CN114718081B - Prefabricated pile capable of recycling foundation pit enclosure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Prefabricated pile capable of recycling foundation pit enclosure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114718081B CN114718081B CN202210324180.3A CN202210324180A CN114718081B CN 114718081 B CN114718081 B CN 114718081B CN 202210324180 A CN202210324180 A CN 202210324180A CN 114718081 B CN114718081 B CN 114718081B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
- E02D13/08—Removing obstacles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/52—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments
- E02D5/523—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments composed of segments
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an assembled recyclable foundation pit support precast pile and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the field of building construction. The pile body component units are adopted to assemble and form the prefabricated pile for the recoverable foundation pit enclosure, wherein the pile body modules can flexibly combine the standard blocks, the adjusting blocks, the waist beam connecting blocks and the crown beam blocks to form single piles with any height. The pile body member unit also adopts the guide frame with the hollow pore canal, thereby realizing the functions of sediment discharge and backfill filling. Therefore, in the construction process of the prefabricated pile of the assembled recyclable foundation pit enclosure, the sediment at the bottom can be conveniently discharged, and all components can be recycled after the basement is constructed, and pile holes are filled with backfill. The invention is applicable to different engineering projects, and the prefabricated enclosure precast pile assembly form can greatly save the cost and time required by construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building construction, and particularly relates to an assembled recyclable foundation pit enclosure precast pile and a construction method thereof.
Background
The foundation pit engineering enclosure structure is mainly divided into steel sheet piles, steel pipe piles, SMW construction method piles, TRD construction method piles, prefabricated pipe piles, immersed tube filling piles, bored filling piles, underground continuous walls and the like. Wherein, the bored pile has higher rigidity, mature process and the most wide application. From one layer to three layers of basements, bored piles can be used as enclosure structures. However, the foundation pit support bored pile has large material consumption and high cost, becomes a permanent hidden project after one-time use, is difficult to reuse, and is contrary to the concepts of ' carbon peak and ' carbon neutralization '.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an assembled recyclable foundation pit enclosure precast pile and a construction method thereof.
The specific technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an assembled recyclable foundation pit support precast pile, which comprises a plurality of pile body member units, wherein the pile body member units are used for forming a foundation pit support structure encircling the outer edge of a foundation pit through splicing;
The pile body member unit comprises a guide frame and a pile body module;
the guide frame is provided with one or more guide rods, each guide rod is vertically arranged on the end plate base, the guide rods are internally provided with hollow channels which are axially communicated, the top openings of the guide rods are used for connecting external pipelines, and the bottom openings of the guide rods are communicated with the lower surface of the end plate base;
the pile body module is divided into a standard block, a waist beam connecting block, an adjusting block and a crown beam block; each pile body module is provided with a mounting hole matched with the guide frame, and the pile body module can be sleeved on a guide rod of the guide frame through the mounting hole; the top surface of each pile body module is provided with a tongue and groove, and the bottom surface of each pile body module is provided with a groove matched with the tongue and groove; connecting pieces for connecting supports in the foundation pit are arranged on the waist beam connecting blocks and the crown beam blocks, and the connecting pieces on the waist beam connecting blocks are concave relative to the standard blocks below the waist beam connecting blocks; both sides of each crown beam block are respectively provided with a tongue-and-groove and a groove which can be connected with other crown beam blocks;
the standard block, the waist beam connecting block, the adjusting block and the crown beam block are sleeved on each guide rod in a combined manner to form a single pile; the crown beam block is arranged at the top of the pile body; the waist beam connecting block is arranged at a position on the pile body, which is required to be connected with the support in the foundation pit, and the connecting piece faces to the side of the support in the foundation pit; the adjusting block is arranged below the crown beam block and the waist beam connecting block and is used for adjusting the heights of the crown beam block and the waist beam connecting block to meet the design requirement; the rest positions except for the waist beam connecting block, the adjusting block and the crown beam block in the whole single pile are formed by the standard blocks, and pile body modules which are adjacent up and down of the single pile are tightly spliced through grooves and rabbets, so that the vertical continuity of the pile body is maintained;
The crown beam blocks at the top of the pile body of all pile body member units can be tightly spliced through the rabbets and the grooves, so that the transverse continuity of all crown beam blocks is maintained.
As a preference of the first aspect, the standard block, the waist beam connecting block and the crown beam block are standard modules applicable to different projects; the adjusting block is a customizing module aiming at a target project and is used for ensuring that the total pile body height after splicing and the positions of the waist beam connecting block and the crown beam block meet design requirements.
