CN114729352A - 荧光素衍生物及其合成方法 - Google Patents
荧光素衍生物及其合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114729352A CN114729352A CN202080080534.3A CN202080080534A CN114729352A CN 114729352 A CN114729352 A CN 114729352A CN 202080080534 A CN202080080534 A CN 202080080534A CN 114729352 A CN114729352 A CN 114729352A
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Abstract
本公开涉及荧光素衍生物和荧光素衍生物的合成方法。合成荧光素衍生物的方法包括通过使用有毒酚衍生物作为底物进行第一反应,并通过使用耐热脱卤酶、一组自由基清除酶、一组多酚氧化酶和FADH2生成系统在缓冲溶液中使有毒酚衍生物反应以获得苯醌。FADH2生成系统能够生成FADH2,其是耐热脱卤酶的底物。此外,在衍生的苯醌和D‑半胱氨酸之间进行第二反应,以获得能够在600‑700nm波长下发光的荧光素衍生物。因此,荧光素衍生物可用于医学研究、药物研究和其他检测技术等各个领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及萤光素衍生物和萤光素衍生物的合成方法。更具体地说,萤光素衍生物还具有600-700nm的发射波长。
背景技术
萤光素是萤火虫中发现的一种天然物质。萤光素是生物发光反应的底物。反应发出的光通常为黄绿色,并且同样是可见的。由于萤光素与萤火虫萤光素酶之间的特殊反应,生物发光可用于生物医学研究、检测装置、食品工业等各个领域。
目前,通常在萤火虫中发现的荧光素可以通过化学工艺合成。然而,这还不够,也不能满足研究人员的需要,尤其是医学和药物研究的需要。这些研究需要新的荧光素衍生物用于复杂的医学研究,例如在实验动物中用作模型来诊断许多疾病,包括癌症、脑部疾病和遗传疾病等。他们的需求是寻找具有发光活性的新的荧光素衍生物,这种的新的荧光素衍生物在与萤火虫萤光素酶反应时会发射波长大于600nm的光,导致发射波长红移。为了获得红光,需要合成萤光素衍生物和萤火虫萤光素酶的酶工程,以同时修饰萤光素酶的内部结构,从而产生萤光素衍生物与萤火虫萤光素酶反应的特异性。现在,萤光素衍生物的合成仍然需要使用过渡金属催化剂和昂贵的底物进行化学反应,而工艺条件苛刻且不环保。
此外,产品产量并没有Bioorganic&Medicinal Chemistry Letters;2004;2014,ChemBioChem;2017中所报道的那样高。因此,这种荧光素衍生物的合成受限于工业和商业用途。
《美国化学会志》,JACS;2017年报道了一种生产用于生物医学研究的新型荧光素衍生物的化学工艺。然而,这种化学工艺不仅使用了强效、不环保的化学药剂,而且产量也很低。此外,该工艺需要通过同时修饰酶的内部结构来对萤火虫萤光素酶进行酶工程,以便在萤光素衍生物和萤火虫萤光素酶之间产生特异性反应。因此,这是萤光素衍生物实际使用一个限制。
针对前面提到的问题和缺陷,正在努力开发一种合成荧光素衍生物的方法,该方法能够在工业规模上增加荧光素衍生物的产量。因此,该方法通过使用较便宜的基材,例如化工行业的废弃物,可用于工业领域中。该合成方法也不复杂,减少了危险化学品的使用。此外,各种医学应用和检测都需要新型荧光素衍生物。本文提供了这样的合成工艺。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供萤光素衍生物和合成萤光素衍生物的方法。
萤光素衍生物由多种结构组成,如图1所示,其中R1、R2和R3中的一个或组合被卤素基团、硝基基团、氨基基团、甲基基团、乙基基团和甲氧基基团取代。
在荧光素衍生物的一方面,荧光素衍生物基团的卤素基团选自氟、氯、溴、碘中的一种。此外,荧光素衍生物的发射波长为600-700nm。
一种萤光素衍生物的合成方法,包括使用耐热脱卤酶、一组自由基清除酶、一组多酚氧化酶和FADH2生成系统,在缓冲溶液中进行苯酚衍生物底物的第一反应,得到苯醌;苯醌与D-半胱氨酸进行第二次反应,得到荧光素衍生物。
