CN114718039B - Drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing integrated dam reinforcement device and reinforcement method - Google Patents
Drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing integrated dam reinforcement device and reinforcement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114718039B CN114718039B CN202210379155.5A CN202210379155A CN114718039B CN 114718039 B CN114718039 B CN 114718039B CN 202210379155 A CN202210379155 A CN 202210379155A CN 114718039 B CN114718039 B CN 114718039B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
- E02D3/115—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means by freezing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
The application discloses a dam reinforcement device and a dam reinforcement method integrating drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing, wherein the dam reinforcement device comprises a liquid inlet pipe, a nitrogen escape pipe, a liquid nitrogen storage pipe, a liquid nitrogen conveying system, a freezing pipe, a supply well, a spray head, a liquid mixing tank, a drill bit, a power system, a liquid inlet pipe valve, a material supply valve, a heat insulation bottom plate, a one-way air inlet pipe and a pressurizing pump. The dam reinforcement device and the dam reinforcement method with integrated drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing are suitable for flood prevention facilities such as dams and river banks which are easily affected by flood, save the condensation time required by the concrete reinforcement method, improve the stability of the dam from the inside of the dam body compared with the traditional sand bag landfill method, have wide application range, multiple functions and good adaptability, can be used at all parts of the dam body, can be used for designing a plurality of freezing wells according to the dam body structure, can be manufactured into a similar 'heart wall' structure, and improve the flood prevention reinforcement efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a device and a method for reinforcing a dyke by integrating drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing, belonging to the technical field of reinforcing dyke cracks and improving dyke stability.
Background
The rainy season is coming each year, and the flood disaster is very serious, and the flood prevention and flood control working preparation stage can be started from 5 months to 6 months. The dam serves as a final flood control line and plays a critical role in flood control: flood can travel within the limit range of the embankment, and the safety of nearby residents and the normal production of industry and agriculture can be ensured. Otherwise, once the dike breaks, huge casualties and property losses are caused.
The conventional dam reinforcement method generally adopts concrete to heighten and thicken or fill sand bags, and the concrete reinforcement method generally is carried out when the dam body is subjected to danger removal and reinforcement in dry seasons, so that the construction difficulty is increased in flood season, and the engineering quantity is large. And the sand bags are filled manually or mechanically, so that the internal structure of the dam body is not reinforced, the dam body is easy to disintegrate under the impact of flood, and certain danger exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the application provides a device and a method for reinforcing a dam by integrating drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
a dam reinforcement device integrating drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing comprises a liquid inlet pipe, a nitrogen escape pipe, a liquid nitrogen storage pipe, a liquid nitrogen conveying system, a freezing pipe, a supply well, a spray head, a liquid mixing tank, a drill bit, a power system, a liquid inlet pipe valve, a material supply valve, a heat insulation bottom plate, a one-way air inlet pipe and a pressurizing pump;
the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe is arranged at the top of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe and is communicated with the inside of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe, and a liquid inlet pipe valve is arranged at the top of the liquid inlet pipe; the top of the liquid inlet pipe is connected with an external liquid nitrogen supply device;
the liquid nitrogen conveying systems have more than two sets of liquid nitrogen storage pipes with the same structure, the liquid nitrogen conveying systems are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the liquid nitrogen storage pipes, and a supply well is formed between two adjacent sets of liquid nitrogen conveying systems; the liquid nitrogen storage pipes and the liquid nitrogen conveying systems are arranged on the heat insulation bottom plate, the liquid nitrogen storage pipes and the liquid nitrogen conveying systems are both positioned on the inner side of the freezing pipe, the side wall of the freezing pipe is of a double-layer double-wall structure with a cavity, one end of each liquid nitrogen conveying system is communicated with the cavity in the side wall of the freezing pipe, and the other end of each liquid nitrogen conveying system is communicated with the liquid nitrogen storage pipe; the bottom of the nitrogen escape pipe is arranged at the top of the frozen layer pipe and is communicated with the cavity in the side wall of the frozen layer pipe, and the top of the nitrogen escape pipe is communicated with an external nitrogen recovery device;
the liquid mixing tank is arranged at the bottom of the heat insulation bottom plate, the liquid mixing tank is communicated with the supply well through a material supply valve, a one-way air inlet pipe is arranged on the outer side wall of the liquid mixing tank, the booster pump is arranged inside the liquid mixing tank and connected with the one-way air inlet pipe on the outer side wall, the spray head is arranged on the outer side wall of the liquid mixing tank, and the drill bit and the power system are arranged at the bottom of the liquid mixing tank; the drill bit and the power system comprise the drill bit and a power device for driving the drill bit to rotate.