As a preferable aspect of the first aspect, each guide frame is provided with a plurality of parallel guide rods, and the standard block, the waist beam connecting block and the adjusting block of the plurality of single piles assembled and formed on the single guide frame are independent, but the top crown beam block adopts an integral component, so that the tops of the plurality of single piles are combined into a whole.
Preferably, in the first aspect, hooks are provided on the guide rod and the crown block.
Preferably, in the first aspect, the heights of the crown block and the wale connection block are 0.6 to 1.0 meter, and the heights of the standard blocks are 4 to 6 meters.
As a preferable aspect of the first aspect, the connecting piece on the waist beam connecting block is a pre-buried steel plate for connecting stress steel bars supported in the foundation pit.
Preferably, in the first aspect, the diameter of the mounting hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the guide rod, and the mounting hole and the guide rod form clearance fit.
Preferably, the tongue and groove on the pile body module are annular and coaxially arranged with the pile body.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a construction method for an assembled recoverable foundation pit enclosure precast pile according to any one of the first aspect, which comprises the following steps:
S1, mechanically forming holes according to the design position of a foundation pit enclosure precast pile of a foundation pit project, and further forming a series of pile holes circumferentially arranged along the edge of the foundation pit project on a foundation plane, wherein each pile hole corresponds to a pile body member unit to be installed; after the components of all pile body member units are transported to site for positioning, respectively hoisting and sinking all guide frames into corresponding pile holes until the end plate bases of the guide frames are submerged into the sediment at the bottoms of the holes;
S2, for each pile hole, respectively connecting the top opening of the guide rod with external suction equipment through a pipeline, and then utilizing the suction equipment to suck and discharge sediment at the bottom of the hole, so as to clean the sediment at the bottom of the hole and dismantle the pipeline connected with the top of the guide rod, wherein an end plate base of the guide frame props against a foundation at the bottom of the hole;
S3, performing pile body module assembly operation on the first pile hole, continuously assembling a standard block onto a guide frame through hoisting equipment, sinking the standard block into the pile hole along a guide rod, continuously assembling the standard block one by one, assembling a preset adjusting block onto the guide frame and sinking the standard block into the pile hole along the guide rod every time the standard block approaches to the installation position of the support in a foundation pit, hoisting a waist beam connecting block onto the guide frame and sinking the waist beam connecting block into the pile hole along the guide rod, enabling the assembling height of the waist beam connecting block on the lower adjusting block to just meet the installation height of the support in the corresponding foundation pit, finally installing a preset adjusting block and a crown beam block at the top, and tightly splicing all the waist beam connecting blocks and the connecting pieces on the crown beam blocks towards the side of the support in the foundation pit vertically through rabbets and grooves to finish single pile assembly operation; the same pile body module assembly operation is sequentially carried out on each pile hole along the pile hole plane arrangement trend, and continuous beams are formed by closely splicing crown beam blocks at the tops of adjacent single piles through grooves and rabbets, so that the construction of the integral foundation pit enclosure precast pile is completed;
S4, excavating soil body of the foundation pit in the enclosure area of the prefabricated pile of the foundation pit enclosure according to the construction organization scheme of the foundation pit, and constructing all the internal supports of the foundation pit in sequence from top to bottom, wherein each internal support of the foundation pit is fixedly connected to the connecting piece of the crown beam block or the waist beam connecting block at the corresponding height through the stress steel bars at the end part until the foundation pit is excavated to the bottom of the foundation pit;
S5, after the foundation pit is excavated, constructing a basement, removing the support B in the foundation pit one by one in the construction process, and after the construction of the basement is finished, backfilling soil bodies in the space between the periphery of the basement and the prefabricated piles of the foundation pit enclosure;
S6, sequentially carrying out single pile dismantling operation on all pile holes along the trend of the foundation pit enclosure precast pile, when each pile hole is subjected to single pile dismantling operation, firstly recycling a crown beam block by using hoisting equipment, then carrying out integral hoisting on the guide frame and the rest pile body modules arranged on the guide frame, continuously injecting backfill into the pore canal in the guide rod to fill the pile hole below the end plate base in the hoisting process, and finally completely taking out the guide frame and all pile body modules, and simultaneously filling the whole pile hole of the pile hole with the backfill;
And S7, after the single pile dismantling operation of all pile holes is completed, recovering and transferring the guide frame and all pile body modules for the construction of the next project.
