CN114717177B - 一种儿童纤毛不动综合征气管类器官的培养液和培养方法 - Google Patents
一种儿童纤毛不动综合征气管类器官的培养液和培养方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种儿童气管类器官的培养液和培养方法,培养液是含有如下各终浓度的组分的Advanced DMEM/F12培养基:GlutaMax‑I添加剂1×、B27添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素‑链霉素双抗溶液1×、烟酰胺3~5mM、N‑乙酰基‑L‑半胱氨酸1~1.5mM、Y‑27632 4~6μm、SB202190 400~600nm、A83‑01 400~600nm、R‑Spondin1 400~600ng/ml、FGF7 20~30ng/ml、FGF10 90~110ng/ml、Noggin 90~110ng/ml、EGF 1~10ng/ml。本发明方法使用少量的气管上皮组织,即可培养出成形率高、体积大的气管类器官,成功率高,培养周期短,基于培养得到的类器官从基因、蛋白以及结构功能方面系统评估儿童PCD患者气管上皮中纤毛细胞及纤毛摆动状态,可完成对患者纤毛基因、结构及功能的全方位评估,相比于目前需要多次活检取样原位细胞的PCD诊疗手段,极大地降低了有创操作次数,减少了疾病负担。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物领域,具体涉及类器官培养方法,更具体涉及一种儿童纤毛不动综合征气管类器官的培养液和培养方法。
背景技术
纤毛不动综合症(PCD)是一种罕见的以反复呼吸道感染为主遗传性疾病,目前认为至少有50个基因突变与PCD形成密切相关,病变主要累及上、下呼吸道纤毛细胞的纤毛形成及运动。目前PCD临床指南主要参考欧洲及北美的诊断指南,临床诊断主要依赖nNO生成速率、纤毛高速运动分析、基因检测和电镜辅助诊断,但是PCD诊断尚无金标准,同时尚不存在单一的诊断手段可以用于确诊或排除PCD。
而在上述主要的诊断手段中,纤毛高速运动分析和电镜辅助诊断依赖于纤维支气管镜活检术,用纤维支气管镜捕捉患者气管纤毛细胞,随机性较大,可能未取得纤毛细胞或者细胞样本较少,需要多次行纤维支气管镜活检术,对患者造成多次伤害;而且,PCD表型存在多型性,根据目前的诊断标准,纤毛高速运动分析和电镜检测均需要多次送检方能确诊或排除PCD,如果利用原位细胞作为样本送检,同样需要多次进行纤维支气管镜活检术,对患者造成多次伤害;而若采用常规的细胞二维培养、冻存以供送检,则在培养过程中容易产生基因型及表型的改变,无法稳定传代和保存,影响送检结果。
类器官属于三维(3D)细胞培养物,包含其代表器官的一些关键特性。类器官的培养多是使用人成体干细胞在体外进行系统性培养,模拟体内生长环境,保留器官记忆,实现细胞体外自我组织,重现器官结构。体外培养的3D类器官结构包含多种分化成熟的细胞并能维持对应的紧密结构,发挥响应细胞的功能,在结合特定的干预因素下,模拟器官生理及病理状态;目前肺、小肠、肝、胆、胰、前列腺、乳腺、食管等结构的类器官及肿瘤类器官均已成功构建,广泛应用于器官研究、药物研发及患者个性化治疗,因此,若能构建PCD患者的气管类器官,以类器官作为样本进行检测和诊断,将大大降低对患者的伤害,并且提高检测诊断准确性。
然而,目前气管类器官的培养仍然面临着问题:支气管镜活检取样的细胞数量有限,培养成功率低,周期较长,成本较高;因此目前气管类器官培养的原代主要采用肺叶组织,难以准确反映气管部位病变(例如PCD)。进一步地,尤其对于儿童而言,无论是对气管还是肺叶组织进行活检取样都更为困难,样本量非常少,导致类器官培养的成功率很低。同时,不同的组织培养类器官的培养液、培养方法存在差异,目前使用气管组织,尤其是儿童PCD患者少量的气管组织培养气管类器官的方法还未见报道,存在较大技术空缺,因此开发利用较少量的气管组织样本(例如儿童支气管镜活检样本)培养PCD气管类器官的培养方法,对临床辅助诊断治疗以及疾病研究而言,具有重要的医学和商业价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种气管类器官的培养液及培养方法。
本发明提供了一种人气管类器官培养液,它是含有如下各终浓度的组分的基础培养基:
