CN114721093A - Two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114721093A CN114721093A CN202210324191.1A CN202210324191A CN114721093A CN 114721093 A CN114721093 A CN 114721093A CN 202210324191 A CN202210324191 A CN 202210324191A CN 114721093 A CN114721093 A CN 114721093A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
- B29C64/129—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
- B29C64/135—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask the energy source being concentrated, e.g. scanning lasers or focused light sources
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber coupler processing, in particular to a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber coupler and a preparation method thereof, wherein the three-dimensional optical fiber coupler comprises an optical fiber coupling sleeve, a waveguide part and a flat plate part, wherein one end of the optical fiber coupling sleeve is provided with a coupling panel which is coupled and aligned with the end face of a bundled optical fiber; one end of the wave guide piece is a gradual change structure with a gradually reduced cross section, the large end of the gradual change structure is connected with the outer side surface of the coupling panel, and the small end of the gradual change structure is bent outwards to form a spline bending structure; one side of the flat piece is arranged on the outer side wall of the optical fiber coupling sleeve, one end of the flat piece close to the waveguide piece extends outwards, and the cross section of the flat piece is gradually reduced; the ends of the outward ends of the spline bendings meet smoothly tangentially with the outward extending tips of the plate members and form a joint structure. The optical fiber stereo coupler and the preparation method thereof have good coupling effect and can realize the optical path coupling between the waveguide member and the coupling end face interlayer structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The polymer material is an important material of an optical waveguide device, is widely applied in the fields of optical communication, optical calculation and optical sensing, is particularly flexible, stretchable, biocompatible and self-healing, and is particularly suitable for being applied in the fields of wearable, sensing and the like. The coupling structure of the polymer optical waveguide and the optical fiber is an important device of integrated optics, and along with the gradual reduction of the size of the optical waveguide, the high-efficiency coupling of the optical waveguide and the optical fiber is a key link of low loss of the integrated optical device.
The existing coupling structures of the waveguide and the optical fiber are mainly divided into grating coupling and end face coupling. The polymer waveguide device is made of polymer materials, the refractive index of the polymer waveguide device is 1.3-1.6, the difference of the refractive index of the realized grating structure is smaller than that of a device made of inorganic materials, and the coupling efficiency of the existing report device cannot meet the practical requirement. For this reason, the existing coupling scheme of the polymer waveguide generally adopts end face coupling, and the optical waveguide and the tapered optical fiber are aligned through the tapered optical fiber to realize coupling of the optical path. The end face coupling mainly adopts a scheme of lens optical fiber or space optics, so that light in the optical fiber is converged, and further the light in the optical fiber is coupled into the optical waveguide material. However, end-coupling schemes have hindered the development of integrated optical devices due to their limited optical electrical connection points and coupling location limitations.
In order to solve the problems mentioned in the above schemes, the tapered structure mainly used in the industry at present connects the waveguide material and the coupling end face interlayer structure, and the implementation scheme of the tapered structure usually adopts methods such as gray scale lithography and gradient etching, and the method is mainly used for interconnection of multilayer structures. In addition, the industry can also use optical jumper structures to achieve optical path coupling between waveguide materials and coupling end face interlayer structures, and optical jumper structures are usually manufactured by 3D printing. The 3D printing polymer optical waveguide is a new technology developed in recent years, the processing of a high-quality waveguide device is mainly realized through an ultra-precise processing machine system or a laser processing system, and the processing size of the optical waveguide can reach 100nm along with the development of the laser processing technology and the application of a two-photon polymerization technology. The low-loss interconnection can be realized by printing the polymer waveguide on the light strip line of the related structure, but the structure for directly interconnecting the micro-nano-scale waveguide and the micro-scale optical fiber is not reported at present, and the stability problem of the optical jumper is mainly caused by the fact that the degree of size mismatching between the micro-nano-scale waveguide and the micro-scale optical fiber is large, and the large-size structure is printed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome one of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler and a preparation method thereof, the optical fiber stereo coupler has simple structure and good coupling effect, and can realize optical path coupling between a waveguide piece and a coupling end face interlayer structure; the preparation method of the three-dimensional coupler can realize interconnection of the high-precision waveguide and the optical fiber, is convenient for printing a large-size structure and improves the stability of the optical jumper.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber coupler comprises an optical fiber coupling sleeve, a waveguide piece and a flat piece, wherein the optical fiber coupling sleeve is used for fixing bundled optical fibers, and one end of the optical fiber coupling sleeve is provided with a coupling panel which is coupled and aligned with the end faces of the bundled optical fibers; the waveguide piece is used for transmitting a light source signal output by the bundled optical fiber, one end of the waveguide piece is of a gradual change structure with a gradually enlarged or reduced cross section, the large end of the gradual change structure is connected with the outer side face of the coupling panel, and the small end of the gradual change structure is bent outwards to form a spline bending structure; one side of the flat piece is arranged on the outer side wall of the optical fiber coupling sleeve, the length direction of the flat piece is the same as the axial direction of the optical fiber coupling sleeve, and one end of the flat piece, which is close to the waveguide piece, extends outwards and the cross section of the flat piece is gradually reduced; the end of the outward end of the spline bend meets the outward extending point of the flat piece in a smooth and tangential manner to form a joint structure.