Preferably, in the second aspect, the pile body modules are prefabricated in a factory and then transported to a project site for installation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The pile body component units are adopted to assemble and form the prefabricated pile for the recoverable foundation pit enclosure, wherein the pile body modules can flexibly combine the standard blocks, the adjusting blocks, the waist beam connecting blocks and the crown beam blocks to form single piles with any height. The pile body member unit also adopts the guide frame with the hollow pore canal, thereby realizing the functions of sediment discharge and backfill filling. Therefore, in the construction process of the prefabricated pile of the assembled recyclable foundation pit enclosure, the sediment at the bottom can be conveniently discharged, and all components can be recycled after the basement is constructed, and pile holes are filled with backfill. The invention is applicable to different engineering projects, and the prefabricated enclosure precast pile assembly form can greatly save the cost and time required by construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an assembled recoverable foundation pit bracing precast pile;
FIG. 2 is an elevation view of a composite pile of three individual piles;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a single pile body member unit in an assembled state;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the guide frame;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of each pile module in a single pile member unit;
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a construction method of the prefabricated pile of the prefabricated recoverable foundation pit enclosure.
The reference numerals in the drawings are: pile position A, foundation pit inner support B, pit outer W, pit inner N, guide frame 1, standard block 2, regulating block 3, waist beam connecting block 4, crown beam block 5, pre-buried steel plate 6, tongue-and-groove 7, pile hole 8, sediment 9, lifting rope 10, pipeline 11, waist beam 12, foundation pit bottom 13, basement 14, backfill 15, end plate base 101, guide rod 102, hollow duct 103 and lifting hook 104.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. The technical features of the embodiments of the invention can be combined correspondingly on the premise of no mutual conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected with intervening elements present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, there are no intervening elements present.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an assembled recyclable foundation pit enclosure precast pile is provided, which includes a plurality of pile body member units, each of which can be assembled to form a foundation pit enclosure surrounding an outer edge of a foundation pit. Referring to fig. 1, a series of pile holes can be formed in advance in the whole foundation pit enclosure precast pile according to a designed pile position a, each pile hole adopts a pile body member unit in a corresponding mode, and then each pile body member unit is assembled to form a single pile, and all the single piles are continuously spliced to form the corresponding foundation pit enclosure precast pile. And the prefabricated pile of the foundation pit enclosure is provided with a connecting piece which can be temporarily connected with the support B in the foundation pit required by basement construction.
The specific structure of the individual pile body member units will be described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 2, the pile body member unit includes two parts of a guide frame 1 and a pile body module, wherein the guide frame 1 serves to provide a mounting base for the pile body module while providing a passage for the discharge of sediment and the filling of backfill, and the pile body module serves to form a single pile through flexible assembly.
The guide frame can be provided with one or more guide rods, and each guide rod is vertically arranged on the end plate base. As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the guide frame 1 has three guide rods 102, and the three guide rods 102 are vertically mounted on the end plate base 101, and each guide rod 102 may form a single pile. The structure of the mono pile is shown in fig. 3. Further, as shown in fig. 4, the end plate base 101 of the guide frame 1 may be formed by machining a steel plate, and holes may be formed at positions where the guide rods 102 are connected. The guide rod 102 is of hollow rod design, i.e. it has an axially through hollow bore 103, the top opening of which is used for connecting the external pipe 11, and the bottom opening of which communicates with the lower surface of the end plate base 101 through an opening in the end plate base 101. Thus, the sediment at the lower part of the end plate base 101 can be sucked through the hollow duct 103, and the backfill 15 can be injected into the lower part of the end plate base 101 through the hollow duct 103. In addition, in order to facilitate the integral hoisting of the guide frame 1, hoisting connectors such as a lifting hook 104 can be arranged at the top of the guide rod 102, and subsequent hoisting equipment can be connected with the lifting hook 104 through a hoisting rope 10 such as a steel wire, so as to carry out hoisting operation on the guide frame 1.
As shown in fig. 5, the pile body module is divided into a standard block 2, a wale connection block 4, an adjusting block 3 and a crown block 5. The four pile body modules, namely the standard block 2, the waist beam connecting block 4, the adjusting block 3 and the crown beam block 5, are respectively provided with mounting holes matched with the guide frame 1, so that the pile body modules can be sleeved and mounted on the guide rod 102 of the guide frame 1 through the mounting holes. Since the guide frame 1 in this embodiment has three guide rods 102, each pile body module is correspondingly provided with a mounting hole, and thus, a combined pile formed by three single piles is actually assembled on one guide frame 1. The standard blocks, the waist beam connecting blocks and the adjusting blocks of the plurality of single piles assembled and formed on the single guide frame are independent, but the top crown beam block adopts an integral component, so that the tops of the plurality of single piles can be connected into a whole. Of course, in other embodiments, other numbers of guide rods 102, such as 1, 2, 4 or more, may be provided on the guide frame 1, so as to form different numbers of single piles as shown in fig. 3. But in general, three single piles are combined into a group, so that the high-flexibility pile has high flexibility and can meet common use requirements.
