CN114721093B - Two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereoscopic coupler and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereoscopic coupler and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114721093B CN114721093B CN202210324191.1A CN202210324191A CN114721093B CN 114721093 B CN114721093 B CN 114721093B CN 202210324191 A CN202210324191 A CN 202210324191A CN 114721093 B CN114721093 B CN 114721093B
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 72
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001486 SU-8 photoresist Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 38
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/262—Optical details of coupling light into, or out of, or between fibre ends, e.g. special fibre end shapes or associated optical elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
- B29C64/129—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
- B29C64/135—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask the energy source being concentrated, e.g. scanning lasers or focused light sources
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber coupler processing, in particular to a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber coupler and a preparation method thereof, wherein the two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber coupler comprises an optical fiber coupling sleeve, a waveguide piece and a plate piece, and one end of the optical fiber coupling sleeve is provided with a coupling panel which is coupled with and aligned with the end face of a bundle-packaged optical fiber; one end of the waveguide part is a gradual change structure with a gradually smaller cross section, the large end of the gradual change structure is connected with the outer side surface of the coupling panel, and the small end of the gradual change structure is outwards bent and deformed to form a spline bending structure; one side of the flat plate member is arranged on the outer side wall of the optical fiber coupling sleeve, and one end of the flat plate member, which is close to the waveguide member, extends outwards and the cross section of the flat plate member is gradually reduced; the end of the outward end of the spline bending structure is smoothly tangent and intersected with the outward extending tip of the flat plate piece to form a joint structure. The optical fiber three-dimensional coupler and the preparation method thereof have good coupling effect and can realize optical path coupling between the waveguide part and the interlayer structure of the coupling end face.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereoscopic coupler and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The polymer material is an important material of the optical waveguide device, has wide application in the fields of optical communication, optical calculation and optical sensing, and is particularly flexible, stretchable, biocompatible and self-healing, and particularly suitable for application in the fields of wearable, sensing and the like. The coupling structure of the polymer optical waveguide and the optical fiber is an important device for integrated optics, and along with the gradual reduction of the size of the optical waveguide, the high-efficiency coupling of the optical waveguide and the optical fiber is a key link of low loss of the integrated optics.
The existing coupling structure of the waveguide and the optical fiber is mainly divided into grating coupling and end surface coupling. The polymer waveguide device is made of polymer materials, the refractive index of the polymer waveguide device is 1.3-1.6, and the realized grating structure is smaller than a device formed by inorganic materials due to the refractive index difference, so that the coupling efficiency of the prior reported device can not meet the practical requirement. For this reason, the coupling scheme of the existing polymer waveguide generally adopts end-face coupling, and the optical waveguide and the tapered optical fiber are aligned by the tapered optical fiber, so as to realize the coupling of the optical paths. The end surface coupling mainly adopts a lens optical fiber or a space optical scheme, so that light in the optical fiber is converged, and light in the optical fiber is further coupled into the optical waveguide material. However, the end-face coupling scheme has hindered the development of integrated optics due to its limited optical electrical connection points and coupling location limitations.
For the problems mentioned in the above schemes, the taper structure mainly used in the industry at present connects the waveguide material and the interlayer structure of the coupling end face, and the taper structure is usually implemented by gray scale lithography, gradient etching and other methods, and the method is mainly used in interconnection of the multilayer structure. In addition, the industry may use an optical jumper structure to implement optical path coupling between the waveguide material and the coupling end face interlayer structure, where the optical jumper structure is generally manufactured by using 3D printing. The 3D printing polymer optical waveguide is a new technology developed in recent years, the processing of a high-quality waveguide device is mainly realized through an ultra-precise processing mechanical system or a laser processing system, and along with the development of the laser processing technology and the application of a two-photon polymerization technology, the processing size of the optical waveguide can reach the size of 100 nm. The polymer waveguides are printed on the optical strip lines of the related structures to realize low-loss interconnection, but the structure of directly interconnecting the micro-nano-scale waveguide parts and the micro-scale optical fibers is not reported at present, mainly because the two dimensions are not matched to a large extent, the large-size structures are printed, and the stability of the optical jumper is a problem.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome one of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler and a preparation method thereof, wherein the optical fiber stereo coupler has a simple structure and a good coupling effect, and can realize optical path coupling between a waveguide part and a coupling end face interlayer structure; the preparation method of the three-dimensional coupler can realize interconnection of the high-precision waveguide part and the optical fiber, is convenient for printing a large-size structure and improves the stability of the optical patch cord.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler comprises an optical fiber coupling sleeve, a waveguide piece and a plate piece, wherein the optical fiber coupling sleeve is used for fixing a beam-mounted optical fiber, and one end of the optical fiber coupling sleeve is provided with a coupling panel which is coupled with and aligned with the end face of the beam-mounted optical fiber; the waveguide piece is used for transmitting a light source signal output by the beam-mounted optical fiber, one end of the waveguide piece is of a gradual change structure with a gradually-increased or gradually-decreased cross section, the large end of the gradual change structure is connected with the outer side surface of the coupling panel, and the small end of the gradual change structure is outwards bent and deformed to form a spline bending structure; one side of the flat plate member is arranged on the outer side wall of the optical fiber coupling sleeve, the length direction of the flat plate member is the same as the axial direction of the optical fiber coupling sleeve, and one end, close to the waveguide member, of the flat plate member extends outwards and the cross section of the flat plate member is gradually reduced; and the end part of the outward end of the spline bending structure is smoothly tangent and intersected with the outward extending tip of the flat plate piece to form a joint structure.