In some embodiments, the cross-section of the grading structure is circular, the cross-section of the spline bend structure is also circular, and the cross-sectional diameter of the spline bend structure is the same as the small end cross-sectional diameter of the grading structure.
In some embodiments, the spline bending structure comprises two quarter-circle arc rings, one ends of the two arc rings are connected and have opposite tangential directions, the other end of any one arc ring is connected with a small end face of the gradual change structure, and the axial direction of the small end face of the gradual change structure is the same as the tangential direction of the corresponding end of the arc ring; the other end of the other arc ring is in smooth and tangential intersection with the tip of the outward extension of the flat plate piece.
In some embodiments, the joint structure comprises a transition portion and a wedge portion, the spline bend structure being smoothly connected to one end of the transition portion at an intersection with a smooth tangent of an outwardly extending point of the plate member, a large end of the wedge portion being connected to the other end of the transition portion; the cross section of the wedge-shaped part is rectangular.
In some embodiments, the fiber coupling sleeve includes a cylinder and a tapered cylinder disposed on one end of the cylinder, the other end of the cylinder is closed to form the coupling panel, and an outer sidewall of one side of the cylinder is connected to the flat plate.
In some embodiments, at least three hollowed-out holes are arranged on the side wall of the cylinder, and all the hollowed-out holes are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the cylinder on the side not connected with the flat plate along the circumferential direction of any cross section of the cylinder.
In some embodiments, a plurality of circular support columns are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the plate member, and a plurality of support cones are arranged on one end of the plate member close to the spline bending structure.
A preparation method of a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler comprises the following steps:
s100: adopting 3D modeling software to construct a 3D printing model and storing the 3D printing model to form a printing file;
dripping uncured photopolymer materials on the printing substrate, and putting the printing substrate and the uncured photopolymer materials on the printing substrate on a workbench of a laser;
s200: importing the print file obtained in the step S100 into slicing software, and carrying out slicing processing on the 3D print model by using the slicing software, wherein the slicing direction is X, Y or any direction in the Z direction; after the slicing direction is selected, the longitudinal precision value of the slice cannot be larger than the size value of a light spot emitted by a laser in the slicing direction, and the transverse precision value of the slice cannot be larger than the size value of the light spot emitted by the laser in the slicing direction; and after slicing is completed, obtaining a corresponding thin layer, and filling the interior of the corresponding thin layer by using a line type. Wherein the distance between adjacent linear filling lines is smaller than the size of the horizontal projection of the light spot on the tangent plane; the advancing speed of the light spot in the slicing direction is smaller than the thickness of the light spot in the slicing direction; obtaining a path file scanned by a laser after 3D printing model slicing is completed;
s300: guiding the path file scanned by the laser obtained in the step S200 into a laser controller in the laser, wherein the laser controller adjusts the walking direction of a light spot emitted by the laser, the initial position of the light spot is positioned on a horizontal contact interface between the printing substrate and the dropwise adding of the uncured photopolymer material, and the initial position of the light spot printing is positioned on one side of the uncured photopolymer material; setting printing parameters, selecting a printing direction, and starting a laser to start printing after the parameters are adjusted;
s400: solidifying the uncured photopolymer material irradiated by the laser light spots, forming a semi-finished product on the printing substrate after solidification, developing for 20-60s by using acetone, and removing the uncured photopolymer material; and obtaining the three-dimensional optical fiber coupler.