本发明旨在使用酶反应(或生物催化剂)合成荧光素衍生物。酚基或酚衍生物的底物是有毒物质,这些有毒物质通常用于除草,用作除草剂,也可从工业(如印染厂、烟花爆竹厂、家具厂等)获得,分别对农产品消费者有害,还会污染环境。因此,利用这些底物获得高价值的荧光素衍生物是去除有毒化学物质的一个好方法。此外,目前的合成方法并不复杂,不需要苛刻的条件,如高酸度或高温。
此外,这些荧光素衍生物结构简单,可以直接与野生型萤火虫荧光素酶结合使用,无需任何酶工程,从而实现各种有用的应用。
附图说明
图1示出了荧光素衍生物的结构和结该构上的碳位置。
图2示出了用作耐热酶HadA的底物的酚类衍生物的示例,用于合成荧光素衍生物。
图3示出了合成荧光素衍生物的多循环反应。
图4是示出由耐热脱卤酶降解的3-溴-4-硝基苯酚的吸光率的曲线图。
图5是示出标准荧光素和从根据本发明的合成中获得的荧光素衍生物之间在不同波长处的光发射的曲线图。
图6示出了萤光素衍生物的1H NMR的化学位移。
图7示出了根据本发明萤光素衍生物合成方法所得产物的质量分析结果
图8是SEQ ID NO.1,表示耐热脱卤酶或HadA G513T的氨基酸序列。
具体实施方式
如下文所述,根据本发明的代表性或优选实施例并通过参考随附的描述和附图来描述本公开。然而,应当理解,与这些实施例相对应的描述和附图是为了清晰表达和帮助理解,并且可以设想,相关领域的普通技术人员可以在不脱离所附权利要求所定义的本发明范围的情况下设计各种修改。
如本文所用,术语“酚类物质”或“酚族物质”或“酚衍生物”能够互换使用,且泛指卤化酚、硝基酚和具有一个或多个取代基的酚,这些取代基例如为在邻位或2,间位或3,对位或4的一个或多个位置的卤素基(例如氟、氯、溴和碘),硝基,氨基,甲基,乙基和甲氧基,(例如,对氯酚(4-氯酚),对溴酚(4-溴酚),对碘酚(4-碘酚),对氟酚(4-氟酚),对硝基酚(4-硝基酚),间氟对硝基酚(3-氟-4-硝基酚),邻氨基对硝基苯酚(2-氨基-4-硝基苯酚)和2,5-二氟-4-硝基苯酚,如图2所示。
本公开中使用的术语“荧光素衍生物”泛指荧光素和/或荧光素衍生物和/或具有取代基的荧光素物质,例如荧光素碳位4’,5’,7’处的一个或多个卤素基(例如,氟、氯、溴和碘)、硝基、氨基、甲基、乙基和甲氧基。
本文在整个具体实施方式中使用的术语“FADH2生成系统”是指能够生成或产生FADH2的系统,该系统包括用于直接反应的FADH2,或者该系统包括能够生成或产生FADH2的其他反应。例如,该系统包括用于产生FADH2的NADH、FAD和一组黄素还原酶;该系统包括G-6-PD、葡萄糖-6-磷酸、NAD+、一组黄素还原酶和FAD,用于随后产生FADH2;该系统包括GDH、葡萄糖、NAD+、一组黄素还原酶和FAD,用于产生FADH2的;该系统包括FDH、甲酸或甲酸盐、NAD+、一组黄素还原酶和FAD,用于产生FADH2。
本文中使用的术语“耐热脱卤酶”是指经重新设计或修饰的脱卤酶或HadA,尤其是在野生型脱卤酶或HadA的表面修饰的脱卤酶或HadA。经重新设计或修饰的脱卤酶或HadA,称为耐热HadA或HadA G513T,在温度稳定性方面有改进。耐热HadA或HadA G513T的催化效率在25-50℃的更宽温度范围内。此外,野生型脱卤酶或HadA是一种脱氯单加氧酶,可催化硝基和卤化酚底物中硝基和卤化物(氟氯溴碘)的消除。野生型HadA能在25℃下催化反应24小时。而在较高温度(>30℃)下,野生型HadA的半衰期在20分钟内显著降低。
根据各种实施例,本公开涉及荧光素衍生物和合成荧光素衍生物的方法。
荧光素衍生物
荧光素衍生物由以下结构组成:
在荧光素衍生物的一个方面中,荧光素衍生物的卤素基团选自氟、氯、溴和碘中的一种。此外,荧光素衍生物的发射波长为600-700nm。
在荧光素衍生物的一个方面中,R1位或R2位或R3位可被卤素基(例如,氟、氯、溴和碘)、硝基、氨基、甲基、乙基和甲氧基取代。
在荧光素衍生物的另一个方面中,R1位和R2位,或R1位和R3位,或R2位和R3位可被卤素基(例如氟、氯、溴和碘)、硝基、氨基、甲基、乙基和甲氧基取代。
在荧光素衍生物的另一个方面中,所有三个R1位、R2位和R3位均可被卤素基(例如,氟、氯、溴和碘)、硝基、氨基、甲基、乙基和甲氧基取代。
图2示出了用作HadA G513T底物以合成荧光素衍生物的酚衍生物的结构,其中酚衍生物包含一个或多个取代基,例如卤素基(例如氟、氯、溴和碘)、硝基、氨基、甲基、乙基,以及邻(2)位、间(3)位、对(4)位中的一个或多个上的甲氧基,例如,对氯苯酚、对溴苯酚、对碘苯酚、对氟苯酚、对硝基苯酚、间氟对硝基苯酚、间氨基对硝基苯酚和2,5-二氟对硝基苯酚。