GlutaMax-I添加剂1×、B27添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×、烟酰胺3~5mM、N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸1~1.5mM、Y-27632 4~6μm、SB202190 400~600nm、A83-01 400~600nm、R-Spondin1 400~600ng/ml、FGF7 20~30ng/ml、FGF10 90~110ng/ml、Noggin 90~110ng/ml、EGF 1~10ng/ml,所述基础培养基是Advanced DMEM/F12培养基。
进一步地,上述培养液是含有如下各终浓度的组分的基础培养基:
GlutaMax-I添加剂1×、B27添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×、烟酰胺5mM、N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸1.25mM、Y-27632 5μm、SB202190 500nm、A83-01500nm、R-Spondin1 500ng/ml、FGF7 25ng/ml、FGF10 100ng/ml、Noggin 100ng/ml、EGF10ng/ml,所述基础培养基是Advanced DMEM/F12培养基。
本发明还提供了一种人气管上皮组织消化液,它是含有如下各终浓度的组分的基础培养基:
GlutaMax-I添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×、灰色链酶菌蛋白酶XIV 0.1~0.3mg/ml、胶原蛋白I 300~500U/ml、Y-27632 5~15μm、脱氧核糖核酸酶I 5~15U/ml,所述基础培养基是Advanced DMEM/F12培养基。
进一步地,上述消化液是含有如下各终浓度的组分的基础培养基:
GlutaMax-I添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×、灰色链酶菌蛋白酶XIV 0.25mg/ml、胶原蛋白I 400U/ml、Y27632 10μm、脱氧核糖核酸酶I10U/ml,所述基础培养基是Advanced DMEM/F12培养基。
本发明还提供了一种人气管类器官培养试剂盒,它包括上述的培养液和/或上述的消化液。
进一步地,上述试剂盒是儿童气管类器官培养的试剂盒;优选为患有纤毛不动综合征的儿童气管类器官培养的试剂盒。
本发明还提供了一种人气管类器官培养方法,它使用权利要求5或6所述的试剂盒培养人气管类器官。
优选地,上述培养方法是采用体积为1~2mm3的气管上皮组织,适用所述试剂盒培养人气管类器官。
进一步地,上述培养方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取体积为1~2mm3的气管上皮组织;
(2)将步骤(1)的气管组织清洗并剪碎,加入消化液消化,得到细胞;
(3)将步骤(2)获得的细胞加入原代培养液培养,每500μL原代培养液含4000~6000个细胞,培养至少12天,得到类器官;
优选地,所述培养方法还包括如下传代步骤:
(4)步骤(3)培养的类器官直径达到100~200μm后,进行传代,传代比例为1:(4~6),更换为传代培养液进行传代培养;
所述传代培养基是含有如下各终浓度的组分的基础培养基:
GlutaMax-I添加剂1×、B27添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×、烟酰胺3~5mM、N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸1~1.5mM、Y-27632 4~6μm、SB202190 400~600nm、A83-01 400~600nm、R-Spondin1 400~600ng/ml、FGF7 20~30ng/ml、FGF10 90~110ng/ml、Noggin 90~110ng/ml,所述基础培养基是Advanced DMEM/F12培养基;
其中,步骤(2)所述的消化液是权利要求3或4所述的消化液,和/或步骤(3)所述原代培养液是权利要求1或2所述的培养液。
优选地,所述传代培养基是含有如下各终浓度的组分的基础培养基:
GlutaMax-I添加剂1×、B27添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×、烟酰胺5mM、N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸1.25mM、Y-27632 5μm、SB202190 500nm、A83-01500nm、R-Spondin1 500ng/ml、FGF7 25ng/ml、FGF10 100ng/ml、Noggin 100ng/ml,余量为Advanced DMEM/F12培养基。
进一步地,上述步骤(2)所述消化是在37℃下消化1~1.2小时;
和/或,步骤(3)所述培养是在37℃,5%CO2条件下培养至少12天,每4天更换新鲜原代培养基;
和/或,所述步骤(4)所述培养是在37℃,5%CO2条件下培养,每4天更换新鲜传代培养基。
进一步地,上述的方法是培养儿童的气管类器官的方法,优选地,它是培养患有纤毛不动症的儿童的气管类器官的方法。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明提供一种进行人(包括成人与儿童)气管类器官的培养方法,所建立的类器官能够高度模拟人体内气管上皮的细胞结构及功能特点,并能长期稳定传代,保持基因型及表型稳定,为气管疾病(例如PCD疾病)研究和临床诊疗提供一种新的模型。
2、本发明的类器官培养液可以仅使用少量气管上皮细胞进行培养,提高了人气管类器官培养成功率,极大减少了人气管类器官培养周期和成本。尤其是对于取样难度大、取样量少的儿童而言,使用本发明培养液和培养方法构建气管类器官非常有利。
3、通过本发明方法,利用仅一次纤维支气管镜术获取的少量细胞即可成功构建PCD患者气管类器官,在类器官水平从基因、蛋白以及结构功能方面,系统的评估儿童PCD患者气管上皮中纤毛细胞及纤毛摆动状态,完成对患者纤毛基因、结构及功能的全方位评估,相比于目前需要多次活检取样原位细胞的诊疗手段,极大地降低了有创操作次数,减少了疾病负担。
本发明的术语解释:本发明权利要求和说明书中所述的:
“气管上皮组织”主要包含基底细胞(Basel细胞)、杯状细胞(Goblet细胞)、棒状细胞(Club细胞)和纤毛细胞,分别实现上皮细胞更新、粘液分泌以及清除异物的功能。
“GlutaMax-I添加剂1×”是指:商品化的GlutaMax-I添加剂(100×)在本发明培养液体系中被稀释100倍;或,GlutaMax-I添加剂在本发明培养液体系中的添加量以L-丙氨酰-L-谷氨酰胺计,终浓度为2mM。
“B27添加剂1×”是指:商品化的B27添加剂(50×)在本发明培养液体系中被稀释50倍。
“HEPES缓冲液1×”是指:商品化的HEPES缓冲液(100×,1M)在本发明培养液体系中被稀释100倍;或,HEPES缓冲液在本发明培养液体系中的添加量以HEPES(4-羟乙基哌嗪乙磺酸)计,终浓度为10mM。
“青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×”是指:商品化的青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液(100×)在本发明培养液体系中被稀释100倍;或,青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液在本发明体系中的添加量以青霉素计,终浓度为100U/mL。
本发明所述的“传代比例”是指:每1体积的第n代类器官培养液体系,取其中的类器官消化后的细胞传代为4~6体积的第n+1代类器官培养液体系。n为不小于0的整数,n为0时,第0代类器官指原代类器官。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
附图说明
图1为本发明方法加入培养液培养16天得到的儿童气管类器官。
图2为本发明培养液配方(EGF)和对比组培养液配方(CONTROL)培养8天时得到的类器官对比图。
图3为本发明培养液配方(EGF)和对比组培养液配方(CONTROL)培养8天时得到的类器官克隆形成率统计结果(n=3)。
图4为本发明培养液配方(EGF)和对比组培养液配方(CONTROL)培养8天时得到的类器官最大直径统计结果(n=15)。
图5为本发明方法培养得到的类器官的免疫荧光染色结果。
具体实施方式
下述实施例中所涉及的实验材料及其来源如下:
Advanced DMEM/F12是gibco的产品,货号为12634010。
基质胶Matrigel是corning的产品,货号为356231。