In addition, because the pile body modules are assembled by splicing, in order to ensure the tightness of the positions of the splicing seams, the top surface of each pile body module is provided with the tongue-and-groove 7, and the side surface of the bottom surface is provided with the groove matched with the tongue-and-groove 7. Therefore, pile body modules on the same single pile can be tightly spliced up and down to form a continuous pile body.
In addition, in order to avoid horizontal shake of the pile body module on the guide frame 1, the diameter of the installation hole on the pile body module can be controlled to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the guide rod 102, so that clearance fit can be formed between the pile body module and the guide rod 102, horizontal displacement is reduced under the condition that assembly is not affected, and smooth realization of the assembly process is ensured. The guide rod 102 preferably has an outer diameter of 200mm.
In addition, in the invention, in the process of excavating the foundation pit in basement construction, in order to ensure the stability of the foundation pit support precast piles around the foundation pit and improve the capability of the foundation pit precast piles for resisting the lateral load of the W outside the pit, the foundation pit support B is required to be arranged on the foundation pit support precast piles. The support B in the foundation pit is often provided with a plurality of support beams, the uppermost support beam is arranged on the crown beam which is flush with the ground, and the rest support beams are arranged below the ground. Therefore, in order to facilitate connection of the foundation pit inner support B, the present invention may be provided with a connection member for connecting the foundation pit inner support B on the wale connection block 4 and the wale block 5. The specific form of connecting piece is not limited, and in this embodiment, the connecting piece on the waist beam connecting block 4 can adopt pre-buried steel plate 6, can weld the tip atress reinforcing bar of foundation ditch inner support B on pre-buried steel plate 6 when the inner support B of construction foundation ditch, forms stable whole atress system. When the support B in the foundation pit is dismantled, the end stressed steel bars of the support B in the foundation pit can be cut off or cut off.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the standard block 2, the wale connection block 4, the adjusting block 3 and the crown block 5 are assembled and sleeved on the guide frame 1 to form a single pile. Wherein, standard block 2 is the main pile body module of the single pile. The crown beam block 5 is arranged at the top of the pile body and is used for being connected to form a crown beam structure of the foundation pit support precast pile. The wale connection block 4 is installed on the pile body at a position where the support B in the foundation pit needs to be connected, and the aforementioned connection piece needs to face the side where the support B in the foundation pit is located. Because the crown beam block 5 and the waist beam connecting block 4 play a role in connecting the support B in the foundation pit, and the design elevation of the support B in the foundation pit is determined according to the related design calculation and cannot be adjusted at will, in order to ensure that the crown beam block 5 and the waist beam connecting block 4 can be just positioned at the height position required by the support B in the foundation pit, the adjusting block 3 with the height inconsistent with the standard block 2 is introduced. The adjusting block 3 is arranged below the crown beam block 5 and the waist beam connecting block 4 and is used for adjusting the heights of the crown beam block 5 and the waist beam connecting block 4 to meet the design requirement. The rest positions of the whole single pile except the waist beam connecting block 4, the adjusting block 3 and the crown beam block 5 are formed by the standard blocks 2, and pile body modules adjacent up and down of the single pile are tightly spliced through the rabbets 7 and the grooves, so that the vertical continuity of the pile body is maintained.
It should be noted that, the standard block 2, the waist beam connecting block 4 and the crown beam block 5 are all standard modules suitable for different projects. However, the adjusting blocks 3 are generally custom modules for target engineering, and are used for ensuring that the total pile body height after splicing and the positions of the waist beam connecting blocks 4 and the crown beam blocks meet design requirements, and the number, the height and the positions of the adjusting blocks are determined according to practical situations. Of course, the used adjusting block 3 of a certain factory can be stored, and can be directly used when other applicable projects exist, so that the customizing cost is reduced. The height of the adjusting blocks 3 is smaller than that of the standard blocks 2.