A liquid inlet pipe valve is arranged at the upper part of the liquid inlet pipe to control external liquid nitrogen to enter a liquid nitrogen storage pipe; when external liquid nitrogen enters the liquid nitrogen storage tube through the liquid inlet tube, the external liquid nitrogen flows into the freezing tube layer through the liquid nitrogen conveying system and rapidly diffuses and gasifies, so that the freezing effect is achieved, and nitrogen formed after gasification flows out of the device through the nitrogen escape tube welded at the upper end of the freezing tube.
The replenishment well can be used for selecting different types of liquid for replenishment according to different types of dam bodies; the liquid mixing tank is used for mixing water with sediment and the like, the material replenishing valve is arranged on the heat insulation bottom plate and used for controlling the consumption of water or mud-water mixture sprayed when the drill bit and the power system work, dust is conveniently solidified during drilling, and freezing efficiency is improved.
The pressure pump is arranged in the liquid mixing tank and is connected with a one-way air inlet pipe on the outer wall of the liquid mixing tank, and the air pressure in the liquid mixing tank is increased by introducing external air to press out the water or mud water mixture.
The drill bit power system is arranged at the lower part of the liquid mixing tank and used for cutting a freezing well so as to facilitate later freezing, and only the drill bit rotates to work when the drill bit power system works, and other parts of the device remain stable.
The dam body structure is simple and reasonable in structure, can adapt to various dam body structures, and is strong and rapid in safety and wide in application range.
In order to improve the stability of the device, the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe is welded at the top of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe in a seamless manner; the bottom of the nitrogen escape pipe (2) is welded at the top of the freezing pipe in a seamless way.
In order to ensure the structural strength of the device, the liquid nitrogen storage tube is made of stainless steel, and a heat insulation layer is smeared on the outer wall of the liquid nitrogen storage tube, so that energy loss is reduced; the liquid nitrogen storage tube is welded on the heat insulation bottom plate.
As a specific implementation scheme, the liquid nitrogen conveying system comprises a liquid nitrogen conveying pipe, a heat insulation vertical plate and a heat insulation upper cover; one end of the liquid nitrogen conveying pipe is communicated with the cavity of the freezing pipe, the other end of the liquid nitrogen conveying pipe is communicated with the side wall of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe, the number of the heat insulation vertical plates is two, the two heat insulation vertical plates are respectively and oppositely arranged on two sides of the liquid nitrogen conveying pipe, two sides of the heat insulation vertical plates are respectively connected with the inner side wall of the freezing pipe and the outer side wall of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe, the bottoms of the heat insulation vertical plates are connected with the heat insulation bottom plate, and the tops of the two heat insulation vertical plates are covered with heat insulation upper covers. The liquid nitrogen conveying pipe is used for conveying liquid nitrogen into the freezing pipe, and the heat insulation vertical plate and the heat insulation upper cover can prevent the influence of low temperature on the liquid in the supply well.
In order to improve the efficiency, the number of the liquid nitrogen conveying pipes of each set of liquid nitrogen conveying system is more than 3 which are arranged along the height direction of the liquid nitrogen storage pipes; one end of each liquid nitrogen conveying pipe is vertically communicated with the cavity in the side wall of the freezing pipe, and the other end of each liquid nitrogen conveying pipe is vertically communicated with the side wall of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe.
The replenishment well is an open container surrounded by a heat insulation vertical plate, a heat insulation bottom plate, a liquid nitrogen storage pipe outer wall and a freezing pipe inner wall which are adjacent to each other by two adjacent liquid nitrogen conveying systems; a material replenishing valve is arranged on the heat insulation bottom plate in each replenishing well; the number of the spray heads is more than four, and all the spray heads are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer side wall of the mixing tank.