In some embodiments, the photopolymer material is one of a SU-8 photoresist material, a NOA photoresist, or a greenA photoresist.
In some embodiments, the linear fill type is one of spiral fill, straight fill, or contour loft fill.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber coupler, the bundled optical fibers are fixed by the optical fiber coupling sleeve, the end faces of the bundled optical fibers are aligned by the coupling panel, the self-alignment of the end faces of the optical fibers is realized, and the coupling quality is improved; the coupling panel transmits the light source signal coupled by the bundled optical fiber through the waveguide, and the coupling panel has the function of enabling the optical path to deviate more than the core diameter of a half optical fiber, so that the light in the optical fiber is coupled into the waveguide, the optical field can be compressed, the light in the waveguide can be well coupled into waveguides made of other materials, and the coupling loss is low. And the adoption of the gradual change structure reduces the alignment error and the error when printing and observing the register. The flat plate piece can be used for supporting the waveguide piece and the optical fiber coupling sleeve, and meanwhile, the waveguide piece can be kept with good stability in the 3D printing process conveniently, and meanwhile, the supporting structure enables the device to be incompletely pasted on a printed substrate, so that the device can be well stripped from the printed substrate.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
The reference numbers indicate: the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100, the coupling panel 110, the transition cylinder 120, the cylinder 130, the hollow hole 140, the waveguide 200, the transition structure 210, the spline bending structure 220, the arc ring 221, the joint structure 230, the transition part 231, the wedge part 232, the flat plate 300, the circular support column 310, and the support frustum 320
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present application provides a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler, including an optical fiber coupling sleeve 100, a waveguide member 200 and a flat plate member 300, wherein the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100 is used for fixing bundled optical fibers, and one end of the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100 is provided with a coupling panel 110 coupled and aligned with an end face of the bundled optical fibers; the waveguide 200 is used for transmitting a light source signal output by the bundled optical fiber, one end of the waveguide 200 is a tapered structure 210 with a gradually increasing or decreasing cross section, the large end of the tapered structure 210 is connected with the outer side surface of the coupling panel 110, and the small end of the tapered structure 210 is bent outwards to form a spline bending structure 220; one side of the flat member 300 is mounted on the outer sidewall of the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100, the length direction of the flat member 300 is the same as the axial direction of the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100, and one end of the flat member 300 near the waveguide member 200 extends outward and has a gradually decreasing cross-section; the ends of the outward ends of the spline benders 220 meet smoothly tangentially with the outward extending tips of the plate member 300 and form a joint structure 230.
It should be added that, in the present application, the bundled optical fiber is of a conventional multi-fiber structure, and the end of the bundled optical fiber is butted by using the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100, so that the bundled optical fiber can be effectively fixed to a certain extent, which is convenient for optical signal coupling between the bundled optical fiber and the bundled optical fiber. In addition, the coupling panel 110 is actually adapted to the end surface of the bundled optical fibers, and in order to achieve the light condensing effect, the coupling panel 110 may be designed to have a structure of a fresnel lens, which can achieve the light condensing effect, so as to facilitate the light signal emitted by the bundled optical fibers to be focused on the graded structure 210. Of course, in some embodiments, the specific length of the tapered structure 210 of the present application is not required, but it should be noted that the tapered structure is used for better coupling and focusing the optical signals. To better accomplish some of the installation of the post structure and support of gradation structure 210, spline bending structures 220 in this application actually transition the connection between joint structure 230 and gradation structure 210.
In some embodiments, in one embodiment of the present application, the cross section of the tapered structure 210 is circular, so that the light signal gathering and spline bending structure 220 can be realized by using the outer surface of the tapered structure 210 to reflect the light signal. The cross-section of spline bending structure 220 is also circular, and the cross-sectional diameter of spline bending structure 220 is the same as the cross-sectional diameter of the small end of tapered structure 210. It should be added that, in the present application, the smooth transition between spline curved structure 220 and tapered structure 210 can ensure that the optical signal is transmitted through the junction between the spline curved structure and the tapered structure to reduce loss. Furthermore, the diameter of the large end of tapered structure 210 is optionally designed according to the diameter of the particular coupling panel 110, as is the particular choice of diameter of spline bender 220.