青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液(P/S)是gibco的产品,货号为15140122。
DPBS是gibco的产品,货号为C14190500。
HEPES缓冲液是gibco的产品,货号为15630080。
GlutaMAX-I添加剂是gibco的产品,货号为35050061。
B27 supplement(B27添加剂)是gibco的产品,货号为17504044。
N-Acetylcysteine(N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸)是Sigma的产品,货号为A9165。
Nicotinamide(烟酰胺)是Sigma的产品,货号为N0636。
Y-27632是Cell Signaling Technology的产品,货号为75073。
A83-01是Cell Signaling Technology的产品,货号为13624。
SB202190是Cell Signaling Technology的产品,货号为8158。
FGF-7(重组人成纤维细胞生长因子-7)是PeproTech的产品,货号为100-19。
FGF-10(重组人成纤维细胞生长因子-10)是PeproTech的产品,货号为100-26。
R-spondin1是R&D的产品,货号为4645-RS。
Noggin是R&D的产品,货号为6057-NG。
EGF是R&D的产品,货号为236-EG。
灰色链酶菌蛋白酶XIV(Protease XIV)是gibco的产品,货号为P5147。
胶原蛋白I(Collagense I)是gibco的产品,货号为C0130。
脱氧核糖核酸酶I(DNase I)是Roche的产品,货号为10104159001。
KRT5兔单克隆抗体(一抗)是abcam的产品,货号为ab52635。
Acetylatedα-Tubulin鼠单克隆抗体(一抗)是SANTA CRUZ的产品,货号为sc-23950。
CC10鼠单克隆抗体是SANTA CRUZ(一抗)的产品,货号为sc-365992。
MUC5AC鼠单克隆抗体是SANTA CRUZ(一抗)的产品,货号为sc-21701。
红色荧光Alexa FluorR 594goat anti-rabbit IgG(二抗)是invitrogen的产品,货号为A-11007。
绿色荧光Alexa FluorR 488goat anti-mouse IgG(二抗)是invitrogen的产品,货号为A-11029。
DAPI是Solarbio的产品,货号为C0060。
红细胞裂解液是Solarbio的产品,货号为R1010。
本发明实施例所用的气管上皮组织是通过对反复呼吸道感染儿童,临床进行支气管镜电镜活检获取的气管上皮组织样本,4℃保存于样本保存液中,由华西第二医院小儿呼吸免疫科提供人源样本。
实施例1、本发明气管类器官的培养
消化液的组成:Advanced DMEM/F12培养基作为基础培养基,添加如下各终浓度的组分:GlutaMax-I添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×、灰色链酶菌蛋白酶XIV(Protease XIV)0.25mg/ml、胶原蛋白I(Collagense I)400U/ml、Y27632 10μm、脱氧核糖核酸酶I(DNase I)10U/ml。
原代培养液的组成:Advanced DMEM/F12培养基作为基础培养基,添加如下各终浓度的组分:GlutaMax-I添加剂1×、B27添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×、烟酰胺5mM、N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸1.25mM、Y-27632 5μm、SB202190 500nm、A83-01500nm、R-Spondin1 500ng/ml、FGF7 25ng/ml、FGF10 100ng/ml、Noggin 100ng/ml、EGF10ng/ml。
传代培养液的组成:Advanced DMEM/F12培养基作为基础培养基,添加如下各终浓度的组分:GlutaMax-I添加剂1×、B27添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×、烟酰胺5mM、N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸1.25mM、Y-27632 5μm、SB202190 500nm、A83-01500nm、R-Spondin1 500ng/ml、FGF7 25ng/ml、FGF10 100ng/ml、Noggin 100ng/ml。