The liquid mixing tank is made of stainless steel; the drill bit is made of tungsten steel.
A method for reinforcing a dyke by using a drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing integrated dyke reinforcing device comprises the following steps:
1) Preassembling a replenishing material in a replenishing well; according to the freezing depth of the dam body to be excavated, driving a drill bit to excavate a freezing well at a crack of the dam body or at a joint of the dam body and a soil body through a power device to form the freezing well, and only rotating the drill bit to break the soil when drilling, wherein other components are kept stable;
2) When drilling holes, according to the condition of the dam body to be reinforced, opening a material replenishing valve, mixing pre-filled water and silt in a liquid mixing tank, pumping air into the liquid mixing tank through a booster pump and a one-way air inlet pipe to increase the internal air pressure of the liquid mixing tank, extruding water or muddy water mixture through an external nozzle, solidifying and cutting generated dust, wetting a concrete layer on the inner wall of a well, and facilitating freezing;
3) After the freeze well is cut, a liquid inlet pipe valve is opened, liquid nitrogen flows into a liquid nitrogen storage pipe through a liquid inlet pipe, flows into a cavity in the side wall of the freeze pipe through a liquid nitrogen conveying system, volatilizes in the cavity in the side wall of the freeze pipe to take away heat, freezes soil on the outer wall of the freeze pipe, and the volatilized nitrogen is pressed to a nitrogen escape pipe when the liquid nitrogen floods into the cavity in the side wall of the freeze pipe due to lower density than air and flows into an external nitrogen recovery device;
4) The inner wall of the freezing well and the surrounding soil body or concrete body are completely frozen, so that the stability of the dam in flood control is improved, the whole device is reserved in the freezing well of the dam body, the soil layer is thawed and pulled out after the flood season is finished, and the freezing well is filled.
In the step 3), the well to be frozen penetrates through the crack of the dam body or penetrates through the joint of the dam body and the soil body, and is regarded as the cutting.
In the step 1), if the reinforced dam body is of a soil-stone structure, water is preloaded into the supply well; if the reinforcement dam body is of a concrete structure, water and sediment are respectively preloaded in different supply wells.
In the step 3), liquid nitrogen flows into the cavity in the side wall of the freezing pipe through the liquid nitrogen delivery pipe.
The technology not mentioned in the present application refers to the prior art.
The dam reinforcement device and the dam reinforcement method with integrated drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing are suitable for flood prevention facilities such as dams and river banks which are easily affected by flood, save the condensation time required by the concrete reinforcement method, improve the stability of the dam from the inside of the dam body compared with the traditional sand bag landfill method, have wide application range, multiple functions and good adaptability, can be used at all parts of the dam body, can be used for designing a plurality of freezing wells according to the dam body structure, can be manufactured into a similar 'heart wall' structure, and improve the flood prevention reinforcement efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the external structure of a dam reinforcement device integrated with drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the liquid nitrogen delivery system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fluid mixing tank, drill bit and power system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the liquid mixing tank of FIG. 1;
in the figure, 1: a liquid inlet pipe; 2: a nitrogen escape pipe; 3: a liquid nitrogen storage tube; 4: a liquid nitrogen delivery system; 401: a liquid nitrogen delivery pipe; 402: a septum Wen Shuban; 403: a heat insulating upper cover; 5: freezing the tube; 6: a supply well; 7: a spray head; 8: a liquid mixing tank; 9: a drill bit and a power system; 10 a liquid inlet pipe valve; 11: a material replenishment valve; 12: a thermal insulation base plate; 13: a one-way air inlet pipe; 14: and a pressurizing pump.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present application, the following examples are further illustrated, but are not limited to the following examples.