In some embodiments, the cross-section of the graded structure is circular, the cross-section of the spline bending structure is also circular, and the cross-section diameter of the spline bending structure is the same as the small end cross-section diameter of the graded structure.
In some embodiments, the spline bending structure comprises two quarter-round arc rings, one ends of the two arc rings are connected and tangential directions are opposite, the other end of any arc ring is connected with the small end face of the gradual change structure, and the axial direction of the small end face of the gradual change structure is the same as the tangential direction of the corresponding end of the arc ring; the other end of the arc ring is smoothly tangent and intersected with the outwards extending tip of the flat plate piece.
In some embodiments, the joint structure comprises a transition part and a wedge-shaped part, the smooth tangent intersection of the spline bending structure and the tip end extending outwards of the flat plate part is smoothly connected with one end of the transition part, and the large end of the wedge-shaped part is connected with the other end of the transition part; the cross section of the wedge-shaped part is rectangular.
In some embodiments, the optical fiber coupling sleeve comprises a cylinder and a graduated cylinder disposed on one end of the cylinder, the other end of the cylinder being closed to form the coupling panel, an outer sidewall of one side of the cylinder being connected to the plate member.
In some embodiments, at least three hollowed holes are formed in the side wall of the cylinder, and all the hollowed holes are uniformly formed in the side wall of the cylinder, which is not connected with the flat plate, along the circumferential direction of any cross section of the cylinder.
In some embodiments, a plurality of round support columns are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the flat plate member, and a plurality of support conical tables are arranged on one end, close to the spline bending structure, of the flat plate member.
A preparation method of a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber coupler comprises the following steps:
s100: constructing a 3D printing model by adopting 3D modeling software, and storing to form a printing file;
dropping uncured photopolymer material on a print substrate, and placing the print substrate and the uncured photopolymer material thereon on a workbench of a laser;
s200: importing the print file obtained in the step S100 into slicing software, and slicing the 3D print model by using the slicing software, wherein the slicing direction is X, Y or any direction in the Z direction; after the slicing direction is selected, the longitudinal precision value of the slice cannot be larger than the size value of the light spot emitted by the laser in the slicing direction, and the transverse precision value of the slice cannot be larger than the size value of the light spot emitted by the laser in the slicing direction; and (5) obtaining a corresponding thin layer after slicing, and filling the interior of the corresponding thin layer by using a linear type. The distance between adjacent linear filling lines is smaller than the horizontal projection size of the light spot on the tangential plane; the advancing speed of the light spot in the slicing direction is smaller than the thickness of the light spot in the slicing direction; obtaining a path file scanned by a laser after the slicing of the 3D printing model is completed;
s300: the path file scanned by the laser obtained in the step S200 is led into a laser controller in the laser, the laser controller adjusts the traveling direction of a light spot emitted by the laser, the initial position of the light spot is positioned on a horizontal contact interface between a printing substrate and an uncured photopolymer material dropwise, and the initial position of the light spot printing is positioned on one side of the uncured photopolymer material; setting printing parameters, selecting a printing direction, and starting a laser to start printing after parameter adjustment;
s400: solidifying the uncured photopolymer material irradiated by the laser light spot, forming a semi-finished product on the printing substrate after solidification, developing for 20-60s by using acetone, and removing the uncured photopolymer material; and obtaining the three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler.