In some embodiments, in one embodiment of the present application, spline bending structure 220 includes two quarter-circle arc rings 221, one end of each of arc rings 221 is connected and has opposite tangential direction, the other end of each of arc rings 221 is connected to the small end face of tapered structure 210, and the axial direction of the small end face of tapered structure 210 is the same as the tangential direction of the corresponding end of arc ring 221; the other end of the other arc ring 221 intersects with the tip of the plate member 300 extending outward in a smooth and tangential manner. The specific design of the two arc rings 221 can ensure the smoothness of the inner wall of the spline bending structure 220 to the greatest extent, and the transmission capacity of optical signals is improved. Meanwhile, due to the reverse design of the two arc rings 221, the optical signals can be transmitted in different height differences in the same transmission direction.
Referring to fig. 3 in some embodiments, the main design of the joint structure 230 in the present application is to facilitate connection with an external optical receiving device, and to reduce loss of optical signals on the joint structure 230, in one embodiment of the present application, the joint structure 230 includes a transition portion 231 and a wedge portion 232, the transition portion 231 is smoothly connected to one end of the transition portion 231 at the intersection of the spline bending structure 220 and the tip of the flat member 300 extending outwards, and the wedge portion 232 is connected to the other end of the transition portion 231; the wedge 232 is rectangular in cross-section. In practice, in the present application, the end surface of the transition portion 231 connected to the bar bending structure 220 has a circular cross section, while the end connected to the wedge portion 232 has a rectangular cross section, for which reason the transition portion 231 has a profiled structure. In addition, the design of wedge-shaped portion 232 makes it have two domatic with certain angle, and the inside optical signal of being convenient for is outside at this moment, and at this moment if the receiving structure of outside also design has the receiving face that agrees with the domatic mutually, can make the optical signal in wedge-shaped portion 232 directly pass domatic and the receiving face enters into the receiving structure like this, has realized the transmission of optical signal.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, in order to better fix bundled optical fibers and facilitate manufacturing, the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100 includes a cylinder 130 and a transition cylinder 120 disposed at one end of the cylinder 130, the other end of the cylinder 130 is closed to form the coupling panel 110, and an outer sidewall of one side of the cylinder 130 is connected to the flat member 300. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the cylinder 130 matches the outer diameter of the structure of the bundled optical fibers, and the tapered cylinder 120 is designed mainly to facilitate the insertion of the bundled optical fibers. The tangency of the plate member 300 with the outer wall of the cylinder 130 is mainly for the manufacturing process problem at the later stage of the product, and the plate member 300 is convenient to connect and fix the cylinder 130 and the joint structure 230, so that the shaking between the spline bending structure 220 and the joint structure 230 can be reduced, and the connection of external receiving equipment at the later stage can be facilitated.
In some embodiments, to facilitate weight reduction and to facilitate viewing of the bundled optical fibers, at least three through holes 140 are disposed on the sidewall of the cylinder 130, and all the through holes 140 are uniformly disposed on the sidewall of the cylinder 130 on the side not connected to the plate 300 along the circumferential direction of any cross section of the cylinder 130, which is more simply understood that in this embodiment, three through holes 140 are uniformly distributed on three quarters of the cylinder 130.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 to 2, a plurality of circular support columns 310 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the bottom surface of the plate member 300, and in fact, the circular support columns 310 can effectively support the plate member 300 and also facilitate supporting the plate member 300 in later 3D printing. It should be noted that, a plurality of supporting cones 320 are disposed on one end of the plate member 300 close to the spline bending structures 220, and since the overall structure of one end of the plate member 300 close to the spline bending structures 220 is relatively thin, the present embodiment adopts the design of the joint structure 230 so as to match the structural change of the plate member 300 for facilitating the later processing and supporting one end of the plate member 300 close to the joint structure 230.