The terms "top", "bottom" and the like are relative orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-5, a dam reinforcement device integrating drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing comprises a liquid inlet pipe 1, a nitrogen escape pipe 2, a liquid nitrogen storage pipe 3, a liquid nitrogen conveying system 4, a freezing pipe 5, a replenishing well 6, a spray head 7, a liquid mixing tank 8, a drill bit and power system 9, a liquid inlet pipe valve 10, a material replenishing valve 11, a heat insulation bottom plate 12, a one-way air inlet pipe 13 and a pressurizing pump 14;
the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe 1 is arranged at the top of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe 3 and is communicated with the inside of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe 3, and a liquid inlet pipe valve 10 is arranged at the top of the liquid inlet pipe 1; the top of the liquid inlet pipe 1 is connected with an external liquid nitrogen supply device;
the liquid nitrogen conveying systems 4 are provided with four sets of liquid nitrogen conveying systems with the same structure, the liquid nitrogen conveying systems 4 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the liquid nitrogen storage tube 3, and a supply well 6 is formed between two adjacent sets of liquid nitrogen conveying systems 4; the liquid nitrogen storage pipes 3 and the liquid nitrogen conveying systems 4 are all arranged on the heat insulation bottom plate 12, the liquid nitrogen storage pipes 3 and the liquid nitrogen conveying systems 4 are all positioned on the inner side of the freezing pipe 5, the side wall of the freezing pipe 5 is of a double-layer double-wall structure with a cavity, one end of each liquid nitrogen conveying system 4 is communicated with the cavity in the side wall of the freezing pipe 5, and the other end of each liquid nitrogen conveying system is communicated with the liquid nitrogen storage pipe 3; the bottom of the nitrogen escape pipe 2 is arranged at the top of the freezing pipe 5 and is communicated with a cavity in the side wall of the freezing pipe 5, and the top of the nitrogen escape pipe 2 is communicated with an external nitrogen recovery device;
the liquid mixing tank 8 is arranged at the bottom of the heat insulation bottom plate 12, the liquid mixing tank 8 is communicated with the supply well 6 through a material supply valve 11, a one-way air inlet pipe 13 is arranged on the outer side wall of the liquid mixing tank 8, the pressurizing pump 14 is arranged inside the liquid mixing tank 8 and is connected with the one-way air inlet pipe 13 on the outer side wall, the spray head 7 is arranged on the outer side wall of the liquid mixing tank 8, and the drill bit and the power system 9 are arranged at the bottom of the liquid mixing tank 8; the drill bit and power system 9 includes a drill bit and a power device for driving the drill bit to rotate.
A liquid inlet pipe valve is arranged at the upper part of the liquid inlet pipe to control external liquid nitrogen to enter a liquid nitrogen storage pipe; when external liquid nitrogen enters the liquid nitrogen storage tube through the liquid inlet tube, the external liquid nitrogen flows into the freezing tube layer through the liquid nitrogen conveying system and rapidly diffuses and gasifies, so that the freezing effect is achieved, and nitrogen formed after gasification flows out of the device through the nitrogen escape tube welded at the upper end of the freezing tube. The replenishment well can be used for selecting different types of liquid for replenishment according to different types of dam bodies; the liquid mixing tank is used for mixing water with sediment and the like, the material replenishing valve is arranged on the heat insulation bottom plate and used for controlling the consumption of water or mud-water mixture sprayed when the drill bit and the power system work, dust is conveniently solidified during drilling, and freezing efficiency is improved. The pressure pump is arranged in the liquid mixing tank and is connected with a one-way air inlet pipe on the outer wall of the liquid mixing tank, and the air pressure in the liquid mixing tank is increased by introducing external air to press out the water or mud water mixture. The drill bit power system is arranged at the lower part of the liquid mixing tank and used for cutting a freezing well so as to facilitate later freezing, and only the drill bit rotates to work when the drill bit power system works, and other parts of the device remain stable.