In some embodiments, the photopolymer material is one of SU-8 photoresist material, NOA photoresist, or greenA photoresist.
In some embodiments, the linear fill type is one of a spiral fill, a straight fill, or a contour loft fill.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereoscopic coupler, the beam-mounted optical fiber is fixed by utilizing the optical fiber coupling sleeve, the end face of the beam-mounted optical fiber is aligned by utilizing the coupling panel, so that the self alignment of the end face of the optical fiber is realized, and meanwhile, the coupling quality is improved; the coupling panel transmits light source signals coupled by the beam-mounted optical fibers through the waveguide piece, and the coupling panel has the function of enabling the light path to deviate by more than half of the core diameter of the optical fibers, so that the light in the optical fibers can be coupled into the waveguide piece, and in addition, the optical field can be compressed, so that the light in the waveguide piece can be well coupled into the waveguides made of other materials, and the coupling loss is low. And the gradual change structure is adopted to reduce the alignment error and the error in the process of printing and observing register. The waveguide part and the optical fiber coupling sleeve can be supported by the plate, meanwhile, the waveguide part can keep good stability in the 3D printing process, meanwhile, the device is incompletely adhered to the printed substrate by the support structure, and the device can be well peeled off from the printed substrate.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view at a in fig. 1.
Reference numerals illustrate: fiber coupling sleeve 100, coupling panel 110, taper barrel 120, barrel 130, hollowed out hole 140, waveguide 200, taper structure 210, spline bending structure 220, arc ring 221, joint structure 230, transition portion 231, wedge portion 232, plate member 300, circular support column 310, support frustum 320
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present application provides a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereoscopic coupler, comprising an optical fiber coupling sleeve 100, a waveguide member 200 and a plate member 300, wherein the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100 is used for fixing a bundle optical fiber, and one end of the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100 is provided with a coupling panel 110 coupled with and aligned with an end face of the bundle optical fiber; the waveguide 200 is configured to transmit a light source signal output by the beam-mounted optical fiber, one end of the waveguide 200 is a graded structure 210 with a cross section gradually increasing or decreasing, a large end of the graded structure 210 is connected with an outer side surface of the coupling panel 110, and a small end of the graded structure 210 is bent and deformed outwards to form a spline bending structure 220; one side of a plate member 300 is mounted on the outer sidewall of the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100, the length direction of the plate member 300 is the same as the axial direction of the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100, and one end of the plate member 300 near the waveguide member 200 extends outwards and the cross section thereof becomes gradually smaller; the end of the outward end of the spline curve 220 meets the outward extending tip of the plate 300 smoothly and tangentially and forms a joint structure 230.
It should be noted that, in the present application, the bundle fiber has a conventional multi-fiber structure, and the fiber coupling sleeve 100 is used to butt-connect the ends of the bundle fiber, so that the bundle fiber can be effectively fixed to a certain extent, and optical signal coupling between the bundle fiber and the fiber is facilitated. In addition, the coupling panel 110 is actually adapted to the end face of the beam-mounted optical fiber, and in order to achieve the light-condensing effect, the coupling panel 110 may be designed as a fresnel lens structure, so that the light-condensing effect may be achieved by such a design, so as to focus the optical signal emitted by the beam-mounted optical fiber on the graded structure 210. Of course, in some embodiments, the specific length of the taper structure 210 of the present application is not required, but it should be noted that in order to better couple and gather the optical signals. To better enable some installation of the later structure and support of the graded structure 210, the spline bending structure 220 in this application actually transitions the connection between the joint structure 230 and the graded structure 210.
In some embodiments, in one embodiment of the present application, the cross-section of the graded structure 210 is circular, such that the light signal gathering and spline bending structure 220 can be achieved by using the reflected light signal from the outer surface of the graded structure 210. The spline bending structure 220 is also circular in cross section, and the spline bending structure 220 has the same cross-sectional diameter as the small end cross-sectional diameter of the graded structure 210. It should be noted that, in the present application, the smooth transition between the spline bending structure 220 and the graded structure 210 can ensure that the loss of the optical signal is reduced when the optical signal passes through the junction between the spline bending structure and the graded structure. In addition, the major end diameter of the graded structure 210 needs to be designed according to the diameter of the specific coupling panel 110, and the same is true for the specific choice of the diameter of the spline bending structure 220.