According to the two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler, the bundled optical fibers are fixed by the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100, the end faces of the bundled optical fibers are aligned by the coupling panel 110, the self-alignment of the end faces of the optical fibers is realized, and the coupling quality is improved; the coupling panel 110 transmits the light source signal coupled by the bundled optical fiber through the waveguide 200, and the coupling panel 110 functions to shift the optical path by more than half the core diameter of the optical fiber, thereby realizing that the light in the optical fiber is coupled into the waveguide 200, and further compressing the optical field, so that the light in the waveguide 200 can be well coupled into waveguides made of other materials, and having lower coupling loss. While the use of the gradient structure 210 reduces alignment errors and printing viewing registration errors. The flat plate 300 can support the waveguide 200 and the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100, and is also convenient for the waveguide 200 to maintain good stability during 3D printing, and the support structure can ensure that the device is not completely adhered to the printed substrate, thereby ensuring that the device can be better peeled off from the printed substrate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler, which comprises the following steps:
s100: 3D modeling software is adopted to construct a 3D printing model, and a printing file is stored;
dripping uncured photopolymer materials on the printing substrate, and putting the printing substrate and the uncured photopolymer materials on the printing substrate on a workbench of a laser;
s200: importing the print file obtained in the step S100 into slicing software, and carrying out slicing processing on the 3D print model by using the slicing software, wherein the slicing direction is X, Y or any direction in the Z direction; after the slicing direction is selected, the longitudinal precision value of the slice cannot be larger than the size value of a light spot emitted by a laser in the slicing direction, and the transverse precision value of the slice cannot be larger than the size value of the light spot emitted by the laser in the slicing direction; and after slicing is completed, obtaining a corresponding thin layer, and filling the interior of the corresponding thin layer by using a line type. Wherein the distance between adjacent linear filling lines is smaller than the size of the horizontal projection of the light spot on the tangent plane; the advancing speed of the light spot in the slicing direction is smaller than the thickness of the light spot in the slicing direction; obtaining a path file scanned by a laser after 3D printing model slicing is completed;
s300: guiding the path file scanned by the laser obtained in the step S200 into a laser controller in the laser, wherein the laser controller adjusts the walking direction of a light spot emitted by the laser, the initial position of the light spot is positioned on a horizontal contact interface between the printing substrate and the dropwise adding of the uncured photopolymer material, and the initial position of the light spot printing is positioned on one side of the uncured photopolymer material; setting printing parameters, selecting a printing direction, and starting a laser to start printing after the parameters are adjusted;
s400: solidifying the uncured photopolymer material irradiated by the laser light spots, forming a semi-finished product on the printing substrate after solidification, developing for 20-60s by using acetone, and removing the uncured photopolymer material; and obtaining the three-dimensional optical fiber coupler.
It should be noted that, the specific modeling manner of the optical fiber stereo coupler is not detailed herein, and it can be designed by different modeling software and staff. In the application, the 3D modeling software is mainly the three-dimensional modeling software such as UG, solidwork, or proe, which is commonly used, and the 3D printing model is actually a 3D modeling structure formed by the 3D modeling software. Furthermore, in the present application the scanning start of the laser should be located below the substrate, which facilitates better shaping of the cured photopolymer material. The size of the substrate is 5 mm-25 mm wide and 2 cm-25 mm long in the application, and the design is mainly matched with the specific size specification of the optical fiber stereo coupler. Further, the slicing software is preferably implemented in the present application using Cura software.
In some embodiments, in one embodiment of the present application, the photosensitive polymer material in step S100 is one of SU-8 photoresist material, NOA photoresist, or greenA photoresist.
In the step S300, the spot size is determined by the wavelength of the focusing lens and the laser, and in this application, the laser is preferably a 532nm picosecond laser, a nanosecond laser or a femtosecond laser. The laser controller can adopt a conventional controller and is mainly used for adjusting the focal position, the output light intensity and the laser spot movement path of the laser. In order to obtain a solid core waveguide 200, the line spacing should be smaller than the size of the horizontal projection of the spot, i.e. the spacing between the line filling types should be smaller than the size of the horizontal projection of the spot.
In some embodiments, in one embodiment of the present application, the linear filling type in step S300 is one of spiral filling, straight filling, or contour loft filling.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler is characterized by comprising:
a fiber coupling sleeve (100) for fixing bundled optical fibers, wherein one end of the fiber coupling sleeve (100) is provided with a coupling panel (110) which is coupled and aligned with the end face of the bundled optical fibers;
a wave guide member (200) for transmitting the light source signal output by the bundled optical fiber, wherein one end of the wave guide member (200) is a gradually-changed structure (210) with gradually-increased or decreased cross section, the large end of the gradually-changed structure (210) is connected with the outer side surface of the coupling panel (110), and the small end of the gradually-changed structure (210) is bent and deformed outwards to form a spline bending structure (220);
a flat plate member (300) having one side mounted on an outer sidewall of the optical fiber coupling sleeve (100), wherein a length direction of the flat plate member (300) is the same as an axial direction of the optical fiber coupling sleeve (100), and one end of the flat plate member (300) near the waveguide member (200) extends outward and has a gradually decreasing cross-section;
wherein the end of the outward end of the spline curve structure (220) meets the outward extending tip of the plate member (300) in a smooth, tangential manner and forms a joint structure (230).