(1)儿童PCD气管组织消化及类器官培养
将气管上皮组织约1-2mm3组织块,置于含无菌DPBS的3.5cm培养皿中清洗一次,用眼科剪将组织剪成直径约1mm大小的碎块。然后将组织转移至含1ml消化液的1.5mlEP管中,37℃、水平摇床100rpm,消化1小时。然后用1ml枪头进行机械吹打,所有组织块均能无阻力通过枪头并且消化液中可见大量悬浮细胞时,可停止消化。加入300μl FBS终止消化,多次机械吹打,将消化液过40μm滤网,获得滤液。离心200G,3min,去上清,细胞沉淀使用1ml红细胞裂解液重悬,室温静置2min,离心200G,3min,去上清,细胞沉淀用AD+++清洗,清洗两次,并进行细胞计数。将获得的细胞用提前融化的Matrigel重悬,然后接种至24孔板中,每孔5000个细胞,30μl Matrigel,接种好后,将24孔板放入37℃培养箱中15min,待Matrigel凝固后加入配置好的原代培养液,每孔500μl。
(2)儿童PCD气管类器官培养
将加入了原代培养液的细胞放置于37℃、5%CO2恒温培养箱中进行培养,每4天更换培养液,培养至12-14天主要形成实心气管类器官。
(3)儿童PCD气管类器官的传代
步骤(2)培养的类器官直径大小在100-200μm左右可进行传代。
每孔加入1ml AD+++溶液(配方:Advanced DMEM/F12作为基础培养基,添加如下组分:HEPES、GlutaMAX-I和P/S组成。HEPES、GlutaMAX-I和P/S终浓度均为1×)重悬类器官和基质胶,离心200G,3min,去上清,加入1ml 1×Triple重悬沉淀,于37℃消化5-10min,1ml枪头反复吹打后,离心200G,3min,去上清,细胞沉淀用AD+++溶液清洗2次,最后一次离心后,细胞沉淀用Matrigel重悬后再种植回24孔板,传代比例为1:(4~6),将24孔板放置于37℃培养箱孵育15min,待Matrigel凝固后,加入传代培养液,放置于37℃、5%CO2恒温培养箱中进行培养,每隔4天更换一次培养液,约培养2-3周即可得到空心类器官,如图1所示。
以下通过实验例证明本发明的有益效果。
实验例1、本发明培养液的培养效果
1、实验方法
实验组:使用本发明实施例1的培养液配方进行第(2)步的培养;
对比组:使用本发明实施例1传代培养液配方进行第(2)步的培养。
在实施例1的步骤(2)加入实验组或对比组的培养液培养后,分别在D1、D4、D8、D12、D16记录类器官生长状态。
2、实验结果
原代培养基培养12~14天可以观察到儿童来源的单个细胞可以生长为直径约200μm大小的空心(对比组)或实心(实验组)球状类器官结构。
具体地对比来看,图2~4为培养8天时得到的实验组和对比组的类器官对比图以及克隆形成率、类器官最大直径统计结果。从图2可以看出,实验组的原代类器官呈现实心生长,类器官形成率和类器官大小均明显高于对比组,对比组的类器官则呈现空心生长,从图3可以看出,对比组类器官培养克隆形成率为1.073±0.06566(n=3),而实验组高达1.593±0.1387(n=3),二者具有显著差异(*p<0.05);从图4可以看出,对比组的类器官最大直径仅为124.7±6.768(n=15),而实验组类器官最大直径达到了396.3±44.08(n=15),高达对比组的3倍以上。
可见,本发明的气管类器官培养液非常有利于气管类器官的培养,使用非常少量的气管上皮组织,即可成功培养得到气管类器官,成形率高、体积大的气管类器官,培养周期短。
实验例2、本发明类器官的细胞类型鉴定
1、实验方法
免疫荧光染色所用枪头和EP管均使用1%BSA进行润洗。
用1ml PBS将实施例1培养的24孔板中的类器官和Matrigel吹打下来,离心70G,3min去上清,沉淀用细胞回收液重悬,在4℃孵育20min,离心70G,3min去上清然后用4%PFA1ml,吹打混匀,4℃过夜。然后离心70G,3min去上清。后用PBS清洗细胞沉淀,离心70G,3min,去上清。后加入500ul 0.25%Triton X100室温透膜30min。接着离心70G,3min去上清加入300ul 5%BSA封闭,吹打混匀室温静置1h。加入一抗4℃摇床孵育过夜,然后PBST清洗三次,每次70G,3min,去上清。然后加入荧光二抗,室温孵育1h,接着PBST清洗三次,然后用PBS重悬类器官,转移至共聚焦小皿中拍照。