Example 2
On the basis of example 1, the following modifications were further made: the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe 1 is welded at the liquid nitrogen reservoir in a seamless wayThe top of the storage tube 3; the bottom of the nitrogen escape pipe 2 is welded at the top of the freezing pipe 5 in a seamless manner. The liquid nitrogen storage tube 3 is made of stainless steel and has a volume of 0.5m 3 The outer wall of the liquid nitrogen storage tube 3 is coated with a heat insulation layer, so that energy loss is reduced; the liquid nitrogen storage tube 3 is welded on the heat insulation bottom plate 12. The liquid mixing tank 8 was made of stainless steel and had a volume of 0.3m 3 。
Example 3
On the basis of example 2, the following modifications were further made: as shown in fig. 3, the liquid nitrogen delivery system 4 includes a liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 401, a septum Wen Shuban 402, and a thermal insulation upper cover 403; one end of the liquid nitrogen conveying pipe 401 is communicated with the cavity of the freezing pipe 5, the other end of the liquid nitrogen conveying pipe is communicated with the side wall of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe 3, the number of the heat insulation vertical plates 402 is two, the two heat insulation vertical plates are respectively and oppositely arranged at two sides of the liquid nitrogen conveying pipe 401, two sides of the heat insulation Wen Shuban are respectively connected with the inner side wall of the freezing pipe 5 and the outer side wall of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe 3, the bottom of the heat insulation Wen Shuban is connected with the heat insulation bottom plate 12, and the top of each heat insulation vertical plate 402 is covered with a heat insulation upper cover 403. For delivering liquid nitrogen into the frozen tube 5 and preventing the effects of low temperature on the liquid in the supply well 6. The number of the liquid nitrogen conveying pipes 401 of each set of liquid nitrogen conveying system 4 is 3 which are arranged along the height direction of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe 3; one end of each liquid nitrogen conveying pipe 401 is vertically communicated with the cavity in the side wall of the freezing pipe 5, and the other end is vertically communicated with the side wall of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe 3. The replenishing well 6 is an open container surrounded by a partition Wen Shuban 402, a heat insulation bottom plate 12, the outer wall of the liquid nitrogen storage tube 3 and the inner wall of the freezing tube 5 which are adjacent to the two adjacent liquid nitrogen conveying systems 4; a material replenishing valve 11 is arranged on the heat insulation bottom plate 12 in each replenishing well 6; the number of the spray heads 7 is four, and the spray heads are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the outer side wall of the mixing tank 8. The liquid mixing tank 8 is made of stainless steel; the drill bit is made of tungsten steel with the maximum diameter of 120mm.
A method for reinforcing a dyke by using a drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing integrated dyke reinforcing device comprises the following steps:
1) Preassembling a replenishing material in a replenishing well; according to the freezing depth of the dam body to be excavated, driving a drill bit to excavate a freezing well at a crack of the dam body or at a joint of the dam body and a soil body through a power device to form the freezing well, and only rotating the drill bit to break the soil when drilling, wherein other components are kept stable;
2) When drilling holes, according to the condition of the dam body to be reinforced, a material replenishing valve 11 is opened, pre-filled water and sediment are mixed in a liquid mixing tank 8, air is pumped into the liquid mixing tank 8 through a pressurizing pump 14 and a one-way air inlet pipe 13 to increase the air pressure in the liquid mixing tank 8, water or mud-water mixed matters are extruded out through an external nozzle 7, dust generated by cutting is consolidated, and concrete on the inner wall of a well is wetted, so that the water or mud-water mixed matters are conveniently frozen;
3) When the freezing well penetrates through a dam crack or penetrates through a joint of the dam and a soil body, the liquid inlet pipe valve 10 is opened after the freezing well is cut, liquid nitrogen flows into the liquid nitrogen storage pipe 3 through the liquid inlet pipe 1 and flows into a cavity in the side wall of the freezing pipe 5 through the liquid nitrogen conveying pipe 401, volatilizes in the cavity in the side wall of the freezing pipe 5 to take away heat, so that the soil body on the outer wall of the freezing pipe 5 is frozen, and the volatilized nitrogen is pressed to the nitrogen escape pipe 2 when the liquid nitrogen floods into the cavity in the side wall of the freezing pipe 5 due to lower density than air and flows into an external nitrogen recovery device;
4) The inner wall of the freezing well and the surrounding soil body or concrete body are completely frozen, so that the stability of the dam in flood control is improved, the whole device is reserved in the freezing well of the dam body, the soil layer is thawed and pulled out after the flood season is finished, and the freezing well is filled.
In the step 1), if the reinforced dam body is of a soil-stone structure, water is preloaded into the supply well; if the reinforcement dam body is of a concrete structure, water and sediment are respectively preloaded in different supply wells, in the step 2), after the corresponding material supply valves 11 are opened, the water and the sediment flow into the lower liquid mixing tank from the respective supply wells, and are mixed in the mixing tank, and the proportion of the water and the sediment is generally controlled at 2:1.