In some embodiments, in one embodiment of the present application, the spline bending structure 220 includes two quarter-round arc rings 221, one ends of the two arc rings 221 are connected and the tangential directions are opposite, the other end of any one arc ring 221 is connected to the small end face of the gradual change structure 210, and the axial direction of the small end face of the gradual change structure 210 is the same as the tangential direction of the corresponding end of the arc ring 221; the other end of the arc ring 221 meets the tip of the flat plate 300 extending outward in a smooth tangential manner. The specific design of the two arc rings 221 can ensure the smoothness of the inner wall of the spline bending structure 220 to the greatest extent, and improve the transmission capability of optical signals. Meanwhile, the two arc rings 221 are designed reversely, so that the optical signals can be transmitted in different height differences in the same transmission direction.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, in the present application, the main design of the joint structure 230 is to facilitate connection with an external optical receiving device, so that in order to reduce the loss of an optical signal on the joint structure 230, in one embodiment of the present application, the joint structure 230 includes a transition portion 231 and a wedge portion 232, where the spline bending structure 220 smoothly intersects with an outwardly extending tip of the flat plate 300, and is smoothly connected to one end of the transition portion 231, and a large end of the wedge portion 232 is connected to the other end of the transition portion 231; the wedge 232 is rectangular in cross-section. In fact, in the present application, the end face cross section of the end of the transition 231 connected to the bar-bending structure 220 is circular, while the end connected to the wedge-shaped portion 232 is rectangular, for which reason the transition 231 is also a profiled structure. In addition, the design of the wedge-shaped part 232 makes the wedge-shaped part have two sloping surfaces with a certain angle, so that the internal optical signals can be conveniently directed outwards, and at the moment, if the external receiving structure is also designed with a receiving surface matched with the sloping surfaces, the optical signals in the wedge-shaped part 232 can directly pass through the sloping surfaces and the receiving surfaces and enter the receiving structure, and the transmission of the optical signals is realized.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, in order to better fix the bundle optical fibers while facilitating the manufacture, the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100 includes a cylinder 130 and a taper cylinder 120 provided on one end of the cylinder 130, the other end of the cylinder 130 is closed to form the coupling panel 110, and an outer sidewall of one side of the cylinder 130 is connected to the plate 300. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the cylinder 130 is matched with the outer diameter of the structure formed by the bundle fiber, and the graded barrel 120 is designed mainly to facilitate the insertion of the bundle fiber. The tangency of the plate 300 with the outer wall of the cylinder 130 mainly considers the problem of the later manufacturing process of the product, and facilitates the connection of the fixed cylinder 130 and the joint structure 230 by using the plate 300, so that the shaking between the spline bending structure 220 and the joint structure 230 can be reduced, and the connection of the later external receiving device is facilitated.
In some embodiments, in order to facilitate weight reduction and to facilitate observation of the bundle fiber, at least three hollowed holes 140 are provided on the sidewall of the cylinder 130, and all the hollowed holes 140 are uniformly provided on the sidewall of the cylinder 130 on the side not connected to the flat plate 300 along the circumferential direction of any cross section of the cylinder 130, which is more simply understood that in this embodiment, three hollowed holes 140 are uniformly distributed on three-quarters of the cylinder 130, respectively.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1 to 2, the bottom surface of the flat plate 300 is symmetrically provided with a plurality of circular support columns 310 on both sides, and in fact, the circular support columns 310 can effectively support the flat plate 300 and also facilitate supporting the flat plate 300 when 3D printing is used later. When it should be noted that, the end of the flat plate 300 near the spline bending structure 220 is provided with a plurality of support frusta 320, and because the integral structure of the end of the flat plate 300 near the spline bending structure 220 is relatively thin, in order to facilitate the later processing and support the end of the flat plate 300 near the joint structure 230, the present embodiment adopts the design of the joint structure 230 to adapt to the structural change of the flat plate 300.