In addition, as a preferable example of the present invention, the heights of the crown block 5 and the wale connection block 4 are 0.6 to 1.0m, and the height is preferably 0.8 m; whereas the height of the standard block 2 is 4-6 meters, preferably 5 meters. The diameter of the single pile can be adjusted according to actual design requirements. In the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, in which three single piles are used as a group, the height, width and length of the crown block 5 may be respectively designed to be 0.8 m, 1.2 m and 3.6 m, and the height and width of the wale connection block 4 may be respectively designed to be 0.8 m and 0.9 m.
Because the whole foundation pit enclosure precast pile is assembled by a series of single piles, the horizontal direction of the foundation pit enclosure precast pile needs to depend on a crown beam at the top to provide a coupling effect so as to resist the lateral force applied by the soil body outside the pit W to the single piles and facing the N in the pit. In the case of a guide frame 1 with a plurality of single piles, the crown block 5at the top of each single pile can be independent or integrally cast. At that time, whether the crown blocks 5 of each single pile top are independent or integrally cast, all the crown blocks 5 of the single pile top need to be able to form a continuous beam by assembly. Therefore, in this embodiment, a tongue-and-groove needs to be formed on one side of each crown block, and a groove matched with the tongue-and-groove needs to be formed on the other side of each crown block, so that each crown block can be connected with other adjacent crown blocks through the tongue-and-groove.
In addition, in order to facilitate the hoisting of the crown beam block 5, a corresponding lifting hook can be arranged on the crown beam block 5, and lifting hooks can be arranged on the rest pile body modules according to the requirement.
In addition, the embedded steel plate 6 on the crown beam block 5 can be directly connected with the support B in the foundation pit, and the embedded steel plate 6 of the waist beam connecting block 4 at the waist position of the pile body can also be indirectly connected with the support B in the foundation pit through the waist beam 12, and can be specifically determined according to actual design and construction scheme. Further, as shown in fig. 3, in order to provide corresponding supporting points for the wale 12, the connecting piece on the wale connecting block 4 is concave relative to the standard block 3 below the wale connecting block 4, so that a supporting surface is formed at the connecting position of the connecting piece and the standard block, and the end part of the wale 12 can be supported on the supporting surface besides being welded with the embedded steel plate 6.
The specific size and form of each tongue and groove adopted in the invention can be adjusted according to the actual needs. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to prevent a through seam between the upper pile body module and the lower pile body module, a ring of annular grooves (the height and the width are 100 mm) coaxial with the pile body are arranged on the upper top surface of each pile body module, and a ring of annular grooves (the depth and the width are 100 mm) coaxial with the pile body are reserved on the lower bottom surface of each pile body module. Preferably, in order to ensure that the crown blocks 5 form a continuous beam capable of bearing transverse force through connection, the tongue-and-groove on the crown blocks 5 can be specially designed so as not to separate under the action of horizontal force. Thereby, the pile top crown blocks 5 of all pile body member units can be tightly spliced through the grooves and the tongue-and-groove, and the transverse continuity of all crown blocks 5 is maintained.
In addition, referring to fig. 1, since the prefabricated piles of the foundation pit enclosure are generally rectangular in layout, the planar arrangement form of the single piles can be laid according to the outer edges of the foundation pit to form a rectangular enclosing structure. Of course, if the foundation pit enclosure precast pile is in other special-shaped shapes, other plane arrangement forms can be adopted.
As shown in fig. 6, based on the above-mentioned prefabricated pile of the prefabricated recoverable foundation pit enclosure, the invention may further provide a construction method of the prefabricated pile of the recoverable foundation pit enclosure, which comprises the following construction process flows: mechanical pore forming, sinking a guide frame, installing a pipeline, extracting sediment through a pore canal, installing each module, constructing an internal support, excavating earthwork, constructing a basement, backfilling the periphery, recycling crown beam blocks, recycling other modules, backfilling the soil through the pore canal, and completing backfilling. The following describes the specific steps of the construction method in detail:
S1, mechanically forming holes according to the design position of a foundation pit enclosure precast pile of a foundation pit project, and further forming a series of pile holes 8 circumferentially arranged along the edge of the foundation pit project on a foundation plane, wherein each pile hole 8 corresponds to a pile body member unit to be installed; after the components of all pile body member units are transported to the site for positioning, all guide frames 1 are respectively hoisted and sunk into corresponding pile holes 8 through hoisting equipment until end plate bases 101 of the guide frames 1 are sunk into hole bottom sediments 9, and one guide frame 1 is sunk into each pile hole 8, as shown in (a) of fig. 6.
It should be noted that pile body modules are all prefabricated in factories and then transported to engineering sites for installation. The hoisting equipment adopted in the invention can be equipment such as an automobile crane, a tower crane and the like, and is not limited.