The concrete reinforcement generally needs to be performed in the dry period for system danger removal reinforcement construction, the construction principle is complex, the time span is large, the number of participators and tools is large, and the construction site is more remote and large-scale machinery and can not run, so that the time is usually 1 month; the dam reinforcement construction process is simple, does not need other special equipment, is simple and easy to operate, can be frozen for about 10 days, and remarkably improves the stability of the dam in flood fighting.
The dam reinforcement device and the dam reinforcement method with the integrated drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing are suitable for flood prevention facilities such as dams and river banks which are easily affected by flood, the condensation time required by the concrete reinforcement method is saved, the dam stability is improved from the inside of a dam body compared with the traditional sand bag landfill method, the application range is wide, the functions are multiple, the adaptability is good, the dam reinforcement device and the dam reinforcement method can be used at all parts of the dam body, multiple freezing wells can be designed according to the dam body structure, a similar 'heart wall' structure can be manufactured, and the flood prevention reinforcement efficiency is improved.
Claims (9)
1. A method for reinforcing a dam by integrating drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing is characterized by comprising the following steps: reinforcing by using a drilling hole and liquid nitrogen freezing integrated dam reinforcing device;
drilling and liquid nitrogen freeze integrated dyke-dam reinforcement device includes: the device comprises a liquid inlet pipe (1), a nitrogen escape pipe (2), a liquid nitrogen storage pipe (3), a liquid nitrogen conveying system (4), a freezing pipe (5), a supply well (6), a spray head (7), a liquid mixing tank (8), a drill bit and a power system (9), a liquid inlet pipe valve (10), a material supply valve (11), a heat insulation bottom plate (12), a one-way air inlet pipe (13) and a pressurizing pump (14);
the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe (1) is arranged at the top of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe (3) and is communicated with the inside of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe (3), and a liquid inlet pipe valve (10) is arranged at the top of the liquid inlet pipe (1); the top of the liquid inlet pipe (1) is connected with an external liquid nitrogen supply device;
the liquid nitrogen conveying systems (4) are provided with more than two sets of liquid nitrogen conveying systems with the same structure, the liquid nitrogen conveying systems (4) are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the liquid nitrogen storage tube (3), and a supply well (6) is formed between two adjacent sets of liquid nitrogen conveying systems (4); the liquid nitrogen storage pipes (3) and the liquid nitrogen conveying systems (4) are both arranged on the heat insulation bottom plate (12), the liquid nitrogen storage pipes (3) and the liquid nitrogen conveying systems (4) are both positioned on the inner side of the freezing pipe (5), the side wall of the freezing pipe (5) is of a double-layer wall-clamping structure with a cavity, one end of each liquid nitrogen conveying system (4) is communicated with the cavity in the side wall of the freezing pipe (5), and the other end of each liquid nitrogen conveying system is communicated with the liquid nitrogen storage pipe (3); the bottom of the nitrogen escape pipe (2) is arranged at the top of the freezing pipe (5) and is communicated with a cavity in the side wall of the freezing pipe (5), and the top of the nitrogen escape pipe (2) is communicated with an external nitrogen recovery device;
the liquid mixing tank (8) is arranged at the bottom of the heat insulation bottom plate (12), the liquid mixing tank (8) is communicated with the supply well (6) through the material supply valve (11), the unidirectional air inlet pipe (13) is arranged on the outer side wall of the liquid mixing tank (8), the pressurizing pump (14) is arranged inside the liquid mixing tank (8) and is connected with the unidirectional air inlet pipe (13) on the outer side wall, the spray head (7) is arranged on the outer side wall of the liquid mixing tank (8), and the drill and the power system (9) are arranged at the bottom of the liquid mixing tank (8); the drill bit and power system (9) comprises a drill bit and a power device for driving the drill bit to rotate;
the method for reinforcing the dam by integrating drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing comprises the following steps:
1) Preassembling a replenishing material in a replenishing well (6); according to the freezing depth of the dam body to be excavated, driving a drill bit to excavate a freezing well at a crack of the dam body or at a joint of the dam body and a soil body through a power device to form the freezing well, and only rotating the drill bit to break the soil when drilling, wherein other components are kept stable;
2) When drilling holes, according to the condition of a dam body to be reinforced, a material replenishing valve (11) is opened, pre-filled water and sediment are mixed in a liquid mixing tank (8), air is pumped into the liquid mixing tank (8) through a booster pump (14) and a one-way air inlet pipe (13) to increase the internal air pressure of the liquid mixing tank (8), water or mud-water mixture is extruded through an external nozzle (7), dust generated by cutting is consolidated, a concrete layer on the inner wall of a well is wetted, and the freezing is facilitated;
3) After the freeze well is cut, a liquid inlet pipe valve (10) is opened, liquid nitrogen flows into a liquid nitrogen storage pipe (3) through a liquid inlet pipe (1), flows into a cavity in the side wall of a freeze pipe (5) through a liquid nitrogen conveying system (4), volatilizes in the cavity in the side wall of the freeze pipe (5) to take away heat, freezes soil on the outer wall of the freeze pipe (5), and the volatilized nitrogen is pressed to a nitrogen escape pipe (2) when liquid nitrogen flows into the cavity in the side wall of the freeze pipe (5) due to lower density than air and flows into an external nitrogen recovery device;
4) And after the flood season is over, the soil layer is thawed and pulled out, and the freezing well is filled.