According to the two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereoscopic coupler, the beam-mounted optical fiber is fixed by the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100, the end face of the beam-mounted optical fiber is aligned by the coupling panel 110, so that the self-alignment of the end face of the optical fiber is realized, and meanwhile, the coupling quality is improved; the coupling panel 110 transmits the light source signal coupled by the beam-mounted optical fiber through the waveguide 200, and the coupling panel 110 has the function of enabling the optical path to deviate by more than half the core diameter of the optical fiber, so that the optical coupling in the optical fiber is achieved into the waveguide 200, and in addition, the optical field can be compressed, so that the light in the waveguide 200 can be well coupled into the waveguides made of other materials, and the coupling loss is low. While the use of the graded structure 210 reduces alignment errors and errors in the print observations during registration. The waveguide 200 and the optical fiber coupling sleeve 100 can be supported by the plate 300, and meanwhile, the waveguide 200 can be kept stable in a 3D printing process, and meanwhile, the device is not completely stuck on a printed substrate due to the supporting structure, so that the device can be well peeled off from the printed substrate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber coupler, which comprises the following steps:
s100: constructing a 3D printing model by adopting 3D modeling software, and storing to form a printing file;
dropping uncured photopolymer material on a print substrate, and placing the print substrate and the uncured photopolymer material thereon on a workbench of a laser;
s200: importing the print file obtained in the step S100 into slicing software, and slicing the 3D print model by using the slicing software, wherein the slicing direction is X, Y or any direction in the Z direction; after the slicing direction is selected, the longitudinal precision value of the slice cannot be larger than the size value of the light spot emitted by the laser in the slicing direction, and the transverse precision value of the slice cannot be larger than the size value of the light spot emitted by the laser in the slicing direction; and (5) obtaining a corresponding thin layer after slicing, and filling the interior of the corresponding thin layer by using a linear type. The distance between adjacent linear filling lines is smaller than the horizontal projection size of the light spot on the tangential plane; the advancing speed of the light spot in the slicing direction is smaller than the thickness of the light spot in the slicing direction; obtaining a path file scanned by a laser after the slicing of the 3D printing model is completed;
s300: the path file scanned by the laser obtained in the step S200 is led into a laser controller in the laser, the laser controller adjusts the traveling direction of a light spot emitted by the laser, the initial position of the light spot is positioned on a horizontal contact interface between a printing substrate and an uncured photopolymer material dropwise, and the initial position of the light spot printing is positioned on one side of the uncured photopolymer material; setting printing parameters, selecting a printing direction, and starting a laser to start printing after parameter adjustment;
s400: solidifying the uncured photopolymer material irradiated by the laser light spot, forming a semi-finished product on the printing substrate after solidification, developing for 20-60s by using acetone, and removing the uncured photopolymer material; and obtaining the three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler.
It should be noted that, the specific modeling manner of the optical fiber stereo coupler is not described in detail herein, and the optical fiber stereo coupler can be designed according to different modeling software and staff. In this application, the 3D modeling software is mainly three-dimensional modeling software such as UG, solidwork or proe, and the 3D printing model is actually a 3D modeling structure formed by the 3D modeling software. Furthermore, the origin of the scanning of the laser in the present application should be located below the substrate, which facilitates better shaping of the cured photopolymer material. Wherein the size of the substrate is 5mm-25mm wide and 2cm-25mm long in the application, and the design is mainly matched with the specific size specification of the optical fiber three-dimensional coupler. Further, the slicing software is preferably implemented in the present application using the Cura software.
In some embodiments, in one embodiment of the present application, the photopolymer material in step S100 is one of SU-8 photoresist material, NOA photoresist, or greenA photoresist.
In the above step S300, the spot size is determined by the focusing lens and the laser wavelength, and in this application, the preferred laser is a 532nm picosecond laser, a nanosecond laser, or a femtosecond laser. The laser controller can adopt a conventional controller and is mainly used for adjusting the focal position, the output light intensity and the movement path of the laser light spot of the laser. In order to obtain a solid waveguide 200, the line spacing should be smaller than the dimension of the spot horizontal projection, i.e. the spacing between the line-type filling types should be smaller than the dimension of the spot horizontal projection.