S2, for each pile hole 8, connecting the top opening of the guide rod 102 with external suction equipment through a pipeline 11, and then sucking and discharging the hole bottom sediment 9 by the suction equipment, so as to clean the hole bottom sediment 9 and dismantle the pipeline 11 connected with the top of the guide rod 102, wherein the end plate base 101 of the guide frame 1 is propped against the foundation at the bottom of the pile hole 8, as shown in (b) in fig. 6.
The external suction device used in the present invention may be a high-power negative pressure suction pump.
S3, performing pile body module assembly operation on the first pile hole 8, continuously assembling the standard block 2 onto the guide frame 1 through hoisting equipment, sinking the standard block into the pile hole 8 along the guide rod 102, continuously assembling the standard block one by one, assembling the standard block 3 onto the guide frame 1 every time the standard block approaches to the installation position of the support B in the foundation pit, sinking the standard block into the pile hole 8 along the guide rod 102, hoisting a waist beam connecting block 4 onto the guide frame 1, sinking the waist beam connecting block into the pile hole 8 along the guide rod 102, enabling the assembly height of the waist beam connecting block 4 on the lower adjusting block 3 to just meet the installation height of the corresponding support B in the foundation pit, finally installing a prefabricated adjusting block 3 and a crown beam block 5 at the top, and tightly assembling all the waist beam connecting blocks 4 and connecting pieces on the crown beam blocks 5 towards the side of the support B in the foundation pit, so as to complete the assembly operation of a single pile; and (3) carrying out the same pile body module assembly operation on each pile hole 8 along the trend of the pile hole 8 of the foundation pit enclosure precast pile, and tightly splicing the crown beam blocks 5 at the tops of adjacent single piles through the tongue-and-groove 7 and the groove between the crown beam blocks 5, thereby completing the construction of the whole foundation pit enclosure precast pile, as shown in (c) in fig. 6.
It should be noted that the pile body module assembly operation procedures in the different pile holes 8 are basically similar, but the specific installation positions and the number of the wale connection blocks 4 may be different. This is because there may be a difference in the positions where the foundation pit inner support B needs to be provided among the single piles corresponding to the different pile holes 8, and a part of the single piles may not need to be connected to the foundation pit inner support B. For each pile hole 8, the number of the required waist beam connecting blocks 4 and the installation height can be calculated in advance according to the construction drawing, then the height of the corresponding required adjusting blocks 3 is calculated, the adjusting blocks 3 below the waist beam connecting blocks 4 are customized in advance, meanwhile, the waist beam connecting blocks 4 below the crown beam blocks 5 are customized according to the overall height of the single pile, and the assembled single pile is ensured to meet the design form of the foundation pit enclosure precast pile where the pile hole 8 is located.
In order to ensure the smooth progress of the installation process, for each pile hole 8, all pile body modules can be numbered in sequence in advance, and the pile body modules can be hoisted in sequence in the construction process.
S4, excavating soil body of the foundation pit in the foundation pit enclosure precast pile enclosing area according to the construction organization scheme of the foundation pit, constructing all the support B in the foundation pit in sequence from top to bottom, and connecting and fixing the support B in each foundation pit on the pre-buried steel plate 6 of the crown beam block 5 or the waist beam connecting block 4 at the corresponding height through the stress steel bars at the end part until the foundation pit is excavated to the foundation pit bottom 13, as shown in (d) in fig. 6.
It should be noted that, the construction organization scheme of the foundation pit soil excavation can be determined according to the related design specification and the project design scheme, which belongs to the prior art and is not the key point of the present invention, so that the description is omitted. The construction method of the support B in the foundation pit can also be carried out according to the related design specifications and the design scheme of the project.
S5, after the foundation pit is excavated, constructing the basement 14, removing the support B in the foundation pit channel by channel in the construction process, and after the construction of the basement 14 is finished, backfilling soil bodies in the space between the periphery of the basement 14 and the prefabricated piles of the foundation pit enclosure, as shown in (e) in FIG. 6;
It should be noted that, the support B in the foundation pit is removed from the bottom to the top along with the construction progress of the basement 14. When the support B in the foundation pit is dismantled, the stressed steel bars at the end parts of the support B can be cut off or cut off, so that the support B is separated from the embedded steel plate 6. In order to make the waist beam connecting block 4 reusable, the pre-buried steel plate 6 should be prevented from being damaged when the stressed steel bar is cut off or cut off, and the welded part of the pre-buried steel plate 6 can be ground by processing after being recovered later.