2. The two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the gradual change structure (210) is circular, the cross section of the spline bending structure (220) is also circular, and the cross section diameter of the spline bending structure (220) is the same as the cross section diameter of the small end of the gradual change structure (210).
3. The two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler according to claim 2, wherein the spline bending structure (220) comprises two quarter-circle arc rings (221), one ends of the two arc rings (221) are connected and have opposite tangential directions, the other end of any one arc ring (221) is connected with the small end face of the gradual change structure (210), and the axial direction of the small end face of the gradual change structure (210) is the same as the tangential direction of the corresponding end of the arc ring (221); the other end of the other arc ring (221) is in smooth and tangential intersection with the tip of the outward extending flat piece (300).
4. The two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber coupler of claim 1, wherein the joint structure (230) comprises a transition part (231) and a wedge part (232), the intersection of the spline bending structure (220) and the outward extending tip of the flat member (300) is smoothly connected with one end of the transition part (231), and the large end of the wedge part (232) is connected with the other end of the transition part (231); the wedge (232) is rectangular in cross-section.
5. A two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber coupling sleeve (100) comprises a cylinder (130) and a graduated cylinder (120) arranged on one end of the cylinder (130), the other end of the cylinder (130) is closed to form the coupling panel (110), and the outer side wall of one side of the cylinder (130) is connected with the flat plate member (300).
6. A two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that at least three hollowed-out holes (140) are arranged on the side wall of the cylinder (130), and all the hollowed-out holes (140) are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the cylinder (130) on the side not connected with the plate member (300) along the circumferential direction of any cross section of the cylinder (130).
7. The two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber coupler of claim 1, wherein a plurality of circular supporting columns (310) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the flat plate member (300), and a plurality of supporting cones (320) are arranged on one end of the flat plate member (300) close to the spline bending structure (220).
8. A preparation method of a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100: 3D modeling software is adopted to construct a 3D printing model, and a printing file is stored;
dripping uncured photopolymer materials on the printing substrate, and putting the printing substrate and the uncured photopolymer materials on the printing substrate on a workbench of a laser;
s200: importing the print file obtained in the step S100 into slicing software, and carrying out slicing processing on the 3D print model by using the slicing software, wherein the slicing direction is X, Y or any direction in the Z direction; after the slicing direction is selected, the longitudinal precision value of the slice cannot be larger than the size value of a light spot emitted by a laser in the slicing direction, and the transverse precision value of the slice cannot be larger than the size value of the light spot emitted by the laser in the slicing direction; and after slicing is completed, obtaining a corresponding thin layer, and filling the interior of the corresponding thin layer by using a line type. Wherein the distance between adjacent linear filling lines is smaller than the size of the horizontal projection of the light spot on the tangent plane; the advancing speed of the light spot in the slicing direction is smaller than the thickness of the light spot in the slicing direction; obtaining a path file scanned by a laser after 3D printing model slicing is completed;
s300: guiding the path file scanned by the laser obtained in the step S200 into a laser controller in the laser, wherein the laser controller adjusts the walking direction of a light spot emitted by the laser, the initial position of the light spot is positioned on a horizontal contact interface between the printing substrate and the dropwise adding of the uncured photopolymer material, and the initial position of the light spot printing is positioned on one side of the uncured photopolymer material; setting printing parameters, selecting a printing direction, and starting a laser to start printing after the parameters are adjusted;
s400: solidifying the uncured photopolymer material irradiated by the laser light spots, forming a semi-finished product on the printing substrate after solidification, developing for 20-60s by using acetone, and removing the uncured photopolymer material; and obtaining the three-dimensional optical fiber coupler.
9. The method for preparing a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler according to claim 8, wherein the photosensitive polymer material is one of SU-8 photoresist material, NOA photoresist or greenA photoresist.
10. The method for preparing a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler according to claim 8, wherein the linear filling type is one of spiral filling, linear filling or contour line lofting filling.
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