙粉末、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料、PVC润滑剂-60、OA6、PE蜡、稳定剂、黄发泡、白发泡、氯化聚乙烯CPE135放入混料机中混合20min,混合过程中控制混合物的温度为100℃;
S2、然后将搅拌好的材料放入冷却罐中,进行自然降温,降温到40℃;
S3、将降温后的材料放入注塑机中,在210℃的温度中进行注塑,得到防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料;
S4、防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料经过冷却,裁剪后得到防火阻燃型汽车地板。
S1中,碳酸钙粉末的目数为400目。
S2中,自然降温过程中,对材料进行搅拌处理。
对比例1中,与实施例3相比,未添加凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料,其余部分相同。
对比例2中,与实施例3相比,添加等量的PVC地板回料来代替凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料,其余部分相同。
对比例3中,与实施例3相比,凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料制备过程中末加入酸溶液进行搅拌处理,其余部分相同。
对比例4中,与实施例3相比,凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料制备过程中末进行微波处理,其余部分相同。
将实施例1-5生产的防火阻燃型汽车地板与对比例1-4的性能进行比较,结果见表1:
表1
需要说明的是,表1中对比例3和对比例4中的耐火性能与实施例1-5一致,但是检测经过耐磨等级测试后的地板耐火性能时,实施例1-5的耐火性能仍能够保持在UL94 V-0级,而对比例3和对比例4的耐火性能会降低到UL94 V-1级。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,其特征在于,包括以下重量份数计算的组分:PVC树脂粉110-120份、碳酸钙粉末122-131份、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料65-75份、PVC润滑剂-60 0.6-1.2份、OA6 0.5-1份、PE蜡0.8-1.1份、稳定剂7.2-8.4份、黄发泡0.24-0.52份、白发泡1.85-2.15份、氯化聚乙烯CPE135 0.85-1.2份和PVC加工助剂15-17份;
所述凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料制备方法包括以下步骤:将PVC地板回料放入粉碎机中粉碎成粉末状,进行过筛处理,然后将过筛得到的粉末加入到酸溶液中进行搅拌处理,搅拌的转速为200-400r/min,搅拌时间60-120min,完毕后,过滤、洗涤,然后将滤饼加入到凹凸棒土浆液中进行高速搅拌处理,高速搅拌的转速为1200-1800r/min,搅拌时间30-45min,其中凹凸棒土浆液中固含量为6%-8%,滤饼与凹凸棒土浆液的质量比为1:5-20,高速搅拌完毕后静置12-24h,捞出漂浮物,将漂浮物洗涤、烘干至含水量为1-2%,烘干温度为40-80℃,微波处理3-5s,得到凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料;
所述酸溶液中,H+的浓度为0.1-0.3mol/L,酸溶液为盐酸、硫酸和硝酸中的一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,其特征在于,所述过筛处理中,筛网的目数为120目-200目。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,其特征在于,所述稳定剂为钙锌复合稳定剂、钡锌复合稳定剂和钾锌复合稳定剂中的一种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,其特征在于,还包括荧光增白剂和颜料,其中荧光增白剂的用量为0.06-0.1份,颜料的用量为0.05-0.09份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,其特征在于,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1、将PVC树脂粉、碳酸钙粉末、凹凸棒土/PVC地板回料、PVC润滑剂-60、OA6 、PE蜡、稳定剂、黄发泡、白发泡、氯化聚乙烯CPE135放入混料机中混合20-25min,混合过程中控制混合物的温度为100-110℃;
S2、然后将搅拌好的材料放入冷却罐中,进行自然降温,降温到40-60℃;
S3、将降温后的材料放入注塑机中,在210-225℃的温度中进行注塑,得到防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料;
S4、防火阻燃型汽车地板胚料经过冷却,裁剪后得到防火阻燃型汽车地板。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,其特征在于,所述S1中,碳酸钙粉末的目数为400目-600目。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种防火阻燃型汽车地板,其特征在于,所述S2中,自然降温过程中,对材料进行搅拌处理。
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