荧光素衍生物的合成方法
一种合成荧光素衍生物的方法,包括以下步骤:
通过使用耐热脱卤酶、一组自由基清除酶、一组多酚氧化酶和FADH2生成系统,用于获得苯醌,在缓冲溶液中的苯酚衍生物底物之间进行第一反应,
其中,FADH2生成系统为耐热脱卤酶提供FADH2底物;以及在苯醌和D-半胱氨酸之间进行第二反应以获得荧光素衍生物。
可在pH值为7.0-9.0和温度范围为20-50摄氏度的条件下进行第一和第二反应,该条件不需要任何高酸度和/或高温。
根据许多实施例,存在使用耐热脱卤酶、一组自由基清除酶、一组多酚氧化酶和FADH2生成系统,在缓冲溶液中的苯酚衍生物底物之间执行第一反应,用于获得苯醌的步骤,其中,FADH2生成系统为耐热脱卤酶提供FADH2底物。苯酚衍生物,例如,对氯苯酚、对溴苯酚、对碘苯酚、对氟苯酚、对硝基苯酚、间氟对硝基苯酚、间氨基对硝基苯酚,适合在0.05至100毫摩尔(mM)范围内使用。
该缓冲溶液选自无机和有机缓冲溶液中的至少一种,其中其使用范围为1至1000毫升容积、pH 5-9和20-200mmol/l(mM)浓度。此外,无机缓冲溶液选自磷酸二氢钠溶液(NaH2PO4)和磷酸二氢钾溶液(KH2PO4)中的至少一种,而有机缓冲溶液选自HEPES溶液、MOPS溶液、碳酸氢铵溶液(NH4HCO3)和甲酸铵溶液(HCO2NH4)中的至少一种。
耐热脱卤酶是一种改良的HadA,尤其是HadA G513T(耐热脱卤酶;HadA G513T),含有氨基酸序列,如图8所示,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所述。耐热脱卤酶或HadA G513T能够在25-50℃的温度范围内进行催化,其在50℃的半衰期为200分钟。然而,耐热脱卤酶或HadA或HadA G513T的浓度在0.1微摩尔至200微摩尔(μM)的范围内。此外,众所周知,可以通过密码子优化或其他类似方法对核苷酸序列/或氨基酸序列进行修改、改变、变动、消除、替换和/或添加,使得核苷酸序列和/或氨基酸序列适用于每个宿主细胞物种和/或能够提高宿主细胞中转录和翻译的效率。因此,可以出于这些目的对HadA G513T的氨基酸序列进行修改。此外,耐热脱卤酶或HadA G13T的氨基酸序列可与至少50%的SEQ ID NO.1相同。此外,还发现根据本公开的HadA G13T可同时合成荧光素和/或荧光素衍生物。
该组自由基清除酶用来清除破坏苯醌稳定性的氧化剂和自由基。它可以选自过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)中的一种。该组自由基清除酶的浓度在0.001-200微摩尔(μM)的范围内。
该组多酚氧化酶负责使用金属和氧将氢醌氧化成苯醌。该组多酚氧化酶选自酪氨酸酶、漆酶和过氧化物酶中的一种,其中这些酶能够通过分别使用这些酶的铁(Fe2+)、铜(Cu2+)和辅因子金属与氧进行氧化,将对苯二酚转化为苯醌。此外,该组多酚氧化酶的浓度在0.001-200微摩尔(μM)范围内。
FADH2生成系统可选自以下任一系统:
第一FADH2生成系统,包括用于直接反应的FADH2;
第二FADH2生成系统,包括NADH、FAD和一组黄素还原酶,其中NADH是一还原剂和一组黄素还原酶的底物,用于从FAD生成FADH2;
第三FADH2生成系统,包括G-6-PD、葡萄糖-6-磷酸、NAD+、一组黄素还原酶和FAD,其中葡萄糖-6-磷酸和NAD+是G-6-PD的底物,用于生成NADH,NADH是还原剂和一组黄素还原酶的底物,用于随后生成FADH2;
第四FADH2生成系统,包括GDH、葡萄糖、NAD+、一组黄素还原酶和FAD,其中葡萄糖和NAD+是GDH的底物,用于生成NADH,并且NADH是还原剂和一组黄素还原酶的底物,将FAD转化为FADH2;和
第五FADH2生成系统,包括FDH、甲酸或甲酸盐、NAD+、一组黄素还原酶和FAD,其中甲酸和NAD+是FDH的底物,用于生成NADH,然后NADH是还原剂和一组黄素还原酶的底物,NADH根据黄素还原酶的反应将FAD转化为FADH2。
黄素依赖性还原酶选自C1、HadX及其变体中的至少一种,其中该组黄素还原酶的浓度在0.01-100微摩尔(μM)的范围内。