S6, sequentially carrying out single pile dismantling operation on all pile holes 8 along the trend of the foundation pit enclosure precast pile, when each pile hole 8 carries out single pile dismantling operation, firstly recycling the crown beam block 5 by using lifting equipment and lifting ropes 10, as shown in (f) in fig. 6, then slowly carrying out integral lifting on the guide frame 1 and other pile body modules mounted on the guide frame 1, continuously injecting backfill 15 into the pore canal in the guide rod 102 to fill the pile hole 8 below the end plate base 101 in the lifting process, as shown in (g) in fig. 6, finally completely taking out the guide frame 1 and all pile body modules, and simultaneously filling the whole pile hole 8 of the pile hole 8 with backfill 15, as shown in (h) in fig. 6.
It should be noted that the rising speed of the guide frame 1 should not be too high in this process, so as to ensure that the backfill soil 15 can fill the pile hole 8 below the end plate base 101 in time after the pile body module of the guide frame 1 is removed, so as to avoid damage to the pile hole 8 due to lateral load.
And S7, after the single pile dismantling operation of all pile holes 8 is completed, recovering and transferring the guide frame 1 and all pile body modules for the construction of the next project. All single piles in the foundation pit enclosure precast pile can be removed one by one, and the crown beam blocks 5 and other pile body components can be removed one by one after the crown beam blocks 5 are recovered. However, if a plurality of composite piles, in which single piles are assembled to the same guide frame 1, are used, it is necessary to perform the overall dismantling in units of composite piles.
The above embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all the technical schemes obtained by adopting the equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are within the protection scope of the invention.
The above embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all the technical schemes obtained by adopting the equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The prefabricated pile is characterized by comprising a plurality of pile body member units, wherein the pile body member units are used for forming a foundation pit support structure encircling the outer edge of a foundation pit through splicing;
The pile body member unit comprises a guide frame and a pile body module;
the guide frame is provided with one or more guide rods, each guide rod is vertically arranged on the end plate base, the guide rods are internally provided with hollow channels which are axially communicated, the top openings of the guide rods are used for connecting external pipelines, and the bottom openings of the guide rods are communicated with the lower surface of the end plate base;
the pile body module is divided into a standard block, a waist beam connecting block, an adjusting block and a crown beam block; each pile body module is provided with a mounting hole matched with the guide frame, and the pile body module can be sleeved on a guide rod of the guide frame through the mounting hole; the top surface of each pile body module is provided with a tongue and groove, and the bottom surface of each pile body module is provided with a groove matched with the tongue and groove; connecting pieces for connecting supports in the foundation pit are arranged on the waist beam connecting blocks and the crown beam blocks, and the connecting pieces on the waist beam connecting blocks are concave relative to the standard blocks below the waist beam connecting blocks; both sides of each crown beam block are respectively provided with a tongue-and-groove and a groove which can be connected with other crown beam blocks;
the standard block, the waist beam connecting block, the adjusting block and the crown beam block are sleeved on each guide rod in a combined manner to form a single pile; the crown beam block is arranged at the top of the pile body; the waist beam connecting block is arranged at a position on the pile body, which is required to be connected with the support in the foundation pit, and the connecting piece faces to the side of the support in the foundation pit; the adjusting block is arranged below the crown beam block and the waist beam connecting block and is used for adjusting the heights of the crown beam block and the waist beam connecting block to meet the design requirement; the rest positions except for the waist beam connecting block, the adjusting block and the crown beam block in the whole single pile are formed by the standard blocks, and pile body modules which are adjacent up and down of the single pile are tightly spliced through grooves and rabbets, so that the vertical continuity of the pile body is maintained;
The crown beam blocks at the top of the pile body of all pile body member units can be tightly spliced through the rabbets and the grooves, so that the transverse continuity of all crown beam blocks is maintained.
2. The prefabricated pile for the recoverable foundation pit enclosure of claim 1, wherein the standard block, the waist beam connecting block and the crown beam block are standard modules applicable to different projects; the adjusting block is a customizing module aiming at a target project and is used for ensuring that the total pile body height after splicing and the positions of the waist beam connecting block and the crown beam block meet design requirements.
3. The prefabricated pile for the recoverable foundation pit enclosure of claim 1, wherein each guide frame is provided with a plurality of parallel guide rods, and standard blocks, waist beam connecting blocks and adjusting blocks of a plurality of single piles assembled and formed on a single guide frame are independent, but the top crown beam blocks are integrated components, so that the tops of the plurality of single piles are combined into a whole.