In some embodiments, in one embodiment of the present application, the linear fill type in step S300 is one of a spiral fill, a straight fill, or a contour loft fill.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, but any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. A two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber coupler, comprising:
an optical fiber coupling sleeve (100) for fixing a bundle optical fiber, one end of the optical fiber coupling sleeve (100) having a coupling panel (110) coupled to and aligned with an end face of the bundle optical fiber;
the waveguide part (200) is used for transmitting the light source signals output by the beam-mounted optical fibers, one end of the waveguide part (200) is a gradual change structure (210) with a gradually-increased or gradually-decreased cross section, the large end of the gradual change structure (210) is connected with the outer side surface of the coupling panel (110), and the small end of the gradual change structure (210) is outwards bent and deformed to form a spline bending structure (220);
a flat plate member (300) with one side mounted on the outer side wall of the optical fiber coupling sleeve (100), the length direction of the flat plate member (300) is the same as the axial direction of the optical fiber coupling sleeve (100), and one end of the flat plate member (300) close to the waveguide member (200) extends outwards and the cross section of the flat plate member is gradually reduced;
wherein the end of the outward end of the spline bending structure (220) smoothly and tangentially intersects with the outwardly extending tip of the flat plate member (300) and forms a joint structure (230);
the cross section of the gradual change structure (210) is circular, the cross section of the spline bending structure (220) is also circular, and the cross section diameter of the spline bending structure (220) is the same as the cross section diameter of the small end of the gradual change structure (210);
the spline bending structure (220) comprises two quarter-round arc rings (221), one ends of the two arc rings (221) are connected and tangential directions are opposite, the other end of any one arc ring (221) is connected with the small end face of the gradual change structure (210), and the axial direction of the small end face of the gradual change structure (210) is the same as the tangential direction of the corresponding end of the arc ring (221); the other end of the arc ring (221) is smoothly tangent and intersected with the tip end of the outward extension of the flat plate piece (300);
the joint structure (230) comprises a transition part (231) and a wedge-shaped part (232), the joint structure (220) is smoothly connected with one end of the transition part (231) at the smooth tangential intersection point of the outwards extending tip of the flat plate piece (300), and the large end of the wedge-shaped part (232) is connected with the other end of the transition part (231); the wedge (232) is rectangular in cross section.
2. The two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereoscopic coupler according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber coupling sleeve (100) comprises a cylinder (130) and a gradual cylinder (120) arranged on one end of the cylinder (130), the other end of the cylinder (130) is closed to form the coupling panel (110), and an outer side wall of one side of the cylinder (130) is connected with the panel member (300).
3. The two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler according to claim 2, wherein at least three hollowed holes (140) are provided on the side wall of the cylinder (130), and all the hollowed holes (140) are uniformly provided on the side wall of the cylinder (130) which is not connected with the flat plate (300) along the circumferential direction of any cross section of the cylinder (130).
4. The two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of round support columns (310) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the flat plate member (300), and a plurality of support conical tables (320) are arranged on one end of the flat plate member (300) close to the spline bending structure (220).
5. A method for preparing a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler, for preparing the three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s100: constructing a 3D printing model by adopting 3D modeling software, and storing to form a printing file;
dropping uncured photopolymer material on a print substrate, and placing the print substrate and the uncured photopolymer material thereon on a workbench of a laser;
s200: importing the print file obtained in the step S100 into slicing software, and slicing the 3D print model by using the slicing software, wherein the slicing direction is X, Y or any direction in the Z direction; after the slicing direction is selected, the longitudinal precision value of the slice cannot be larger than the size value of the light spot emitted by the laser in the slicing direction, and the transverse precision value of the slice cannot be larger than the size value of the light spot emitted by the laser in the slicing direction; obtaining a corresponding thin layer after slicing, and filling the interior of the corresponding thin layer by using a linear type; the distance between adjacent linear filling lines is smaller than the horizontal projection size of the light spot on the tangential plane; the advancing speed of the light spot in the slicing direction is smaller than the thickness of the light spot in the slicing direction; obtaining a path file scanned by a laser after the slicing of the 3D printing model is completed;
s300: the path file scanned by the laser obtained in the step S200 is led into a laser controller in the laser, the laser controller adjusts the traveling direction of a light spot emitted by the laser, the initial position of the light spot is positioned on a horizontal contact interface between a printing substrate and an uncured photopolymer material dropwise, and the initial position of the light spot printing is positioned on one side of the uncured photopolymer material; setting printing parameters, selecting a printing direction, and starting a laser to start printing after parameter adjustment;
s400: solidifying the uncured photopolymer material irradiated by the laser light spot, forming a semi-finished product on the printing substrate after solidification, developing for 20-60s by using acetone, and removing the uncured photopolymer material; and obtaining the three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler.
6. The method for preparing a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler according to claim 5, wherein the photosensitive polymer material is one of SU-8 photoresist material, NOA photoresist or greenA photoresist.
7. The method for preparing a two-photon polymerization 3D printing three-dimensional optical fiber stereo coupler according to claim 5, wherein the linear filling type is one of spiral filling, linear filling or contour line lofting filling.
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