合成萤光素衍生物的本方法可以使用FADH2作为耐热脱卤酶或HadA或HadA G513T的底物。因此,可能需要各种形式的FADH2生成或生产系统,例如直接添加FADH2或添加活性物质来生产FADH2,如图3所示。
该组烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸由NAD+或NADH组成,合适的量在1微摩尔(μM)至20毫摩尔(mM)之间。
对于黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(FAD)而言,使用量在1微摩尔至100微摩尔(μM)范围内。
对于葡萄糖,葡萄糖-6-磷酸和甲酸或甲酸盐而言,反应中使用的量在0.05毫摩尔(mM)至2摩尔(M)之间。
对于该组脱氢酶而言,例如葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶或G-6-PD、葡萄糖、葡萄糖-脱氢酶(GDH)和甲酸-脱氢酶(FDH),反应中使用的量在0.1到20单位/毫升(U/ml)的范围内。
根据许多实施例,存在在苯醌和D-半胱氨酸之间进行第二反应以获得荧光素衍生物的步骤。
D-半胱氨酸的量在0.05毫摩尔(mM)到1摩尔(M)的范围内,而苯醌与D-半胱氨酸的浓度比在1:1-10的范围内。
图3示出了获得荧光素衍生物的多循环反应。该反应始于脱氢酶、甲酸脱氢酶(FDH),与甲酸或甲酸盐(FDH的底物)和NAD+(烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸)反应,以产生黄素依赖还原酶组的还原烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NADH)。这里,使用C1催化黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(FAD)转化为还原型黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(还原形式)(FADH2)。之后,耐热脱卤酶,HadAG513T,拿起还原的黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸或FADH2并转化酚衍生物或酚基(例如卤化酚、硝基酚和酚衍生物,具有在邻位(2),间位(3),对位(4)中的一个或多个位置处的卤素、硝基、氨基、乙基和甲氧基的取代基,其成为苯醌衍生物(对苯醌衍生物),导致与D-半胱氨酸反应,然后产生荧光素衍生物。(如图1所示)
图4示出了400-410nm波长处的吸光率下降,其中耐热脱卤酶(HadA G513T)在300分钟内完全降解苯酚衍生物(在本实验中,使用3-溴-4-硝基苯酚)。与使用酚类衍生物相比,荧光素衍生物的产率约为40-90%。
合成荧光素衍生物的方法还包括纯化荧光素衍生物的步骤。此外,纯化荧光素衍生物的方法选自有机溶剂萃取、色谱分析法、过滤和蒸发中的至少一种,从而使纯化的荧光素衍生物具有50-95%的纯度。
图5是示出萤光素酶与萤光素衍生物反应所发出的光的图,其使用7’-溴萤光素作为萤火虫萤光素酶的底物。合成纯化方法得到的纯萤光素和纯化的萤光素衍生物与萤火虫萤光素酶反应,然后测量发射波长。虽然标准荧光素或通过该方法获得的荧光素的最大发射波长为560nm,但荧光素衍生物如7’-溴荧光素的最大发射波长为604nm,其发生了红移。7’-溴荧光素的这种红光可用于医学研究(即癌症检测)。
图6是使用NMR(核磁共振)从本方法得到的酚类衍生物的结构和确认。将本方法(包括纯化)中的荧光素衍生物,即7’-碘荧光素、7’-溴荧光素和4’,5’-二甲基荧光素,与标准荧光素进行比较。标准萤光素具有指示萤光素的1H NMR的三个化学位移值,当表示为双峰分裂时,化学位移值为7.09和7.11,当表示为单峰分裂时,化学位移值为7.38,当表示为双峰分裂时为7.93和7.94。在荧光素的7’位被卤素原子碘(I)和溴(Br)取代的荧光素衍生物,在7.38位出现化学位移,其他位的1H NMR化学位移值也与标准(或天然)荧光素略有不同。在荧光素的4’和5’位被甲基取代的荧光素衍生物在7.18位出现化学位移(单峰分裂)。4’,5’-二甲基荧光素的1H NMR化学位移不同于标准荧光素在7.38位的1H NMR。
本公开的萤光素衍生物的性质