2、实验结果
如图5所示,可以观察到,本发明方法培养的类器官中含有多种类型的细胞,上述结果说明培养的气管类器官系统含有Basal细胞、纤毛细胞、Club细胞、Goblet细胞等多种类型细胞,细胞类型与位置分布与体内气管上皮结构高度一致,能有效地模拟正常和PCD患者气管上皮的结构和功能。
综上,本发明提供了一种气管类器官的培养液和培养方法,使用非常少量的气管上皮组织,即可培养出成形率高、体积大的气管类器官,因此尤其适于对取样困难的儿童气管类器官的培养。本发明方法培养成功率高,培养周期短,得到的类器官可进一步用于从基因、蛋白以及结构功能方面系统评估儿童PCD患者气管上皮中纤毛细胞及纤毛摆动状态,完成对患者纤毛基因、结构及功能的全方位评估,相比于目前需要多次活检取样原位细胞的诊疗手段,极大地降低了有创操作次数,减少了疾病负担。
Claims (5)
1.一种儿童气管类器官培养试剂盒,其特征在于,它包括儿童气管类器官培养液和儿童气管上皮组织消化液;
所述儿童气管类器官培养液是Advanced DMEM/F12培养基作为基础培养基,添加如下各终浓度的组分:GlutaMax-I添加剂1×、B27添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×、烟酰胺3~5mM、N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸1~1.5mM、Y-27632 4~6μM、SB202190400~600nM、A83-01400~600nM、R-Spondin1 400~600ng/ml、FGF7 20~30ng/ml、FGF1090~110ng/ml、Noggin 90~110ng/ml、EGF 1~10ng/ml;
所述儿童气管上皮组织消化液是Advanced DMEM/F12培养基作为基础培养基,添加如下各终浓度的组分:GlutaMax-I添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×、灰色链酶菌蛋白酶XIV 0.1~0.3mg/ml、胶原酶I 300~500U/ml、Y-27632 5~15μM、脱氧核糖核酸酶I 5~15U/ml。
2.如权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述儿童气管类器官培养液是AdvancedDMEM/F12培养基作为基础培养基,添加如下各终浓度的组分:
GlutaMax-I添加剂1×、B27添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×、烟酰胺5mM、N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸1.25mM、Y-276325μM、SB202190 500nM、A83-01 500nM、R-Spondin1 500ng/ml、FGF725ng/ml、FGF10 100ng/ml、Noggin 100ng/ml、EGF 10ng/ml,所述基础培养基为Advanced DMEM/F12培养基。
3.如权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述儿童气管上皮组织消化液是AdvancedDMEM/F12培养基作为基础培养基,添加如下各终浓度的组分:
GlutaMax-I添加剂1×、HEPES缓冲液1×、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液1×、灰色链酶菌蛋白酶XIV 0.25mg/ml、胶原酶I 400U/ml、Y27632 10μM、脱氧核糖核酸酶I10U/ml,所述基础培养基为Advanced DMEM/F12培养基。
4.一种儿童气管类器官培养方法,其特征在于,它使用权利要求1-3任一项所述的试剂盒培养儿童气管类器官。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,它是培养患有纤毛不动综合征的儿童的气管类器官的方法。
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