2. The method for reinforcing a dike by integrating drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the liquid inlet pipe (1) is welded at the top of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe (3) in a seamless way; the bottom of the nitrogen escape pipe (2) is welded at the top of the freezing pipe (5) in a seamless way.
3. A method of reinforcing a dike with integrated drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the liquid nitrogen storage tube (3) is made of stainless steel, and a heat insulation layer is smeared on the outer wall of the liquid nitrogen storage tube (3); the liquid nitrogen storage tube (3) is welded on the heat insulation bottom plate (12).
4. A method of reinforcing a dike with integrated drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the liquid nitrogen conveying system (4) comprises a liquid nitrogen conveying pipe (401), a separator Wen Shuban (402) and a heat insulation upper cover (403); one end of a liquid nitrogen conveying pipe (401) is communicated with a cavity of the freezing pipe (5), the other end of the liquid nitrogen conveying pipe is communicated with the side wall of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe (3), the number of partitions Wen Shuban (402) is two, the two partitions are respectively and oppositely arranged at two sides of the liquid nitrogen conveying pipe (401), two sides of each partition Wen Shuban (402) are respectively connected with the inner side wall of the freezing pipe (5) and the outer side wall of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe (3), the bottom of each partition Wen Shuban (402) is connected with a heat insulation bottom plate (12), and the tops of the two heat insulation vertical plates (402) are covered with heat insulation upper covers (403).
5. The method for reinforcing a dike by combining drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the number of the liquid nitrogen conveying pipes (401) of each set of liquid nitrogen conveying system (4) is more than 3 which are arranged along the height direction of the liquid nitrogen storage pipes (3); one end of each liquid nitrogen conveying pipe (401) is vertically communicated with a cavity in the side wall of the freezing pipe (5), and the other end is vertically communicated with the side wall of the liquid nitrogen storage pipe (3).
6. The method for reinforcing a dike by combining drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the replenishing well (6) is an open container surrounded by a spacing Wen Shuban (402), a heat insulation bottom plate (12), the outer wall of the liquid nitrogen storage tube (3) and the inner wall of the freezing tube (5) which are adjacent to the two adjacent liquid nitrogen conveying systems (4); a material replenishing valve (11) is arranged on the heat insulation bottom plate (12) in each replenishing well (6); the number of the spray heads (7) is more than four, and all the spray heads (7) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer side wall of the mixing tank (8).
7. A method of reinforcing a dike with integrated drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the liquid mixing tank (8) is made of stainless steel; the drill bit is made of tungsten steel.
8. A method of reinforcing a dike with integrated drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step 1), if the reinforced dam body is of a soil and stone structure, water is preloaded into the supply well; if the reinforcement dam body is of a concrete structure, water and sediment are respectively preloaded in different supply wells.
9. A method of reinforcing a dike with integrated drilling and liquid nitrogen freezing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in step 3), liquid nitrogen flows into the cavity in the side wall of the freezing pipe (5) through the liquid nitrogen delivery pipe (401).
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