1.荧光素衍生物与萤火虫荧光素酶反应时的生物发光/发光
本公开的萤光素衍生物与萤火虫萤光素酶反应可发光。通过在生物发光模式下使用分光荧光计,可以测量发射波长以证明生物发光特性,其中不用考虑萤光素衍生物是否能够成为萤火虫萤光素酶的底物。
实验表明,标准萤光素和萤光素衍生物(即7’-溴萤光素)分别发出560nm和604nm的波长,能够成为萤火虫萤光素酶的底物。
2.使用QTOF-质谱仪进行分子质量分析
通过使用QTOF-质谱仪,合成的荧光素衍生物,7’-碘荧光素(C11H7IN2O3S2)、4,7’-二氟荧光素(C11H6F2N2O3S2)和7’-溴荧光素(C11H7BrN2O3S2)和4’5’-二甲基荧光素(C13H12N2O3S2)分别为406.9116、316.9979、358.9143和309.0374,表示预期化合物的分子量,如图7所示。
实施例1:由3-溴-4-硝基苯酚合成7’-溴荧光素
合成荧光素衍生物7'-溴荧光素的底物为:
-0.2毫摩尔3-溴-4-硝基苯酚
-100毫摩尔HEPES缓冲溶液
-50微摩尔耐热脱卤酶(HadA G513T)
-2.0微摩尔SOD
-2.0微摩尔漆酶
-第五FADH2生成系统包括2.0微摩尔FDH、20毫摩尔甲酸、10.0微摩尔NAD+,实施例1中使用的黄素依赖还原酶为2.0微摩尔C1和4.0微摩尔FAD
-2毫摩尔D-半胱氨酸
在pH值为8.0,在5ml的容器中,将所有溶液混合在一起,并在35℃的温度下用磁棒搅拌。将耐热脱卤酶溶液添加到容器中时,反应发生,然后使反应完成约200分钟。然后,通过氮气将溶液推过截止值为10kDa的膜过滤器(搅拌池),并结合有机溶剂(即乙酸乙酯)进行萃取,纯化荧光素衍生物。分析用乙酸乙酯萃取后的溶液的纯度,以及通过追踪波长327nm下的吸光率再次用HPLC进行纯化。使用水和甲醇的混合物,添加0.1%v/v甲酸作为洗脱流动相,通过非极性柱(反相C18)分离溶液。收集荧光素衍生物,然后将其冻干。然后生产2毫克的纯化荧光素衍生物。
实施例2:由2,5-二氟-4-硝基苯酚合成4’,7'-二氟荧光素
合成荧光素衍生物4’,7’-二氟荧光素的底物为:
-1.0毫摩尔2,5-二氟-4-硝基苯酚
-100毫摩尔MOPS缓冲溶液
-50微摩尔HadA G513T
-2.0微摩尔SOD
-2.0微摩尔漆酶
-第四FADH2生成系统包括4.0微摩尔GDH、20.0毫摩尔葡萄糖、10.0微摩尔NAD+、2.0微摩尔黄素依赖还原酶(HadX)、4.0微摩尔FAD和2.0毫摩尔D-半胱氨酸
在pH值为8.0,5ml的容器中,将所有溶液混合在一起,并在35℃的温度下用磁棒搅拌。将耐热脱卤酶溶液或HadA G513T添加到容器中时,反应发生,然后允许反应完成。最终将获得由2,5-二氟-4-硝基苯酚制备的荧光素衍生物4',7'-二氟荧光素。
实施例3:由2,3-二甲基-4-硝基苯酚合成4’,5’-二甲基荧光素
合成荧光素衍生物4’,5’-二甲基荧光素的底物为:
-0.5毫摩尔2,3-二甲基-4-硝基苯酚
-100毫摩尔磷酸钠缓冲溶液
-100微摩尔耐热脱卤酶(HadA G513T)
-5.0微摩尔SOD
-2.0微摩尔酪氨酸酶
-第二FADH2生成系统,包含NADH和FAD,其中NADH是用于由FAD生成FADH2的还原剂和一组黄素还原酶的底物
-5毫摩尔D-半胱氨酸
在pH值为7.5,在20ml的容器中,将所有溶液混合在一起,并在35℃的温度下用磁棒搅拌。将耐热脱卤酶溶液或HadA G513T添加到容器中时,反应发生,然后使反应完成。最终得到由2,3-二甲基-4-硝基苯酚制备的荧光素衍生物4’,5’-二甲基荧光素。
序列表
<110> 维迪亚西里梅迪科学技术研究所
<120> 荧光素衍生物及其合成方法
<130> VT-P005WO
<150> TH1901006051
<151> 2019-09-26
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
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<213> Escherichia coli
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Pro Ala Val Gln Thr Arg Val Ala Lys Leu Ile Gly Phe His Gln Ala