4. The fabricated recyclable foundation pit bracing precast pile according to claim 1, wherein the guide rod and the crown block are provided with hooks.
5. The prefabricated pile for the recoverable foundation pit enclosure of claim 1, wherein the heights of the crown beam block and the waist beam connecting block are 0.6-1.0 m, and the heights of the standard blocks are 4-6 m.
6. The prefabricated pile for the prefabricated recoverable foundation pit enclosure of claim 1, wherein the connecting piece on the waist beam connecting block is a pre-buried steel plate for connecting the stressed steel bars supported in the foundation pit.
7. The fabricated recyclable foundation pit bracing precast pile according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the mounting hole is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the guide rod, and the mounting hole and the guide rod form clearance fit.
8. The fabricated recyclable foundation pit bracing precast pile according to claim 1, wherein the tongue-and-groove on the pile body module is annular and coaxially arranged with the pile body.
9. A construction method of the prefabricated pile for the prefabricated recoverable foundation pit support according to claims 1-8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
S1, mechanically forming holes according to the design position of a foundation pit enclosure precast pile of a foundation pit project, and further forming a series of pile holes circumferentially arranged along the edge of the foundation pit project on a foundation plane, wherein each pile hole corresponds to a pile body member unit to be installed; after the components of all pile body member units are transported to site for positioning, respectively hoisting and sinking all guide frames into corresponding pile holes until the end plate bases of the guide frames are submerged into the sediment at the bottoms of the holes;
S2, for each pile hole, respectively connecting the top opening of the guide rod with external suction equipment through a pipeline, and then utilizing the suction equipment to suck and discharge sediment at the bottom of the hole, so as to clean the sediment at the bottom of the hole and dismantle the pipeline connected with the top of the guide rod, wherein an end plate base of the guide frame props against a foundation at the bottom of the hole;
S3, performing pile body module assembly operation on the first pile hole, continuously assembling a standard block onto a guide frame through hoisting equipment, sinking the standard block into the pile hole along a guide rod, continuously assembling the standard block one by one, assembling a preset adjusting block onto the guide frame and sinking the standard block into the pile hole along the guide rod every time the standard block approaches to the installation position of the support in a foundation pit, hoisting a waist beam connecting block onto the guide frame and sinking the waist beam connecting block into the pile hole along the guide rod, enabling the assembling height of the waist beam connecting block on the lower adjusting block to just meet the installation height of the support in the corresponding foundation pit, finally installing a preset adjusting block and a crown beam block at the top, and tightly splicing all the waist beam connecting blocks and the connecting pieces on the crown beam blocks towards the side of the support in the foundation pit vertically through rabbets and grooves to finish single pile assembly operation; the same pile body module assembly operation is sequentially carried out on each pile hole along the pile hole plane arrangement trend, and continuous beams are formed by closely splicing crown beam blocks at the tops of adjacent single piles through grooves and rabbets, so that the construction of the integral foundation pit enclosure precast pile is completed;
S4, excavating soil body of the foundation pit in the enclosure area of the prefabricated pile of the foundation pit enclosure according to the construction organization scheme of the foundation pit, and constructing all the internal supports of the foundation pit in sequence from top to bottom, wherein each internal support of the foundation pit is fixedly connected to the connecting piece of the crown beam block or the waist beam connecting block at the corresponding height through the stress steel bars at the end part until the foundation pit is excavated to the bottom of the foundation pit;
S5, after the foundation pit is excavated, constructing a basement, removing the support in the foundation pit one by one in the construction process, and after the construction of the basement is finished, backfilling soil bodies in the space between the periphery of the basement and the prefabricated piles of the foundation pit enclosure;
S6, sequentially carrying out single pile dismantling operation on all pile holes along the trend of the foundation pit enclosure precast pile, when each pile hole is subjected to single pile dismantling operation, firstly recycling a crown beam block by using hoisting equipment, then carrying out integral hoisting on the guide frame and the rest pile body modules arranged on the guide frame, continuously injecting backfill into the pore canal in the guide rod to fill the pile hole below the end plate base in the hoisting process, and finally completely taking out the guide frame and all pile body modules, and simultaneously filling the whole pile hole of the pile hole with the backfill;
And S7, after the single pile dismantling operation of all pile holes is completed, recovering and transferring the guide frame and all pile body modules for the construction of the next project.
10. The method of construction of claim 9, wherein the pile modules are prefabricated at a factory and then transported to a project site for installation.
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