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Claims (18)
2.根据权利要求1所述的荧光素衍生物,其特征在于,所述卤素基选自氟、氯、溴和碘中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的荧光素衍生物,其特征在于,所述荧光素衍生物的发射波长为600-700nm。
4.一种合成荧光素衍生物的方法,包括
通过使用耐热脱卤酶、一组自由基清除酶、一组多酚氧化酶和FADH2生成系统,在缓冲溶液中的苯酚衍生物底物之间进行第一反应,用于获得苯醌;和
在苯醌和D-半胱氨酸之间进行第二反应以获得所述荧光素衍生物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述耐热脱卤酶为HadA G513T。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述HadA G513T的氨基酸序列载于SEQID NO.1中。
7.根据权利要求4-6中任一权利要求所述的方法,其特征在于,所述耐热脱卤酶的氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO.1至少50%相同。
8.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,该组自由基清除酶选自过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶中的一种。
9.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,该组多酚氧化酶选自酪氨酸酶、漆酶和过氧化物酶中的一种。
10.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述FADH2生成系统选自以下一种:
第一FADH2生成系统,包括用于直接反应的FADH2;
第二FADH2生成系统,包括NADH、FAD和一组黄素还原酶,其中NADH是一还原剂和一组黄素还原酶的底物,用于从FAD生成FADH2;
第三FADH2生成系统,包括G-6-PD、葡萄糖-6-磷酸、NAD+、一组黄素还原酶和FAD,其中葡萄糖-6-磷酸和NAD+是G-6-PD的底物,用于生成NADH,NADH是还原剂和一组黄素还原酶的底物,用于随后生成FADH2;
第四FADH2生成系统,包括GDH、葡萄糖、NAD+、一组黄素还原酶和FAD,其中葡萄糖和NAD+是GDH的底物,用于生成NADH,并且NADH是还原剂和一组黄素还原酶的底物,将FAD转化为FADH2;和
第五FADH2生成系统,包括FDH、甲酸或甲酸盐、NAD+、一组黄素还原酶和FAD,其中甲酸和NAD+是FDH的底物,用于生成NADH,然后NADH是还原剂和一组黄素还原酶的底物,NADH将FAD转化为FADH2。
11.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,该组黄素还原酶选自至少C1和HadX。
12.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述反应步骤在pH值为7.0-9.0且温度范围为20-50℃的条件下进行。
13.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述荧光素衍生物的产率为40-90%。
14.根据权利要求4至13中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,还包含纯化所述荧光素衍生物。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,纯化所述荧光素衍生物的方法选自有机溶剂萃取、色谱分析、过滤和蒸发中的至少一种。
16.根据权利要求14或15所述的方法,其特征在于,纯化的荧光素衍生物具有50-95%的纯度。
17.一种包含HadA G513T的耐热脱卤酶,其特征在于,HadA G513T的氨基酸序列载于SEQ ID NO.1。
18.根据权利要求17所述的耐热脱卤酶的用途是用于合成荧光素和/或荧光素衍生物。
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